ASCE 7 05 2005

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ASCE Standard 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures with Supplement No. 1

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASCE	2005	419

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Description

The new ASCE Standard 7-05 Standard (including Supplement No.1) provides requirements for general structural design and includes means for determining dead, live, soil, flood, wind, snow, rain, atmospheric ice, and earthquake loads, and their combinations that are suitable for inclusion in building codes and other documents. A detailed commentary containing explanatory and supplementary information to assist users of ASCE 7-05 is included. This ASCE 7-05 edition is a complete revision of ASCE 7-02. The new Standard includes revised and significantly reorganized provisions for seismic design of structures, as well as revisions in the provisions for determining live, flood, wind, snow, and atmospheric ice loads. The inclusion of Supplement No. 1 into ASCE 7-05 ensures that there is full and complete coordination between the 2006 International Building Code and ASCE 7-05. The updates which comprised Supplement No. 1 are seamlessly integrated into the 7-05 volume, and are not available anywhere else. ASCE 7-05 is an integral part of the building codes of the United States. The earthquake load provisions in ASCE 7-05 are substantially adopted by reference in the 2006 International Building Code and the 2006 NFPA 5000 Building Construction and Safety Code. Numerous other provisions of all other ASCE 7-05 sections are also adopted by reference by both model building codes including the provisions for calculating wind loads and snow loads. Structural engineers, architects, and those engaged in preparing and administering local building codes will find the structural load requirements essential to their practice.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
2	Introductory Material Introductory Material
9	Contents Contents
30	1 General 1 General 1.1 Scope 1.1 Scope 1.2 Definitions 1.2 Definitions 1.3 Basic Requirements 1.3 Basic Requirements 1.3.1 Strength. 1.3.1 Strength. 1.3.2 Serviceability. 1.3.2 Serviceability.
31	1.3.3 Self-Straining Forces. 1.3.3 Self-Straining Forces. 1.3.4 Analysis. 1.3.4 Analysis. 1.3.5 Counteracting Structural Actions 1.3.5 Counteracting Structural Actions 1.4 General Structural Integrity 1.4 General Structural Integrity 1.5 Classification of Buildings and Other Structures 1.5 Classification of Buildings and Other Structures 1.5.1 Nature of Occupancy 1.5.1 Nature of Occupancy 1.5.2 Toxic, Highly Toxic, and Explosive Substances 1.5.2 Toxic, Highly Toxic, and Explosive Substances 1.6 Additions and Alterations to Existing Structures 1.6 Additions and Alterations to Existing Structures
32	1.7 Load Tests 1.7 Load Tests 1.8 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents 1.8 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents
34	2 Combinations of Loads 2 Combinations of Loads 2.1 General 2.1 General 2.2 Symbols and Notation 2.2 Symbols and Notation 2.3 Combining Factored Loads Using Strength Design 2.3 Combining Factored Loads Using Strength Design 2.3.1 Applicability 2.3.1 Applicability 2.3.2 Basic Combinations 2.3.2 Basic Combinations 2.3.3 Load Combinations Including Flood Load 2.3.3 Load Combinations Including Flood Load 2.3.4 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads 2.3.4 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads 2.4 Combining Nominal Loads Using Allowable Stress Design 2.4 Combining Nominal Loads Using Allowable Stress Design 2.4.1 Basic Combinations 2.4.1 Basic Combinations
35	2.4.2 Load Combinations Including Flood Load 2.4.2 Load Combinations Including Flood Load 2.4.3 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads 2.4.3 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads 2.5 Load Combinations for Extraordinary Events 2.5 Load Combinations for Extraordinary Events
36	3 Dead Loads, Soil Loads, and Hydrostatic Pressure 3 Dead Loads, Soil Loads, and Hydrostatic Pressure 3.1 Dead Loads 3.1 Dead Loads 3.1.1 Definition 3.1.1 Definition 3.1.2 Weights of Materials and Constructions 3.1.2 Weights of Materials and Constructions 3.1.3 Weight of Fixed Service Equipment 3.1.3 Weight of Fixed Service Equipment 3.2 Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure 3.2 Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure 3.2.1 Lateral Pressures 3.2.1 Lateral Pressures 3.2.2 Uplift on Floors and Foundations 3.2.2 Uplift on Floors and Foundations
38	4 Live Loads 4 Live Loads 4.1 Definitions 4.1 Definitions 4.2 Uniformly Distributed Loads 4.2 Uniformly Distributed Loads 4.2.1 Required Live Loads 4.2.1 Required Live Loads 4.2.2 Provision for Partitions 4.2.2 Provision for Partitions 4.3 Concentrated Loads 4.3 Concentrated Loads 4.4 Loads on Handrails, Guardrail Systems, Grab Bar Systems, Vehicle Barrier Systems, and Fixed Ladders 4.4 Loads on Handrails, Guardrail Systems, Grab Bar Systems, Vehicle Barrier Systems, and Fixed Ladders 4.4.1 Loads on Handrails and Guardrail Systems 4.4.1 Loads on Handrails and Guardrail Systems 4.4.2 Loads on Grab Bar Systems 4.4.2 Loads on Grab Bar Systems 4.4.3 Loads on Vehicle Barrier Systems 4.4.3 Loads on Vehicle Barrier Systems 4.4.4 Loads on Fixed Ladders 4.4.4 Loads on Fixed Ladders
39	4.5 Loads Not Specified 4.5 Loads Not Specified 4.6 Partial Loading 4.6 Partial Loading 4.7 Impact Loads 4.7 Impact Loads 4.7.1 Elevators 4.7.1 Elevators 4.7.2 Machinery 4.7.2 Machinery 4.8 Reduction in Live Loads 4.8 Reduction in Live Loads 4.8.1 General 4.8.1 General 4.8.2 Heavy Live Loads 4.8.2 Heavy Live Loads 4.8.3 Passenger Car Garages 4.8.3 Passenger Car Garages 4.8.4 Special Occupancies 4.8.4 Special Occupancies 4.8.5 Limitations on One-Way Slabs 4.8.5 Limitations on One-Way Slabs 4.9 Reduction in Roof Live Loads 4.9 Reduction in Roof Live Loads 4.9.1 Flat, Pitched, and Curved Roofs 4.9.1 Flat, Pitched, and Curved Roofs
40	4.9.2 Special Purpose Roofs 4.9.2 Special Purpose Roofs 4.10 Crane Loads 4.10 Crane Loads 4.10.1 Maximum Wheel Load 4.10.1 Maximum Wheel Load 4.10.2 Vertical Impact Force 4.10.2 Vertical Impact Force 4.10.3 Lateral Force 4.10.3 Lateral Force 4.10.4 Longitudinal Force 4.10.4 Longitudinal Force 4.11 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents 4.11 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents
44	5 Flood Loads 5 Flood Loads 5.1 General 5.1 General 5.2 Definitions 5.2 Definitions 5.3 Design Requirements 5.3 Design Requirements 5.3.1 Design Loads 5.3.1 Design Loads 5.3.2 Erosion and Scour 5.3.2 Erosion and Scour 5.3.3 Loads on Breakaway Walls 5.3.3 Loads on Breakaway Walls 5.4 Loads During Flooding 5.4 Loads During Flooding 5.4.1 Load Basis. 5.4.1 Load Basis. 5.4.2 Hydrostatic Loads 5.4.2 Hydrostatic Loads
45	5.4.3 Hydrodynamic Loads 5.4.3 Hydrodynamic Loads 5.4.4 Wave Loads 5.4.4 Wave Loads
46	5.4.5 Impact Loads 5.4.5 Impact Loads 5.5 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents 5.5 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents
50	6 Wind Loads 6 Wind Loads 6.1 General 6.1 General 6.1.1 Scope 6.1.1 Scope 6.1.2 Allowed Procedures 6.1.2 Allowed Procedures 6.1.3 Wind Pressures Acting on Opposite Faces of Each Building Surface 6.1.3 Wind Pressures Acting on Opposite Faces of Each Building Surface 6.1.4 Minimum Design Wind Loading 6.1.4 Minimum Design Wind Loading 6.2 Definitions 6.2 Definitions
51	6.3 Symbols and Notation 6.3 Symbols and Notation
52	6.4 Method 1—Simplified Procedure 6.4 Method 1—Simplified Procedure 6.4.1 Scope 6.4.1 Scope
53	6.4.2 Design Procedure 6.4.2 Design Procedure 6.4.3 Air Permeable Cladding 6.4.3 Air Permeable Cladding 6.5 Method 2—Analytical Procedure 6.5 Method 2—Analytical Procedure 6.5.1 Scope 6.5.1 Scope 6.5.2 Limitations 6.5.2 Limitations
54	6.5.3 Design Procedure 6.5.3 Design Procedure 6.5.4 Basic Wind Speed 6.5.4 Basic Wind Speed 6.5.5 Importance Factor 6.5.5 Importance Factor 6.5.6 Exposure 6.5.6 Exposure
55	6.5.7 Topographic Effects 6.5.7 Topographic Effects 6.5.8 Gust Effect Factor 6.5.8 Gust Effect Factor
56	6.5.9 Enclosure Classifications 6.5.9 Enclosure Classifications 6.5.10 Velocity Pressure 6.5.10 Velocity Pressure 6.5.11 Pressure and Force Coefficients 6.5.11 Pressure and Force Coefficients
57	6.5.12 Design Wind Loads on Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Buildings 6.5.12 Design Wind Loads on Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Buildings
58	6.5.13 Design Wind Loads on Open Buildings with Monoslope, Pitched, or Troughed Roofs 6.5.13 Design Wind Loads on Open Buildings with Monoslope, Pitched, or Troughed Roofs 6.5.14 Design Wind Loads on Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Signs 6.5.14 Design Wind Loads on Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Signs 6.5.15 Design Wind Loads on Other Structures 6.5.15 Design Wind Loads on Other Structures
59	6.6 Method 3—Wind Tunnel Procedure 6.6 Method 3—Wind Tunnel Procedure 6.6.1 Scope 6.6.1 Scope 6.6.2 Test Conditions 6.6.2 Test Conditions 6.6.3 Dynamic Response 6.6.3 Dynamic Response 6.6.4 Limitations 6.6.4 Limitations 6.6.5 Wind-Borne Debris 6.6.5 Wind-Borne Debris 6.7 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents 6.7 Consensus Standards and Other Referenced Documents
110	7 Snow Loads 7 Snow Loads 7.1 Symbols and Notation 7.1 Symbols and Notation 7.2 Ground Snow Loads, pg 7.2 Ground Snow Loads, pg 7.3 Flat Roof Snow Loads, p f 7.3 Flat Roof Snow Loads, p f 7.3.1 Exposure Factor, Ce. 7.3.1 Exposure Factor, Ce. 7.3.2 Thermal Factor, Ct . 7.3.2 Thermal Factor, Ct . 7.3.3 Importance Factor, I 7.3.3 Importance Factor, I 7.3.4 Minimum Values of p f for Low-Slope Roofs 7.3.4 Minimum Values of p f for Low-Slope Roofs 7.4 Sloped Roof Snow Loads, ps 7.4 Sloped Roof Snow Loads, ps 7.4.1 Warm Roof Slope Factor, Cs 7.4.1 Warm Roof Slope Factor, Cs
111	7.4.2 Cold Roof Slope Factor, Cs 7.4.2 Cold Roof Slope Factor, Cs 7.4.3 Roof Slope Factor for Curved Roofs 7.4.3 Roof Slope Factor for Curved Roofs 7.4.4 Roof Slope Factor for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs 7.4.4 Roof Slope Factor for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs 7.4.5 Ice Dams and Icicles Along Eaves 7.4.5 Ice Dams and Icicles Along Eaves 7.5 Partial Loading 7.5 Partial Loading 7.5.1 Continuous Beam Systems 7.5.1 Continuous Beam Systems 7.5.2 Other Structural Systems 7.5.2 Other Structural Systems 7.6 Unbalanced Roof Snow Loads 7.6 Unbalanced Roof Snow Loads 7.6.1 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Hip and Gable Roofs 7.6.1 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Hip and Gable Roofs 7.6.2 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Curved Roofs 7.6.2 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Curved Roofs 7.6.3 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs. 7.6.3 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs. 7.6.4 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Dome Roofs 7.6.4 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Dome Roofs 7.7 Drifts on Lower Roofs (Aerodynamic Shade) 7.7 Drifts on Lower Roofs (Aerodynamic Shade)
112	7.7.1 Lower Roof of a Structure 7.7.1 Lower Roof of a Structure 7.7.2 Adjacent Structures and Terrain Features 7.7.2 Adjacent Structures and Terrain Features 7.8 Roof Projections 7.8 Roof Projections 7.9 Sliding Snow 7.9 Sliding Snow 7.10 Rain-on-Snow Surcharge Load 7.10 Rain-on-Snow Surcharge Load 7.11 Ponding Instability 7.11 Ponding Instability 7.12 Existing Roofs 7.12 Existing Roofs
124	8 Rain Loads 8 Rain Loads 8.1 Symbols and Notation 8.1 Symbols and Notation 8.2 Roof Drainage 8.2 Roof Drainage 8.3 Design Rain Loads 8.3 Design Rain Loads 8.4 Ponding Instability 8.4 Ponding Instability 8.5 Controlled Drainage 8.5 Controlled Drainage
126	9 Reserved for Future Provisions 9 Reserved for Future Provisions
128	10 Ice Loads—Atmospheric Icing 10 Ice Loads—Atmospheric Icing 10.1 General 10.1 General 10.1.1 Site-Specific Studies 10.1.1 Site-Specific Studies 10.1.2 Dynamic Loads 10.1.2 Dynamic Loads 10.1.3 Exclusions 10.1.3 Exclusions 10.2 Definitions 10.2 Definitions 10.3 Symbols and Notation 10.3 Symbols and Notation
129	10.4 Ice Loads Due to Freezing Rain 10.4 Ice Loads Due to Freezing Rain 10.4.1 Ice Weight 10.4.1 Ice Weight 10.4.2 Nominal Ice Thickness 10.4.2 Nominal Ice Thickness 10.4.3 Height Factor 10.4.3 Height Factor 10.4.4 Importance Factors 10.4.4 Importance Factors 10.4.5 Topographic Factor 10.4.5 Topographic Factor 10.4.6 Design Ice Thickness for Freezing Rain 10.4.6 Design Ice Thickness for Freezing Rain 10.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Structures 10.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Structures 10.5.1 Wind on Ice-Covered Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures 10.5.1 Wind on Ice-Covered Chimneys, Tanks, and Similar Structures 10.5.2 Wind on Ice-Covered Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Signs 10.5.2 Wind on Ice-Covered Solid Freestanding Walls and Solid Signs 10.5.3 Wind on Ice-Covered Open Signs and Lattice Frameworks 10.5.3 Wind on Ice-Covered Open Signs and Lattice Frameworks 10.5.4 Wind on Ice-Covered Trussed Towers 10.5.4 Wind on Ice-Covered Trussed Towers 10.5.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Guys and Cables 10.5.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Guys and Cables 10.6 Partial Loading 10.6 Partial Loading
130	10.7 Design Procedure 10.7 Design Procedure 10.8 Consensus Standards and other Referenced Documents 10.8 Consensus Standards and other Referenced Documents
138	11 Seismic Design Criteria 11 Seismic Design Criteria 11.1 General 11.1 General 11.1.1 Purpose 11.1.1 Purpose 11.1.2 Scope 11.1.2 Scope 11.1.3 Applicability 11.1.3 Applicability 11.1.4 Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction 11.1.4 Alternate Materials and Methods of Construction 11.2 Definitions 11.2 Definitions
141	11.3 Notation 11.3 Notation
144	11.4 Seismic Ground Motion Values 11.4 Seismic Ground Motion Values 11.4.1 Mapped Acceleration Parameters 11.4.1 Mapped Acceleration Parameters 11.4.2 Site Class 11.4.2 Site Class 11.4.3 Site Coefficients and Adjusted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) Spectral Response Acceleration Parameters 11.4.3 Site Coefficients and Adjusted Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE) Spectral Response Acceleration Parameters 11.4.4 Design Spectral Acceleration Parameters 11.4.4 Design Spectral Acceleration Parameters 11.4.5 Design Response Spectrum 11.4.5 Design Response Spectrum
145	11.4.6 MCE Response Spectrum 11.4.6 MCE Response Spectrum 11.4.7 Site-Specific Ground Motion Procedures 11.4.7 Site-Specific Ground Motion Procedures 11.5 Importance Factor and Occupancy Category 11.5 Importance Factor and Occupancy Category 11.5.1 Importance Factor 11.5.1 Importance Factor 11.5.2 Protected Access for Occupancy Category IV 11.5.2 Protected Access for Occupancy Category IV 11.6 Seismic Design Category 11.6 Seismic Design Category 11.7 Design Requirements for Seismic Design Category A 11.7 Design Requirements for Seismic Design Category A 11.7.1 Applicability of Seismic Requirements for Seismic Design Category A Structures 11.7.1 Applicability of Seismic Requirements for Seismic Design Category A Structures
146	11.7.2 Lateral Forces 11.7.2 Lateral Forces 11.7.3 Load Path Connections 11.7.3 Load Path Connections 11.7.4 Connection to Supports 11.7.4 Connection to Supports 11.7.5 Anchorage of Concrete or Masonry Walls 11.7.5 Anchorage of Concrete or Masonry Walls 11.8 Geologic Hazards and Geotechnical Investigation 11.8 Geologic Hazards and Geotechnical Investigation 11.8.1 Site Limitation for Seismic Design Categories E and F 11.8.1 Site Limitation for Seismic Design Categories E and F 11.8.2 Geotechnical Investigation Report for Seismic Design Categories C through F 11.8.2 Geotechnical Investigation Report for Seismic Design Categories C through F 11.8.3 Additional Geotechnical Investigation Report Requirements for Seismic Design Categories D through F 11.8.3 Additional Geotechnical Investigation Report Requirements for Seismic Design Categories D through F
148	12 Seismic Design Requirements for Building Structures 12 Seismic Design Requirements for Building Structures 12.1 Structural Design Basis 12.1 Structural Design Basis 12.1.1 Basic Requirements 12.1.1 Basic Requirements 12.1.2 Member Design, Connection Design, and Deformation Limit 12.1.2 Member Design, Connection Design, and Deformation Limit 12.1.3 Continuous Load Path and Interconnection 12.1.3 Continuous Load Path and Interconnection 12.1.4 Connection to Supports 12.1.4 Connection to Supports 12.1.5 Foundation Design 12.1.5 Foundation Design 12.1.6 Material Design and Detailing Requirements 12.1.6 Material Design and Detailing Requirements 12.2 Structural System Selection 12.2 Structural System Selection 12.2.1 Selection and Limitations 12.2.1 Selection and Limitations 12.2.2 Combinations of Framing Systems in Different Directions 12.2.2 Combinations of Framing Systems in Different Directions 12.2.3 Combinations of Framing Systems in the Same Direction 12.2.3 Combinations of Framing Systems in the Same Direction
152	12.2.4 Combination Framing Detailing Requirements 12.2.4 Combination Framing Detailing Requirements 12.2.5 System Specific Requirements 12.2.5 System Specific Requirements
153	12.3 Diaphragm Flexibility, Configuration Irregularities, and Redundancy 12.3 Diaphragm Flexibility, Configuration Irregularities, and Redundancy 12.3.1 Diaphragm Flexibility 12.3.1 Diaphragm Flexibility 12.3.2 Irregular and Regular Classification 12.3.2 Irregular and Regular Classification 12.3.3 Limitations and Additional Requirements for Systems with Structural Irregularities 12.3.3 Limitations and Additional Requirements for Systems with Structural Irregularities
154	12.3.4 Redundancy 12.3.4 Redundancy
155	12.4 Seismic Load Effects and Combinations 12.4 Seismic Load Effects and Combinations 12.4.1 Applicability 12.4.1 Applicability 12.4.2 Seismic Load Effect 12.4.2 Seismic Load Effect
156	12.4.3 Seismic Load Effect Including Overstrength Factor 12.4.3 Seismic Load Effect Including Overstrength Factor 12.4.4 Minimum Upward Force for Horizontal Cantilevers for Seismic Design Categories D through F 12.4.4 Minimum Upward Force for Horizontal Cantilevers for Seismic Design Categories D through F 12.5 Direction of Loading 12.5 Direction of Loading 12.5.1 Direction of Loading Criteria 12.5.1 Direction of Loading Criteria 12.5.2 Seismic Design Category B 12.5.2 Seismic Design Category B 12.5.3 Seismic Design Category 12.5.3 Seismic Design Category
157	12.5.4 Seismic Design Categories D through F 12.5.4 Seismic Design Categories D through F 12.6 Analysis Procedure Selection 12.6 Analysis Procedure Selection 12.7 Modeling Criteria 12.7 Modeling Criteria 12.7.1 Foundation Modeling 12.7.1 Foundation Modeling 12.7.2 Effective Seismic Weight 12.7.2 Effective Seismic Weight 12.7.3 Structural Modeling 12.7.3 Structural Modeling
158	12.7.4 Interaction Effects 12.7.4 Interaction Effects 12.8 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 12.8 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 12.8.1 Seismic Base Shear 12.8.1 Seismic Base Shear 12.8.2 Period Determination 12.8.2 Period Determination
159	12.8.3 Vertical Distribution of Seismic Forces 12.8.3 Vertical Distribution of Seismic Forces 12.8.4 Horizontal Distribution of Forces 12.8.4 Horizontal Distribution of Forces 12.8.5 Overturning 12.8.5 Overturning 12.8.6 Story Drift Determination 12.8.6 Story Drift Determination
160	12.8.7 P-Delta Effects 12.8.7 P-Delta Effects
161	12.9 Modal Response Spectrum Analysis 12.9 Modal Response Spectrum Analysis 12.9.1 Number of Modes 12.9.1 Number of Modes 12.9.2 Modal Response Parameters 12.9.2 Modal Response Parameters 12.9.3 Combined Response Parameters 12.9.3 Combined Response Parameters 12.9.4 Scaling Design Values of Combined Response 12.9.4 Scaling Design Values of Combined Response 12.9.5 Horizontal Shear Distribution 12.9.5 Horizontal Shear Distribution 12.9.6 P-Delta Effects 12.9.6 P-Delta Effects 12.9.7 Soil Structure Interaction Reduction 12.9.7 Soil Structure Interaction Reduction 12.10 Diaphragms, Chords, and Collectors 12.10 Diaphragms, Chords, and Collectors 12.10.1 Diaphragm Design 12.10.1 Diaphragm Design
162	12.10.2 Collector Elements 12.10.2 Collector Elements 12.11 Structural Walls and Their Anchorage 12.11 Structural Walls and Their Anchorage 12.11.1 Design for Out-of-Plane Forces 12.11.1 Design for Out-of-Plane Forces 12.11.2 Anchorage of Concrete or Masonry Structural Walls 12.11.2 Anchorage of Concrete or Masonry Structural Walls
163	12.12 Drift and Deformation 12.12 Drift and Deformation 12.12.1 Story Drift Limit 12.12.1 Story Drift Limit 12.12.2 Diaphragm Deflection 12.12.2 Diaphragm Deflection 12.12.3 Building Separation 12.12.3 Building Separation 12.12.4 Deformation Compatibility for Seismic Design Categories D through F 12.12.4 Deformation Compatibility for Seismic Design Categories D through F 12.13 Foundation Design 12.13 Foundation Design 12.13.1 Design Basis 12.13.1 Design Basis 12.13.2 Materials of Construction 12.13.2 Materials of Construction 12.13.3 Foundation Load-Deformation Characteristics 12.13.3 Foundation Load-Deformation Characteristics 12.13.4 Reduction of Foundation Overturning 12.13.4 Reduction of Foundation Overturning
164	12.13.5 Requirements for Structures Assigned to Seismic Design Category C 12.13.5 Requirements for Structures Assigned to Seismic Design Category C 12.13.6 Requirements for Structures Assigned to Seismic Design Categories D through F 12.13.6 Requirements for Structures Assigned to Seismic Design Categories D through F 12.14 Simplified Alternative Structural Design Criteria for Simple Bearing Wall or Building Frame Systems 12.14 Simplified Alternative Structural Design Criteria for Simple Bearing Wall or Building Frame Systems 12.14.1 General 12.14.1 General
167	12.14.2 Design Basis 12.14.2 Design Basis 12.14.3 Seismic Load Effects and Combinations 12.14.3 Seismic Load Effects and Combinations
169	12.14.4 Seismic Force–Resisting System 12.14.4 Seismic Force–Resisting System 12.14.5 Diaphragm Flexibility 12.14.5 Diaphragm Flexibility 12.14.6 Application of Loading 12.14.6 Application of Loading 12.14.7 Design and Detailing Requirements 12.14.7 Design and Detailing Requirements
170	12.14.8 Simplified Lateral Force Analysis Procedure 12.14.8 Simplified Lateral Force Analysis Procedure
172	13 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components 13 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components 13.1 General 13.1 General 13.1.1 Scope 13.1.1 Scope 13.1.2 Seismic Design Category 13.1.2 Seismic Design Category 13.1.3 Component Importance Factor 13.1.3 Component Importance Factor 13.1.4 Exemptions 13.1.4 Exemptions 13.1.5 Applicability of Nonstructural Component Requirements 13.1.5 Applicability of Nonstructural Component Requirements 13.1.6 Reference Documents 13.1.6 Reference Documents 13.1.7 Reference Documents Using Allowable Stress Design 13.1.7 Reference Documents Using Allowable Stress Design 13.2 General Design Requirements 13.2 General Design Requirements 13.2.1 Applicable Requirements for Architectural, Mechanical, and Electrical Components, Supports, and Attachments 13.2.1 Applicable Requirements for Architectural, Mechanical, and Electrical Components, Supports, and Attachments
173	13.2.2 Special Certification Requirements for Designated Seismic Systems 13.2.2 Special Certification Requirements for Designated Seismic Systems 13.2.3 Consequential Damage 13.2.3 Consequential Damage 13.2.4 Flexibility 13.2.4 Flexibility 13.2.5 Testing Alternative for Seismic Capacity Determination 13.2.5 Testing Alternative for Seismic Capacity Determination 13.2.6 Experience Data Alternative for Seismic Capacity Determination 13.2.6 Experience Data Alternative for Seismic Capacity Determination 13.2.7 Construction Documents 13.2.7 Construction Documents 13.3 Seismic Demands on Nonstructural Components 13.3 Seismic Demands on Nonstructural Components 13.3.1 Seismic Design Force 13.3.1 Seismic Design Force
174	13.3.2 Seismic Relative Displacements 13.3.2 Seismic Relative Displacements 13.4 Nonstructural Component Anchorage 13.4 Nonstructural Component Anchorage 13.4.1 Design Forces 13.4.1 Design Forces 13.4.2 Anchors in Concrete or Masonry 13.4.2 Anchors in Concrete or Masonry
175	13.4.3 Installation Conditions 13.4.3 Installation Conditions 13.4.4 Multiple Attachments 13.4.4 Multiple Attachments 13.4.5 Power Actuated Fasteners 13.4.5 Power Actuated Fasteners 13.4.6 Friction Clips 13.4.6 Friction Clips 13.5 Architectural Components 13.5 Architectural Components 13.5.1 General 13.5.1 General 13.5.2 Forces and Displacements 13.5.2 Forces and Displacements 13.5.3 Exterior Nonstructural Wall Elements and Connections 13.5.3 Exterior Nonstructural Wall Elements and Connections
176	13.5.4 Glass 13.5.4 Glass 13.5.5 Out-of-Plane Bending 13.5.5 Out-of-Plane Bending 13.5.6 Suspended Ceilings 13.5.6 Suspended Ceilings 13.5.7 Access Floors 13.5.7 Access Floors
177	13.5.8 Partitions 13.5.8 Partitions 13.5.9 Glass in Glazed Curtain Walls, Glazed Storefronts, and Glazed Partitions 13.5.9 Glass in Glazed Curtain Walls, Glazed Storefronts, and Glazed Partitions 13.6 Mechanical and Electrical Components 13.6 Mechanical and Electrical Components 13.6.1 General 13.6.1 General 13.6.2 Component Period 13.6.2 Component Period
178	13.6.3 Mechanical Components 13.6.3 Mechanical Components 13.6.4 Electrical Components 13.6.4 Electrical Components
179	13.6.5 Component Supports 13.6.5 Component Supports 13.6.6 Utility and Service Lines 13.6.6 Utility and Service Lines 13.6.7 HVAC Ductwork 13.6.7 HVAC Ductwork
180	13.6.8 Piping Systems 13.6.8 Piping Systems 13.6.9 Boilers and Pressure Vessels 13.6.9 Boilers and Pressure Vessels 13.6.10 Elevator and Escalator Design Requirements 13.6.10 Elevator and Escalator Design Requirements
181	13.6.11 Other Mechanical and Electrical Components 13.6.11 Other Mechanical and Electrical Components
182	14 Material-Specific Seismic Design and Detailing Requirements 14 Material-Specific Seismic Design and Detailing Requirements 14.1 Steel 14.1 Steel 14.1.1 Reference Documents 14.1.1 Reference Documents 14.1.2 Seismic Design Categories B and C 14.1.2 Seismic Design Categories B and C 14.1.3 Seismic Design Categories D through F 14.1.3 Seismic Design Categories D through F 14.1.4 Cold-Formed Steel 14.1.4 Cold-Formed Steel 14.1.5 Prescriptive Framing 14.1.5 Prescriptive Framing 14.1.7 Steel Cables 14.1.7 Steel Cables 14.1.8 Additional Detailing Requirements for Steel Piles in Seismic Design Categories D through F 14.1.8 Additional Detailing Requirements for Steel Piles in Seismic Design Categories D through F 14.2 Concrete 14.2 Concrete 14.2.1 Reference Documents 14.2.1 Reference Documents 14.2.2 Modifications to ACI 318 14.2.2 Modifications to ACI 318
185	14.2.3 Additional Detailing Requirements for Concrete Piles 14.2.3 Additional Detailing Requirements for Concrete Piles
187	14.3 Composite Steel and Concrete Structures 14.3 Composite Steel and Concrete Structures 14.3.1 Reference Documents 14.3.1 Reference Documents 14.3.2 Metal-Cased Concrete Piles 14.3.2 Metal-Cased Concrete Piles 14.4 Masonry 14.4 Masonry 14.4.1 Reference Documents 14.4.1 Reference Documents 14.4.2 R factors 14.4.2 R factors 14.4.3 Classification of Shear Walls 14.4.3 Classification of Shear Walls 14.4.4 Anchorage Forces 14.4.4 Anchorage Forces 14.4.5 Modifications to Chapter 1 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 14.4.5 Modifications to Chapter 1 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 14.4.6 Modifications to Chapter 2 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 14.4.6 Modifications to Chapter 2 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402
188	14.4.7 Modifications to Chapter 3 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402 14.4.7 Modifications to Chapter 3 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/TMS 402
189	14.4.8 Modifications to Chapter 6 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/ TMS 402 14.4.8 Modifications to Chapter 6 of ACI 530/ASCE 5/ TMS 402 14.4.9 Modifications to ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602 14.4.9 Modifications to ACI 530.1/ASCE 6/TMS 602 14.5 Wood 14.5 Wood 14.5.1 Reference Documents 14.5.1 Reference Documents 14.5.2 Framing 14.5.2 Framing 14.5.3 Modifications to AF&PA SDPWS 14.5.3 Modifications to AF&PA SDPWS
190	15 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures 15 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures 15.1 General 15.1 General 15.1.1 Nonbuilding Structures 15.1.1 Nonbuilding Structures 15.1.2 Design 15.1.2 Design 15.1.3 Structural Analysis Procedure Selection 15.1.3 Structural Analysis Procedure Selection 15.2 Reference Documents 15.2 Reference Documents 15.3 Nonbuilding Structures Supported by Other Structures 15.3 Nonbuilding Structures Supported by Other Structures 15.3.1 Less Than 25 percent Combined Weight Condition 15.3.1 Less Than 25 percent Combined Weight Condition 15.3.2 Greater Than or Equal to 25 percent Combined Weight Condition 15.3.2 Greater Than or Equal to 25 percent Combined Weight Condition 15.3.3 Architectural, Mechanical, and Electrical Components 15.3.3 Architectural, Mechanical, and Electrical Components
191	15.4 Structural Design Requirements 15.4 Structural Design Requirements 15.4.1 Design Basis 15.4.1 Design Basis
193	15.4.2 Rigid Nonbuilding Structures 15.4.2 Rigid Nonbuilding Structures 15.4.3 Loads 15.4.3 Loads 15.4.4 Fundamental Period 15.4.4 Fundamental Period 15.4.5 Drift Limitations 15.4.5 Drift Limitations 15.4.6 Materials Requirements 15.4.6 Materials Requirements 15.4.7 Deflection Limits and Structure Separation 15.4.7 Deflection Limits and Structure Separation 15.4.8 Site-Specific Response Spectra 15.4.8 Site-Specific Response Spectra 15.5 Nonbuilding Structures Similar to Buildings 15.5 Nonbuilding Structures Similar to Buildings 15.5.1 General 15.5.1 General 15.5.2 Pipe Racks 15.5.2 Pipe Racks 15.5.3 Steel Storage Racks 15.5.3 Steel Storage Racks
194	15.5.4 Electrical Power Generating Facilities 15.5.4 Electrical Power Generating Facilities 15.5.5 Structural Towers for Tanks and Vessels 15.5.5 Structural Towers for Tanks and Vessels 15.5.6 Piers and Wharves 15.5.6 Piers and Wharves 15.6 General Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures not Similar to Buildings 15.6 General Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures not Similar to Buildings 15.6.1 Earth-Retaining Structures 15.6.1 Earth-Retaining Structures
195	15.6.2 Stacks and Chimneys 15.6.2 Stacks and Chimneys 15.6.3 Amusement Structures 15.6.3 Amusement Structures 15.6.4 Special Hydraulic Structures 15.6.4 Special Hydraulic Structures 15.6.5 Secondary Containment Systems 15.6.5 Secondary Containment Systems 15.6.6 Telecommunication Towers 15.6.6 Telecommunication Towers 15.7 Tanks and Vessels 15.7 Tanks and Vessels 15.7.1 General 15.7.1 General 15.7.2 Design Basis 15.7.2 Design Basis
196	15.7.3 Strength and Ductility 15.7.3 Strength and Ductility 15.7.4 Flexibility of Piping Attachments 15.7.4 Flexibility of Piping Attachments
197	15.7.5 Anchorage 15.7.5 Anchorage 15.7.6 Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Liquids 15.7.6 Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Liquids
199	15.7.7 Water Storage and Water Treatment Tanks and Vessels 15.7.7 Water Storage and Water Treatment Tanks and Vessels 15.7.8 Petrochemical and Industrial Tanks and Vessels Storing Liquids 15.7.8 Petrochemical and Industrial Tanks and Vessels Storing Liquids 15.7.9 Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Granular Materials 15.7.9 Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Granular Materials
200	15.7.10 Elevated Tanks and Vessels for Liquids and Granular Materials 15.7.10 Elevated Tanks and Vessels for Liquids and Granular Materials
201	15.7.11 Boilers and Pressure Vessels 15.7.11 Boilers and Pressure Vessels
202	15.7.12 Liquid and Gas Spheres 15.7.12 Liquid and Gas Spheres 15.7.13 Refrigerated Gas Liquid Storage Tanks and Vessels 15.7.13 Refrigerated Gas Liquid Storage Tanks and Vessels 15.7.14 Horizontal, Saddle Supported Vessels for Liquid or Vapor Storage 15.7.14 Horizontal, Saddle Supported Vessels for Liquid or Vapor Storage
204	16 Seismic Response History Procedures 16 Seismic Response History Procedures 16.1 Linear Response History Procedure 16.1 Linear Response History Procedure 16.1.1 Analysis Requirements 16.1.1 Analysis Requirements 16.1.2 Modeling 16.1.2 Modeling 16.1.3 Ground Motion 16.1.3 Ground Motion 16.1.4 Response Parameters 16.1.4 Response Parameters 16.2 Nonlinear Response History Procedure 16.2 Nonlinear Response History Procedure 16.2.1 Analysis Requirements 16.2.1 Analysis Requirements 16.2.2 Modeling 16.2.2 Modeling
205	16.2.3 Ground Motion and Other Loading 16.2.3 Ground Motion and Other Loading 16.2.4 Response Parameters 16.2.4 Response Parameters 16.2.5 Design Review 16.2.5 Design Review
206	17 Seismic Design Requirements for Seismically Isolated Structures 17 Seismic Design Requirements for Seismically Isolated Structures 17.1 General 17.1 General 17.1.1 Variations in Material Properties 17.1.1 Variations in Material Properties 17.1.2 Definitions 17.1.2 Definitions 17.1.3 Notation 17.1.3 Notation
207	17.2 General Design Requirements 17.2 General Design Requirements 17.2.1 Importance Factor 17.2.1 Importance Factor 17.2.2 MCE Spectral Response Acceleration Parameters, SMS and SM1 17.2.2 MCE Spectral Response Acceleration Parameters, SMS and SM1
208	17.2.3 Configuration 17.2.3 Configuration 17.2.4 Isolation System 17.2.4 Isolation System 17.2.5 Structural System 17.2.5 Structural System 17.2.6 Elements of Structures and Nonstructural Components 17.2.6 Elements of Structures and Nonstructural Components
209	17.3 Ground Motion for Isolated Systems 17.3 Ground Motion for Isolated Systems 17.3.1 Design Spectra 17.3.1 Design Spectra 17.3.2 Ground Motion Histories 17.3.2 Ground Motion Histories 17.4 Analysis Procedure Selection 17.4 Analysis Procedure Selection 17.4.1 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 17.4.1 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 17.4.2 Dynamic Procedures 17.4.2 Dynamic Procedures 17.5 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 17.5 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 17.5.1 General 17.5.1 General 17.5.2 Deformation Characteristics of the Isolation System 17.5.2 Deformation Characteristics of the Isolation System 17.5.3 Minimum Lateral Displacements 17.5.3 Minimum Lateral Displacements
210	17.5.4 Minimum Lateral Forces 17.5.4 Minimum Lateral Forces
211	17.5.5 Vertical Distribution of Force 17.5.5 Vertical Distribution of Force 17.5.6 Drift Limits 17.5.6 Drift Limits 17.6 Dynamic Analysis Procedures 17.6 Dynamic Analysis Procedures 17.6.1 General 17.6.1 General 17.6.2 Modeling 17.6.2 Modeling 17.6.3 Description of Procedures 17.6.3 Description of Procedures
212	17.6.4 Minimum Lateral Displacements and Forces 17.6.4 Minimum Lateral Displacements and Forces
213	17.7 Design Review 17.7 Design Review 17.8 Testing 17.8 Testing 17.8.1 General 17.8.1 General 17.8.2 Prototype Tests 17.8.2 Prototype Tests
214	17.8.3 Determination of Force-Deflection Characteristics 17.8.3 Determination of Force-Deflection Characteristics 17.8.4 Test Specimen Adequacy 17.8.4 Test Specimen Adequacy 17.8.5 Design Properties of the Isolation System 17.8.5 Design Properties of the Isolation System
216	18 Seismic Design Requirements for Structures with Damping Systems 18 Seismic Design Requirements for Structures with Damping Systems 18.1 General 18.1 General 18.1.1 Scope 18.1.1 Scope 18.1.2 Definitions 18.1.2 Definitions 18.1.3 Notation 18.1.3 Notation
218	18.2 General Design Requirements 18.2 General Design Requirements 18.2.1 Seismic Design Category A 18.2.1 Seismic Design Category A 18.2.2 System Requirements 18.2.2 System Requirements 18.2.3 Ground Motion 18.2.3 Ground Motion 18.2.4 Procedure Selection 18.2.4 Procedure Selection 18.2.5 Damping System 18.2.5 Damping System
219	18.3 Nonlinear Procedures 18.3 Nonlinear Procedures 18.3.1 Nonlinear Response History Procedure 18.3.1 Nonlinear Response History Procedure
220	18.3.2 Nonlinear Static Procedure 18.3.2 Nonlinear Static Procedure 18.4 Response Spectrum Procedure 18.4 Response Spectrum Procedure 18.4.1 Modeling 18.4.1 Modeling 18.4.2 Seismic Force–Resisting System 18.4.2 Seismic Force–Resisting System
221	18.4.3 Damping System 18.4.3 Damping System 18.5 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 18.5 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 18.5.1 Modeling 18.5.1 Modeling
222	18.5.2 Seismic Force–Resisting System 18.5.2 Seismic Force–Resisting System
223	18.5.3 Damping System 18.5.3 Damping System
224	18.6 Damped Response Modification 18.6 Damped Response Modification 18.6.1 Damping Coefficient 18.6.1 Damping Coefficient 18.6.2 Effective Damping 18.6.2 Effective Damping
225	18.6.3 Effective Ductility Demand 18.6.3 Effective Ductility Demand 18.6.4 Maximum Effective Ductility Demand 18.6.4 Maximum Effective Ductility Demand 18.7 Seismic Load Conditions and Acceptance Criteria 18.7 Seismic Load Conditions and Acceptance Criteria 18.7.1 Nonlinear Procedures 18.7.1 Nonlinear Procedures
226	18.7.2 Response Spectrum and Equivalent Lateral Force Procedures 18.7.2 Response Spectrum and Equivalent Lateral Force Procedures
227	18.8 Design Review 18.8 Design Review 18.9 Testing 18.9 Testing 18.9.1 Prototype Tests 18.9.1 Prototype Tests
228	18.9.2 Production Testing 18.9.2 Production Testing
230	19 Soil Structure Interaction for Seismic Design 19 Soil Structure Interaction for Seismic Design 19.1 General 19.1 General 19.2 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 19.2 Equivalent Lateral Force Procedure 19.2.1 Base Shear 19.2.1 Base Shear
231	19.2.2 Vertical Distribution of Seismic Forces 19.2.2 Vertical Distribution of Seismic Forces 19.2.3 Other Effects 19.2.3 Other Effects
232	19.3 Modal Analysis Procedure 19.3 Modal Analysis Procedure 19.3.1 Modal Base Shears 19.3.1 Modal Base Shears 19.3.2 Other Modal Effects 19.3.2 Other Modal Effects 19.3.3 Design Values 19.3.3 Design Values
234	20 Site Classification Procedure for Seismic Design 20 Site Classification Procedure for Seismic Design 20.1 Site Classification 20.1 Site Classification 20.2 Site Response Analysis for Site Class F Soil 20.2 Site Response Analysis for Site Class F Soil 20.3 Site Class Definitions 20.3 Site Class Definitions 20.3.1 Site Class F 20.3.1 Site Class F 20.3.2 Soft Clay Site Class E 20.3.2 Soft Clay Site Class E 20.3.3 Site Classes C, D, and E 20.3.3 Site Classes C, D, and E 20.3.4 Shear Wave Velocity for Site Class B 20.3.4 Shear Wave Velocity for Site Class B 20.3.5 Shear Wave Velocity for Site Class A 20.3.5 Shear Wave Velocity for Site Class A
235	20.4 Definitions of Site Class Parameters 20.4 Definitions of Site Class Parameters 20.4.1 vs, Average Shear Wave Velocity 20.4.1 vs, Average Shear Wave Velocity 20.4.2 N, Average Field Standard Penetration Resistance and Nch, Average Standard Penetration Resistance for Cohesionless S 20.4.2 N, Average Field Standard Penetration Resistance and Nch, Average Standard Penetration Resistance for Cohesionless S 20.4.3 su, Average Undrained Shear Strength 20.4.3 su, Average Undrained Shear Strength
236	21 Site-Specific Ground Motion Procedures for Seismic Design 21 Site-Specific Ground Motion Procedures for Seismic Design 21.1 Site Response Analysis 21.1 Site Response Analysis 21.1.1 Base Ground Motions 21.1.1 Base Ground Motions 21.1.2 Site Condition Modeling 21.1.2 Site Condition Modeling 21.1.3 Site Response Analysis and Computed Results 21.1.3 Site Response Analysis and Computed Results 21.2 Ground Motion Hazard Analysis 21.2 Ground Motion Hazard Analysis 21.2.1 Probabilistic MCE 21.2.1 Probabilistic MCE 21.2.2 Deterministic MCE 21.2.2 Deterministic MCE 21.2.3 Site-Specific MCE 21.2.3 Site-Specific MCE
237	21.3 Design Response Spectrum 21.3 Design Response Spectrum 21.4 Design Acceleration Parameters 21.4 Design Acceleration Parameters
238	22 Seismic Ground Motion and Long-Period Transition Maps 22 Seismic Ground Motion and Long-Period Transition Maps
264	23 Seismic Design Reference Documents 23 Seismic Design Reference Documents 23.1 Consensus Standards and Other Reference Documents 23.1 Consensus Standards and Other Reference Documents
268	Appendix 11A Quality Assurance Provisions Appendix 11A Quality Assurance Provisions 11A.1 Quality Assurance 11A.1 Quality Assurance 11A.1.1 Scope 11A.1.1 Scope 11A.1.2 Quality Assurance Plan 11A.1.2 Quality Assurance Plan 11A.1.3 Special Inspection and Testing 11A.1.3 Special Inspection and Testing
270	11A.2 Testing 11A.2 Testing 11A.2.1 Reinforcing and Prestressing Steel. 11A.2.1 Reinforcing and Prestressing Steel. 11A.2.2 Structural Concrete 11A.2.2 Structural Concrete 11A.2.3 Structural Masonry 11A.2.3 Structural Masonry 11A.2.4 Structural Steel. 11A.2.4 Structural Steel. 11A.2.5 Base Metal Testing 11A.2.5 Base Metal Testing 11A.2.6 Seismic-Isolated Structures 11A.2.6 Seismic-Isolated Structures 11A.2.7 Mechanical and Electrical Equipment 11A.2.7 Mechanical and Electrical Equipment 11A.3 Structural Observations 11A.3 Structural Observations 11A.4 Reporting and Compliance Procedures 11A.4 Reporting and Compliance Procedures
272	Appendix 11B Existing Building Provisions Appendix 11B Existing Building Provisions 11B.1 Scope 11B.1 Scope 11B.2 Structurally Independent Additions 11B.2 Structurally Independent Additions 11B.3 Structurally Dependent Additions 11B.3 Structurally Dependent Additions 11B.4 Alterations 11B.4 Alterations 11B.5 Change of Use 11B.5 Change of Use
274	Appendix C Serviceability Considerations Appendix C Serviceability Considerations C.1 Deflection, Vibration, and Drift C.1 Deflection, Vibration, and Drift C.1.1 Vertical Deflections C.1.1 Vertical Deflections C.1.2 Drift of Walls and Frames C.1.2 Drift of Walls and Frames C.1.3 Vibrations C.1.3 Vibrations C.2 Design for Long-Term Deflection C.2 Design for Long-Term Deflection C.3 Camber C.3 Camber C.4 Expansion and Contraction C.4 Expansion and Contraction C.5 Durability C.5 Durability
276	Commentary Commentary
278	C1 General C1 General C1.1 Scope C1.1 Scope C1.3 Basic Requirements C1.3 Basic Requirements C1.3.1 Strength. C1.3.1 Strength. C1.3.2 Serviceability C1.3.2 Serviceability C1.3.3 Self-Straining Forces C1.3.3 Self-Straining Forces C1.4 General Structural Integrity C1.4 General Structural Integrity
280	C1.5 Classification of Buildings and Other Structures C1.5 Classification of Buildings and Other Structures C1.5.1 Nature of Occupancy C1.5.1 Nature of Occupancy
281	C1.5.2 Toxic, Highly Toxic, and Explosive Substances C1.5.2 Toxic, Highly Toxic, and Explosive Substances
282	C1.7 Load Tests C1.7 Load Tests References References
284	C2 Combinations of Loads C2 Combinations of Loads C2.2 Symbols and Notation C2.2 Symbols and Notation C2.3 Combining Loads Using Strength Design C2.3 Combining Loads Using Strength Design C2.3.1 Applicability C2.3.1 Applicability C2.3.2 Basic Combinations C2.3.2 Basic Combinations
285	C2.3.3 Load Combinations Including Flood Load C2.3.3 Load Combinations Including Flood Load C2.3.4 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads C2.3.4 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads C2.4 Combining Loads Using Allowable Stress Design C2.4 Combining Loads Using Allowable Stress Design C2.4.1 Basic Combinations C2.4.1 Basic Combinations
286	C2.4.2 Load Combinations Including Flood Load C2.4.2 Load Combinations Including Flood Load C2.4.3 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads C2.4.3 Load Combinations Including Atmospheric Ice Loads C2.5 Load Combinations for Extraordinary Events C2.5 Load Combinations for Extraordinary Events
287	Reference Reference
290	C3 Dead Loads, Soil Loads, and Hydrostatic C3 Dead Loads, Soil Loads, and Hydrostatic C3.1.2 Weights of Materials and Constructions C3.1.2 Weights of Materials and Constructions C3.2 Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure C3.2 Soil Loads and Hydrostatic Pressure C3.2.1 Lateral Pressures C3.2.1 Lateral Pressures C3.2.2 Uplift on Floors and Foundations C3.2.2 Uplift on Floors and Foundations Reference Reference
298	C4 Live Loads C4 Live Loads C4.2 Uniformly Distributed Loads C4.2 Uniformly Distributed Loads C4.2.1 Required Live Loads C4.2.1 Required Live Loads C4.2.2 Provision for Partitions C4.2.2 Provision for Partitions
299	C4.3 Concentrated Loads C4.3 Concentrated Loads C4.4 Loads on Handrails, Guardrail Systems, Grab Bar Systems, Vehicle Barrier Systems, and Fixed Ladders C4.4 Loads on Handrails, Guardrail Systems, Grab Bar Systems, Vehicle Barrier Systems, and Fixed Ladders C4.4.1 Loads on Handrails and Guardrail Systems C4.4.1 Loads on Handrails and Guardrail Systems C4.4.2 Loads on Grab Bar Systems C4.4.2 Loads on Grab Bar Systems C4.4.3 Loads on Vehicle Barrier Systems C4.4.3 Loads on Vehicle Barrier Systems C4.4.4 Loads on Fixed Ladders C4.4.4 Loads on Fixed Ladders C4.6 Partial Loading C4.6 Partial Loading C4.7 Impact Loads C4.7 Impact Loads C4.8 Reduction in Live Loads C4.8 Reduction in Live Loads C4.8.1 General. C4.8.1 General.
300	C4.8.2 Heavy Live Loads C4.8.2 Heavy Live Loads C4.8.3 Parking Garage Loads C4.8.3 Parking Garage Loads C4.8.5 Limitations on One-Way Slabs C4.8.5 Limitations on One-Way Slabs C4.9 Reduction in Roof Live Loads C4.9 Reduction in Roof Live Loads C4.9.1 Flat, Pitched, and Curved Roofs C4.9.1 Flat, Pitched, and Curved Roofs C4.9.2 Special Purpose Roofs C4.9.2 Special Purpose Roofs C4.10 Crane Loads C4.10 Crane Loads Reference Reference
304	C5 Flood Loads C5 Flood Loads C5.1 General C5.1 General C5.2 Definitions C5.2 Definitions
305	C5.3 Design Requirements C5.3 Design Requirements C5.3.1 Design Loads C5.3.1 Design Loads C5.3.2 Erosion and Scour C5.3.2 Erosion and Scour C5.3.3 Loads on Breakaway Walls C5.3.3 Loads on Breakaway Walls C5.4.1 Load Basis C5.4.1 Load Basis C5.4.2 Hydrostatic Loads C5.4.2 Hydrostatic Loads C5.4.3 Hydrodynamic Loads C5.4.3 Hydrodynamic Loads
306	C5.4.4 Wave Loads C5.4.4 Wave Loads C5.4.5 Impact Loads C5.4.5 Impact Loads
308	References References
310	C6 Wind Loads C6 Wind Loads C6.1 General C6.1 General C6.2 Definitions C6.2 Definitions
311	C6.3 Symbols and Notation C6.3 Symbols and Notation C6.4 Method 1—Simplified Procedure C6.4 Method 1—Simplified Procedure
312	C6.5 Method 2—Analytical Procedure C6.5 Method 2—Analytical Procedure C6.5.1 Scope C6.5.1 Scope
313	C6.5.2 Limitations of Analytical Procedure C6.5.2 Limitations of Analytical Procedure C6.5.4 Basic Wind Speed C6.5.4 Basic Wind Speed
315	C6.5.5 Importance Factor C6.5.5 Importance Factor
316	C6.5.6 Exposure Categories C6.5.6 Exposure Categories
321	C6.5.7 Topographic Effects C6.5.7 Topographic Effects
322	C6.5.8 Gust Effect Factor C6.5.8 Gust Effect Factor
325	C6.5.9 Enclosure Classifications C6.5.9 Enclosure Classifications
326	C6.5.10 Velocity Pressure C6.5.10 Velocity Pressure C6.5.11 Pressure and Force Coefficients C6.5.11 Pressure and Force Coefficients
330	C6.5.12 Design Wind Loads on Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Buildings C6.5.12 Design Wind Loads on Enclosed and Partially Enclosed Buildings
331	C6.5.13 Design Wind Loads on Open Buildings with Monoslope, Pitched, or Troughed Roofs C6.5.13 Design Wind Loads on Open Buildings with Monoslope, Pitched, or Troughed Roofs C6.6 Method 3—Wind-Tunnel Procedure C6.6 Method 3—Wind-Tunnel Procedure
332	References References
352	C7 Snow Loads C7 Snow Loads C7.0 Snow Loads C7.0 Snow Loads C7.2 Ground Snow Loads, p g C7.2 Ground Snow Loads, p g
353	C7.3 Flat-Roof Snow Loads, p f C7.3 Flat-Roof Snow Loads, p f
354	C7.3.1 Exposure Factor, Ce C7.3.1 Exposure Factor, Ce C7.3.2 Thermal Factor, Ct C7.3.2 Thermal Factor, Ct
355	C7.3.3 Importance Factor, I C7.3.3 Importance Factor, I C7.3.4 Minimum Values of p f for Low Slope Roofs C7.3.4 Minimum Values of p f for Low Slope Roofs C7.4 Sloped-Roof Snow Loads, ps C7.4 Sloped-Roof Snow Loads, ps
356	C7.4.3 Roof Slope Factor for Curved Roofs C7.4.3 Roof Slope Factor for Curved Roofs C7.4.4 Roof Slope Factor for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs C7.4.4 Roof Slope Factor for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs C7.4.5 Ice Dams and Icicles Along Eaves C7.4.5 Ice Dams and Icicles Along Eaves C7.5 Unloaded Portions C7.5 Unloaded Portions C7.6 Unbalanced Roof Snow Loads C7.6 Unbalanced Roof Snow Loads C7.6.1 Unbalanced Snow Loads on Hip and Gable Roofs C7.6.1 Unbalanced Snow Loads on Hip and Gable Roofs C7.6.2 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Curved Roofs C7.6.2 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Curved Roofs C7.6.3 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs C7.6.3 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Multiple Folded Plate, Sawtooth, and Barrel Vault Roofs C7.6.4 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Dome Roofs C7.6.4 Unbalanced Snow Loads for Dome Roofs C7.7 Drifts on Lower Roofs (Aerodynamic Shade) C7.7 Drifts on Lower Roofs (Aerodynamic Shade)
357	C7.8 Roof Projections C7.8 Roof Projections C7.9 Sliding Snow C7.9 Sliding Snow
358	C7.10 Rain-on-Snow Surcharge Load C7.10 Rain-on-Snow Surcharge Load C7.11 Ponding Instability C7.11 Ponding Instability C7.12 Existing Roofs C7.12 Existing Roofs C7.13 Other Roofs and Sites C7.13 Other Roofs and Sites
360	References References
366	C8 Rain Loads C8 Rain Loads C8.1 Symbols and Notation C8.1 Symbols and Notation C8.2 Roof Drainage C8.2 Roof Drainage C8.3 Design Rain Loads C8.3 Design Rain Loads C8.4 Ponding Instability C8.4 Ponding Instability C8.5 Controlled Drainage C8.5 Controlled Drainage
367	References References
372	C10 Ice Loads—Atmospheric Icing C10 Ice Loads—Atmospheric Icing C10.1 General C10.1 General C10.1.1 Site-Specific Studies C10.1.1 Site-Specific Studies
373	C10.1.2 Dynamic Loads C10.1.2 Dynamic Loads C10.1.3 Exclusions C10.1.3 Exclusions C10.2 Definitions C10.2 Definitions
374	C10.4 Ice Loads Due to Freezing Rain C10.4 Ice Loads Due to Freezing Rain C10.4.1 Ice Weight C10.4.1 Ice Weight C10.4.2 Nominal Ice Thickness C10.4.2 Nominal Ice Thickness C10.4.4 Importance Factors C10.4.4 Importance Factors
375	C10.4.6 Design Ice Thickness for Freezing Rain C10.4.6 Design Ice Thickness for Freezing Rain C10.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Structures C10.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Structures C10.5.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Guys and Cables C10.5.5 Wind on Ice-Covered Guys and Cables
376	C10.6 Partial Loading C10.6 Partial Loading References References
380	C11 Seismic Design Criteria C11 Seismic Design Criteria C11 General C11 General
382	C11.1.1 Purpose C11.1.1 Purpose C11.7 Design Requirements for Seismic Design Category A C11.7 Design Requirements for Seismic Design Category A C11.8.2 Geotechnical Investigation Report for Seismic Design Categories C through F C11.8.2 Geotechnical Investigation Report for Seismic Design Categories C through F C11.8.3 Additional Geotechnical Investigation Report Requirements for Seismic Design Categories D through F C11.8.3 Additional Geotechnical Investigation Report Requirements for Seismic Design Categories D through F
398	C12 Seismic Design Requirements for Building Structures C12 Seismic Design Requirements for Building Structures C12.3.4 Redundancy C12.3.4 Redundancy C12.4.3 Seismic Load Effect Including Overstrength Factor C12.4.3 Seismic Load Effect Including Overstrength Factor
400	C13 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components C13 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components C13.0 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components C13.0 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonstructural Components C13.3.2 Seismic Relative Displacements C13.3.2 Seismic Relative Displacements C13.5.9 Glass in Glazed Curtain Walls, Glazed Storefronts, and Glazed Partitions C13.5.9 Glass in Glazed Curtain Walls, Glazed Storefronts, and Glazed Partitions C13.6 Mechanical and Electrical Components C13.6 Mechanical and Electrical Components
402	C14 Material-Specific Seismic Design and Detailing Requirements C14 Material-Specific Seismic Design and Detailing Requirements C14.2 Concrete C14.2 Concrete C14.4 Masonry C14.4 Masonry
404	C15 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures C15 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures C15.0 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures C15.0 Seismic Design Requirements for Nonbuilding Structures C15.1.3 Structural Analysis Procedure Selection C15.1.3 Structural Analysis Procedure Selection
405	C15.2 Reference Documents C15.2 Reference Documents
406	C15.4.4 Fundamental Period C15.4.4 Fundamental Period C15.6.5 Secondary Containment Systems C15.6.5 Secondary Containment Systems C15.6.6 Telecommunication Towers C15.6.6 Telecommunication Towers
407	C15.7 Tanks and Vessels C15.7 Tanks and Vessels C15.7.2 Design Basis C15.7.2 Design Basis C15.7.6 Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Liquids C15.7.6 Ground-Supported Storage Tanks for Liquids
410	C19 Soil Structure Interaction for Seismic Design C19 Soil Structure Interaction for Seismic Design
412	C22 Seismic Ground Motion and Long Period Transition Maps C22 Seismic Ground Motion and Long Period Transition Maps
413	Chapter C Appendix C Serviceability Considerations Chapter C Appendix C Serviceability Considerations CC.1 Serviceability Considerations CC.1 Serviceability Considerations CC.1.1 Vertical Deflections CC.1.1 Vertical Deflections
414	CC.1.2 Drift of Walls and Frames CC.1.2 Drift of Walls and Frames CC.1.3 Vibrations CC.1.3 Vibrations CC.2 Design for Long-Term Deflection CC.2 Design for Long-Term Deflection
415	CC.3 Camber CC.3 Camber CC.4 Expansion and Contraction CC.4 Expansion and Contraction CC.5 Durability CC.5 Durability References References Additional References of Interest Additional References of Interest
416	Index Index

Additional information

Standard Title	ASCE Standard 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures with Supplement No. 1
Published Code	ASCE
Publication Date	2005
Pages Count	419

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ASCE 7 05 2005

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