ASCE Standard 41 SeismicEvaluationandRetrofitofExistingBuildings 2013 1
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ASCE Standard 41 – Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| ASCE | 2013 | 555 |
Sponsored by the Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings describes deficiency-based and systematic procedures that use performance-based principles to evaluate and retrofit existing buildings to withstand the effects of earthquakes. This next-generation standard combines the evaluation and retrofit process and puts forth a three-tiered process for seismic evaluation according to a range of building performance levels—from collapse prevention to operational—that marry targeted structural performance with the performance of nonstructural elements. The deficiency-based procedures allow the evaluation and retrofit effort to focus on specific potential deficiencies deemed, on the basis of past earthquake observations, to be of concern for a permissible set of building types and heights. The systematic procedure, applicable to any building, sets forth a methodology to evaluate the entire building in a rigorous manner. Analysis procedures and acceptance criteria are established and requirements put forth for foundations and geologic site hazards; components made of steel, concrete, masonry, wood, and cold-formed steel; architectural mechanical and electrical components and systems; and seismic isolation and energy dissipation systems. In addition, screening checklists are provided for a variety of building types and seismicity levels in support of the Tier 1 process. This standard updates and replaces the previous Standard ASCE/SEI 41-06, Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings, as well as Standard ASCE/SEI 31-03, Seismic Evaluation of Existing Buildings. Standard ASCE/SEI 41-13 serves structural engineers, design professionals, code officials, and building owners interested in improving the seismic performance of existing buildings.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 1 | Cover |
| 4 | STANDARDS |
| 6 | FOREWORD |
| 8 | ACKNOWLEDGMENTS |
| 10 | UNIT CONVERSIONS |
| 12 | CONTENTS |
| 38 | 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1.1 Scope C1.1 Scope |
| 40 | 1.2 Definitions and Notations 1.2.1 Definitions |
| 46 | 1.2.2 Notations |
| 58 | 1.3 Evaluation and Retrofit Process C1.3 Evaluation and Retrofit Process |
| 59 | 1.4 Seismic Evaluation Process C1.4 Seismic Evaluation Process 1.4.1 Selection of Performance Objective C1.4.1 Selection of Performance Objective 1.4.2 Level of Seismicity 1.4.3 As-Built Information |
| 61 | C1.4.3 As-Built Information 1.4.4 Evaluation Procedures C1.4.4 Evaluation Procedures 1.4.5 Evaluation Report C1.4.5 Evaluation Report 1.5 Seismic Retrofit Process C1.5 Seismic Retrofit Process 1.5.1 Initial Considerations C1.5.1 Initial Considerations |
| 63 | 1.5.2 Selection of Performance Objective C1.5.2 Selection of Performance Objective 1.5.3 Level of Seismicity 1.5.4 As-Built Information 1.5.5 Retrofit Procedures C1.5.5 Retrofit Procedures 1.5.6 Retrofit Strategies |
| 64 | C1.5.6 Retrofit Strategies |
| 65 | 1.5.7 Retrofit Measures 1.5.8 Verification of Retrofit Design C1.5.8 Verification of Retrofit Design 1.5.9 Construction Documents C1.5.9 Construction Documents 1.5.10 Construction Quality Assurance C1.5.10 Construction Quality Assurance |
| 68 | 2 PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES AND SEISMIC HAZARDS 2.1 Scope 2.2 Performance Objectives C2.2 Performance Objectives 2.2.1 Basic Performance Objective for Existing Buildings (BPOE) C2.2.1 Basic Performance Objective for Existing Buildings (BPOE) |
| 71 | 2.2.2 Enhanced Performance Objectives C2.2.2 Enhanced Performance Objectives 2.2.3 Limited Performance Objectives C2.2.3 Limited Performance Objectives 2.2.4 Basic Performance Objective Equivalent to New Building Standards (BPON) C2.2.4 Basic Performance Objective Equivalent to New Building Standards (BPON) |
| 72 | 2.2.5 System-Specific Performance Procedures C2.2.5 System-Specific Performance Procedures 2.3 Target Building Performance Levels |
| 73 | C2.3 Target Building Performance Levels 2.3.1 Structural Performance Levels and Ranges C2.3.1 Structural Performance Levels and Ranges |
| 76 | 2.3.2 Nonstructural Performance Levels C2.3.2 Nonstructural Performance Levels |
| 80 | 2.3.3 Designation of Target Building Performance Levels C2.3.3 Designation of Target Building Performance Levels |
| 81 | 2.4 Seismic Hazard 2.4.1 General Procedure for Hazard Caused by Ground Shaking |
| 82 | C2.4.1 General Procedure for Hazard Caused by Ground Shaking |
| 85 | 2.4.2 Site-Specific Procedure for Hazards Caused by Ground Shaking |
| 86 | 2.5 Level of Seismicity C2.5 Level of Seismicity |
| 88 | 3 EVALUATION AND RETROFIT REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Scope 3.2 As-Built Information C3.2 As-Built Information 3.2.1 Building Type C3.2.1 Building Type |
| 91 | 3.2.2 Building Configuration C3.2.2 Building Configuration 3.2.3 Component Properties C3.2.3 Component Properties 3.2.4 Site and Foundation Information |
| 92 | C3.2.4 Site and Foundation Information 3.2.5 Adjacent Buildings 3.3 Evaluation and Retrofit Procedures 3.3.1 Limitations on the Use of the Tier 1 and 2 Evaluation and Retrofit Procedures C3.3.1 Limitations on the Use of the Tier 1 and 2 Evaluation and Retrofit Procedures |
| 95 | 3.3.2 Tier 1 Screening Procedure C3.3.2 Tier 1 Screening Procedure 3.3.3 Tier 2 Deficiency-Based Evaluation and Retrofit Procedures C3.3.3 Tier 2 Deficiency-Based Evaluation and Retrofit Procedures |
| 96 | 3.3.4 Tier 3 Systematic Evaluation and Retrofit Procedures |
| 98 | 4 TIER 1 SCREENING 4.1 Scope C4.1 Scope 4.1.1 Performance Level 4.1.2 Seismic Hazard Level 4.1.3 Level of Seismicity 4.2 Scope of Investigation Required 4.2.1 On-Site Investigation and Condition Assessment 4.2.2 Building Type C4.2.2 Building Type 4.2.3 Default Material Values |
| 100 | C4.2.3 Default Material Properties |
| 101 | 4.3 Benchmark Buildings C4.3 Benchmark Buildings |
| 103 | 4.4 Selection and Use of Checklists |
| 104 | C4.4 Selection and Use of Checklists 4.5 Tier 1 Analysis 4.5.1 Overview 4.5.2 Seismic forces |
| 106 | 4.5.3 Quick Checks for Strength and Stiffness |
| 110 | 5 TIER 2 DEFICIENCY-BASED EVALUATION AND RETROFIT 5.1 Scope C5.1 Scope 5.2 General Requirements C5.2 General Requirements 5.2.1 Performance Level and Seismic Hazard Level C5.2.1 Performance Level and Seismic Hazard Level 5.2.2 As-Built Information |
| 113 | C5.2.2 As-Built Information 5.2.3 Condition Assessment C5.2.3 Condition Assessment 5.2.4 Tier 2 Analysis Methods C5.2.4 Tier 2 Analysis Methods 5.2.5 Tier 2 Acceptance Criteria C5.2.5 Tier 2 Acceptance Criteria 5.2.6 Knowledge Factor C5.2.6 Knowledge Factor 5.3 Tier 2 Deficiency-Based Evaluation Requirements |
| 114 | C5.3 Tier 2 Deficiency-Based Evaluation Requirements 5.4 Procedures for Basic Configuration of Building Systems 5.4.1 General 5.4.2 Building Configuration |
| 115 | 5.4.3 Geologic Site Hazards and Foundation Components 5.5 Procedures for Seismic-force-Resisting Systems 5.5.1 General 5.5.2 Procedures for Moment Frames |
| 117 | 5.5.3 Procedures for Shear Walls |
| 118 | 5.5.4 Procedures for Braced Frames |
| 119 | 5.6 Procedures for Diaphragms 5.6.1 General Procedures for Diaphragms 5.6.2 Procedures for Wood Diaphragms 5.6.3 Procedures for Metal Deck Diaphragms 5.6.4 Procedures for Precast Concrete Diaphragms 5.6.5 Diaphragms Other than Wood, Metal Deck, Concrete, or Horizontal Bracing 5.7 Procedures for Connections 5.7.1 Anchorage for Normal forces 5.7.2 Connections for Shear Transfer 5.7.3 Connections for Vertical Elements |
| 120 | 5.7.4 Interconnection of Elements 5.7.5 Roof and Wall Panel Connections 5.8 Tier 2 Deficiency-Based Retrofit Requirements C5.8 Tier 2 Deficiency-Based Retrofit Requirements |
| 126 | 6 TIER 3 SYSTEMATIC EVALUATION AND RETROFIT 6.1 Scope C6.1 Scope 6.2 Data Collection Requirements C6.2 Data Collection Requirements 6.2.1 Minimum Data Collection Requirements 6.2.2 Usual Data Collection Requirements |
| 127 | 6.2.3 Comprehensive Data Collection Requirements C6.2.3 Comprehensive Data Collection Requirements 6.2.4 Knowledge Factor |
| 128 | 6.3 Tier 3 Evaluation Requirements C6.3 Tier 3 Evaluation Requirements 6.4 Tier 3 Retrofit Requirements C6.4 Tier 3 Retrofit Requirements |
| 130 | 7 ANALYSIS PROCEDURES AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA 7.1 Scope C7.1 Scope 7.2 General Analysis Requirements 7.2.1 Analysis Procedures 7.2.2 Component Gravity Loads and Load Combinations |
| 131 | C7.2.2 Component Gravity Loads and Load Combinations 7.2.3 Mathematical Modeling |
| 133 | 7.2.4 Configuration C7.2.4 Configuration 7.2.5 Multidirectional Seismic Effects |
| 135 | 7.2.6 P-Δ Effects C7.2.6 P-Δ Effects 7.2.7 Soil–Structure Interaction C7.2.7 Soil–Structure Interaction |
| 136 | 7.2.8 Overturning C7.2.8 Overturning 7.2.9 Diaphragms, Chords, Collectors, and Ties |
| 137 | C7.2.9 Diaphragms, Chords, Collectors, and Ties |
| 138 | 7.2.10 Continuity C.7.2.10 Continuity 7.2.11 Structural Walls and Their Anchorage |
| 139 | 7.2.12 Structures Sharing Common Elements 7.2.13 Building Separation 7.2.14 Verification of Analysis Assumptions C7.2.14 Verification of Analysis Assumptions |
| 140 | 7.3 Analysis Procedure Selection C7.3 Analysis Procedure Selection 7.3.1 Linear Procedures C7.3.1 Linear Procedures |
| 141 | 7.3.2 Nonlinear Procedures |
| 142 | 7.3.3 Alternative Rational Analysis 7.4 Analysis Procedures 7.4.1 Linear Static Procedure (LSP) |
| 146 | 7.4.2 Linear Dynamic Procedure (LDP) 7.4.3 Nonlinear Static Procedure NSP |
| 150 | 7.4.4 Nonlinear Dynamic Procedure (NDP) |
| 151 | 7.5 Acceptance Criteria 7.5.1 General Requirements C7.5.1 General Requirements |
| 155 | 7.5.2 Linear Procedures |
| 156 | 7.5.3 Nonlinear Procedures 7.6 Alternative Modeling Parameters and Acceptance Criteria C7.6 Alternative Modeling Parameters and Acceptance Criteria |
| 157 | 7.6.1 Experimental Setup C7.6.1 Experimental Setup 7.6.2 Data Reduction and Reporting |
| 158 | C.7.6.2 Data Reduction and Reporting 7.6.3 Analysis Parameters and Acceptance Criteria for Subassemblies Based on Experimental Data |
| 159 | C7.6.3 Analysis Parameters and Acceptance Criteria for Subassemblies Based on Experimental Data |
| 160 | 8 FOUNDATIONS AND GEOLOGIC SITE HAZARDS 8.1 Scope C8.1 Scope 8.2 Site Characterization C8.2 Site Characterization 8.2.1 Foundation Information |
| 161 | 8.2.2 Seismic–Geologic Site Hazards C8.2.2 Seismic–Geologic Site Hazards |
| 165 | 8.3 Mitigation of Seismic–Geologic Site Hazards C8.3 Mitigation of Seismic–Geologic Site Hazards |
| 166 | 8.4 Foundation Strength and Stiffness C8.4 Foundation Strength and Stiffness |
| 167 | 8.4.1 Expected Foundation Capacities C8.4.1 Expected Foundation Capacities 8.4.2 Load-Deformation Characteristics for Shallow Foun dations C8.4.2 Load-Deformation Characteristics for Shallow Foun dations |
| 176 | 8.4.3 Pile Foundations |
| 177 | 8.4.4 Drilled Shafts C8.4.4 Drilled Shafts 8.4.5 Deep Foundation Acceptance Criteria |
| 178 | 8.5 Kinematic Interaction and Radiation Damping Soil–Structure Interaction Effects C8.5 Kinematic Interaction and Radiation Damping Soil–Structure Interaction Effects 8.5.1 Kinematic Interaction |
| 179 | 8.5.2 Foundation Damping Soil–Structure Interaction Effects |
| 180 | C8.5.2 Foundation Damping Soil–Structure Interaction Effects 8.6 Seismic Earth Pressure C8.6 Seismic Earth Pressure 8.7 Foundation Retrofit |
| 181 | C8.7 Foundation Retrofit |
| 182 | 9 STEEL 9.1 Scope C9.1 Scope 9.2 Material Properties and Condition Assessment 9.2.1 General C9.2.1 General 9.2.2 Properties of In-Place Materials and Components |
| 185 | 9.2.3 Condition Assessment |
| 186 | 9.2.4 Knowledge Factor 9.3 General Assumptions and Requirements 9.3.1 Stiffness 9.3.2 Strength and Acceptance Criteria |
| 187 | 9.3.3 Retrofit Measures 9.4 Steel Moment Frames 9.4.1 General C9.4.1 General 9.4.2 Fully Restrained (FR) Moment Frames |
| 198 | 9.4.3 Partially Restrained (PR) Moment Frames |
| 201 | 9.5 Steel Braced Frames 9.5.1 General |
| 202 | C9.5.1 General 9.5.2 Concentrically Braced Frames |
| 204 | 9.5.3 Eccentrically Braced Frames |
| 205 | 9.5.4 Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames |
| 207 | 9.6 Steel Plate Shear Walls 9.6.1 General C9.6.1 General 9.6.2 Stiffness of Steel Plate Shear Walls 9.6.3 Strength of Steel Plate Shear Walls 9.6.4 Acceptance Criteria for Steel Plate Shear Walls |
| 208 | 9.6.5 Retrofit Measures for Steel Plate Shear Walls C9.6.5 Retrofit Measures for Steel Plate Shear Walls 9.7 Steel Frames with Infills C9.7 Steel Frames with Infills 9.8 Diaphragms 9.8.1 Bare Metal Deck Diaphragms |
| 209 | 9.8.2 Metal Deck Diaphragms with Structural Concrete Topping |
| 210 | 9.8.3 Metal Deck Diaphragms with Nonstructural Topping |
| 211 | 9.8.4 Horizontal Steel Bracing (Steel Truss Diaphragms) |
| 212 | 9.8.5 Archaic Diaphragms 9.8.6 Chord and Collector Elements |
| 213 | 9.9 Steel Pile Foundations 9.9.1 General C9.9.1 General 9.9.2 Stiffness of Steel Pile Foundations 9.9.3 Strength of Steel Pile Foundations 9.9.4 Acceptance Criteria for Steel Pile Foundations C9.9.4 Acceptance Criteria for Steel Pile Foundations 9.9.5 Retrofit Measures for Steel Pile Foundations C9.9.5 Retrofit Measures for Steel Pile Foundations 9.10 Cast and Wrought Iron 9.10.1 General 9.10.2 Stiffness of Cast and Wrought Iron 9.10.3 Strength and Acceptance Criteria for Cast and Wrought Iron |
| 216 | 10 CONCRETE 10.1 Scope C10.1 Scope 10.2 Material Properties and Condition Assessment 10.2.1 General C10.2.1 General |
| 217 | 10.2.2 Properties of In-Place Materials and Components |
| 221 | 10.2.3 Condition Assessment |
| 222 | 10.2.4 Knowledge Factor 10.3 General Assumptions and Requirements 10.3.1 Modeling and Design |
| 224 | 10.3.2 Strength and Deformability |
| 225 | 10.3.3 Flexure and Axial Loads C10.3.3 Flexure and Axial Loads |
| 226 | 10.3.4 Shear and Torsion C10.3.4 Shear and Torsion 10.3.5 Development and Splices of Reinforcement |
| 227 | C10.3.5 Development and Splices of Reinforcement 10.3.6 Connections to Existing Concrete C10.3.6 Connections to Existing Concrete |
| 228 | 10.3.7 Retrofit Measures 10.4 Concrete Moment Frames 10.4.1 Types of Concrete Moment Frames 10.4.2 Reinforced Concrete Beam–Column Moment Frames |
| 236 | 10.4.3 Posttensioned Concrete Beam–Column Moment Frames |
| 238 | 10.4.4 Slab–Column Moment Frames |
| 242 | 10.5 Precast Concrete Frames 10.5.1 Types of Precast Concrete Frames 10.5.2 Precast Concrete Frames Expected to Resist Seismic forces 10.5.3 Precast Concrete Frames Not Expected to Resist Seismic forces Directly |
| 243 | 10.6 Concrete Frames with Infills 10.6.1 Types of Concrete Frames with Infills 10.6.2 Concrete Frames with Masonry Infills |
| 245 | 10.6.3 Concrete Frames with Concrete Infills |
| 246 | 10.7 Concrete Shear Walls 10.7.1 Types of Concrete Shear Walls and Associated Components C10.7.1 Types of Concrete Shear Walls and Associated Components |
| 248 | 10.7.2 Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls, Wall Segments, and Coupling Beams |
| 254 | 10.8 Precast Concrete Shear Walls 10.8.1 Types of Precast Shear Walls 10.8.2 Precast Concrete Shear Walls and Wall Segments |
| 256 | 10.9 Concrete Braced Frames 10.9.1 Types of Concrete Braced Frames 10.9.2 General 10.9.3 Stiffness of Concrete Braced Frames |
| 257 | 10.9.4 Strength of Concrete Braced Frames 10.9.5 Acceptance Criteria for Concrete Braced Frames 10.9.6 Retrofit Measures for Concrete Braced Frames C10.9.6 Retrofit Measures for Concrete Braced Frames 10.10 Cast-in-Place Concrete Diaphragms 10.10.1 Components of Cast-in-Place Concrete Diaphragms 10.10.2 Analysis, Modeling, and Acceptance Criteria for Cast-in-Place Concrete Diaphragms |
| 258 | 10.10.3 Retrofit Measures for Cast-in-Place Concrete Diaphragms C10.10.3 Retrofit Measures for Cast-in-Place Concrete Diaphragms 10.11 Precast Concrete Diaphragms 10.11.1 Components of Precast Concrete Diaphragms C10.11.1 Components of Precast Concrete Diaphragms 10.11.2 Analysis, Modeling, and Acceptance Criteria for Precast Concrete Diaphragms C10.11.2 Analysis, Modeling, and Acceptance Criteria for Precast Concrete Diaphragms 10.11.3 Retrofit Measures for Precast Concrete Diaphragms C10.11.3 Retrofit Measures for Precast Concrete Diaphragms 10.12 Concrete Foundations 10.12.1 Types of Concrete Foundations |
| 259 | 10.12.2 Analysis of Existing Concrete Foundations C10.12.2 Analysis of Existing Concrete Foundations 10.12.3 Evaluation of Existing Condition 10.12.4 Retrofit Measures for Concrete Foundations C10.12.4 Retrofit Measures for Concrete Foundations |
| 262 | 11 MASONRY 11.1 Scope C11.1 Scope 11.2 Condition Assessment and Material Properties 11.2.1 General |
| 263 | C11.2.1 General 11.2.2 Condition Assessment C11.2.2 Condition Assessment |
| 266 | 11.2.3 Properties of In-Place Materials and Components |
| 269 | 11.2.4 Knowledge Factor 11.3 Masonry Walls C11.3 Masonry Walls |
| 270 | 11.3.1 Types of Masonry Walls C11.3.1 Types of Masonry Walls |
| 271 | 11.3.2 Unreinforced Masonry (URM) Walls and Wall Piers Subject to In-Plane Actions |
| 278 | 11.3.3 Unreinforced Masonry Walls Subject to Out-of-Plane Actions |
| 279 | 11.3.4 Reinforced Masonry Walls and Wall Piers In-Plane |
| 280 | 11.3.5 Reinforced Masonry Wall Out-of-Plane Actions |
| 281 | 11.4 Masonry Infills C11.4 Masonry Infills 11.4.1 Types of Masonry Infills 11.4.2 Masonry Infill In-Plane Actions C11.4.2 Masonry Infill In-Plane Actions |
| 284 | 11.4.3 Masonry Infill Wall Out-of-Plane Actions |
| 285 | 11.5 Anchorage to Masonry Walls 11.5.1 Types of Anchors 11.5.2 Analysis of Anchors C11.5.2 Analysis of Anchors 11.5.3 Quality Assurance for Anchors in Masonry Walls |
| 286 | C11.5.3 Quality Assurance for Anchors in Masonry Walls 11.6 Masonry Foundation Elements 11.6.1 Types of Masonry Foundations C11.6.1 Types of Masonry Foundations 11.6.2 Analysis of Existing Foundations 11.6.3 Foundation Retrofit Measures C11.6.3 Foundation Retrofit Measures |
| 288 | 12 WOOD AND COLD-FORMED STEEL LIGHT FRAME 12.1 Scope C12.1 Scope 12.2 Material Properties and Condition Assessment 12.2.1 General C12.2.1 General |
| 289 | 12.2.2 Properties of In-Place Materials and Components |
| 292 | 12.2.3 Condition Assessment |
| 294 | 12.2.4 Knowledge Factor 12.3 General Assumptions and Requirements 12.3.1 Stiffness 12.3.2 Strength and Acceptance Criteria |
| 295 | 12.3.3 Connection Requirements C12.3.3 Connection Requirements 12.3.4 Components Supporting Discontinuous Shear Walls 12.3.5 Retrofit Measures C12.3.5 Retrofit Measures |
| 296 | 12.4 Wood and CFS Light-Frame Shear Walls 12.4.1 General C12.4.1 General |
| 297 | 12.4.2 Types of Wood Frame Shear Walls |
| 299 | 12.4.3 Types of CFS Light-Frame Shear Walls 12.4.4 Stiffness, Strength, Acceptance Criteria, and Connection Design for Wood Frame Shear Walls |
| 306 | 12.4.5 Stiffness, Strength, Acceptance Criteria, and Connection Design for CFS Light-Frame Shear Walls |
| 307 | 12.5 Wood Diaphragms 12.5.1 General C12.5.1 General 12.5.2 Types of Wood Diaphragms |
| 309 | 12.5.3 Stiffness, Strength, Acceptance Criteria, and Connection Design for Wood Diaphragms |
| 312 | 12.6 Wood Foundations 12.6.1 Types of Wood Foundations C12.6.1 Types of Wood Foundations 12.6.2 Analysis, Strength, and Acceptance Criteria for Wood Foundations |
| 313 | C12.6.2 Analysis, Strength, and Acceptance Criteria for Wood Foundations 12.6.3 Retrofit Measures for Wood Foundations C12.6.3 Retrofit Measures for Wood Foundations 12.7 Other Wood Elements and Components 12.7.1 General C12.7.1 General |
| 314 | 13 ARCHITECTURAL, MECHANICAL, AND ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS 13.1 Scope C13.1 Scope 13.2 Evaluation and Retrofit Procedure for Nonstructural Components |
| 316 | C13.2 Evaluation and Retrofit Procedure for Nonstructural Components 13.2.1 Data Collection and Condition Assessment |
| 317 | C13.2.1 Data Collection and Condition Assessment 13.2.2 Classification of Acceleration-Sensitive and Deformation-Sensitive Components C13.2.2 Classification of Acceleration-Sensitive and Deformation-Sensitive Components 13.3 Component Evaluation |
| 318 | C13.3 Component Evaluation 13.4 Evaluation and Retrofit Procedures 13.4.1 Analytical Procedure C13.4.1 Analytical Procedure 13.4.2 Prescriptive Procedure C13.4.2 Prescriptive Procedure 13.4.3 force Analysis: General Equations |
| 321 | 13.4.4 Deformation Analysis 13.4.5 Component Testing 13.5 Retrofit Approaches C13.5 Retrofit Approaches |
| 322 | 13.6 Architectural Components: Definition, Behavior, and Acceptance Criteria 13.6.1 Exterior Wall Components |
| 326 | 13.6.2 Partitions |
| 327 | 13.6.3 Interior Veneers 13.6.4 Ceilings |
| 328 | 13.6.5 Parapets and Cornices 13.6.6 Architectural Appendages and Marquees |
| 329 | 13.6.7 Chimneys and Stacks 13.6.8 Stairs and Stair Enclosures 13.6.9 Doors Required for Emergency Services Egress in Essential Facilities |
| 330 | 13.7 Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing Components: Definition, Behavior, and Acceptance Criteria 13.7.1 Mechanical Equipment |
| 331 | 13.7.2 Storage Vessels and Water Heaters |
| 332 | 13.7.3 Pressure Piping 13.7.4 Fire Suppression Piping |
| 333 | 13.7.5 Fluid Piping Other than Fire Suppression |
| 334 | 13.7.6 Ductwork 13.7.7 Electrical and Communications Equipment |
| 335 | 13.7.8 Electrical and Communications Distribution Components |
| 336 | 13.7.9 Light Fixtures 13.8 Furnishings and Interior Equipment: Definition, Behavior, and Acceptance Criteria 13.8.1 Storage Racks |
| 337 | 13.8.2 Contents 13.8.3 Computer Access Floors 13.8.4 Hazardous Materials Storage |
| 338 | 13.8.5 Computer and Communication Racks 13.8.6 Elevators |
| 339 | 13.8.7 Conveyors |
| 340 | 14 SEISMIC ISOLATION AND ENERGY DISSIPATION 14.1 Scope C14.1 Scope |
| 341 | 14.2 Seismic Isolation Systems 14.2.1 General Requirements C14.2.1 General Requirements 14.2.2 Mechanical Properties and Modeling of Seismic Isolation Systems C14.2.2 Mechanical Properties and Modeling of Seismic Isolation Systems |
| 348 | 14.2.3 General Criteria for Seismic Isolation Design |
| 350 | 14.2.4 Linear Procedures |
| 352 | 14.2.5 Nonlinear Procedures |
| 353 | 14.2.6 Nonstructural Components 14.2.7 Detailed System Requirements |
| 355 | 14.2.8 Isolation System Testing and Design Properties |
| 357 | 14.3 Passive Energy Dissipation Systems 14.3.1 General Requirements |
| 358 | C14.3.1 General Requirements 14.3.2 Implementation of Energy Dissipation Devices |
| 359 | 14.3.3 Modeling of Energy Dissipation Devices C14.3.3 Modeling of Energy Dissipation Devices |
| 360 | 14.3.4 Linear Analysis Procedures C14.3.4 Linear Analysis Procedures |
| 362 | 14.3.5 Nonlinear Analysis Procedures |
| 364 | 14.3.6 Detailed Systems Requirements 14.3.7 Design Review C14.3.7 Design Review 14.3.8 Required Tests of Energy Dissipation Devices |
| 366 | 14.4 Other Response Control Systems C14.4 Other Response Control Systems |
| 368 | 15 SYSTEM-SPECIFIC PERFORMANCE PROCEDURES 15.1 Scope C15.1 Scope |
| 369 | 15.2 Special Procedure for Unreinforced Masonry 15.2.1 Scope C15.2.1 Scope 15.2.2 General Requirements |
| 371 | 15.2.3 Analysis |
| 376 | 16 TIER 1 CHECKLISTS 16.1 Basic Checklists 16.1.1 Very Low Seismicity Checklist C16.1.1 Very Low Seismicity Checklist 16.1.2LS Life Safety Basic Configuration Checklist C16.1.2LS Life Safety Basic Configuration Checklist |
| 377 | 16.1.2IO Immediate Occupancy Basic Configuration Checklist C16.1.2IO Immediate Occupancy Basic Configuration Checklist |
| 378 | 16.2LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types W1: Wood Light Frames and W1a: Multi-Story, Multi-Unit Residential Wood Frame C16.2LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types W1: Wood Light Frames and W1a: Multi-Story, Multi-Unit Residential Wood Frame |
| 379 | 16.2IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types W1: Wood Light Frames and W1a: Multi-Story, Multi-Unit Residential Wood Frame C16.2IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types W1: Wood Light Frames and W1a: Multi-Story, Multi-Unit Residential Wood Frame |
| 380 | 16.3LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type W2: Wood Frames, Commercial and Industrial C16.3 Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type W2: Wood Frames, Commercial and Industrial |
| 381 | 16.3IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type W2: Wood Frames, Commercial and Industrial C16.3IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type W2: Wood Frames, Commercial and Industrial |
| 382 | 16.4LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types S1: Steel Moment Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and S1a: Steel Moment Frames with Flexible Diaphragms C16.4LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type S1: Steel Moment Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and Type S1a: Steel Moment Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 383 | 16.4IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types S1: Steel Moment Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and S1a: Steel Moment Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 384 | C16.4IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type S1: Steel Moment Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and Type S1a: Steel Moment Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 385 | 16.5LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types S2: Steel Braced Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and S2a: Steel Braced Frames with Flexible Diaphragms C16.5LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types S2: Steel Braced Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and S2a: Steel Braced Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 386 | 16.5IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types S2: Steel Braced Frames and S2a: Steel Braced Frames with Flexible Diaphragms C16.5IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types S2: Steel Braced Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and S2a: Steel Braced Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 387 | 16.6LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type S3: Steel Light Frames |
| 388 | C16.6LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type S3: Steel Light Frames 16.6IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type S3: Steel Light Frames C16.6IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type S3: Steel Light Frames |
| 389 | 16.7LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type S4: Dual Systems with Backup Steel Moment Frames and Stiff Diaphragms C16.7LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type S4: Dual Systems with Backup Steel Moment Frames and Stiff Diaphragms |
| 390 | 16.7IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type S4: Dual Systems with Backup Steel Moment Frames and Stiff Diaphragms C16.7IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type S4: Dual Systems with Backup Steel Moment Frames and Stiff Diaphragms |
| 392 | 16.8LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types S5: Steel Frames with In. ll Masonry Shear Walls and Stiff Diaphragms and S5a: Steel Frames with In.ll Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms C16.8LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types S5: Steel Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Stiff Diaphragms and S5a: Steel Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms |
| 393 | 16.8IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types S5: Steel Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Stiff Diaphragms and S5a: Steel Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms C16.8IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types S5: Steel Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Stiff Diaphragms and S5a: Steel Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms |
| 394 | 16.9LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type C1: Concrete Moment Frames |
| 395 | C16.9LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type C1: Concrete Moment Frames 16.9IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type C1: Concrete Moment Frames |
| 396 | C16.9IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type C1: Concrete Moment Frames |
| 397 | 16.10LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types C2: Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms and C2a: Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms C16.10LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types C2: Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms and C2a: Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 398 | 16.10IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types C2: Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms and C2a: Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms C16.10IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types C2: Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms and C2a: Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 399 | 16.11LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types C3: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and C3a: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms C16.11LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types C3: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and C3a: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms |
| 400 | 16.11IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types C3: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Stiff Diaphragms and C3a: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms C16.11IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types C3: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and C3a: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms |
| 402 | 16.12LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types PC1: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and PC1a: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms C16.12LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types PC1: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and PC1a: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 403 | 16.12IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types PC1: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and PC1a: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms C16.12IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types PC1: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and PC1a: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 404 | 16.13LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2: Precast Concrete Frames with Shear Walls C16.13LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2: Precast Concrete Frames with Shear Walls |
| 405 | 16.13IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2: Precast Concrete Frames with Shear Walls C16.13IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2: Precast Concrete Frames with Shear Walls |
| 406 | 16.14LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2a: Precast Concrete Frames without Shear Walls C16.14LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2a: Precast Concrete Frames without Shear Walls |
| 407 | 16.14IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2a: Precast Concrete Frames without Shear Walls C16.14IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2a: Precast Concrete Frames without Shear Walls |
| 408 | 16.15LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types RM1: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and RM2: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms C16.15LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types RM1: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and RM2: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 409 | 16.15IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types RM1: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls and RM1a: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms C16.15IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types RM1: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and RM1a: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 410 | 16.16LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types URM: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and URMa: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms C16.16LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types URM: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and URMa: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 411 | 16.16IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types URM: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and URMa: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 412 | C16.16IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types URM: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and URMa: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 413 | 16.17 Nonstructural Checklist C16.17 Nonstructural Checklist |
| 418 | 17 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 17.1 Consensus Standards and Other Reference Documents |
| 419 | C17.1 Commentary References |
| 428 | APPENDIX A: GUIDELINES FOR DEFICIENCY-BASED PROCEDURES A.1 General A.2 Procedures for Building Systems A.2.1 General |
| 429 | A.2.2 Configuration |
| 432 | A.2.3 Condition of Materials |
| 434 | A.3 Procedures for Seismic-Force-Resisting Systems A.3.1 Moment Frames |
| 440 | A.3.2 Shear Walls |
| 446 | A.3.3 Braced Frames |
| 449 | A.4 Procedures for Diaphragms A.4.1 General |
| 452 | A.4.2 Wood Diaphragms |
| 453 | A.4.3 Metal Deck Diaphragms A.4.4 Concrete Diaphragms |
| 454 | A.4.5 Precast Concrete Diaphragms A.4.6 Horizontal Bracing A.4.7 Other Diaphragms A.5 Procedures for Connections A.5.1 Anchorage for Normal forces |
| 455 | A.5.2 Shear Transfer |
| 456 | A.5.3 Vertical Components |
| 457 | A.5.4 Interconnection of Elements |
| 458 | A.5.5 Panel Connections A.6 Procedures for Geologic Site Hazards and Foundations A.6.1 Geologic Site Hazards |
| 459 | A.6.2 Foundation Configuration A.7 Procedures for Nonstructural Components |
| 460 | A.7.1 Partitions A.7.2 Ceiling Systems |
| 461 | A.7.3 Light Fixtures A.7.4 Cladding and Glazing |
| 462 | A.7.5 Masonry Veneer |
| 463 | A.7.6 Metal Stud Backup Systems A.7.7 Concrete Block and Masonry Back-up Systems A.7.8 Parapets, Cornices, Ornamentation, and Appendages A.7.9 Masonry Chimneys A.7.10 Stairs |
| 464 | A.7.11 Building Contents and Furnishing A.7.12 Mechanical and Electrical Equipment |
| 465 | A.7.13 Piping |
| 466 | A.7.14 Ducts A.7.15 Hazardous Materials |
| 467 | A.7.16 Elevators |
| 468 | APPENDIX B: APPLYING ASCE 41-13 IN BUILDING CODES, REGULATORY POLICIES, AND MITIGATION PROGRAMS B.1 Introduction B.2 Mandatory Mitigation B.2.1 Performance Objectives |
| 469 | B.2.2 Implementation Issues B.2.3 Historic Buildings B.2.4 Example Programs |
| 470 | B.3 Voluntary Mitigation B.3.1 Performance Objectives |
| 471 | B.3.2 Implementation Issues B.3.3 Historic Buildings B.3.4 Example Programs B.4 Triggered Mitigation B.4.1 Performance Objectives |
| 472 | B.4.2 Implementation Issues B.4.3 Historic Buildings B.4.4 Example Programs |
| 474 | APPENDIX C: Summary Data Sheet |
| 475 | Tier 1 Checklists 16.1 Basic Checklist |
| 476 | 16.1.2LS Life Safety Basic Configuration Checklist |
| 477 | 16.1.2IO Immediate Occupancy Basic Configuration Checklist |
| 478 | 16.2LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types W1: Wood Light Frames and W1a: Multi-Story, Multi-Unit Residential Wood Frame |
| 480 | 16.2IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types W1: Wood Light Frames and W1a: Multi-Story, Multi-Unit Residential Wood Frame |
| 482 | 16.3LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type W2: Wood Frames, Commercial and Industrial |
| 484 | 16.3IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type W2: Wood Frames, Commercial and Industrial |
| 486 | 16.4LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types S1: Steel Moment Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and S1a: Steel Moment Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 488 | 16.4IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types S1: Steel Moment Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and S1a: Steel Moment Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 490 | 16.5LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types S2: Steel Braced Frames with Stiff Diaphragms and S2a: Steel Braced Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 492 | 16.5IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types S2: Steel Braced Frames and S2a: Steel Braced Frames with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 494 | 16.6LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type S3: Steel Light Frames |
| 495 | 16.6IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type S3: Steel Light Frames |
| 497 | 16.7LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type S4: Dual Systems with Backup Steel Moment Frames and Stiff Diaphragms |
| 499 | 16.7IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type S4: Dual Systems with Backup Steel Moment Frames and Stiff Diaphragms |
| 502 | 16.8LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types S5: Steel Frames with In. ll Masonry Shear Walls and Stiff Diaphragms and S5a: Steel Frames with In.ll Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms |
| 504 | 16.8IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types S5: Steel Frames with In. ll Masonry Shear Walls and Stiff Diaphragms and S5a: Steel Frames with In. ll Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms |
| 506 | 16.9LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type C1: Concrete Moment Frames |
| 508 | 16.9IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type C1: Concrete Moment Frames |
| 510 | 16.10LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types C2: Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms and C2a: Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 512 | 16.10IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types C2: Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms and C2a: Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms |
| 514 | 16.11LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types C3: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and C3a: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms |
| 516 | 16.11IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types C3: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Stiff Diaphragms and C3a: Concrete Frames with Infill Masonry Shear Walls and Flexible Diaphragms |
| 518 | 16.12LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types PC1: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and PC1a: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 520 | 16.12IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types PC1: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and PC1a: Precast or Tilt-Up Concrete Shear Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 522 | 16.13LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2: Precast Concrete Frames with Shear Walls |
| 524 | 16.13IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2: Precast Concrete Frames with Shear Walls |
| 526 | 16.14LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2a: Precast Concrete Frames without Shear Walls |
| 528 | 16.14IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Type PC2a: Precast Concrete Frames without Shear Walls |
| 530 | 16.15LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types RM1: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and RM2: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 532 | 16.15IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types RM1: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls and RM1a: Reinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 534 | 16.16LS Life Safety Structural Checklist for Building Types URM: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and URMa: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 536 | 16.16IO Immediate Occupancy Structural Checklist for Building Types URM: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Flexible Diaphragms and URMa: Unreinforced Masonry Bearing Walls with Stiff Diaphragms |
| 538 | 16.17 Nonstructural Checklist |
| 544 | INDEX A B |
| 545 | C |
| 546 | D |
| 547 | E F |
| 548 | G H I J K L |
| 549 | M |
| 550 | N O P |
| 551 | Q R |
| 552 | S |
| 553 | T |
| 554 | U |
| 555 | V W X Y |
