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ASHRAE Standard 204 2020

ASHRAE Standard 204 2020

$38.46

ASHRAE Standard 204-2020 — Method of Test for Rating Micro Combined Heat and Power Devices (ANSI Approved)

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASHRAE 2020 38
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Standard 204 provides a robust uniform laboratory test method for determining the net electrical power generating performance and thermal power recovery performance of micro combined heat and power devices whose maximum net electrical power output is less than 50 kW and whose maximum useful thermal power output is less than 300 kW. The standard specifies the equipment and instrumentation required, test methods, and calculation procedures.

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PDF Pages PDF Title
1 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 204-2020
3 CONTENTS
4 FOREWORD
1. PURPOSE
2. SCOPE
3. DEFINITIONS, ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS, AND PREFIXES
3.1 Definitions
5 3.2 Abbreviations
6 3.3 Symbols
7 3.4 Prefixes
4. TEST BOUNDARY
4.1 Device. The device is a micro combined heat and power piece of equipment, or a mechanism offered by the manufacturer, designed to serve a special purpose or to perform a special function. Two categories of stationary micro combined heat and power…
4.2 Test Boundary. The test boundary encompasses the micro combined heat and power device. Energy performance attributes and calculations require the measurement of all energy streams entering and leaving the test boundary. All measurements are measu…
8 4.3 Common energy streams include the following:
5. DATA COLLECTION
5.1 Instrumentation. The instruments used for testing the micro-CHP device shall comply with the minimum requirements as shown in Table 1. These instruments shall be used for referencing standard test conditions, steady state verification, and test c…
5.2 Measurement. Measurements shall be taken and determined at a maximum interval of five (5) seconds and a minimum data collection period of fifteen (15) minutes at the test boundary.
10 6. TEST PROCEDURES
6.1 Installation. The device shall be installed and operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions unless specifically required otherwise by the test method. The device shall be equipped with the instrumentation and measurement methods d…
6.2 Test Setup Requirements
11 6.3 Tests. Tests shall be conducted under the fixed conditions specified in Table 3 and variable conditions specified in Table 4. Deviations from the specified testing conditions, such as operating at electrical output of 74% rather than a specified …
12 7. CALCULATIONS
7.1 Efficiency
13 7.2 Fuel Energy Input
14 7.3 Fuel Heating Value
7.4 Electrical Energy Output. Electrical energy output shall be calculated and reported based on the real power indication (electrical energy output) as measured at the device test boundary.
15 7.5 Heat Recovery Output. Heat recovery output shall be calculated using either specific heat or specific enthalpy values and measuring heat transfer fluid or mass flow rate(s) and the heat recovery fluid inlet and outlet temperatures or enthalpies a…
16 8. REPORTING
8.1 Scope. The detailed format of the test report is left to the discretion of the testing organization and the organization sponsoring the testing.
8.2 Overall Test Information. The test report shall include a description of the test site location and configuration and the detailed boundary document prepared for the specific tests, including all instrument locations. The dates of testing are to …
17 9. REFERENCES
18 NORMATIVE APPENDIX A: HEAT OF COMBUSTION, THE HIGHER AND LOWER HEATING VALUE OF FUELS
A1. Relating LHV to HHV
A2. Heating Values of Fuel Mixture Species
20 NORMATIVE APPENDIX B: EXAMPLES OF TEST BOUNDARY CONFIGURATION DIAGRAMS
B1. Unitary Boundary Configurations
B2. Nonunitary Boundary Configurations
24 NORMATIVE APPENDIX C: FLUID MEASUREMENTS AND CALCULATIONS
C1. SCOPE
C2. Flowmeter
C2.1 General. The general terms related to flowmeters implemented in this document are described in the following sections.
C2.2 Range. The flowmeter range shall be within the range of flow rates used in the test procedures.
C2.3 Pressure Drop. The flowmeter pressure drop shall not exceed the allowable pressure drop defined in the test procedure.
C3. Flow Rate
C3.1 Volumetric Flow Rate. A flow rate measurement in volume per unit of time. All flowmeters measure volumetric flow rates.
25 C3.2 Mass Flow Rate. A flow rate measurement in mass per unit of time. Flowmeters with integrated static pressure and temperature sensors can compensate for fluid density, expansibility, and viscosity changes needed to measure mass flow rates.
C3.3 Mass Flow Calculation. The mass flow rate of the working fluid shall be calculated from the volumetric flow rate and density measurements using Equation C-5 or C-6 in SI or I- P units, respectively:
C4. Density
C4.1 Incompressible Fluids. The density of an incompressible fluid is a function of its temperature only. Therefore, the density of an incompressible fluid shall be calculated from its temperature. For water, the specific volume is listed in the 2013…
26 C4.2 Compressible Fluids. The density of a compressible fluid is a function of its temperature and static pressure and shall be calculated using the ideal gas law in Equations C-7 or C-8 in SI and I-P units, respectively:
27 C5. Reference Conditions
C5.1 Actual Volumetric Flow Rate. The actual volumetric flow rate is measured directly from the working fluid at its operating conditions.
C5.2 Standard Volumetric Flow Rate. The standard volumetric rate shall be determined from the actual volumetric flow rate measurement and standardized working fluid density and shall be calculated using Equation C-9:
C5.3 Actual Velocity. The actual velocity is directly measured from the working fluid at its operating conditions.
C5.4 Standard Velocity. The standard velocity shall be determined from the actual velocity measurement and standardized working fluid density and shall be calculated using Equation C-10:
C6. Mass
C7. Temperature
C7.1 General. Any associated readout instrumentation used for measuring temperature shall be in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 41.1, Standard Method for Temperature Measurement 8.
C7.2 Temperature. The temperature of a working fluid in a duct shall be measured with a thermocouple grid as shown in Figure C-3.
28 C7.3 Absolute Temperature. The absolute temperature is the temperature measurement in units of Ā°C (Ā°F) based upon an absolute scale K (Ā°R) and shall be calculated using Equations C-12 or C-13:
29 C8. Pressure
C8.1 Gage Pressure. The gage pressure is a pressure minus the barometric pressure measurement.
C8.2 Static Pressure. The static pressure measurement of fluid in a duct shall be performed with four taps as shown in Figure C-4. The static pressure measured at each tap shall be connected to a manifold that is connected to the pressure transmitter.
C8.3 Barometric Pressure. The barometric pressure commonly referred to as ambient air pressure is the measurement of the pressure of the air in the atmosphere.
C8.4 Absolute Pressure. The absolute pressure measurement of a fluid is a gaged pressure measurement of a working fluid referenced to a preferred vacuum and shall be calculated using Equation C-14:
30 NORMATIVE APPENDIX D: REPORTS
D1. Data Collection Report
D2. Electrical Output and Heat Recovery Energy Production Test Report
D3. Summary Performance Test Report
33 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX E: CRITERIA POLLUTANT EMISSIONS (OPTIONAL)
E1. Corrected Gas Concentration
E2. F-Factor
E3. Emission Rates
35 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX F: SOUND EMISSIONS (OPTIONAL)
36 INFORMATIVE APPENDIX G: INFORMATIVE REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

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ASHRAE Standard 204 2020
$38.46