ASME A17.1 2022

$98.04

ASME A17.1/CSA B44 – 2022 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators

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ASME	2022

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Description

The ASME A17.1 / CSA B44 Safety Code for Elevators and Escalators has become the accepted guide throughout North America for the design, construction, installation, operation, inspection, testing, maintenance, alteration, and repair of elevators, escalators and related conveyances.

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PDF Pages	PDF Title
4	CONTENTS
12	ASME FOREWORD
17	ASME A17 COMMITTEE ELEVATORS AND ESCALATORS
24	CSA B44 TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON THE ELEVATOR SAFETY CODE
25	CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE A17 COMMITTEE
27	ASME PREFACE
30	CSA PREFACE
31	ASME A17.1-2022/CSA B44:22 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
42	Part 1 General SECTION 1.1 SCOPE 1.1.1 Equipment Covered by This Code 1.1.2 Equipment Not Covered by This Code 1.1.3 Application of Parts 1.1.4 Effective Date
43	SECTION 1.2 PURPOSE AND EXCEPTIONS 1.2.1 Purpose 1.2.2 Exceptions to ASME A17.1/CSA B44 SECTION 1.3 DEFINITIONS
61	Part 2 Electric Elevators SCOPE SECTION 2.1 CONSTRUCTION OF HOISTWAYS AND HOISTWAY ENCLOSURES 2.1.1 Hoistway Enclosures
62	2.1.2 Construction at Top and Bottom of the Hoistway 2.1.3 Floor Over Hoistways 2.1.4 Control of Smoke and Hot Gases
63	2.1.5 Windows and Skylights 2.1.6 Projections, Recesses, and Setbacks in Hoistway Enclosures 2.1.7 Illumination of Hoistways SECTION 2.2 PITS 2.2.1 General 2.2.2 Design and Construction of Pits
64	2.2.3 Guards Between Adjacent Pits 2.2.4 Pit Access
65	2.2.5 Illumination of Pits 2.2.6 Stop Switch in Pits 2.2.7 Minimum Pit Depths Required
66	2.2.8 Access to Underside of Car 2.2.9 Flood Detection Means SECTION 2.3 LOCATION AND GUARDING OF COUNTERWElGHTS 2.3.1 Location of Counterweights 2.3.2 Counterweight Guards 2.3.3 Remote Counterweight Hoistways
67	2.3.4 Counterweight Runway Enclosures SECTION 2.4 VERTICAL CLEARANCES AND RUNBYS FOR CARS AND COUNTERWEIGHTS 2.4.1 Bottom Car Clearances 2.4.2 Minimum Bottom Runby for Counterweighted Elevators 2.4.3 Minimum Bottom Runby for Uncounterweighted Elevators
68	2.4.4 Maximum Bottom Runby 2.4.5 Counterweight Runby Data Plate 2.4.6 Maximum Upward Movement of the Car 2.4.7 Top-of-Car Clearances
69	2.4.8 Top of Counterweight Clearances 2.4.9 Equipment on Top of Car Not Permitted to Strike Overhead Structure SECTION 2.5 HORIZONTAL CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT CLEARANCES 2.5.1 Clearances Between Cars, Counterweights, and Hoistway Enclosures
70	SECTION 2.6 PROTECTION OF SPACE BELOW HOISTWAYS 2.6.1 Where the Space Is Underneath the Counterweight and/or Its Guides 2.6.2 Where the Space Is Underneath the Car and/or Its Guides SECTION 2.7 MACHINERY SPACES, MACHINE ROOMS, CONTROL SPACES, AND CONTROL ROOMS 2.7.1 Enclosure of Rooms and Spaces 2.7.2 Maintenance Path and Clearance
71	2.7.3 Access to Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms
72	2.7.4 Headroom in Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms
73	2.7.5 Working Areas Inside the Hoistway and in the Pit
75	2.7.6 Location of Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, Control Rooms, and Equipment
77	2.7.7 Machine Rooms and Control Rooms Underneath the Hoistway 2.7.8 Remote Machine Rooms, Control Rooms, and Control Spaces
78	2.7.9 Lighting, Temperature, and Humidity in Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms SECTION 2.8 EQUIPMENT IN HOISTWAYS, MACHINERY SPACES, MACHINE ROOMS, CONTROL SPACES, AND CONTROL ROOMS 2.8.1 Equipment Allowed 2.8.2 Electrical Equipment and Wiring
79	2.8.3 Pipes, Ducts, Tanks, and Sprinklers
80	2.8.4 Electrical Heaters 2.8.5 Air Conditioning 2.8.6 Miscellaneous Equipment 2.8.7 Emergency Responder Radio Coverage Equipment Inside Hoistways
81	SECTION 2.9 MACHINERY AND SHEAVE BEAMS, SUPPORTS, AND FOUNDATIONS 2.9.1 Supports Required
82	2.9.2 Loads on Machinery and Sheave Beams, Floors, or Foundations and Their Supports 2.9.3 Securing of Machinery and Equipment to Beams, Foundations, Guide Rails, Structural Walls, or Floors
83	2.9.4 Allowable Stresses for Machinery and Sheave Beams or Floors, Their Supports, and Any Support Members That Transmit Load to the Guide Rails or Structural Walls 2.9.5 Allowable Deflections of Machinery and Sheave Beams, Their Supports, and Any Support Members Loaded in Bending That Transmit Load to Guide Rails or Structural Walls 2.9.6 Allowable Stresses Due to Emergency Braking SECTION 2.10 GUARDING OF EQUIPMENT AND STANDARD RAILING 2.10.1 Guarding of Equipment
84	2.10.2 Standard Railing SECTION 2.11 PROTECTION OF HOISTWAY OPENINGS 2.11.1 Entrances and Emergency Doors Required 2.11.2 Types of Entrances
85	2.11.3 Closing of Hoistway Doors 2.11.4 Location of Horizontally Sliding or Swinging Hoistway Doors 2.11.5 Projection of Entrances and Other Equipment Beyond the Landing Sills 2.11.6 Opening of Hoistway Doors
86	2.11.7 Glass in Hoistway Doors
87	2.11.8 Weights for Closing or Balancing Doors 2.11.9 Hoistway Door Locking Devices and Power Operation 2.11.10 Landing-Sill Guards, Landing-Sill Illumination, Hinged Landing Sills, and Tracks on Landings 2.11.11 Entrances, Horizontal Slide Type
89	2.11.12 Entrances, Vertical Slide Type
90	2.11.13 Entrances, Swinging Type
91	2.11.14 Fire Tests 2.11.15 Marking 2.11.16 Factory Inspections
92	2.11.17 Transoms and Fixed Side Panels 2.11.18 Installation Instructions 2.11.19 Gasketing of Hoistway Entrances SECTION 2.12 HOISTWAY DOOR LOCKING DEVICES AND CLOSED DETECTION MEANS, AND HOISTWAY ACCESS SWITCHES 2.12.1 General 2.12.2 Interlocks
94	2.12.3 Hoistway Door Combination Mechanical Locks and Closed Detection Means
95	2.12.4 Listing/Certification of Door Locking Devices and Door or Gate Closed Detection Means 2.12.5 Reserved for Future Use 2.12.6 Hoistway Door Unlocking Devices 2.12.7 Hoistway Access Switches
97	SECTION 2.13 POWER OPERATION OF HOISTWAY DOORS AND CAR DOORS 2.13.1 Types of Doors and Gates Permitted 2.13.2 Power Opening
98	2.13.3 Power Closing
101	2.13.4 Closing Limitations for Power-Operated Horizontally Sliding Hoistway Doors and Horizontally Sliding Car Doors or Gates
102	2.13.5 Reopening Device(s) for Power-Operated Horizontally Sliding Doors and Gates
104	2.13.6 Sequence Operation for Power-Operated Hoistway Doors With Car Doors or Gates SECTION 2.14 CAR ENCLOSURES, CAR DOORS AND GATES, AND CAR ILLUMINATION 2.14.1 Passenger and Freight Enclosures, General
106	2.14.2 Passenger-Car Enclosures
108	2.14.3 Freight-Car Enclosure 2.14.4 Passenger and Freight Car Doors and Gates, General Requirements
110	2.14.5 Passenger Car Doors
112	2.14.6 Freight Elevator Car Doors and Gates 2.14.7 Illumination of Cars and Lighting Fixtures
114	SECTION 2.15 CAR FRAMES AND PLATFORMS 2.15.1 Car Frames Required 2.15.2 Guiding Means 2.15.3 Design of Car Frames and Guiding Members 2.15.4 Underslung or Sub-Post Frames 2.15.5 Car Platforms 2.15.6 Materials for Car Frames and Platform Frames
115	2.15.7 Car Frame and Platform Connections 2.15.8 Protection of Platforms Against Fire 2.15.9 Platform Guards (Aprons)
116	2.15.10 Maximum Allowable Stresses in Car Frame and Platform Members and Connections 2.15.11 Maximum Allowable Deflections of Car Frame and Platform Members 2.15.12 Car Frames With Sheaves Tables Table 2.15.10.1 Maximum Allowable Stresses in Car Frame and Platform Members and Connections, for Steels Specified in 2.15.6.2.1 and 2.15.6.2.2
117	2.15.13 Suspension-Rope Hitch Plates or Shapes 2.15.14 Calculation of Stresses in Car-Frame and Platform-Frame Members 2.15.15 Platform Side Braces 2.15.16 Hinged Platform Sills 2.15.17 Fastening of Compensation Means SECTION 2.16 CAPACITY AND LOADING 2.16.1 Minimum Rated Load for Passenger Elevators
118	2.16.2 Minimum Rated Load for Freight Elevators Figures Figure 2.16.1.1 Inside Net Platform Areas for Passenger Elevators
119	2.16.3 Capacity and Data Plates 2.16.4 Carrying of Passengers on Freight Elevators Table 2.16.1.1 Maximum Inside Net Platform Areas for the Various Rated Loads
120	2.16.5 Signs Required in Freight Elevator Cars 2.16.6 Overloading of Freight Elevators 2.16.7 Carrying of One-Piece Loads Exceeding the Rated Load
121	2.16.8 Additional Requirements for Passenger Overload in the Down Direction 2.16.9 Special Loading Means SECTION 2.17 CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES 2.17.1 Where Required and Location
122	2.17.2 Duplex Safeties 2.17.3 Function and Stopping Distance of Safeties 2.17.4 Counterweight Safeties 2.17.5 Identification and Classification of Types of Safeties 2.17.6 Reserved for Future Use 2.17.7 Governor-Actuated Safeties and Car Safety Mechanism Switches Required 2.17.8 Limits of Use of Various Types of Safeties
123	Table 2.17.3 Maximum and Minimum Stopping Distances for Type B Car Safeties With Rated Load at Maximum Car Governor Tripping Speed
124	2.17.9 Application and Release of Safeties 2.17.10 Minimum Permissible Clearance Between Rail-Gripping Faces of Safety Parts 2.17.11 Maximum Permissible Movement of Governor Rope to Operate the Safety Mechanism 2.17.12 Minimum Factors of Safety and Stresses of Safety Parts and Rope Connections
125	2.17.13 Corrosion-Resistant Bearings in Safeties and Safety-Operating Mechanisms 2.17.14 Marking Plates for Safeties 2.17.15 Governor-Rope Releasing Carriers 2.17.16 Rail Lubricants and Lubrication Plate SECTION 2.18 SPEED GOVERNORS 2.18.1 Speed Governors Required and Location 2.18.2 Tripping Speeds for Speed Governors 2.18.3 Sealing and Painting of Speed Governors
126	2.18.4 Speed Governor Overspeed Switch Table 2.18.2.1 Maximum Car Speeds at Which Speed Governor Trips and Governor Overspeed Switch Operates
127	2.18.5 Governor Ropes 2.18.6 Design of Governor-Rope Retarding Means for Type B Safeties
128	2.18.7 Design of Speed Governor Sheaves and Traction Between Speed Governor Rope and Sheave 2.18.8 Factors of Safety in Load-Bearing Parts of Speed Governor 2.18.9 Speed Governor Marking Plate SECTION 2.19 ASCENDING CAR OVERSPEED AND UNINTENDED CAR MOVEMENT PROTECTION 2.19.1 Ascending Car Overspeed Protection Table 2.18.7.4 Multiplier for Determining Governor Sheave Pitch Diameter
129	2.19.2 Unintended Car Movement Protection
130	2.19.3 Emergency Brake (See Nonmandatory Appendix F)
131	2.19.4 Emergency Brake Supports SECTION 2.20 SUSPENSION MEANS AND THEIR CONNECTIONS 2.20.1 Suspension Means 2.20.2 Suspension Means Data 2.20.3 Factor of Safety
132	2.20.4 Minimum Number and Diameter of Suspension Means 2.20.5 Suspension Member Equalizers Table 2.20.3 Minimum Factors of Safety for Suspension Members
133	2.20.6 Securing of Suspension Steel Wire Ropes to Winding Drums 2.20.7 Rope Turns on Winding Drums 2.20.8 Suspension Means Monitoring and Protection
134	2.20.9 Suspension Member Fastening
135	Figure 2.20.9.4 Tapered Rope Sockets
136	Figure 2.20.9.5 Wedge Rope Sockets Table 2.20.9.4.5 Relation of Rope Diameter to Diameter of the Small Socket Hole
139	2.20.10 Auxiliary Rope Fastening Devices 2.20.11 Suspension Member Test
140	SECTION 2.21 COUNTERWEIGHTS 2.21.1 General Requirements 2.21.2 Design Requirements for Frames and Rods 2.21.3 Cars Counterbalancing One Another 2.21.4 Compensation Means
141	SECTION 2.22 BUFFERS AND BUMPERS 2.22.1 Type and Location 2.22.2 Solid Bumpers 2.22.3 Spring Buffers Table 2.22.3.1 Minimum Spring Buffer Strokes
142	2.22.4 Oil Buffers
143	Table 2.22.4.1 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes
144	2.22.5 Elastomeric Buffers SECTION 2.23 CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT GUIDE RAILS, GUIDE-RAIL SUPPORTS, AND FASTENINGS 2.23.1 Guide Rails Required 2.23.2 Material
145	2.23.3 Rail Section 2.23.4 Maximum Load on Rails in Relation to the Bracket Spacing Figure 2.23.3 Elevator Guide Rails Table 2.23.3 T-Section Guide-Rail Dimensions
146	2.23.5 Stresses and Deflections
147	Figure 2.23.4.1-1 Maximum Weight of a Car With Rated Load or of Counterweight With Safety Device for a Pair of Guide Rails as Specified in 2.23.4.1
148	Figure 2.23.4.1-2 Minimum Moment of Inertia About x–x Axis for a Single Guide Rail With Its Reinforcement
151	2.23.6 Guide-Rail Surfaces 2.23.7 Rail Joints and Fishplates Table 2.23.4.2 Load Multiplying Factor for Duplex Safeties
152	2.23.8 Overall Length of Guide Rails 2.23.9 Guide-Rail Brackets and Building Supports Table 2.23.4.3.1 Guide Rails for Counterweight Without Safeties Table 2.23.4.3.3 Intermediate Tie Brackets
153	2.23.10 Fastening of Guide Rails to Rail Brackets SECTION 2.24 DRIVING MACHINES AND SHEAVES 2.24.1 Type of Driving Machines Table 2.23.7.2.1 Minimum Thickness of Fishplates and Minimum Diameter of Fastening Bolts Table 2.23.10.2 Minimum Size of Rail-Fastening Bolts
154	2.24.2 Sheaves and Drums
155	2.24.3 Factor of Safety for Driving Machines, Driving Machine Brakes, Sheaves, and Drums 2.24.4 Fasteners and Connections Transmitting Load 2.24.5 Shaft Fillets and Keys 2.24.6 Cast Iron Worms and Worm Gears 2.24.7 Friction Gearing and Clutches 2.24.8 Braking System and Driving-Machine Brakes (See Nonmandatory Appendix F, Table F-1)
157	2.24.9 Indirect Driving Machines 2.24.10 Means for Inspection of Gears SECTION 2.25 TERMINAL STOPPING DEVICES 2.25.1 General Requirements 2.25.2 Normal Terminal Stopping Devices
158	2.25.3 Final Terminal Stopping Devices
159	2.25.4 Emergency Terminal Stopping Means
161	SECTION 2.26 OPERATING DEVICES AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT 2.26.1 Operation and Operating Devices
165	2.26.2 Electrical Protective Devices
167	2.26.3 Contactors and Relays for Use in Critical Operating Circuits 2.26.4 Electrical Equipment and Wiring
168	2.26.5 System to Monitor and Prevent Automatic Operation of the Elevator With Faulty Door Circuits
169	Table 2.26.4.3.2 SIL for Electrical Protective Devices and Other Electrical Safety Functions
170	2.26.6 Phase Protection of Motors 2.26.7 Installation of Capacitors or Other Devices or Means to Make Electrical Protective Devices Ineffective
171	2.26.8 Release and Application of Driving-Machine Brakes 2.26.9 Control and Operating Circuits
173	2.26.10 Absorption of Regenerated Power 2.26.11 Car Platform to Hoistway Door Sills Vertical Distance 2.26.12 Symbols 2.26.13 Remote Interaction Operation
174	Table 2.26.12.1 Symbol Identification
175	2.26.14 Test Enable Operation
177	SECTION 2.27 EMERGENCY OPERATION AND SIGNALING DEVICES 2.27.1 Car Emergency Signaling Devices
179	2.27.2 Emergency or Standby Power
181	2.27.3 Firefighters’ Emergency Operation: Automatic Elevators
182	Figure 2.27.3.1.6 Visual Signal
187	2.27.4 Firefighters’ Emergency Operation: Nonautomatic Elevators Figure 2.27.3.3.7 Panel Layout
188	2.27.5 Firefighters’ Emergency Operation: Automatic Elevators With Designated-Attendant Operation
189	2.27.6 Firefighters’ Emergency Operation or Occupant Evacuation Operation: Inspection Operation 2.27.7 Firefighters’ Emergency Operation: Operating Procedures 2.27.8 Switch Keys Figure 2.27.7.1 Phase I Emergency Recall Operation Instructions
190	2.27.9 Elevator Corridor Call Station Pictograph 2.27.10 Elevator(s) for Use by Firefighters Figure 2.27.7.2 Phase II Emergency In-Car Operation
191	2.27.11 Occupant Evacuation Operation Figure 2.27.8 FEO-K1 Key
192	Figure 2.27.9 Elevator Corridor Call Station Pictograph
195	2.27.12 Emergency Responder Radio Coverage Equipment Inside Cars
196	2.27.13 Flood Detection Operation SECTION 2.28 LAYOUT DRAWINGS 2.28.1 Information Required on Layout Drawings
197	SECTION 2.29 IDENTIFICATION 2.29.1 Identification of Equipment 2.29.2 Identification of Floors
198	SECTION 2.30 SWAY CONTROL GUIDES 2.30.1 General Requirements 2.30.2 Suspension Means 2.30.3 Abrasion Protection 2.30.4 Guiding Members
199	Part 3 Hydraulic Elevators SCOPE SECTION 3.1 CONSTRUCTION OF HOISTWAYS AND HOISTWAY ENCLOSURES 3.1.1 Strength of Pit Floor 3.1.2 Floors Over Hoistways SECTION 3.2 PITS 3.2.1 Minimum Pit Depths Required SECTION 3.3 LOCATION AND GUARDING OF COUNTERWEIGHTS SECTION 3.4 BOTTOM AND TOP CLEARANCES AND RUNBYS FOR CARS AND COUNTERWEIGHTS 3.4.1 Bottom Car Clearance
200	3.4.2 Minimum Bottom and Top Car Runby 3.4.3 Car Top and Bottom Maximum Runby 3.4.4 Maximum Upward Movement 3.4.5 Top-of-Car Clearances 3.4.6 Top Clearance and Bottom Runby of Counterweight 3.4.7 Equipment on Top of Car Not Permitted to Strike Overhead Structure 3.4.8 Clearances Above Hydraulic Jack Projecting Above the Car SECTION 3.5 HORIZONTAL CAR AND COUNTERWEIGHT CLEARANCES
201	SECTION 3.6 PROTECTION OF SPACES BELOW HOISTWAY 3.6.1 Jack-Supporting Structure 3.6.2 Counterweight Safety Actuation 3.6.3 Buffer Types 3.6.4 Buffer Supports SECTION 3.7 MACHINERY SPACES, MACHINE ROOMS, CONTROL SPACES, AND CONTROL ROOMS 3.7.1 Requirements
202	SECTION 3.8 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, WIRING, PIPES, AND DUCTS IN HOISTWAY, MACHINERY SPACES, MACHINE ROOMS, CONTROL SPACES, AND CONTROL ROOMS SECTION 3.9 MACHINERY AND SHEAVE BEAMS, SUPPORTS, AND FOUNDATIONS SECTION 3.10 GUARDING OF EXPOSED AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SECTION 3.11 PROTECTION OF HOISTWAY LANDING OPENINGS 3.11.1 Emergency Doors SECTION 3.12 HOISTWAY DOOR LOCKING DEVICES, CLOSED DETECTION MEANS, AND HOISTWAY ACCESS SWITCHES 3.12.1 General 3.12.2 Car Door or Gate Closed Detection Means and Car Door Interlocks SECTION 3.13 POWER OPERATION, POWER OPENING, AND POWER CLOSING OF HOISTWAY DOORS AND CAR DOORS OR GATES SECTION 3.14 CAR ENCLOSURES, CAR DOORS AND GATES, AND CAR ILLUMINATION SECTION 3.15 CAR FRAMES AND PLATFORMS 3.15.1 Requirements
203	3.15.2 Maximum Allowable Stresses and Deflections in Car Frame and Platform Members 3.15.3 Calculations of Stresses and Deflections in Car Frame and Platform Members SECTION 3.16 CAPACITY AND LOADING 3.16.1 Minimum Rated Load for Passenger Elevators 3.16.2 Minimum Rated Load for Freight Elevators 3.16.3 Capacity and Data Plates 3.16.4 Carrying of Passengers on Freight Elevators 3.16.5 Signs Required in Freight Elevators 3.16.6 Overloading of Freight Elevators 3.16.7 One-Piece Loads Exceeding the Rated Load 3.16.8 Additional Requirements for Passenger Overload 3.16.9 Special Loading Means SECTION 3.17 CAR SAFETIES, COUNTERWEIGHT SAFETIES, PLUNGER GRIPPER, AND GOVERNORS 3.17.1 Car Safeties
204	3.17.2 Counterweight Safeties 3.17.3 Plunger Gripper
205	3.17.4 Governors SECTION 3.18 HYDRAULIC JACKS 3.18.1 Hydraulic Jack and Connections
206	3.18.2 Plungers 3.18.3 Cylinders
207	3.18.4 Plunger Stops 3.18.5 Welding
208	3.18.6 Marking of the Hydraulic Jack SECTION 3.19 VALVES, PRESSURE PIPING, AND FITTINGS 3.19.1 Materials and Working Pressures 3.19.2 Pressure Piping
209	3.19.3 Connections and Fittings 3.19.4 Valves
210	3.19.5 Piping Buried in the Ground
211	3.19.6 Welding 3.19.7 Electrical Requirements SECTION 3.20 ROPES AND ROPE CONNECTIONS SECTION 3.21 COUNTERWEIGHTS 3.21.1 Counterweights 3.21.2 Counterweight Sheaves SECTION 3.22 BUFFERS AND BUMPERS 3.22.1 Car Buffers or Bumpers 3.22.2 Counterweight Buffers SECTION 3.23 GUIDE RAILS, GUIDE-RAIL SUPPORTS, AND FASTENINGS 3.23.1 Direct-Acting Hydraulic Elevators 3.23.2 Roped-Hydraulic Elevators
212	SECTION 3.24 HYDRAULIC MACHINES AND TANKS 3.24.1 Hydraulic Machines (Power Units) 3.24.2 Tanks 3.24.3 Atmosphere Storage and Discharge Tanks 3.24.4 Welding SECTION 3.25 TERMINAL STOPPING DEVICES 3.25.1 Normal Terminal Stopping Devices 3.25.2 Terminal Speed-Reducing Devices
213	3.25.3 Final Terminal Stopping Devices SECTION 3.26 OPERATING DEVICES AND CONTROL EQUIPMENT 3.26.1 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
214	3.26.2 Inspection Operation 3.26.3 Anticreep and Leveling Operation 3.26.4 Electrical Protective Devices 3.26.5 Phase Reversal and Failure Protection 3.26.6 Control and Operating Circuits
215	3.26.7 Recycling Operation for Multiple or Telescopic Plungers 3.26.8 Pressure-Sensing Means 3.26.9 Low Oil Protection 3.26.10 Auxiliary Power Lowering Operation
216	3.26.11 Executable Software 3.26.12 Remote Interaction Operation SECTION 3.27 EMERGENCY OPERATION AND SIGNALING DEVICES
217	3.27.1 Phase I Emergency Recall Operation After Device Actuation 3.27.2 Phase I Emergency Recall Operation Prior to Device Actuation 3.27.3 Device Actuation at Recall Level 3.27.4 Device Actuation With Phase II Emergency In-Car Operation in Effect 3.27.5 Flood Detection Operation SECTION 3.28 LAYOUT DATA 3.28.1 Information Required on Layout Drawing
218	SECTION 3.29 IDENTIFICATION
219	Part 4 Elevators With Other Types of Driving Machines SCOPE SECTION 4.1 RACK-AND-PINION ELEVATORS 4.1.1 Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures 4.1.2 Pits 4.1.3 Location and Guarding of Counterweights 4.1.4 Vertical Clearances and Runbys for Cars and Counterweights 4.1.5 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances 4.1.6 Protection of Space Below Hoistways 4.1.7 Machinery Spaces, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms
221	4.1.8 Equipment in Hoistways or Machinery Spaces, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms 4.1.9 Supports and Foundations 4.1.10 Guarding of Equipment and Standard Railing 4.1.11 Protection of Hoistway Openings 4.1.12 Hoistway Door Locking Devices and Electric Contacts and Hoistway Access Switches 4.1.13 Power Operation of Hoistway Doors and Car Doors 4.1.14 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination 4.1.15 Car Frames and Platforms 4.1.16 Capacity and Loading 4.1.17 Car and Counterweight Safeties
222	4.1.18 Speed Governors 4.1.19 Ascending Car Overspeed and Unintended Car Movement Protection 4.1.20 Suspension Ropes and Their Connections 4.1.21 Counterweights 4.1.22 Buffers and Bumpers
223	4.1.23 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings 4.1.24 Rack-and-Pinion Drive Machine Table 4.1.18.1 Maximum and Minimum Stopping Distances for Rack-and-Pinion Safeties With Rated Load
224	4.1.25 Terminal Stopping Devices 4.1.26 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
226	4.1.27 Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices 4.1.28 Layout Drawings 4.1.29 Identification 4.1.30 Sway Control Guides 4.1.31 Welding SECTION 4.2 SCREW-COLUMN ELEVATORS 4.2.1 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures, and Related Construction 4.2.2 Vertical Clearance and Runby for Cars 4.2.3 Horizontal Car Clearance 4.2.4 Protection of Spaces Below the Hoistway
227	4.2.5 Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces 4.2.6 Equipment in Hoistways and Machine Rooms 4.2.7 Supports and Foundations 4.2.8 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination 4.2.9 Car Frames and Platforms 4.2.10 Capacity and Loading 4.2.11 Car Safeties and Speed Governor
228	4.2.12 Reserved for Future Use 4.2.13 Car Buffers 4.2.14 Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings 4.2.15 Driving Machine and Screw Column
229	4.2.16 Terminal Stopping Devices 4.2.17 Operating Devices and Control Equipment 4.2.18 Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices 4.2.19 Layout Drawings 4.2.20 Welding SECTION 4.3 HAND ELEVATORS 4.3.1 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures, and Related Construction
230	4.3.2 Pits 4.3.3 Top Clearances 4.3.4 Enclosures for Machines and Control Equipment 4.3.5 Overhead Beams and Supports, and Access to Machines and Sheaves 4.3.6 Hoistway Entrances 4.3.7 Hoistway Gates for Landing Openings
231	4.3.8 Hoistway Door and Hoistway Gate Locking Devices 4.3.9 Car Enclosures 4.3.10 Use of Glass in Cars 4.3.11 Car Frames and Platforms 4.3.12 Car Compartments 4.3.13 Cars Counterbalancing One Another 4.3.14 Capacity and Loading 4.3.15 Car Safeties 4.3.16 Suspension Means
232	4.3.17 Counterweights 4.3.18 Guide Rails and Fastenings 4.3.19 Driving Machines and Sheaves 4.3.20 Power Attachments 4.3.21 Layout Data 4.3.22 Inspections and Tests
233	Part 5 Special Application Elevators SCOPE SECTION 5.1 INCLINED ELEVATORS 5.1.1 General Requirements 5.1.2 Construction of Hoistway and Hoistway Enclosures
234	5.1.3 Pits and Work Spaces 5.1.4 Counterweight Pit Guards 5.1.5 Clearances for Cars and Counterweights 5.1.6 Protection of Spaces in Line With the Direction of Travel 5.1.7 Equipment in Hoistways and Machine Rooms 5.1.8 Protection of Hoistway Openings 5.1.9 Reserved for Future Use 5.1.10 Access to Hoistways for Inspection, Maintenance, and Repairs
235	5.1.11 Car Enclosures 5.1.12 Car Frames and Platforms
236	5.1.13 Capacity and Loading 5.1.14 Car and Counterweight Safeties 5.1.15 Speed Governor Drive 5.1.16 Suspension Ropes and Their Connections 5.1.17 Car and Counterweight Buffers
237	Table 5.1.14.2 Minimum and Maximum Stopping Distances at Given Angles From Horizontal
238	Figure 5.1.17.3 Vertical and Horizontal Components of Velocity Table 5.1.17.2 Spring Buffer Stroke Table 5.1.17.4.4 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes at Given Angle From Horizontal
239	5.1.18 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings 5.1.19 Driving Machines 5.1.20 Operating Devices and Control Equipment 5.1.21 Emergency Operations and Signaling Devices 5.1.22 End-Loading Inclined Elevators
240	5.1.23 Special Requirements for Inclined Elevator Layout Drawings SECTION 5.2 LIMITED-USE/LIMITED-APPLICATION ELEVATORS 5.2.1 Electric Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators
244	5.2.2 Hydraulic Limited-Use/Limited-Application Elevators
245	SECTION 5.3 PRIVATE RESIDENCE ELEVATORS 5.3.1 Private Residence Electric Elevators
250	Figure 5.3.1.11.1 Inside Net Platform Areas for Private Residence Elevators
255	5.3.2 Private Residence Hydraulic Elevators
256	SECTION 5.4 PRIVATE RESIDENCE INCLINED ELEVATORS 5.4.1 Runway Protection 5.4.2 Landing Enclosures and Gates (Where Required) 5.4.3 Machinery Beams and Supports 5.4.4 Car Enclosures, Car Doors, and Gates
257	5.4.5 Car and Chassis Construction 5.4.6 Capacity 5.4.7 Safeties and Governors 5.4.8 Suspension Means
258	5.4.9 Counterweight Guiding and Construction 5.4.10 Bumpers and Buffers 5.4.11 Car and Counterweight Guide and Track Supports and Fastenings 5.4.12 Driving Machines and Sheaves 5.4.13 Terminal Stopping Devices 5.4.14 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
259	5.4.15 Marking Plates SECTION 5.5 POWER SIDEWALK ELEVATORS 5.5.1 Electric Sidewalk Elevators
262	5.5.2 Direct-Plunger Hydraulic Sidewalk Elevators
263	SECTION 5.6 ROOFTOP ELEVATORS 5.6.1 Electric Rooftop Elevators
266	5.6.2 Direct-Plunger Hydraulic Rooftop Elevators SECTION 5.7 SPECIAL PURPOSE PERSONNEL ELEVATORS
267	5.7.1 Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures 5.7.2 Pits 5.7.3 Location and Enclosing of Counterweights 5.7.4 Vertical Clearances and Runby 5.7.5 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances 5.7.6 Protection of Spaces Below the Hoistway
268	5.7.7 Overhead Machinery Beams and Supports 5.7.8 Hoistway Doors and Gates 5.7.9 Locking Devices for Hoistway Doors or Gates 5.7.10 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination
269	5.7.11 Car Construction 5.7.12 Capacity and Loading 5.7.13 Car Safeties and Governors 5.7.14 Suspension Ropes
270	5.7.15 Counterweight Guiding and Construction 5.7.16 Car and Counterweight Buffers 5.7.17 Car Guide Rails and Guide-Rail Fastenings 5.7.18 Driving Machines and Sheaves
271	5.7.19 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
273	5.7.20 Operation 5.7.21 Emergency Signal and/or Communication 5.7.22 Layout Drawings 5.7.23 Welding SECTION 5.8 MARINE ELEVATORS 5.8.1 Electric Marine Elevators
274	5.8.2 Hydraulic Marine Elevators 5.8.3 Rack-and-Pinion Marine Elevators SECTION 5.9 MINE ELEVATORS
275	5.9.1 Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures 5.9.2 Pits 5.9.3 Location and Guarding of Counterweights 5.9.4 Vertical Clearances and Runbys for Cars and Counterweights 5.9.5 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances 5.9.6 Protection of Space Below Hoistways 5.9.7 Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms 5.9.8 Equipment in Hoistways, Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms
276	5.9.9 Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations 5.9.10 Guarding of Equipment and the Standard Railing 5.9.11 Protection of Hoistway Openings 5.9.12 Hoistway Door Locking Devices and Electric Contacts, and Hoistway Access Switches 5.9.13 Power Operation of Hoistway Doors and Car Doors 5.9.14 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination 5.9.15 Car Frames and Platforms 5.9.16 Capacity and Loading
277	5.9.17 Car and Counterweight Safeties 5.9.18 Speed Governors 5.9.19 Ascending Car Overspeed and Unintended Car Movement Protection 5.9.20 Suspension Means and Their Connections 5.9.21 Counterweights 5.9.22 Buffers and Bumpers 5.9.23 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings 5.9.24 Driving Machines and Sheaves 5.9.25 Terminal Stopping Devices 5.9.26 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
278	5.9.27 Emergency Operations and Signaling Devices 5.9.28 Layout Drawings 5.9.29 Identification 5.9.30 Sway Control Guides 5.9.31 Welding 5.9.32 Elevators Under Construction or Disassembly 5.9.33 Rack-and-Pinion Elevators SECTION 5.10 ELEVATORS USED FOR CONSTRUCTION 5.10.1 Electric Elevators Used for Construction
283	5.10.2 Hydraulic Elevators Used for Construction SECTION 5.11 WIND TURBINE TOWER ELEVATORS SECTION 5.12 OUTSIDE EMERGENCY ELEVATORS 5.12.1 Guidance in Use of ASME A17.7/CSA B44.7 5.12.2 Performing Risk Assessments
284	5.12.3 Operating Instructions
285	Part 6 Escalators and Moving Walks SCOPE SECTION 6.1 ESCALATORS 6.1.1 Protection of Floor Openings 6.1.2 Protection of Trusses and Machinery Spaces Against Fire 6.1.3 Construction Requirements
287	Figure 6.1.3.3.10 Dimensions
291	6.1.4 Rated Speed 6.1.5 Driving Machine, Motor, and Brake
292	6.1.6 Operating and Safety Devices
296	Figure 6.1.6.9.1 Caution Sign
298	6.1.7 Lighting, Access, and Electrical Work 6.1.8 Outdoor Escalators
299	SECTION 6.2 MOVING WALKS 6.2.1 Protection of Floor Openings 6.2.2 Protection of Supports and Machinery Spaces Against Fire 6.2.3 Construction Requirements
301	Table 6.2.3.7 Treadway Width
304	6.2.4 Rated Speed 6.2.5 Driving Machine, Motor, and Brake Table 6.2.4.1.1 Treadway Speed
305	6.2.6 Operating and Safety Devices
309	6.2.7 Lighting, Access, and Electrical Work
310	6.2.8 Outdoor Moving Walks
311	Part 7 Dumbwaiters and Material Lifts SCOPE SECTION 7.1 POWER DUMBWAITERS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.1.1 Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures 7.1.2 Pits 7.1.3 Location and Guarding of Counterweights 7.1.4 Vertical Car Clearances and Runbys for Cars and Counterweights
312	7.1.5 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances 7.1.6 Protection of Spaces Below the Hoistway 7.1.7 Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms
313	7.1.8 Electrical Equipment, Wiring, Pipes, Ducts, and HVAC in Hoistways and Machine Rooms 7.1.9 Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations 7.1.10 Guarding of Equipment 7.1.11 Protection of Hoistway Openings
314	7.1.12 Hoistway Door Locking Devices, Access Switches, and Unlocking Devices
315	7.1.13 Power Operation of Hoistway Doors and Car Doors or Gates
316	7.1.14 Identification SECTION 7.2 ELECTRIC DUMBWAITERS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.2.1 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination
317	7.2.2 Car Frames and Platforms 7.2.3 Capacity and Loading
318	7.2.4 Car and Counterweight Safeties 7.2.5 Speed Governors 7.2.6 Suspension Means
319	7.2.7 Counterweights 7.2.8 Buffers and Bumpers Table 7.2.6.4 Factors of Safety for Wire Rope and Chains Table 7.2.8.1 Minimum Spring Buffer Strokes
320	7.2.9 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings 7.2.10 Driving Machines and Sheaves 7.2.11 Terminal Stopping Devices 7.2.12 Operating Devices and Control Equipment Table 7.2.8.2 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes
322	7.2.13 Layout Data 7.2.14 Welding for Dumbwaiters SECTION 7.3 HYDRAULIC DUMBWAITERS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.3.1 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination 7.3.2 Car Frames and Platforms 7.3.3 Capacity and Loading 7.3.4 Car and Counterweight Safeties 7.3.5 Hydraulic Driving Machines 7.3.6 Rope, Rope Connections, and Sheaves 7.3.7 Counterweights 7.3.8 Buffers and Bumpers 7.3.9 Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings 7.3.10 Terminal Stopping Devices 7.3.11 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
323	7.3.12 Layout Data SECTION 7.4 MATERIAL LIFTS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.4.1 General Requirement 7.4.2 Classification 7.4.3 Construction of Hoistways and Hoistway Enclosures
324	7.4.4 Pits 7.4.5 Location and Guarding of Counterweights 7.4.6 Vertical Clearances and Runbys for Cars and Counterweights Table 7.4.3 Type B Material Lifts
325	7.4.7 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances 7.4.8 Protection of Spaces Below Hoistways 7.4.9 Machinery Spaces, Machine Rooms, Control Spaces, and Control Rooms
326	7.4.10 Equipment in Hoistways and Machine Rooms 7.4.11 Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations 7.4.12 Guarding of Equipment and Standard Railing 7.4.13 Protection of Hoistway Landing Openings
327	7.4.14 Hoistway Door Locking Devices and Electric Contacts, and Hoistway Access Switches 7.4.15 Power Operation of Hoistway Doors and Car Doors and Gates 7.4.16 Identification of Equipment SECTION 7.5 ELECTRIC MATERIAL LIFTS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.5.1 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination
328	7.5.2 Car Frames and Platforms
329	7.5.3 Capacity and Loading 7.5.4 Car and Counterweight Safeties 7.5.5 Speed Governors 7.5.6 Suspension Ropes and Their Connections
330	7.5.7 Counterweights 7.5.8 Buffers and Bumpers 7.5.9 Car and Counterweight Guide Rails, Guide-Rail Supports, and Fastenings 7.5.10 Driving Machine and Sheaves
331	7.5.11 Terminal Stopping Devices 7.5.12 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
333	7.5.13 Layout Data 7.5.14 Welding SECTION 7.6 HYDRAULIC MATERIAL LIFTS WITHOUT AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.6.1 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures, and Related Construction 7.6.2 Mechanical Equipment 7.6.3 Hydraulic Driving Machines
334	7.6.4 Valves, Pressure Piping, and Fittings 7.6.5 Counterweight Ropes, Rope Connections, and Sheaves 7.6.6 Hydraulic Machines and Tanks 7.6.7 Terminal Stopping Devices 7.6.8 Operating Devices and Control Equipment
335	7.6.9 Layout Data SECTION 7.7 AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.7.1 General 7.7.2 Clearances 7.7.3 Guarding 7.7.4 Floor Level SECTION 7.8 POWER DUMBWAITERS WITH AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.8.1 Requirements 7.8.2 Safety Devices 7.8.3 Emergency Stop Switch 7.8.4 Structural Capacity Load
336	SECTION 7.9 ELECTRIC MATERIAL LIFTS WITH AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES 7.9.1 Hoistways, Hoistway Enclosures, and Related Construction 7.9.2 Machinery and Equipment
337	SECTION 7.10 HYDRAULIC MATERIAL LIFTS WITH AUTOMATIC TRANSFER DEVICES Table 7.9.2.14 Minimum Spring Buffer Strokes Table 7.9.2.15 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes
338	Part 8 General Requirements SCOPE SECTION 8.1 SECURITY 8.1.1 General 8.1.2 Group 1: Restricted 8.1.3 Group 2: Authorized Personnel
339	8.1.4 Group 3: Emergency Operation 8.1.5 Group 4: Other SECTION 8.2 DESIGN DATA AND FORMULAS 8.2.1 Minimum Rated Load for Passenger Elevators 8.2.2 Electric Elevator Car Frame and Platform Stresses and Deflections
340	Figure 8.2.1.2 Minimum Rated Load for Passenger Elevators
343	Figure 8.2.2.5.1 Turning Moment Based on Class of Loading
344	8.2.3 Impact on Buffer Supports 8.2.4 Gravity Stopping Distances 8.2.5 Governor Tripping Speeds 8.2.6 Stopping Distances for Car and Counterweight Safeties
345	Figure 8.2.4 Gravity Stopping Distances
346	Figure 8.2.5 Maximum Governor Tripping Speeds
348	8.2.7 Factors of Safety for Suspension Wire Ropes for Power Elevators 8.2.8 Hydraulic Jack and Piping
349	Figure 8.2.6 Stopping Distances for Type B Car and Counterweight Safeties
352	Figure 8.2.7 Minimum Factors of Safety of Suspension Members of Power Passenger and Freight Elevators
353	Figure 8.2.8.1.1 Allowable Gross Loads
356	8.2.9 Hydraulic Elevator Car Frame and Platform Stresses and Deflections
357	Figure 8.2.9.1.3 Load Distribution
358	8.2.10 Minimum Oil Buffer Strokes: Inclined Elevators
359	8.2.11 Stopping Distances for Car and Counterweight Safeties for Inclined Elevators 8.2.12 Material Lifts With Automatic Transfer Devices, Design Data, and Formulas SECTION 8.3 ENGINEERING TESTS, TYPE TESTS, AND CERTIFICATION 8.3.1 General Requirements for Tests and Certification
360	8.3.2 Type Tests of Car and Counterweight Oil Buffers
362	8.3.3 Type Tests of Interlocks, Combination Mechanical Locks and Electric Contacts, and Door or Gate Electric Contacts
365	8.3.4 Entrance Fire Type Tests 8.3.5 Type Tests for Hydraulic Control Valves 8.3.6 Escalator Brake and Braking System Type Tests 8.3.7 Vertical Burn Engineering Test
366	8.3.8 Test Method for Evaluating Room Fire Growth Contribution of Textile Wall Covering 8.3.9 Engineering Tests for Hydraulic Overspeed Valves
367	8.3.10 Engineering Tests: Safety Nut and Speed-Limiting Devices of Screw-Column Elevators 8.3.11 Step and Pallet Fatigue Engineering Test 8.3.12 Suspension Member Tests
368	8.3.13 Type Tests of Elastomeric Buffers
369	8.3.14 Engineering Tests of Car Door Restrictors
370	8.3.15 Skirt Deflection Test 8.3.16 Engineering Test for Cybersecurity SECTION 8.4 ELEVATOR SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS
371	8.4.1 Horizontal Car and Counterweight Clearances 8.4.2 Machinery and Sheave Beams, Supports, and Foundations 8.4.3 Guarding of Equipment
372	8.4.4 Car Enclosures, Car Doors and Gates, and Car Illumination 8.4.5 Guiding Members and Position Restraints Figure 8.4.3.1.3 Arc of Contact
373	8.4.6 Compensating-Rope Sheave Assembly 8.4.7 Counterweights Figure 8.4.5.2.3 Position Retainer Dimension Relationships
374	8.4.8 Car and Counterweight Guide-Rail Systems
375	Figure 8.4.8.2.1-1 12 kg/m (8 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing
376	Figure 8.4.8.2.1-2 16.5 kg/m (11 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing
377	Figure 8.4.8.2.1-3 18 kg/m (12 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing
378	Figure 8.4.8.2.1-4 22.5 kg/m (15 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing
379	Figure 8.4.8.2.1-5 27.5 kg/m (18.5 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing
380	Figure 8.4.8.2.1-6 33.5 kg/m (22.5 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing
381	Figure 8.4.8.2.1-7 44.5 kg/m (30 lb/ft) Guide-Rail Bracket Spacing
382	Figure 8.4.8.2.2 Car and Counterweight Load Factor
384	Table 8.4.8.7 Stresses and Deflections of Guide-Rail Brackets and Supports
386	8.4.9 Driving Machines and Sheaves 8.4.10 Emergency Operation and Signaling Devices Figure 8.4.8.9 Guide-Rail Axes
388	Figure 8.4.10.1.1 Earthquake Elevator Equipment Requirements Diagrammatic Representation
389	Table 8.4.10.1.1 Visual Indication Matrix
390	Figure 8.4.10.1.3 Earthquake Emergency Operation Diagrammatic Representation
392	8.4.11 Hydraulic Elevators
393	Table 8.4.11.13 Pipe Support Spacing
394	8.4.12 Design Data and Formulas for Elevators
396	Table 8.4.12.2.2 Maximum Allowable Deflection
397	8.4.13 Component Force Levels Based on Ground Motion Parameters 8.4.14 Elevator Seismic Design Force
398	8.4.15 Component Operating Weight, Wp 8.4.16 Machine Rooms and Machinery Spaces SECTION 8.5 ESCALATOR AND MOVING WALK SEISMIC REQUIREMENTS
399	8.5.1 Balustrade Construction 8.5.2 Truss Members 8.5.3 Supporting Connections Between the Truss and the Building Figure 8.5.1 Balustrade Handrail Force
400	8.5.4 Seismic Detection Devices 8.5.5 Allowable Stresses Applicable to Seismic Design SECTION 8.6 MAINTENANCE, REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, AND TESTING 8.6.1 General Requirements
401	Table 8.5.5 Component-Based Allowable Design Stresses
405	8.6.2 Repairs 8.6.3 Replacements
407	Table 8.6.3.12.1 Minimum Bottom Runby for Counterweight Elevators With Spring Buffers, Elastomeric Buffers, or Solid Bumpers and Rheostatic Control or Single-Speed AC Control
408	8.6.4 Maintenance and Testing of Electric Elevators
414	Table 8.6.4.20.4 Brake Test Loads
416	8.6.5 Maintenance and Testing of Hydraulic Elevators
418	8.6.6 Maintenance and Testing of Elevators With Other Types of Driving Machines
419	8.6.7 Maintenance and Testing of Special Application Elevators
421	8.6.8 Maintenance of Escalators and Periodic Testing of Escalators and Moving Walks
424	Figure 8.6.8.15.19 Location of Center of Applied Load for Coefficient of Friction and Loaded Gap Measurements
425	8.6.9 Maintenance of Moving Walks
426	8.6.10 Maintenance and Testing of Dumbwaiters and Material Lifts 8.6.11 Special Provisions
429	SECTION 8.7 ALTERATIONS 8.7.1 General Requirements
430	8.7.2 Alterations to Electric Elevators
441	8.7.3 Alterations to Hydraulic Elevators
448	8.7.4 Alterations to Elevators With Other Types of Driving Machines
449	8.7.5 Alterations to Special Application Elevators
454	8.7.6 Alterations to Escalators and Moving Walks
457	8.7.7 Alterations to Dumbwaiters and Material Lifts SECTION 8.8 WELDING 8.8.1 Qualification of Welders 8.8.2 Welding Steel 8.8.3 Welding Metals Other Than Steel SECTION 8.9 CODE DATA PLATE 8.9.1 Required Information 8.9.2 Location 8.9.3 Material and Construction
458	SECTION 8.10 ACCEPTANCE INSPECTIONS AND TESTS 8.10.1 General Requirements for Acceptance Inspections and Tests
459	8.10.2 Acceptance Inspection and Tests of Electric Elevators
468	8.10.3 Acceptance Inspection and Tests of Hydraulic Elevators
474	8.10.4 Acceptance Inspection and Tests of Escalators and Moving Walks
478	8.10.5 Acceptance Inspection and Tests of Other Equipment
479	SECTION 8.11 PERIODIC INSPECTIONS AND WITNESSING OF TESTS 8.11.1 General Requirements for Periodic Inspections and Witnessing of Tests
480	8.11.2 Periodic Inspection of Electric Elevators
483	8.11.3 Periodic Inspection of Hydraulic Elevators
485	8.11.4 Periodic Inspection of Escalators and Moving Walks 8.11.5 Periodic Inspection of Other Equipment
486	SECTION 8.12 FLOOD RESISTANCES 8.12.1 Flood-Resistant Design and Construction SECTION 8.13 SIGNS, PLATES, AND TAGS 8.13.1 Permanent Plates
487	8.13.2 Signs 8.13.3 Marking Plates and Tags SECTION 8.14 CYBERSECURITY 8.14.1 Cybersecurity for Electric Elevators in Part 2 and Hydraulic Elevators in Part 3
489	Part 9 Reference Codes, Standards, and Specifications
490	SECTION 9.1 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS
495	SECTION 9.2 PROCUREMENT INFORMATION
497	NONMANDATORY APPENDICES NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A CONTROL SYSTEM
498	Figure A-1 Control System
499	Figure B-1 Unlocking Zone (2.12.1 and 2.14.5.7) NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B UNLOCKING ZONE
500	Figure C-1 Parallelepiped Volume Orientations [2.14.1.5.1(b)(2)] NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C LOCATION OF TOP EMERGENCY EXIT
501	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D RATED LOAD AND CAPACITY PLATES FOR PASSENGER ELEVATORS
502	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX E ELEVATOR REQUIREMENTS FOR PERSONS WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITIES IN JURISDICTIONS ENFORCING THE NBCC INTRODUCTION E-1 SCOPE E-2 DEFINITIONS E-3 LEVELING E-4 DOOR OPERATION E-5 DOOR SIZE E-6 DOOR PROTECTIVE AND REOPENING DEVICE E-7 DOOR TIMING FOR HALL AND CAR CALLS
503	Table E-5-1 Minimum Dimensions of Elevator Cars E-8 INSIDE DIMENSIONS OF ELEVATOR CARS E-9 CAR CONTROLS
504	E-10 CAR POSITION INDICATORS E-11 EMERGENCY COMMUNICATIONS E-12 FLOOR SURFACES E-13 HANDRAILS E-14 ILLUMINATION LEVELS
505	E-15 HALL BUTTONS E-16 HALL OR IN-CAR SIGNALS E-17 FLOOR/CAR DESIGNATIONS E-18 DESTINATION-ORIENTED ELEVATORS
507	E-19 LIMITED-USE/LIMITED-APPLICATION ELEVATORS
508	E-20 SIGNS
509	Table E-20.4.3-1 Measurement Range for Standard Sign Braille
510	Figure E-20.4.3-1 Braille Measurements Figure E-20.6.3-1 International Symbol of Accessibility
512	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F ASCENDING CAR OVERSPEED AND UNINTENDED CAR MOVEMENT PROTECTION
513	Table F-1 Traction Elevator Brake Type, Function, and Performance
514	Figure F-1 Ascending Car Overspeed Protection (2.19.1)
515	Figure F-2 Unintended Car Movement Protection (2.19.2)
516	Figure G-1 Top-of-Car Clearance Requirements (2.4.7.1 and 2.14.1.7.2) NONMANDATORY APPENDIX G TOP-OF-CAR CLEARANCE
517	Figure G-2 Additional Top-of-Car Clearance Requirements (2.4.7.1) Figure G-3 Top-of-Car Marking Requirements (2.4.7.2)
518	Figure G-4 Additional Top-of-Car Marking Requirements (2.4.7.2)
519	Figure G-5 Additional Top-of-Car Clearance Requirements
520	Figure G-6 Additional Top-of-Car Clearance [2.4.7.1(b)]
521	Figure H-1 Private Residence Elevator Guarding NONMANDATORY APPENDIX H PRIVATE RESIDENCE ELEVATOR GUARDING (5.3.1.7.2)
522	Figure I-1 Relationship of Escalator Parts NONMANDATORY APPENDIX I ESCALATOR AND MOVING WALK DIAGRAMS
523	Figure I-2 Handrail
524	Figure I-3 Escalator Nomenclature
525	Figure I-4 Skirt or Dynamic Skirt Panel: Step Nose (6.1.3.3.6) Figure I-5 Ceiling or Soffit Guard (6.1.3.3.11) Figure I-6 Antislide Device (6.1.3.3.12)
526	Figure I-7 Escalator Step Tread Figure I-8 Cleated Riser (6.1.3.5.3)
527	Figure I-9 Moving Walk Geometry
528	Figure I-10 Moving Walk Treadway Slots Figure I-11 Stopping Distances Corresponding to a Deceleration Rate of 0.91 m/s2 [6.1.5.3.1(c)]
529	Figure I-12 Clearance Between Escalator Steps
530	Figure I-13 Ceiling or Soffit Guard High-Deck Elevators (6.1.3.3.11)
531	Figure I-14 Ceiling or Soffit Guard Low-Deck Elevators (6.1.3.3.11)
532	Figure I-15 Escalator/Moving Walk Dynamic Braking Logic
533	Figure J-1 Relationship of Pit Ladder to Hoistway Door Unlocking Means NONMANDATORY APPENDIX J RELATIONSHIP OF PIT LADDER TO HOISTWAY DOOR UNLOCKING MEANS
534	Figure K-1 Beveling and Clearance Requirements NONMANDATORY APPENDIX K BEVELING AND CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS (7.4.7.4)
535	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX L INDEX OF ALTERATION REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRIC ELEVATORS, HYDRAULIC ELEVATORS, ESCALATORS, AND MOVING WALKS
542	Figure M-1 Inertia Application for Type A Safety Device Location of Test Weight NONMANDATORY APPENDIX M INERTIA APPLICATION FOR TYPE A SAFETY DEVICE LOCATION OF TEST WEIGHT [8.10.2.2.2(ii)(2)]
543	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX N RECOMMENDED INSPECTION AND TEST INTERVALS IN “MONTHS” N-1 RECOMMENDED INSPECTION AND TEST INTERVALS N-2 INTRODUCTION TO MONITORING
544	Table N-1-1 Recommended Inspection and Test Intervals
545	Table N-2-1 Guidelines on Use of Monitoring to Provide Inspection Data
552	Table P-1 Plunger Gripper Stopping Distances With Rated Load in the Car (8.6.5.16.4) NONMANDATORY APPENDIX P PLUNGER GRIPPER STOPPING DISTANCES
553	Table Q-1 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX Q EXPLANATORY FIGURES FOR THE DEFINITIONS OF ELEVATOR MACHINERY SPACE, MACHINE ROOM, CONTROL SPACE, CONTROL ROOM, REMOTE MACHINE ROOM, OR REMOTE CONTROL ROOM
554	Figure Q-1 Figure Q-2 Figure Q-3 Figure Q-4
555	Figure Q-5 Figure Q-6
556	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX R INSPECTION OPERATION AND HOISTWAY ACCESS SWITCH OPERATION HIERARCHY
557	Table R-1 Inspection Operation and Hoistway Access Switch Operation Hierarchy
558	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX S HORIZONTALLY AND VERTICALLY SLIDING DOORS — ILLUSTRATIONS OF DETECTION ZONES (2.13.3.4 AND 2.13.5.4)
559	Figure S-1
560	Figure S-2
561	Figure S-3
562	Figure S-4
563	Figure S-5
564	Figure S-6
565	Figure S-7
566	Figure S-8
567	Figure S-9
568	Figure S-10
569	Figure S-11
570	Figure S-12
571	Figure S-13 Cylindrical Targets (2.13.5.3)
572	Figure S-14 Prismatic Targets (2.13.5.4.1) Figure S-15 Prismatic Targets (2.13.5.4.2)
573	Figure S-16 Detection Areas Relative to Door Position
575	Table U-1 Design Requirements — Traction Elevator Suspension System NONMANDATORY APPENDIX U DESIGN REQUIREMENTS — TRACTION ELEVATOR SUSPENSION SYSTEM
576	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX V BUILDING FEATURES FOR OCCUPANT EVACUATION OPERATION V-1 HUMAN FACTORS CONSIDERATIONS V-2 OCCUPANT EVACUATION OPERATION
578	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX X ACCEPTANCE TESTS
579	Table X-1 Acceptance Test for Electric Elevators
580	Table X-2 Acceptance Test for Hydraulic Elevators
581	Table X-3 Acceptance Test for Escalators
582	Table X-4 Acceptance Test for Moving Walks
583	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX Y MAINTENANCE CONTROL PROGRAM RECORDS
584	Figure Y-1 Maintenance Control Program Records
585	Table Y-1 Maintenance Control Program Records
587	Table Z-1 Mass and Closing Time of Horizontally Sliding Elevator Doors NONMANDATORY APPENDIX Z MASS AND CLOSING TIME OF HORIZONTALLY SLIDING ELEVATOR DOORS
588	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX AA CHECKLIST FOR FIREFIGHTERS’ EMERGENCY OPERATION (8.6.11.1)
589	Table AA-1 Checklist for Firefighters’ Emergency Operation
591	INDEX