ACI 530 530.1 11:2011 Edition

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530/530.1-11: Building Code Requirements and Specification for Masonry Structures and Related Commentaries

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ACI	2011	340

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Description

The 2011 edition represents a major update from the former edition both in technical requirements and in layout. The Code and Specification are written as legal documents so that they may be adopted by reference in general building codes. The Code covers the design and construction of masonry structures, with subjects covered ranging from quality assurance to the details and development of reinforcement. Compliance with the Specification is required by the Code to control materials, labor and construction. The commentaries present background details, committee considerations, and research data used to develop the Code and Specification. The Commentaries are not mandatory and are for information only. Many revisions and enhancements have been made including: • a recalibration of allowable stresses; • the addition of provisions for infill masonry; and • a refinement of the quality assurance/special inspection provisions for masonry that includes references to relevant requirements for each inspection task. (TMS 402-11/ACI 530-11/ASCE 5-11) (TMS 602-11/ACI 530.1-11/ASCE 6-11) Keywords: AAC; masonry; anchors; autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) masonry; clay brick; clay tile; concrete block; concrete brick; construction; construction materials; curing; grout; grouting; inspection; joints; materials handling.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
2	ABSTRACT ABSTRACT
7	530-11 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures and Commentary 530-11 Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures and Commentary TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
13	SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS
15	CHAPTER 1- GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY CHAPTER 1- GENERAL DESIGN REQUIREMENTS FOR MASONRY 1.1 — Scope 1.1 — Scope 1.1.1 Minimum requirements 1.1.1 Minimum requirements 1.1.2 Governing building code 1.1.2 Governing building code 1.1.3 Design procedures 1.1.3 Design procedures
16	1.1.4 SI information 1.1.4 SI information
17	1.2 — Contract documents and calculations 1.2 — Contract documents and calculations 1.2.1 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.2.2 1.2.3 1.2.3 1.2.4 1.2.4
18	1.3 — Approval of special systems of design or construction 1.3 — Approval of special systems of design or construction
19	1.4 — Standards cited in this Code 1.4 — Standards cited in this Code
20	1.5 — Notation 1.5 — Notation
27	1.6 — Definitions 1.6 — Definitions
34	1.7 — Loading 1.7 — Loading 1.7.1 General 1.7.1 General 1.7.2 Load provisions 1.7.2 Load provisions
35	1.7.3 Lateral load resistance 1.7.3 Lateral load resistance 1.7.4 Load transfer at horizontal connections 1.7.4 Load transfer at horizontal connections 1.7.4.1 1.7.4.1 1.7.4.2 1.7.4.2 1.7.4.3 1.7.4.3 1.7.5 Other effects 1.7.5 Other effects 1.7.6 Lateral load distribution 1.7.6 Lateral load distribution 1.7.6.1 1.7.6.1 1.7.6.2 1.7.6.2 1.7.6.3 1.7.6.3
36	1.8 — Material properties 1.8 — Material properties 1.8.1 General 1.8.1 General
37	1.8.2 Elastic moduli 1.8.2 Elastic moduli 1.8.2.1 Steel reinforcement 1.8.2.1 Steel reinforcement 1.8.2.2 Clay and concrete masonry 1.8.2.2 Clay and concrete masonry 1.8.2.2.1 1.8.2.2.1 1.8.2.2.2 1.8.2.2.2 1.8.2.3 AAC masonry 1.8.2.3 AAC masonry 1.8.2.3.1 1.8.2.3.1 1.8.2.3.2 1.8.2.3.2 1.8.2.4 Grout 1.8.2.4 Grout
39	1.8.3 Coefficients of thermal expansion 1.8.3 Coefficients of thermal expansion 1.8.3.1 Clay masonry 1.8.3.1 Clay masonry 1.8.3.2 Concrete masonry 1.8.3.2 Concrete masonry 1.8.3.3 AAC masonry 1.8.3.3 AAC masonry 1.8.4 Coefficient of moisture expansion for clay masonry 1.8.4 Coefficient of moisture expansion for clay masonry 1.8.5 Coefficients of shrinkage 1.8.5 Coefficients of shrinkage 1.8.5.1 Concrete masonry 1.8.5.1 Concrete masonry 1.8.5.2 AAC masonry 1.8.5.2 AAC masonry 1.8.6 Coefficients of creep 1.8.6 Coefficients of creep 1.8.6.1 Clay masonry 1.8.6.1 Clay masonry 1.8.6.2 Concrete masonry 1.8.6.2 Concrete masonry 1.8.6.3 AAC masonry 1.8.6.3 AAC masonry
40	1.8.7 Prestressing steel 1.8.7 Prestressing steel 1.9 — Section properties 1.9 — Section properties 1.9.1 Stress computations 1.9.1 Stress computations 1.9.1.1 1.9.1.1 1.9.1.2 1.9.1.2
41	1.9.2 Stiffness 1.9.2 Stiffness 1.9.3 Radius of gyration 1.9.3 Radius of gyration
42	1.9.4 Intersecting walls 1.9.4 Intersecting walls 1.9.4.1 1.9.4.1 1.9.4.2 Design of wall intersection 1.9.4.2 Design of wall intersection 1.9.4.2.1 1.9.4.2.1 1.9.4.2.2 1.9.4.2.2 1.9.4.2.3 1.9.4.2.3 1.9.4.2.4 1.9.4.2.4 1.9.4.2.5 1.9.4.2.5
43	1.9.5 Bearing area 1.9.5 Bearing area
45	1.9.6 Effective compressive width per bar 1.9.6 Effective compressive width per bar 1.9.6.1 1.9.6.1 1.9.6.2 1.9.6.2
46	1.9.7 Concentrated loads 1.9.7 Concentrated loads 1.9.7.1 1.9.7.1 1.9.7.2 1.9.7.2
48	1.10 — Connection to structural frames 1.10 — Connection to structural frames
49	1.11 — Masonry not laid in running bond 1.11 — Masonry not laid in running bond
50	1.12 — Corbels 1.12 — Corbels 1.12.1 Load-bearing corbels 1.12.1 Load-bearing corbels 1.12.2 Non-load-bearing corbels 1.12.2 Non-load-bearing corbels
52	1.13 — Beams 1.13 — Beams 1.13.1 General beam design 1.13.1 General beam design 1.13.1.1 Span length 1.13.1.1 Span length 1.13.1.1.1 1.13.1.1.1 1.13.1.1.2 1.13.1.1.2 1.13.1.2 Lateral support 1.13.1.2 Lateral support 1.13.1.3 Bearing length 1.13.1.3 Bearing length
53	1.13.1.4 Deflections 1.13.1.4 Deflections 1.13.1.4.1 1.13.1.4.1 1.13.1.4.2 1.13.1.4.2 1.13.1.4.3 1.13.1.4.3
54	1.13.2 Deep beams 1.13.2 Deep beams 1.13.2.1 Effective span length 1.13.2.1 Effective span length 1.13.2.2 Internal lever arm 1.13.2.2 Internal lever arm 1.13.2.3 Flexural reinforcement 1.13.2.3 Flexural reinforcement
55	1.13.2.4 Minimum shear reinforcement 1.13.2.4 Minimum shear reinforcement 1.13.2.5 Total reinforcement 1.13.2.5 Total reinforcement 1.14 — Columns 1.14 — Columns 1.14.1 General column design 1.14.1 General column design 1.14.1.1 Dimensional limits 1.14.1.1 Dimensional limits 1.14.1.2 Construction 1.14.1.2 Construction 1.14.1.3 Vertical reinforcement 1.14.1.3 Vertical reinforcement
56	1.14.1.4 Lateral ties 1.14.1.4 Lateral ties 1.14.2 Lightly loaded columns 1.14.2 Lightly loaded columns
57	1.15 — Pilasters 1.15 — Pilasters 1.16 — Details of reinforcement and metal accessories 1.16 — Details of reinforcement and metal accessories 1.16.1 Embedment 1.16.1 Embedment 1.16.2 Size of reinforcement 1.16.2 Size of reinforcement 1.16.2.1 1.16.2.1 1.16.2.2 1.16.2.2 1.16.2.3 1.16.2.3
59	1.16.3 Placement of reinforcement 1.16.3 Placement of reinforcement 1.16.3.1 1.16.3.1 1.16.3.2 1.16.3.2 1.16.3.3 1.16.3.3 1.16.3.4 1.16.3.4 1.16.3.5 1.16.3.5 1.16.4 Protection of reinforcement and metal accessories 1.16.4 Protection of reinforcement and metal accessories 1.16.4.1 1.16.4.1 1.16.4.2 1.16.4.2 1.16.4.3 1.16.4.3
60	1.16.5 Standard hooks 1.16.5 Standard hooks
61	1.16.6 Minimum bend diameter for reinforcing bars 1.16.6 Minimum bend diameter for reinforcing bars 1.17 — Anchor bolts 1.17 — Anchor bolts 1.17.1 Placement 1.17.1 Placement 1.17.2 Projected area for axial tension 1.17.2 Projected area for axial tension
63	1.17.3 Projected area for shear 1.17.3 Projected area for shear
65	1.17.4 Effective embedment length for headed anchor bolts 1.17.4 Effective embedment length for headed anchor bolts 1.17.5 Effective embedment length of bent-bar anchor bolts 1.17.5 Effective embedment length of bent-bar anchor bolts
66	1.17.6 Minimum permissible effective embedment length 1.17.6 Minimum permissible effective embedment length 1.17.7 Anchor bolt edge distance 1.17.7 Anchor bolt edge distance
67	1.18 — Seismic design requirements 1.18 — Seismic design requirements 1.18.1 Scope 1.18.1 Scope
68	1.18.2 General analysis 1.18.2 General analysis 1.18.2.1 Element interaction 1.18.2.1 Element interaction 1.18.2.2 Load path 1.18.2.2 Load path 1.18.2.3 Anchorage design 1.18.2.3 Anchorage design 1.18.2.4 Drift limits 1.18.2.4 Drift limits
70	1.18.3 Element classification 1.18.3 Element classification 1.18.3.1 Nonparticipating elements 1.18.3.1 Nonparticipating elements 1.18.3.2 Participating elements 1.18.3.2 Participating elements
71	1.18.3.2.1 Empirical design of masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.1 Empirical design of masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.2 Ordinary plain (unreinforced) masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.2 Ordinary plain (unreinforced) masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.3 Detailed plain (unreinforced) masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.3 Detailed plain (unreinforced) masonry shear walls
72	1.18.3.2.3.1 Minimum reinforcement requirements 1.18.3.2.3.1 Minimum reinforcement requirements 1.18.3.2.4 Ordinary reinforced masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.4 Ordinary reinforced masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.5 Intermediate reinforced masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.5 Intermediate reinforced masonry shear walls
73	1.18.3.2.6 Special reinforced masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.6 Special reinforced masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.6.1 Shear capacity design 1.18.3.2.6.1 Shear capacity design
74	1.18.3.2.6.1.1 1.18.3.2.6.1.1 1.18.3.2.6.1.2 1.18.3.2.6.1.2 1.18.3.2.7 Ordinary plain (unreinforced) AAC masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.7 Ordinary plain (unreinforced) AAC masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.7.1 Anchorage of floor and roof diaphragms in AAC masonry structures 1.18.3.2.7.1 Anchorage of floor and roof diaphragms in AAC masonry structures 1.18.3.2.8 Detailed plain (unreinforced) AAC masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.8 Detailed plain (unreinforced) AAC masonry shear walls
75	1.18.3.2.8.1 Minimum reinforcement requirements 1.18.3.2.8.1 Minimum reinforcement requirements 1.18.3.2.9 Ordinary reinforced AAC masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.9 Ordinary reinforced AAC masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.9.1 Shear capacity design 1.18.3.2.9.1 Shear capacity design 1.18.3.2.10 Ordinary plain (unreinforced) prestressed masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.10 Ordinary plain (unreinforced) prestressed masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.11 Intermediate reinforced prestressed masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.11 Intermediate reinforced prestressed masonry shear walls
76	1.18.3.2.12 Special reinforced prestressed masonry shear walls 1.18.3.2.12 Special reinforced prestressed masonry shear walls
77	1.18.4 Seismic Design Category requirements 1.18.4 Seismic Design Category requirements 1.18.4.1 Seismic Design Category A requirements 1.18.4.1 Seismic Design Category A requirements 1.18.4.1.1 Design of nonparticipating elements 1.18.4.1.1 Design of nonparticipating elements 1.18.4.1.2 Design of participating elements 1.18.4.1.2 Design of participating elements 1.18.4.2 Seismic Design Category B requirements 1.18.4.2 Seismic Design Category B requirements 1.18.4.2.1 Design of participating elements 1.18.4.2.1 Design of participating elements 1.18.4.3 Seismic Design Category C requirements 1.18.4.3 Seismic Design Category C requirements
78	1.18.4.3.1 Design of nonparticipating elements 1.18.4.3.1 Design of nonparticipating elements 1.18.4.3.2 Design of participating elements 1.18.4.3.2 Design of participating elements 1.18.4.3.2.1 Connections to masonry columns 1.18.4.3.2.1 Connections to masonry columns 1.18.4.3.2.2 Anchorage of floor and roof diaphragms in AAC masonry structures 1.18.4.3.2.2 Anchorage of floor and roof diaphragms in AAC masonry structures
79	1.18.4.3.2.3 Material requirements 1.18.4.3.2.3 Material requirements 1.18.4.3.2.4 Lateral stiffness 1.18.4.3.2.4 Lateral stiffness 1.18.4.3.2.5 Design of columns, pilasters, and beams supporting discontinuous elements 1.18.4.3.2.5 Design of columns, pilasters, and beams supporting discontinuous elements
80	1.18.4.4 Seismic Design Category D requirements 1.18.4.4 Seismic Design Category D requirements 1.18.4.4.1 Design of nonparticipating elements 1.18.4.4.1 Design of nonparticipating elements 1.18.4.4.2 Design of participating elements 1.18.4.4.2 Design of participating elements 1.18.4.4.2.1 Minimum reinforcement for masonry columns 1.18.4.4.2.1 Minimum reinforcement for masonry columns
81	1.18.4.4.2.2 Material requirements 1.18.4.4.2.2 Material requirements 1.18.4.4.2.3 Lateral tie anchorage 1.18.4.4.2.3 Lateral tie anchorage 1.18.4.5 Seismic Design Categories E and F requirements 1.18.4.5 Seismic Design Categories E and F requirements 1.18.4.5.1 Minimum reinforcement for nonparticipating masonry elements not laid in running bond 1.18.4.5.1 Minimum reinforcement for nonparticipating masonry elements not laid in running bond 1.19 — Quality Assurance program 1.19 — Quality Assurance program
82	1.19.1 Level A Quality Assurance 1.19.1 Level A Quality Assurance 1.19.2 Level B Quality Assurance 1.19.2 Level B Quality Assurance 1.19.2.1 1.19.2.1 1.19.2.2 1.19.2.2 1.19.3 Level C Quality Assurance 1.19.3 Level C Quality Assurance 1.19.4 Procedures 1.19.4 Procedures
83	1.19.5 Qualifications 1.19.5 Qualifications
87	1.19.6 Acceptance relative to strength requirements 1.19.6 Acceptance relative to strength requirements 1.19.6.1 Compliance with f ‘m 1.19.6.1 Compliance with f ‘m 1.19.6.2 Determination of compressive strength 1.19.6.2 Determination of compressive strength 1.20 — Construction 1.20 — Construction 1.20.1 Grouting, minimum spaces 1.20.1 Grouting, minimum spaces
88	1.20.2 Embedded conduits, pipes, and sleeves 1.20.2 Embedded conduits, pipes, and sleeves 1.20.2.1 1.20.2.1 1.20.2.2 1.20.2.2 1.20.2.3 1.20.2.3 1.20.2.4 1.20.2.4
91	CHAPTER 2- ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN OF MASONRY CHAPTER 2- ALLOWABLE STRESS DESIGN OF MASONRY 2.1 — General 2.1 — General 2.1.1 Scope 2.1.1 Scope 2.1.2 Load combinations 2.1.2 Load combinations 2.1.3 Design strength 2.1.3 Design strength 2.1.3.1 2.1.3.1 2.1.3.2 2.1.3.2 2.1.3.3 2.1.3.3 2.1.4 Anchor bolts embedded in grout 2.1.4 Anchor bolts embedded in grout 2.1.4.1 Design requirements 2.1.4.1 Design requirements
92	2.1.4.2 Allowable loads determined by test 2.1.4.2 Allowable loads determined by test 2.1.4.2.1 2.1.4.2.1 2.1.4.2.2 2.1.4.2.2 2.1.4.3 Allowable loads determined by calculation for headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 2.1.4.3 Allowable loads determined by calculation for headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 2.1.4.3.1 Allowable axial tensile load of headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 2.1.4.3.1 Allowable axial tensile load of headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 2.1.4.3.1.1 Allowable axial tensile load of headed anchor bolts 2.1.4.3.1.1 Allowable axial tensile load of headed anchor bolts 2.1.4.3.1.2 Allowable axial tensile load of bent-bar anchor bolts 2.1.4.3.1.2 Allowable axial tensile load of bent-bar anchor bolts 2.1.4.3.2 Allowable shear load of headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 2.1.4.3.2 Allowable shear load of headed and bent-bar anchor bolts
93	2.1.4.3.3 Combined axial tension and shear 2.1.4.3.3 Combined axial tension and shear 2.1.5 Multiwythe walls 2.1.5 Multiwythe walls 2.1.5.1 2.1.5.1 2.1.5.2 Composite action 2.1.5.2 Composite action 2.1.5.2.1 2.1.5.2.1 2.1.5.2.2 2.1.5.2.2 2.1.5.2.3 2.1.5.2.3 2.1.5.2.4 2.1.5.2.4
95	2.1.5.3 Non-composite action 2.1.5.3 Non-composite action 2.1.5.3.1 2.1.5.3.1 2.1.5.3.2 2.1.5.3.2
96	2.1.6 Bearing stress 2.1.6 Bearing stress
97	2.1.7 Development of reinforcement embedded in grout 2.1.7 Development of reinforcement embedded in grout 2.1.7.1 General 2.1.7.1 General 2.1.7.2 Development of wires in tension 2.1.7.2 Development of wires in tension 2.1.7.3 Development of bars in tension or compression 2.1.7.3 Development of bars in tension or compression
98	2.1.7.4 Embedment of flexural reinforcement 2.1.7.4 Embedment of flexural reinforcement 2.1.7.4.1 General 2.1.7.4.1 General 2.1.7.4.1.1 2.1.7.4.1.1 2.1.7.4.1.2 2.1.7.4.1.2 2.1.7.4.1.3 2.1.7.4.1.3
100	2.1.7.4.1.4 2.1.7.4.1.4 2.1.7.4.1.5 2.1.7.4.1.5 2.1.7.4.1.6 2.1.7.4.1.6 2.1.7.4.2 Development of positive moment reinforcement 2.1.7.4.2 Development of positive moment reinforcement 2.1.7.4.3 Development of negative moment reinforcement 2.1.7.4.3 Development of negative moment reinforcement 2.1.7.4.3.1 2.1.7.4.3.1 2.1.7.4.3.2 2.1.7.4.3.2
101	2.1.7.5 Hooks 2.1.7.5 Hooks 2.1.7.5.1 2.1.7.5.1 2.1.7.5.2 2.1.7.5.2 2.1.7.6 Development of shear reinforcement 2.1.7.6 Development of shear reinforcement 2.1.7.6.1 Bar and wire reinforcement 2.1.7.6.1 Bar and wire reinforcement 2.1.7.6.1.1 2.1.7.6.1.1 2.1.7.6.1.2 2.1.7.6.1.2
102	2.1.7.6.1.3 2.1.7.6.1.3 2.1.7.6.1.4 2.1.7.6.1.4 2.1.7.6.1.5 2.1.7.6.1.5 2.1.7.6.2 Welded wire reinforcement 2.1.7.6.2 Welded wire reinforcement 2.1.7.6.2.1 2.1.7.6.2.1 2.1.7.6.2.2 2.1.7.6.2.2 2.1.7.7 Splices of reinforcement 2.1.7.7 Splices of reinforcement 2.1.7.7.1 Lap splices 2.1.7.7.1 Lap splices 2.1.7.7.1.1 2.1.7.7.1.1 2.1.7.7.1.2 2.1.7.7.1.2
103	2.1.7.7.1.3 2.1.7.7.1.3 2.1.7.7.2 Welded splices 2.1.7.7.2 Welded splices 2.1.7.7.3 Mechanical splices 2.1.7.7.3 Mechanical splices 2.1.7.7.4 End-bearing splices 2.1.7.7.4 End-bearing splices 2.1.7.7.4.1 2.1.7.7.4.1 2.1.7.7.4.2 2.1.7.7.4.2 2.1.7.7.4.3 2.1.7.7.4.3
104	2.2 — Unreinforced masonry 2.2 — Unreinforced masonry 2.2.1 Scope 2.2.1 Scope 2.2.2 Stresses in reinforcement 2.2.2 Stresses in reinforcement 2.2.3 Axial compression and flexure 2.2.3 Axial compression and flexure 2.2.3.1 2.2.3.1
107	2.2.3.2 Bending 2.2.3.2 Bending
110	2.2.4 Axial tension 2.2.4 Axial tension 2.2.5 Shear 2.2.5 Shear 2.2.5.1 2.2.5.1 2.2.5.2 2.2.5.2
111	2.3 — Reinforced masonry 2.3 — Reinforced masonry 2.3.1 Scope 2.3.1 Scope 2.3.2 Design assumptions 2.3.2 Design assumptions 2.3.3 Steel reinforcement — Allowable stresses 2.3.3 Steel reinforcement — Allowable stresses 2.3.3.1 2.3.3.1 2.3.3.2 2.3.3.2 2.3.3.3 2.3.3.3 2.3.4 Axial compression and flexure 2.3.4 Axial compression and flexure 2.3.4.1 2.3.4.1 2.3.4.2 Allowable forces and stresses 2.3.4.2 Allowable forces and stresses
112	2.3.4.2.1 2.3.4.2.1 2.3.4.2.2 2.3.4.2.2
113	2.3.4.3 Columns 2.3.4.3 Columns
114	2.3.4.4 Walls 2.3.4.4 Walls 2.3.5 Axial tension and flexural tension 2.3.5 Axial tension and flexural tension 2.3.6 Shear 2.3.6 Shear 2.3.6.1 2.3.6.1 2.3.6.1.1 2.3.6.1.1 2.3.6.1.2 2.3.6.1.2
115	2.3.6.1.3 2.3.6.1.3 2.3.6.1.4 2.3.6.1.4 2.3.6.1.5 2.3.6.1.5 2.3.6.2 2.3.6.2 2.3.6.2.1 2.3.6.2.1
116	2.3.6.2.2 2.3.6.2.2 2.3.6.3 2.3.6.3 2.3.6.4 2.3.6.4
119	CHAPTER 3- STRENGTH DESIGN OF MASONRY CHAPTER 3- STRENGTH DESIGN OF MASONRY 3.1 — General 3.1 — General 3.1.1 Scope 3.1.1 Scope 3.1.2 Required strength 3.1.2 Required strength 3.1.3 Design strength 3.1.3 Design strength 3.1.4 Strength-reduction factors 3.1.4 Strength-reduction factors 3.1.4.1 Anchor bolts 3.1.4.1 Anchor bolts 3.1.4.2 Bearing 3.1.4.2 Bearing 3.1.4.3 Combinations of flexure and axial load in unreinforced masonry 3.1.4.3 Combinations of flexure and axial load in unreinforced masonry
120	3.1.4.4 Combinations of flexure and axial load in reinforced masonry 3.1.4.4 Combinations of flexure and axial load in reinforced masonry 3.1.4.5 Shear 3.1.4.5 Shear 3.1.5 Deformation requirements 3.1.5 Deformation requirements 3.1.5.1 Deflection of unreinforced (plain) masonry 3.1.5.1 Deflection of unreinforced (plain) masonry 3.1.5.2 Deflection of reinforced masonry 3.1.5.2 Deflection of reinforced masonry 3.1.6 Anchor bolts embedded in grout 3.1.6 Anchor bolts embedded in grout 3.1.6.1 Design requirements 3.1.6.1 Design requirements 3.1.6.2 Nominal strengths determined by test 3.1.6.2 Nominal strengths determined by test 3.1.6.2.1 3.1.6.2.1 3.1.6.2.2 3.1.6.2.2
121	3.1.6.3 Nominal strengths determined by calculation for headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 3.1.6.3 Nominal strengths determined by calculation for headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 3.1.6.3.1 Nominal tensile strength of headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 3.1.6.3.1 Nominal tensile strength of headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 3.1.6.3.1.1 Axial tensile strength of headed anchor bolts 3.1.6.3.1.1 Axial tensile strength of headed anchor bolts 3.1.6.3.1.2 Axial tensile strength of bent-bar anchor bolts 3.1.6.3.1.2 Axial tensile strength of bent-bar anchor bolts
122	3.1.6.3.2 Shear strength of headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 3.1.6.3.2 Shear strength of headed and bent-bar anchor bolts 3.1.6.3.3 Combined axial tension and shear 3.1.6.3.3 Combined axial tension and shear 3.1.7 Nominal bearing strength 3.1.7 Nominal bearing strength 3.1.8 Material properties 3.1.8 Material properties 3.1.8.1 Compressive strength 3.1.8.1 Compressive strength 3.1.8.1.1 Masonry compressive strength 3.1.8.1.1 Masonry compressive strength 3.1.8.1.2 Grout compressive strength 3.1.8.1.2 Grout compressive strength
123	3.1.8.2 Masonry modulus of rupture 3.1.8.2 Masonry modulus of rupture 3.1.8.3 Reinforcement strength 3.1.8.3 Reinforcement strength
124	3.2 –– Unreinforced (plain) masonry 3.2 –– Unreinforced (plain) masonry 3.2.1 Scope 3.2.1 Scope 3.2.1.1 Strength for resisting loads 3.2.1.1 Strength for resisting loads 3.2.1.2 Strength contribution from reinforcement 3.2.1.2 Strength contribution from reinforcement 3.2.1.3 Design criteria 3.2.1.3 Design criteria 3.2.2 Flexural and axial strength of unreinforced (plain) masonry members 3.2.2 Flexural and axial strength of unreinforced (plain) masonry members 3.2.2.1 Design assumptions 3.2.2.1 Design assumptions 3.2.2.2 Nominal strength 3.2.2.2 Nominal strength 3.2.2.3 Nominal axial strength 3.2.2.3 Nominal axial strength
125	3.2.2.4 P-Delta effects 3.2.2.4 P-Delta effects 3.2.2.4.1 3.2.2.4.1 3.2.2.4.2 3.2.2.4.2 3.2.2.4.3 3.2.2.4.3
126	3.2.2.4.4 3.2.2.4.4
127	3.2.3 Axial tension 3.2.3 Axial tension 3.2.4 Nominal shear strength 3.2.4 Nominal shear strength
128	3.3 –– Reinforced masonry 3.3 –– Reinforced masonry 3.3.1 Scope 3.3.1 Scope 3.3.2 Design assumptions 3.3.2 Design assumptions 3.3.3 Reinforcement requirements and details 3.3.3 Reinforcement requirements and details 3.3.3.1 Reinforcing bar size limitations 3.3.3.1 Reinforcing bar size limitations
129	3.3.3.2 Standard hooks 3.3.3.2 Standard hooks 3.3.3.3 Development 3.3.3.3 Development 3.3.3.3.1 3.3.3.3.1 3.3.3.3.2 3.3.3.3.2 3.3.3.3.2.1 3.3.3.3.2.1
130	3.3.3.3.2.2 3.3.3.3.2.2 3.3.3.4 Splices 3.3.3.4 Splices
132	3.3.3.5 Maximum area of flexural tensile reinforcement 3.3.3.5 Maximum area of flexural tensile reinforcement 3.3.3.5.1 3.3.3.5.1 3.3.3.5.2 3.3.3.5.2 3.3.3.5.3 3.3.3.5.3 3.3.3.5.4 3.3.3.5.4
134	3.3.3.6 Bundling of reinforcing bars 3.3.3.6 Bundling of reinforcing bars
135	3.3.4 Design of beams, piers, and columns 3.3.4 Design of beams, piers, and columns 3.3.4.1 Nominal strength 3.3.4.1 Nominal strength 3.3.4.1.1 Nominal axial and flexural strength 3.3.4.1.1 Nominal axial and flexural strength 3.3.4.1.2 Nominal shear strength 3.3.4.1.2 Nominal shear strength 3.3.4.1.2.1 Nominal masonry shear strength 3.3.4.1.2.1 Nominal masonry shear strength
136	3.3.4.1.2.2 Nominal shear strength provided by reinforcement 3.3.4.1.2.2 Nominal shear strength provided by reinforcement 3.3.4.2 Beams 3.3.4.2 Beams 3.3.4.2.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 3.3.4.2.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 3.3.4.2.2.1 3.3.4.2.2.1 3.3.4.2.2.2 3.3.4.2.2.2 3.3.4.2.2.3 3.3.4.2.2.3 3.3.4.2.3 Transverse reinforcement 3.3.4.2.3 Transverse reinforcement
137	3.3.4.2.4 Construction 3.3.4.2.4 Construction 3.3.4.2.5 Dimensional limits 3.3.4.2.5 Dimensional limits 3.3.4.3 Piers 3.3.4.3 Piers 3.3.4.3.1 3.3.4.3.1 3.3.4.3.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 3.3.4.3.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 3.3.4.3.3 Dimensional limits 3.3.4.3.3 Dimensional limits
138	3.3.5 Wall design for out-of-plane loads 3.3.5 Wall design for out-of-plane loads 3.3.5.1 Scope 3.3.5.1 Scope 3.3.5.2 Moment and deflection calculations 3.3.5.2 Moment and deflection calculations 3.3.5.3 Walls with factored axial stress of 0.20 f ‘m or less 3.3.5.3 Walls with factored axial stress of 0.20 f ‘m or less 3.3.5.4 Nominal axial and flexural strength 3.3.5.4 Nominal axial and flexural strength
139	3.3.5.5 Deflections 3.3.5.5 Deflections
140	3.3.6 Wall design for in-plane loads 3.3.6 Wall design for in-plane loads 3.3.6.1 Scope 3.3.6.1 Scope 3.3.6.2 Reinforcement 3.3.6.2 Reinforcement 3.3.6.3 Flexural and axial strength 3.3.6.3 Flexural and axial strength 3.3.6.4 Shear strength 3.3.6.4 Shear strength 3.3.6.5 3.3.6.5 3.3.6.5.1 3.3.6.5.1
141	3.3.6.5.2 3.3.6.5.2 3.3.6.5.3 3.3.6.5.3
143	3.3.6.5.4 3.3.6.5.4
144	3.3.6.5.5 3.3.6.5.5
147	CHAPTER 4- PRESTRESSED MASONRY CHAPTER 4- PRESTRESSED MASONRY 4.1 — General 4.1 — General 4.1.1 Scope 4.1.1 Scope 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.4 4.1.5 4.1.5
148	4.1.6 4.1.6 4.2 — Design methods 4.2 — Design methods 4.2.1 General 4.2.1 General 4.2.2 After transfer 4.2.2 After transfer 4.3 — Permissible stresses in prestressing tendons 4.3 — Permissible stresses in prestressing tendons 4.3.1 Jacking force 4.3.1 Jacking force 4.3.2 Immediately after transfer 4.3.2 Immediately after transfer 4.3.3 Post-tensioned masonry members 4.3.3 Post-tensioned masonry members
149	4.3.4 Effective prestress 4.3.4 Effective prestress
150	4.4 — Axial compression and flexure 4.4 — Axial compression and flexure 4.4.1 General 4.4.1 General 4.4.1.1 4.4.1.1 4.4.1.2 4.4.1.2 4.4.1.3 4.4.1.3
151	4.4.2 Service load requirements 4.4.2 Service load requirements 4.4.2.1 4.4.2.1 4.4.2.2 4.4.2.2
152	4.4.3 Strength requirements 4.4.3 Strength requirements 4.4.3.1 4.4.3.1 4.4.3.2 4.4.3.2 4.4.3.3 4.4.3.3 4.4.3.4 4.4.3.4 4.4.3.5 4.4.3.5 4.4.3.5.1 4.4.3.5.1 4.4.3.5.2 4.4.3.5.2 4.4.3.5.3 4.4.3.5.3 4.4.3.5.4 4.4.3.5.4 4.4.3.6 4.4.3.6
153	4.4.3.7 Computation of fps for out-of-planebending 4.4.3.7 Computation of fps for out-of-planebending 4.4.3.7.1 4.4.3.7.1 4.4.3.7.2 4.4.3.7.2 4.4.3.7.3 4.4.3.7.3 4.4.3.8 Computation of fps for shear walls 4.4.3.8 Computation of fps for shear walls 4.5 — Axial tension 4.5 — Axial tension 4.6 — Shear 4.6 — Shear 4.6.1 4.6.1 4.6.2 4.6.2 4.6.2.1 4.6.2.1
154	4.6.2.2 4.6.2.2 4.7 — Deflection 4.7 — Deflection 4.8 — Prestressing tendon anchorages, couplers, and end blocks 4.8 — Prestressing tendon anchorages, couplers, and end blocks 4.8.1 4.8.1 4.8.2 4.8.2 4.8.3 4.8.3 4.8.4 Bearing stresses 4.8.4 Bearing stresses 4.8.4.1 4.8.4.1 4.8.4.2 4.8.4.2 4.9 — Protection of prestressing tendons and accessories 4.9 — Protection of prestressing tendons and accessories 4.9.1 4.9.1 4.9.2 4.9.2
155	4.9.3 4.9.3 4.10 — Development of bonded tendons 4.10 — Development of bonded tendons
157	CHAPTER 5- EMPIRICAL DESIGN OF MASONRY CHAPTER 5- EMPIRICAL DESIGN OF MASONRY 5.1 — General 5.1 — General 5.1.1 Scope 5.1.1 Scope 5.1.1.1 5.1.1.1 5.1.1.2 5.1.1.2 5.1.2 Limitations 5.1.2 Limitations 5.1.2.1 Gravity Loads 5.1.2.1 Gravity Loads 5.1.2.2 Seismic 5.1.2.2 Seismic 5.1.2.3 Wind 5.1.2.3 Wind 5.1.2.4 Buildings and other structures in Risk Category IV 5.1.2.4 Buildings and other structures in Risk Category IV 5.1.2.5 Other horizontal loads 5.1.2.5 Other horizontal loads 5.1.2.6 Glass unit masonry 5.1.2.6 Glass unit masonry 5.1.2.7 AAC masonry 5.1.2.7 AAC masonry
159	5.2 — Height 5.2 — Height 5.3 — Lateral stability 5.3 — Lateral stability 5.3.1 Shear walls 5.3.1 Shear walls 5.3.1.1 5.3.1.1 5.3.1.2 5.3.1.2 5.3.2 Roofs 5.3.2 Roofs
161	5.4 — Compressive stress requirements 5.4 — Compressive stress requirements 5.4.1 Calculations 5.4.1 Calculations 5.4.2 Allowable compressive stresses 5.4.2 Allowable compressive stresses
164	5.5 — Lateral support 5.5 — Lateral support 5.5.1 Maximum l/t and h/t 5.5.1 Maximum l/t and h/t
165	5.5.2 Cantilever walls 5.5.2 Cantilever walls 5.5.3 Support elements 5.5.3 Support elements 5.6 — Thickness of masonry 5.6 — Thickness of masonry 5.6.1 General 5.6.1 General 5.6.2 Minimum thickness 5.6.2 Minimum thickness 5.6.2.1 Bearing Walls 5.6.2.1 Bearing Walls 5.6.2.2 Rubble stone walls 5.6.2.2 Rubble stone walls 5.6.2.3 Shear walls 5.6.2.3 Shear walls
166	5.6.2.4 Foundation walls 5.6.2.4 Foundation walls 5.6.2.5 Foundation piers 5.6.2.5 Foundation piers 5.6.2.6 Parapet walls 5.6.2.6 Parapet walls 5.6.2.7 Change in thickness 5.6.2.7 Change in thickness 5.6.3 Foundation walls 5.6.3 Foundation walls 5.6.3.1 5.6.3.1 5.6.3.2 5.6.3.2
167	5.6.4 Parapet walls 5.6.4 Parapet walls 5.7 — Bond 5.7 — Bond 5.7.1 General 5.7.1 General 5.7.2 Bonding with masonry headers 5.7.2 Bonding with masonry headers 5.7.2.1 Solid units 5.7.2.1 Solid units 5.7.2.2 Hollow units 5.7.2.2 Hollow units 5.7.3 Bonding with wall ties or joint reinforcement 5.7.3 Bonding with wall ties or joint reinforcement 5.7.3.1 5.7.3.1 5.7.3.2 5.7.3.2
169	5.7.4 Natural or cast stone 5.7.4 Natural or cast stone 5.7.4.1 Ashlar masonry 5.7.4.1 Ashlar masonry 5.7.4.2 Rubble stone masonry 5.7.4.2 Rubble stone masonry 5.8 — Anchorage 5.8 — Anchorage 5.8.1 General 5.8.1 General 5.8.2 Intersecting walls 5.8.2 Intersecting walls 5.8.2.1 5.8.2.1 5.8.2.2 5.8.2.2 5.8.2.3 5.8.2.3 5.8.2.4 5.8.2.4 5.8.2.5 5.8.2.5 5.8.3 Floor and roof anchorage 5.8.3 Floor and roof anchorage 5.8.3.1 5.8.3.1
170	5.8.3.2 5.8.3.2 5.8.3.3 5.8.3.3 5.8.3.4 5.8.3.4 5.8.3.5 5.8.3.5 5.8.4 Walls adjoining structural framing 5.8.4 Walls adjoining structural framing 5.9 — Miscellaneous requirements 5.9 — Miscellaneous requirements 5.9.1 Chases and recesses 5.9.1 Chases and recesses 5.9.2 Lintels 5.9.2 Lintels 5.9.3 Support on wood 5.9.3 Support on wood
171	CHAPTER 6- VENEER CHAPTER 6- VENEER 6.1 — General 6.1 — General 6.1.1 Scope 6.1.1 Scope
172	6.1.1.1 6.1.1.1 6.1.1.2 6.1.1.2 6.1.1.3 6.1.1.3 6.1.2 Design of anchored veneer 6.1.2 Design of anchored veneer
174	6.1.3 Design of adhered veneer 6.1.3 Design of adhered veneer 6.1.4 Dimension stone 6.1.4 Dimension stone 6.1.5 Autoclaved aerated concrete masonry veneer 6.1.5 Autoclaved aerated concrete masonry veneer 6.1.6 General design requirements 6.1.6 General design requirements 6.1.6.1 6.1.6.1 6.1.6.2 6.1.6.2 6.1.6.3 6.1.6.3
175	6.2 — Anchored veneer 6.2 — Anchored veneer 6.2.1 Alternative design of anchored masonry veneer 6.2.1 Alternative design of anchored masonry veneer 6.2.2 Prescriptive requirements for anchored masonry veneer 6.2.2 Prescriptive requirements for anchored masonry veneer 6.2.2.1 6.2.2.1 6.2.2.2 6.2.2.2 6.2.2.3 Vertical support of anchored masonry veneer 6.2.2.3 Vertical support of anchored masonry veneer 6.2.2.3.1 6.2.2.3.1 6.2.2.3.1.1 6.2.2.3.1.1 6.2.2.3.1.2 6.2.2.3.1.2
176	6.2.2.3.1.3 6.2.2.3.1.3 6.2.2.3.1.4 6.2.2.3.1.4 6.2.2.3.1.5 6.2.2.3.1.5 6.2.2.3.2 6.2.2.3.2 6.2.2.3.3 6.2.2.3.3 6.2.2.4 Masonry units 6.2.2.4 Masonry units 6.2.2.5 Anchor requirements 6.2.2.5 Anchor requirements 6.2.2.5.1 Corrugated sheet-metal anchors 6.2.2.5.1 Corrugated sheet-metal anchors 6.2.2.5.1.1 6.2.2.5.1.1
177	6.2.2.5.1.2 6.2.2.5.1.2 6.2.2.5.2 Sheet-metal anchors 6.2.2.5.2 Sheet-metal anchors 6.2.2.5.2.1 6.2.2.5.2.1 6.2.2.5.2.2 6.2.2.5.2.2 6.2.2.5.3 Wire anchors 6.2.2.5.3 Wire anchors 6.2.2.5.3.1 6.2.2.5.3.1 6.2.2.5.3.2 6.2.2.5.3.2 6.2.2.5.4 Joint reinforcement 6.2.2.5.4 Joint reinforcement 6.2.2.5.4.1 6.2.2.5.4.1
178	6.2.2.5.4.2 6.2.2.5.4.2 6.2.2.5.5 Adjustable anchors 6.2.2.5.5 Adjustable anchors 6.2.2.5.5.1 6.2.2.5.5.1 6.2.2.5.5.2 6.2.2.5.5.2 6.2.2.5.5.3 6.2.2.5.5.3 6.2.2.5.5.4 6.2.2.5.5.4 6.2.2.5.5.5 6.2.2.5.5.5 6.2.2.5.6 Anchor spacing 6.2.2.5.6 Anchor spacing 6.2.2.5.6.1 6.2.2.5.6.1 6.2.2.5.6.2 6.2.2.5.6.2 6.2.2.5.6.3 6.2.2.5.6.3 6.2.2.5.6.4 6.2.2.5.6.4 6.2.2.5.7 Joint thickness for anchors 6.2.2.5.7 Joint thickness for anchors 6.2.2.6 Masonry veneer anchored to wood backing 6.2.2.6 Masonry veneer anchored to wood backing 6.2.2.6.1 6.2.2.6.1 6.2.2.6.2 6.2.2.6.2
179	6.2.2.6.3 6.2.2.6.3 6.2.2.7 Masonry veneer anchored to steel backing 6.2.2.7 Masonry veneer anchored to steel backing 6.2.2.7.1 6.2.2.7.1 6.2.2.7.2 6.2.2.7.2 6.2.2.7.3 6.2.2.7.3 6.2.2.7.4 6.2.2.7.4 6.2.2.8 Masonry veneer anchored to masonry or concrete backing 6.2.2.8 Masonry veneer anchored to masonry or concrete backing 6.2.2.8.1 6.2.2.8.1 6.2.2.8.2 6.2.2.8.2 6.2.2.9 Veneer not laid in running bond 6.2.2.9 Veneer not laid in running bond 6.2.2.10 Requirements in seismic areas 6.2.2.10 Requirements in seismic areas 6.2.2.10.1 Seismic Design Category C 6.2.2.10.1 Seismic Design Category C 6.2.2.10.1.1 6.2.2.10.1.1 6.2.2.10.1.2 6.2.2.10.1.2 6.2.2.10.2 Seismic Design Category D 6.2.2.10.2 Seismic Design Category D 6.2.2.10.2.1 6.2.2.10.2.1
180	6.2.2.10.2.2 6.2.2.10.2.2 6.2.2.10.2.3 6.2.2.10.2.3 6.2.2.10.3 Seismic Design Categories E and F 6.2.2.10.3 Seismic Design Categories E and F 6.2.2.10.3.1 6.2.2.10.3.1 6.2.2.10.3.2 6.2.2.10.3.2 6.2.2.10.3.3 6.2.2.10.3.3 6.2.2.11 Requirements in areas of high winds 6.2.2.11 Requirements in areas of high winds
181	6.3 — Adhered veneer 6.3 — Adhered veneer 6.3.1 Alternative design of adhered masonry vene 6.3.1 Alternative design of adhered masonry vene 6.3.2 Prescriptive requirements for adhered masonry veneer 6.3.2 Prescriptive requirements for adhered masonry veneer 6.3.2.1 Unit sizes 6.3.2.1 Unit sizes 6.3.2.2 Wall area limitations 6.3.2.2 Wall area limitations 6.3.2.3 Backing 6.3.2.3 Backing 6.3.2.4 6.3.2.4
183	CHAPTER 7- GLASS UNIT MASONRY CHAPTER 7- GLASS UNIT MASONRY 7.1 — General 7.1 — General 7.1.1 Scope 7.1.1 Scope 7.1.1.1 7.1.1.1 7.1.1.2 7.1.1.2 7.1.2 General design requirements 7.1.2 General design requirements 7.1.3 Units 7.1.3 Units 7.1.3.1 7.1.3.1 7.1.3.2 7.1.3.2 7.1.3.3 7.1.3.3 7.2 — Panel size 7.2 — Panel size 7.2.1 Exterior standard-unit panels 7.2.1 Exterior standard-unit panels
185	7.2.2 Exterior thin-unit panels 7.2.2 Exterior thin-unit panels 7.2.3 Interior panels 7.2.3 Interior panels 7.2.3.1 7.2.3.1 7.2.3.2 7.2.3.2
186	7.2.4 Curved panels 7.2.4 Curved panels 7.3 — Support 7.3 — Support 7.3.1 General requirements 7.3.1 General requirements 7.3.2 Vertical 7.3.2 Vertical 7.3.2.1 7.3.2.1 7.3.2.2 7.3.2.2 7.3.2.3 7.3.2.3 7.3.3 Lateral 7.3.3 Lateral 7.3.3.1 7.3.3.1 7.3.3.2 7.3.3.2 7.3.3.3 7.3.3.3 7.3.3.4 7.3.3.4
188	7.4 — Expansion joints 7.4 — Expansion joints 7.5 — Base surface treatment 7.5 — Base surface treatment 7.6 — Mortar 7.6 — Mortar 7.7 — Reinforcement 7.7 — Reinforcement
189	CHAPTER 8- STRENGTH DESIGN OF AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE (AAC)MASONRY CHAPTER 8- STRENGTH DESIGN OF AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE (AAC)MASONRY 8.1 — General 8.1 — General 8.1.1 Scope 8.1.1 Scope 8.1.1.1 8.1.1.1 8.1.1.2 8.1.1.2 8.1.2 Required strength 8.1.2 Required strength 8.1.3 Design strength 8.1.3 Design strength 8.1.4 Strength of joints 8.1.4 Strength of joints
190	8.1.5 Strength-reduction factors 8.1.5 Strength-reduction factors 8.1.5.1 Anchor bolts 8.1.5.1 Anchor bolts 8.1.5.2 Bearing 8.1.5.2 Bearing 8.1.5.3 Combinations of flexure and axial load in unreinforced AAC masonry 8.1.5.3 Combinations of flexure and axial load in unreinforced AAC masonry 8.1.5.4 Combinations of flexure and axial load in reinforced AAC masonry 8.1.5.4 Combinations of flexure and axial load in reinforced AAC masonry 8.1.5.5 Shear 8.1.5.5 Shear 8.1.6 Deformation requirements 8.1.6 Deformation requirements 8.1.6.1 Deflection of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry 8.1.6.1 Deflection of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry
191	8.1.6.2 Deflection of reinforced AAC masonry 8.1.6.2 Deflection of reinforced AAC masonry 8.1.7 Anchor bolts 8.1.7 Anchor bolts 8.1.8 Material properties 8.1.8 Material properties 8.1.8.1 Compressive strength 8.1.8.1 Compressive strength 8.1.8.1.1 Masonry compressive strength 8.1.8.1.1 Masonry compressive strength 8.1.8.1.2 Grout compressive strength 8.1.8.1.2 Grout compressive strength 8.1.8.2 Masonry splitting tensile strength 8.1.8.2 Masonry splitting tensile strength 8.1.8.3 Masonry modulus of rupture 8.1.8.3 Masonry modulus of rupture
192	8.1.8.4 Masonry direct shear strength 8.1.8.4 Masonry direct shear strength 8.1.8.5 Coefficient of friction 8.1.8.5 Coefficient of friction 8.1.8.6 Reinforcement strength 8.1.8.6 Reinforcement strength 8.1.9 Nominal bearing strength 8.1.9 Nominal bearing strength 8.1.9.1 8.1.9.1 8.1.9.2 Bearing for simply supported precast floor and roof members on AAC masonry shear walls 8.1.9.2 Bearing for simply supported precast floor and roof members on AAC masonry shear walls
193	8.1.10 Corbels 8.1.10 Corbels 8.2 —Unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry 8.2 —Unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry 8.2.1 Scope 8.2.1 Scope 8.2.1.1 Strength for resisting loads 8.2.1.1 Strength for resisting loads 8.2.1.2 Strength contribution from reinforcement 8.2.1.2 Strength contribution from reinforcement 8.2.1.3 Design criteria 8.2.1.3 Design criteria 8.2.2 Flexural strength of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry members 8.2.2 Flexural strength of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry members
194	8.2.3 Nominal axial strength of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry members 8.2.3 Nominal axial strength of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry members 8.2.4 Axial tension 8.2.4 Axial tension 8.2.5 Nominal shear strength of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry members 8.2.5 Nominal shear strength of unreinforced (plain) AAC masonry members 8.2.6 Flexural cracking 8.2.6 Flexural cracking
195	8.3 — Reinforced AAC masonry 8.3 — Reinforced AAC masonry 8.3.1 Scope 8.3.1 Scope 8.3.2 Design assumptions 8.3.2 Design assumptions 8.3.3 Reinforcement requirements and details 8.3.3 Reinforcement requirements and details 8.3.3.1 Reinforcing bar size limitations 8.3.3.1 Reinforcing bar size limitations
196	8.3.3.2 Standard hooks 8.3.3.2 Standard hooks 8.3.3.3 Development 8.3.3.3 Development 8.3.3.3.1 Development of tension and compression reinforcement 8.3.3.3.1 Development of tension and compression reinforcement 8.3.3.3.2 Development of shear reinforcement 8.3.3.3.2 Development of shear reinforcement 8.3.3.3.2.1 8.3.3.3.2.1
197	8.3.3.3.2.2 8.3.3.3.2.2 8.3.3.4 Splices 8.3.3.4 Splices 8.3.3.5 Maximum reinforcement percentages 8.3.3.5 Maximum reinforcement percentages 8.3.3.6 Bundling of reinforcing bars 8.3.3.6 Bundling of reinforcing bars 8.3.4 Design of beams, piers, and columns 8.3.4 Design of beams, piers, and columns 8.3.4.1 Nominal strength 8.3.4.1 Nominal strength 8.3.4.1.1 Nominal axial and flexural strength 8.3.4.1.1 Nominal axial and flexural strength
198	8.3.4.1.2 Nominal shear strength 8.3.4.1.2 Nominal shear strength 8.3.4.1.2.1 Nominal masonry shear strength as governed by web-shear cracking 8.3.4.1.2.1 Nominal masonry shear strength as governed by web-shear cracking
199	8.3.4.1.2.2 Nominal shear strength as governed by crushing of diagonal compressive strut 8.3.4.1.2.2 Nominal shear strength as governed by crushing of diagonal compressive strut 8.3.4.1.2.3 Nominal shear strength provided by shear reinforcement 8.3.4.1.2.3 Nominal shear strength provided by shear reinforcement
200	8.3.4.1.2.4 8.3.4.1.2.4 8.3.4.2 Beams 8.3.4.2 Beams 8.3.4.2.1 8.3.4.2.1 8.3.4.2.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 8.3.4.2.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 8.3.4.2.2.1 8.3.4.2.2.1 8.3.4.2.2.2 8.3.4.2.2.2 8.3.4.2.3 Transverse reinforcement 8.3.4.2.3 Transverse reinforcement 8.3.4.2.4 Construction 8.3.4.2.4 Construction 8.3.4.2.5 Dimensional limits 8.3.4.2.5 Dimensional limits 8.3.4.3 Piers 8.3.4.3 Piers 8.3.4.3.1 8.3.4.3.1
201	8.3.4.3.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 8.3.4.3.2 Longitudinal reinforcement 8.3.4.3.3 Dimensional limits 8.3.4.3.3 Dimensional limits 8.3.5 Wall design for out-of-plane loads 8.3.5 Wall design for out-of-plane loads 8.3.5.1 Scope 8.3.5.1 Scope 8.3.5.2 Maximum reinforcement 8.3.5.2 Maximum reinforcement 8.3.5.3 Moment and deflection calculations 8.3.5.3 Moment and deflection calculations
202	8.3.5.4 Walls with factored axial stress of 0.20 f ¢AAC or less 8.3.5.4 Walls with factored axial stress of 0.20 f ¢AAC or less 8.3.5.5 Deflections 8.3.5.5 Deflections
203	8.3.6 Wall design for in-plane loads 8.3.6 Wall design for in-plane loads 8.3.6.1 Scope 8.3.6.1 Scope 8.3.6.2 Reinforcement 8.3.6.2 Reinforcement 8.3.6.3 Flexural and axial strength 8.3.6.3 Flexural and axial strength 8.3.6.4 Shear strength 8.3.6.4 Shear strength 8.3.6.5 Flexural cracking strength 8.3.6.5 Flexural cracking strength
204	8.3.6.6 8.3.6.6 8.3.6.6.1 8.3.6.6.1 8.3.6.6.2 8.3.6.6.2 8.3.6.6.3 8.3.6.6.3 8.3.6.6.4 8.3.6.6.4
206	APPENDIX A APPENDIX A
207	APPENDIX B- DESIGN OF MASONRY INFILL APPENDIX B- DESIGN OF MASONRY INFILL B.1 — General B.1 — General B.1.1 Scope B.1.1 Scope B.1.1.1 B.1.1.1 B.1.1.2 B.1.1.2 B.1.2 Required strength B.1.2 Required strength
208	B.1.3 Design strength B.1.3 Design strength B.1.4 Strength-reduction factors B.1.4 Strength-reduction factors B.1.5 Limitations B.1.5 Limitations B.2 — Non-participating infills B.2 — Non-participating infills B.2.1 In-plane isolation joints for non-participating infills B.2.1 In-plane isolation joints for non-participating infills B.2.1.1 B.2.1.1 B.2.1.2 B.2.1.2 B.2.1.3 B.2.1.3 B.2.2 Design of non-participating infills for out-of planeloads B.2.2 Design of non-participating infills for out-of planeloads B.2.2.1 B.2.2.1 B.2.2.2 B.2.2.2
209	B.2.2.3 B.2.2.3 B.2.2.4 B.2.2.4 B.2.2.5 B.2.2.5 B.3 — Participating infills B.3 — Participating infills B.3.1 General B.3.1 General B.3.1.1 B.3.1.1 B.3.1.2 B.3.1.2 B.3.1.2.1 B.3.1.2.1 B.3.1.2.2 B.3.1.2.2 B.3.2 In-plane connection requirements for participating infills B.3.2 In-plane connection requirements for participating infills
210	B.3.3 Out-of-plane connection requirements for participating infills B.3.3 Out-of-plane connection requirements for participating infills B.3.3.1 B.3.3.1 B.3.3.2 B.3.3.2 B.3.3.3 B.3.3.3 B.3.4 Design of participating infills for in-plane forces B.3.4 Design of participating infills for in-plane forces B.3.4.1 B.3.4.1 B.3.4.2 B.3.4.2 B.3.4.3 B.3.4.3
211	B.3.5 Design of frame elements with participating infills for in-plane loads B.3.5 Design of frame elements with participating infills for in-plane loads B.3.5.1 B.3.5.1 B.3.5.2 B.3.5.2 B.3.5.3 B.3.5.3 B.3.6 Design of participating infills for out-of-plane forces B.3.6 Design of participating infills for out-of-plane forces
215	CONVERSION OF INCH-POUND UNITS TO SI UNITS CONVERSION OF INCH-POUND UNITS TO SI UNITS
227	REFERENCES FOR THE CODE COMMENTARY REFERENCES FOR THE CODE COMMENTARY References, Chapter 1 References, Chapter 1
229	References, Chapter 2 References, Chapter 2
231	References, Chapter 3 References, Chapter 3
235	References, Chapter 4 References, Chapter 4
236	References, Chapter 5 References, Chapter 5 References, Chapter 6 References, Chapter 6
237	References, Chapter 7 References, Chapter 7 References, Chapter 8 References, Chapter 8
238	References, Appendix B References, Appendix B
241	530.1-11 Specification for Masonry Structures and Commentary 530.1-11 Specification for Masonry Structures and Commentary TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS
243	SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS
245	PREFACE/ INTRODUCTION PREFACE/ INTRODUCTION
247	PART 1 — GENERAL PART 1 — GENERAL 1.1 — Summary 1.1 — Summary 1.1 A. 1.1 A. 1.1 B. 1.1 B. 1.1 C. 1.1 C. 1.2 — Definitions 1.2 — Definitions
252	1.3 — Reference standards 1.3 — Reference standards
257	1.4 — System description 1.4 — System description 1.4 A. Compressive strength requirements 1.4 A. Compressive strength requirements 1.4 B. Compressive strength determination 1.4 B. Compressive strength determination
263	1.4 C. Adhered veneer requirements 1.4 C. Adhered veneer requirements
264	1.5 — Submittals 1.5 — Submittals 1.5 A. 1.5 A. 1.5 B. 1.5 B.
265	1.6 — Quality assurance 1.6 — Quality assurance 1.6 A. Testing Agency’s services and duties 1.6 A. Testing Agency’s services and duties
269	1.6 B. Inspection Agency’s services and duties 1.6 B. Inspection Agency’s services and duties 1.6 C. Contractor’s services and duties 1.6 C. Contractor’s services and duties
270	1.6 D. Sample panels 1.6 D. Sample panels 1.6 E. Grout demonstration panel 1.6 E. Grout demonstration panel 1.7 — Delivery, storage, and handling 1.7 — Delivery, storage, and handling 1.7 A. 1.7 A. 1.7 B. 1.7 B. 1.7 C. 1.7 C. 1.7 D. 1.7 D. 1.7 E. 1.7 E. 1.8 — Project conditions 1.8 — Project conditions 1.8 A. Construction loads 1.8 A. Construction loads 1.8 B. Masonry protection 1.8 B. Masonry protection 1.8 C. Cold weather construction 1.8 C. Cold weather construction
273	1.8 D. Hot weather construction 1.8 D. Hot weather construction
275	PART 2 — PRODUCTS PART 2 — PRODUCTS 2.1 — Mortar materials 2.1 — Mortar materials 2.1 A. 2.1 A.
277	2.1 B. Glass unit masonry 2.1 B. Glass unit masonry 2.1 C. AAC Masonry 2.1 C. AAC Masonry
278	2.2 — Grout materials 2.2 — Grout materials 2.2 A. 2.2 A. 2.2 B. 2.2 B. 2.2 C. 2.2 C. 2.3 — Masonry unit materials 2.3 — Masonry unit materials 2.3 A. 2.3 A.
279	2.3 B. 2.3 B.
280	2.3 C. 2.3 C. 2.3 D. 2.3 D.
281	2.3 E. 2.3 E. 2.4 — Reinforcement, prestressing tendons, and metal accessories 2.4 — Reinforcement, prestressing tendons, and metal accessories 2.4 A. Reinforcing steel 2.4 A. Reinforcing steel
282	2.4 B. Prestressing tendons 2.4 B. Prestressing tendons 2.4 C. Joint reinforcement 2.4 C. Joint reinforcement 2.4 D. Anchors, ties, and accessories 2.4 D. Anchors, ties, and accessories
283	2.4 E. Stainless steel 2.4 E. Stainless steel 2.4 F. Coatings for corrosion protection 2.4 F. Coatings for corrosion protection
284	2.4 G. Corrosion protection for tendons 2.4 G. Corrosion protection for tendons
286	2.4 H. Prestressing anchorages, couplers, and end blocks 2.4 H. Prestressing anchorages, couplers, and end blocks
288	2.5 — Accessories 2.5 — Accessories 2.5 A. 2.5 A. 2.5 B. 2.5 B. 2.5 C. Asphalt emulsion 2.5 C. Asphalt emulsion
289	2.5 D. Masonry cleaner 2.5 D. Masonry cleaner 2.5 E. Joint fillers 2.5 E. Joint fillers
290	2.6 — Mixing 2.6 — Mixing 2.6 A. Mortar 2.6 A. Mortar
291	2.6 B. Grout 2.6 B. Grout
292	2.6 C. Thin-bed mortar for AAC 2.6 C. Thin-bed mortar for AAC 2.7 — Fabrication 2.7 — Fabrication 2.7 A. Reinforcement 2.7 A. Reinforcement
293	2.7 B. Prefabricated masonry 2.7 B. Prefabricated masonry
295	PART 3 — EXECUTION PART 3 — EXECUTION 3.1 — Inspection 3.1 — Inspection 3.1 A. 3.1 A. 3.1 B. 3.1 B.
296	3.2 — Preparation 3.2 — Preparation 3.2 A. 3.2 A. 3.2 B. 3.2 B. 3.2 C. Wetting masonry units 3.2 C. Wetting masonry units 3.2 D. Debris 3.2 D. Debris 3.2 E. Reinforcement 3.2 E. Reinforcement 3.2 F. Cleanouts 3.2 F. Cleanouts
297	3.3 — Masonry erection 3.3 — Masonry erection 3.3 A. Bond pattern 3.3 A. Bond pattern 3.3 B. Placing mortar and units 3.3 B. Placing mortar and units
299	3.3 C. Placing adhered veneer 3.3 C. Placing adhered veneer
300	3.3 D. Embedded items and accessories 3.3 D. Embedded items and accessories 3.3 E. Bracing of masonry 3.3 E. Bracing of masonry 3.3 F. Site tolerances 3.3 F. Site tolerances
302	3.4 — Reinforcement, tie, and anchor installation 3.4 — Reinforcement, tie, and anchor installation 3.4 A. Basic requirements 3.4 A. Basic requirements 3.4 B. Reinforcement 3.4 B. Reinforcement
306	3.4 C. Wall ties 3.4 C. Wall ties
307	3.4 D. Anchor bolts 3.4 D. Anchor bolts
308	3.4 E. Veneer anchors 3.4 E. Veneer anchors
309	3.4 F. Glass unit masonry panel anchors 3.4 F. Glass unit masonry panel anchors 3.5 — Grout placement 3.5 — Grout placement 3.5 A. Placing time 3.5 A. Placing time 3.5 B. Confinement 3.5 B. Confinement
310	3.5 C. Grout pour height 3.5 C. Grout pour height
311	3.5 D. Grout lift height 3.5 D. Grout lift height 3.5 E. Consolidation 3.5 E. Consolidation
312	3.5 F. Grout key 3.5 F. Grout key 3.5 G. Alternate grout placement 3.5 G. Alternate grout placement 3.5 H. Grout for AAC masonry 3.5 H. Grout for AAC masonry
313	3.6 — Prestressing tendon installation and stressing procedure 3.6 — Prestressing tendon installation and stressing procedure 3.6 A. Site tolerances 3.6 A. Site tolerances 3.6 B. Application and measurement of prestressing force 3.6 B. Application and measurement of prestressing force
314	3.6 C. Grouting bonded tendons 3.6 C. Grouting bonded tendons 3.6 D. Burning and welding operations 3.6 D. Burning and welding operations 3.7 — Field quality control 3.7 — Field quality control 3.7 A. 3.7 A. 3.7 B. 3.7 B. 3.8 — Cleaning 3.8 — Cleaning
315	FOREWORD TO SPECIFICATION CHECKLISTS FOREWORD TO SPECIFICATION CHECKLISTS SPECIFICATION SPECIFICATION
316	MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
317	MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST (Continued) MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST (Continued)
318	OPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST OPTIONAL REQUIREMENTS CHECKLIST
321	REFERENCES FOR THE SPECIFICATION COMMENTARY REFERENCES FOR THE SPECIFICATION COMMENTARY References, Part 1 References, Part 1
322	References, Part 2 References, Part 2
323	References, Part 3 References, Part 3
325	INDEX INDEX
340	Errata Errata

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Standard Title	530/530.1-11: Building Code Requirements and Specification for Masonry Structures and Related Commentaries
Published Code	ACI
Publication Date	2011
Pages Count	340

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