ASME B31.3 contains requirements for piping typically found in petroleum refineries; chemical, pharmaceutical, textile, paper, semiconductor, and cryogenic plants; and related processing plants and terminals. It covers materials and components, design, fabrication, assembly, erection, examination, inspection, and testing of piping. This Code applies to piping for all fluids including: (1) raw, intermediate, and finished chemicals; (2) petroleum products; (3) gas, steam, air and water; (4) fluidized solids; (5) refrigerants; and (6) cryogenic fluids. Also included is piping that interconnects pieces or stages within a packaged equipment assembly. Key changes to this revision include: • Severe Cyclic Conditions • MPa Allowable Stresses • Expansion Joints • Flange Joint Assembly • Ultrasonic Examination Acceptance Criteria • Category M Fluid Service Examination • Leak Testing of Instrument Connections • Leak Testing of Vacuum Systems • Leak Testing of Insulated Systems • Leak Testing of Assembled Piping B31.3 is one of ASME’s most requested codes. It serves as a companion to ASME’s B31.1 Code on Power Piping as well as to the other codes in ASME’s B31 series. Together, they remain essential references for anyone engaged with piping.

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PDF Pages	PDF Title
4	CONTENTS
15	FOREWORD
17	ASME B31 COMMITTEE ROSTER
21	INTRODUCTION
23	ASME B31.3-2018 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
32	Chapter I Scope and Definitions 300 GENERAL STATEMENTS
33	300.1 Scope
34	300.2 Definitions Figures Figure 300.1.1 Diagram Illustrating Application of B31.3 Piping at Equipment
40	300.3 Nomenclature 300.4 Status of Appendices Tables Table 300.4 Status of Appendices in B31.3
41	Chapter II Design PART 1 CONDITIONS AND CRITERIA 301 DESIGN CONDITIONS 301.1 Qualifications of the Designer 301.2 Design Pressure 301.3 Design Temperature
42	301.4 Ambient Effects 301.5 Dynamic Effects 301.6 Weight Effects
43	301.7 Thermal Expansion and Contraction Effects 301.8 Effects of Support, Anchor, and Terminal Movements 301.9 Reduced Ductility Effects 301.10 Cyclic Effects 301.11 Air Condensation Effects 302 DESIGN CRITERIA 302.1 General 302.2 Pressure–Temperature Design Criteria
44	302.3 Allowable Stresses and Other Stress Limits
46	Table 302.3.3C Increased Casting Quality Factors, Ec
47	Table 302.3.3D Acceptance Levels for Castings
48	Table 302.3.4 Longitudinal Weld Joint Quality Factor, Ej
49	Figure 302.3.5 Stress Range Factor, f
50	302.4 Allowances 302.5 Mechanical Strength PART 2 PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS 303 GENERAL 304 PRESSURE DESIGN OF COMPONENTS 304.1 Straight Pipe
51	Table 302.3.5 Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor, W
53	304.2 Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe Figure 304.2.1 Nomenclature for Pipe Bends Figure 304.2.3 Nomenclature for Miter Bends Table 304.1.1 Values of Coefficient Y for t < D/6
54	304.3 Branch Connections
57	Figure 304.3.3 Branch Connection Nomenclature
58	304.4 Closures
59	Figure 304.3.4 Extruded Outlet Header Nomenclature
60	304.5 Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks Table 304.4.1 ASME BPVC References for Closures
61	Figure 304.5.3 Blanks
62	304.6 Reducers 304.7 Pressure Design of Other Components PART 3 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPING COMPONENTS 305 PIPE 305.1 General 305.2 Specific Requirements
63	306 FITTINGS, BENDS, MITERS, LAPS, AND BRANCH CONNECTIONS 306.1 Pipe Fittings 306.2 Pipe Bends 306.3 Miter Bends 306.4 Laps
64	306.5 Fabricated Branch Connections 306.6 Thermowells 307 VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS 307.1 General 307.2 Specific Requirements 308 FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, AND GASKETS 308.1 General 308.2 Specific Requirements for Flanges Table 308.2.1 Permissible Sizes/Rating Classes for Slip-On Flanges Used as Lapped Flanges
65	308.3 Flange Facings 308.4 Gaskets 309 BOLTING 309.1 General 309.2 Specific Bolting
66	309.3 Tapped Holes PART 4 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPING JOINTS 310 GENERAL 311 WELDED JOINTS 311.1 General 311.2 Specific Requirements 312 FLANGED JOINTS 312.1 Joints Using Flanges of Different Ratings 312.2 Metal to Nonmetal Flanged Joints 312.3 Flanged Joint Assembly 313 EXPANDED JOINTS
67	314 THREADED JOINTS 314.1 General 314.2 Specific Requirements 315 TUBING JOINTS 315.1 General 315.2 Joints Conforming to Listed Standards 315.3 Joints Not Conforming to Listed Standards Table 314.2.1 Minimum Schedule of Components With External Threads
68	316 CAULKED JOINTS 317 SOLDERED AND BRAZED JOINTS 317.1 Soldered Joints 317.2 Brazed and Braze Welded Joints 318 SPECIAL JOINTS 318.1 General 318.2 Specific Requirements PART 5 FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORT 319 PIPING FLEXIBILITY 319.1 Requirements 319.2 Concepts
70	319.3 Properties for Flexibility Analysis 319.4 Flexibility Analysis
72	319.5 Reactions Figure 319.4.4A Moments in Bends
73	319.6 Calculation of Movements 319.7 Means of Increasing Flexibility 320 ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINED LOADS 320.1 Basic Assumptions and Requirements Figure 319.4.4B Moments in Branch Connections
74	320.2 Stress Due to Sustained Loads 321 PIPING SUPPORT 321.1 General
75	321.2 Fixtures
76	321.3 Structural Attachments 321.4 Structural Connections PART 6 SYSTEMS 322 SPECIFIC PIPING SYSTEMS 322.3 Instrument Piping
77	322.6 Pressure-Relieving Systems
78	Chapter III Materials 323 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 323.1 Materials and Specifications 323.2 Temperature Limitations
79	Table 323.2.2 Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Metals
81	Figure 323.2.2A Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials
82	Table 323.2.2A Tabular Values for Minimum Temperatures Without Impact Testing for Carbon Steel Materials
83	Figure 323.2.2B Reduction in Lowest Exemption Temperature for Steels Without Impact Testing
84	Table 323.2.2B Tabular Values for Reduction in Lowest Exemption Temperature for Steels Without Impact Testing
85	323.3 Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria
86	Table 323.3.1 Impact Testing Requirements for Metals
87	323.4 Fluid Service Requirements for Materials Table 323.3.4 Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction
88	Table 323.3.5 Minimum Required Charpy V-Notch Impact Values
89	323.5 Deterioration of Materials in Service 325 MATERIALS — MISCELLANEOUS 325.1 Joining and Auxiliary Materials
90	Chapter IV Standards for Piping Components 326 DIMENSIONS AND RATINGS OF COMPONENTS 326.1 Dimensional Requirements 326.2 Ratings of Components 326.3 Reference Documents
91	Table 326.1 Component Standards
94	Chapter V Fabrication, Assembly, and Erection 327 GENERAL 328 WELDING AND BRAZING 328.1 Responsibility 328.2 Welding and Brazing Qualification 328.3 Welding Materials
95	328.4 Preparation for Welding
96	Figure 328.3.2 Typical Backing Rings and Consumable Inserts Figure 328.4.2 Typical Butt Weld End Preparation
97	328.5 Welding Requirements Figure 328.4.3 Trimming and Permitted Misalignment
98	Figure 328.4.4 Preparation for Branch Connections Figure 328.5.2A Fillet Weld Size Figure 328.5.2B Typical Details for Double-Welded Slip-On and Socket Welding Flange Attachment Welds
99	Figure 328.5.2C Minimum Welding Dimensions for Socket Welding Components Other Than Flanges Figures 328.5.4A, B, C Typical Welded Branch Connections
100	328.6 Weld Repair 328.7 Attachment Welds Figure 328.5.4D Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Welds Figure 328.5.4E Acceptable Details for Branch Attachment Suitable for 100% Radiography
101	Figure 328.5.4F Acceptable Details for Integrally Reinforced Branch Connections
102	330 PREHEATING 330.1 General 330.2 Specific Requirements Figure 328.5.5 Typical Fabricated Laps
103	331 HEAT TREATMENT 331.1 General Table 330.1.1 Preheat Temperatures
104	331.2 Specific Requirements
105	Table 331.1.1 Postweld Heat Treatment
106	332 BENDING AND FORMING 332.1 General 332.2 Bending 332.3 Forming Table 331.1.2 Alternate Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels, P-Nos. 1 and 3
107	Table 331.1.3 Exemptions to Mandatory Postweld Heat Treatment
109	332.4 Required Heat Treatment 333 BRAZING AND SOLDERING 333.1 Qualification 333.2 Brazing and Soldering Materials 333.3 Preparation and Cleaning 335 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION 335.1 Alignment 335.2 Flanged Joints
110	335.3 Threaded Joints 335.4 Tubing Joints 335.5 Caulked Joints 335.6 Expanded Joints and Special Joints 335.9 Cleaning of Piping Figure 335.3.3 Typical Threaded Joints Using Straight Threads
111	335.10 Identification of Piping
112	Chapter VI Inspection, Examination, and Testing 340 INSPECTION 340.1 General 340.2 Responsibility for Inspection 340.3 Rights of the Owner’s Inspector 340.4 Qualifications of the Owner’s Inspector 341 EXAMINATION 341.1 General 341.2 Responsibility for Examination 341.3 Examination Requirements
113	341.4 Extent of Required Examination
114	Figure 341.3.2 Typical Weld Imperfections
115	Table 341.3.2 Acceptance Criteria for Welds — Visual and Radiographic Examination
119	341.5 Supplementary Examination 342 EXAMINATION PERSONNEL 342.1 Personnel Qualification and Certification 342.2 Specific Requirement 343 EXAMINATION PROCEDURES 344 TYPES OF EXAMINATION 344.1 General
120	344.2 Visual Examination 344.3 Magnetic Particle Examination 344.4 Liquid Penetrant Examination 344.5 Radiographic Examination
121	344.6 Ultrasonic Examination 344.7 In-Process Examination 345 TESTING 345.1 Required Leak Test
122	345.2 General Requirements for Leak Tests
123	345.3 Preparation for Leak Test 345.4 Hydrostatic Leak Test
124	345.5 Pneumatic Leak Test 345.6 Hydrostatic–Pneumatic Leak Test 345.7 Initial Service Leak Test 345.8 Sensitive Leak Test 345.9 Alternative Leak Test
125	346 RECORDS 346.2 Responsibility 346.3 Retention of Records
126	Chapter VII Nonmetallic Piping and Piping Lined With Nonmetals A300 GENERAL STATEMENTS PART 1 CONDITIONS AND CRITERIA A301 DESIGN CONDITIONS A301.2 Design Pressure A301.3 Design Temperature A302 DESIGN CRITERIA A302.1 General A302.2 Pressure–Temperature Design Criteria
127	A302.3 Allowable Stresses and Other Design Limits
128	A302.4 Allowances PART 2 PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS A303 GENERAL A304 PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS A304.1 Straight Pipe
129	A304.2 Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe A304.3 Branch Connections A304.4 Closures A304.5 Pressure Design of Nonmetallic Flanges A304.6 Reducers A304.7 Pressure Design of Other Components
130	PART 3 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPING COMPONENTS A305 PIPE A306 FITTINGS, BENDS, MITERS, LAPS, AND BRANCH CONNECTIONS A306.1 Pipe Fittings A306.2 Pipe Bends A306.3 Miter Bends A306.4 Fabricated or Flared Laps A306.5 Fabricated Branch Connections A307 VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS A308 FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, AND GASKETS A308.1 General A308.2 Nonmetallic Flanges
131	A308.3 Flange Facings A308.4 Limitations on Gaskets A309 BOLTING A309.1 General A309.2 Specific Bolting A309.3 Tapped Holes in Nonmetallic Components PART 4 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPING JOINTS A310 GENERAL A311 BONDED JOINTS IN PLASTICS A311.1 General A311.2 Specific Requirements A312 FLANGED JOINTS A313 EXPANDED JOINTS A314 THREADED JOINTS A314.1 General A314.2 Specific Requirements
132	A315 TUBING JOINTS A316 CAULKED JOINTS A318 SPECIAL JOINTS A318.1 General A318.2 Specific Requirements A318.3 Piping Lined With Nonmetals A318.4 Flexible Elastomeric Sealed Joints PART 5 FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORT A319 FLEXIBILITY OF NONMETALLIC PIPING A319.1 Requirements A319.2 Concepts
133	A319.3 Properties for Flexibility Analysis A319.4 Analysis A319.5 Reactions
134	A319.6 Movements A319.7 Means of Increasing Flexibility A321 PIPING SUPPORT A321.5 Supports for Nonmetallic Piping PART 6 SYSTEMS A322 SPECIFIC PIPING SYSTEMS A322.3 Instrument Piping A322.6 Pressure-Relieving Systems PART 7 MATERIALS A323 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS A323.1 Materials and Specifications A323.2 Temperature Limitations
135	A323.4 Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Materials A323.5 Deterioration of Materials in Service A325 MATERIALS — MISCELLANEOUS PART 8 STANDARDS FOR PIPING COMPONENTS A326 DIMENSIONS AND RATINGS OF COMPONENTS A326.1 Requirements
136	A326.4 Abbreviations in Table A326.1 and Appendix B Table A323.2.2 Requirements for Low Temperature Toughness Tests for Nonmetals Table A323.4.2C Recommended Temperature Limits for Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe Table A323.4.3 Recommended Temperature Limits for Thermoplastics Used as Linings
137	PART 9 FABRICATION, ASSEMBLY, AND ERECTION A327 GENERAL A328 BONDING OF PLASTICS A328.1 Bonding Responsibility A328.2 Bonding Qualifications
138	Table A326.1 Component Standards
140	A328.3 Bonding Materials and Equipment A328.4 Preparation for Bonding A328.5 Bonding Requirements
141	Figure A328.5.3 Thermoplastic Solvent Cemented Joint Figure A328.5.4 Thermoplastic Heat Fusion Joints
142	A328.6 Bonding Repair A328.7 Seal Bonds Figure A328.5.5 Thermoplastic Electrofusion Joints Figure A328.5.6 Fully Tapered Thermosetting Adhesive Joint Figure A328.5.7 Thermosetting Wrapped Joints
143	A329 FABRICATION OF PIPING LINED WITH NONMETALS A329.1 Welding of Metallic Piping A329.2 Flaring of Nonmetallic Linings A332 BENDING AND FORMING A332.1 General A332.2 Bending A332.3 Forming A334 JOINING NONPLASTIC PIPING A334.1 Borosilicate Glass Piping A334.2 Repair of Defects A335 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION A335.1 Alignment A335.2 Flanged and Mechanical Joints A335.3 Threaded Joints
144	A335.4 Tubing Joints A335.5 Caulked Joints A335.6 Special Joints A335.8 Assembly of Brittle Piping A335.9 Cleaning of Piping PART 10 INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, AND TESTING A340 INSPECTION A341 EXAMINATION A341.1 General A341.2 Responsibility for Examination A341.3 Examination Requirements A341.4 Extent of Required Examination
145	A341.5 Supplementary Examination A342 EXAMINATION PERSONNEL A343 EXAMINATION PROCEDURES A344 TYPES OF EXAMINATION A344.1 General A344.2 Visual Examination A344.5 Radiographic Examination A344.6 Ultrasonic Examination A344.7 In-Process Examination A345 TESTING A345.1 Required Leak Test A345.2 General Requirements for Leak Test Table A341.3.2 Acceptance Criteria for Bonds
146	A345.3 Preparation for Leak Test A345.4 Hydrostatic Leak Test A345.5 Pneumatic Leak Test A345.6 Hydrostatic–Pneumatic Leak Test A345.7 Initial Service Leak Test A345.8 Sensitive Leak Test A346 RECORDS
147	Chapter VIII Piping for Category M Fluid Service M300 GENERAL STATEMENTS PART 1 CONDITIONS AND CRITERIA M301 DESIGN CONDITIONS M301.3 Design Temperature, Metallic Piping M301.5 Dynamic Effects M302 DESIGN CRITERIA M302.1 General PART 2 PRESSURE DESIGN OF METALLIC PIPING COMPONENTS M303 GENERAL M304 PRESSURE DESIGN OF METALLIC COMPONENTS PART 3 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR METALLIC PIPING COMPONENTS M305 PIPE M305.1 General
148	M305.2 Specific Requirements for Metallic Pipe M306 METALLIC FITTINGS, BENDS, MITERS, LAPS, AND BRANCH CONNECTIONS M306.1 Pipe Fittings M306.2 Pipe Bends M306.3 Miter Bends M306.4 Fabricated or Flared Laps M306.5 Fabricated Branch Connections M306.6 Closures M307 METALLIC VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS M307.1 General M307.2 Specific Requirements M308 FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, AND GASKETS M308.2 Specific Requirements for Metallic Flanges
149	M308.3 Flange Facings M308.4 Gaskets M308.5 Blanks M309 BOLTING PART 4 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR METALLIC PIPING JOINTS M310 METALLIC PIPING, GENERAL M311 WELDED JOINTS IN METALLIC PIPING M311.1 General M311.2 Specific Requirements M312 FLANGED JOINTS IN METALLIC PIPING M313 EXPANDED JOINTS IN METALLIC PIPING M314 THREADED JOINTS IN METALLIC PIPING M314.1 General M314.2 Specific Requirements M315 TUBING JOINTS IN METALLIC PIPING M316 CAULKED JOINTS M317 SOLDERED AND BRAZED JOINTS M318 SPECIAL JOINTS IN METALLIC PIPING PART 5 FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORT OF METALLIC PIPING M319 FLEXIBILITY OF METALLIC PIPING M320 ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINED LOADS M321 PIPING SUPPORT
150	PART 6 SYSTEMS M322 SPECIFIC PIPING SYSTEMS M322.3 Instrument Piping M322.6 Pressure-Relieving Systems PART 7 METALLIC MATERIALS M323 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS M323.1 Materials and Specifications M323.2 Temperature Limitations M323.3 Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria M323.4 Fluid Service Requirements for Metallic Materials M323.5 Deterioration of Materials in Service M325 MATERIALS — MISCELLANEOUS M325.1 Joining and Auxiliary Materials PART 8 STANDARDS FOR PIPING COMPONENTS M326 DIMENSIONS AND RATINGS OF COMPONENTS M326.1 Dimensional Requirements M326.2 Ratings of Components
151	M326.3 Reference Documents PART 9 FABRICATION, ASSEMBLY, AND ERECTION OF METALLIC PIPING M327 GENERAL M328 WELDING OF METALS M328.3 Welding Materials M330 PREHEATING OF METALS M331 HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS M332 BENDING AND FORMING OF METALS M335 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION OF METALLIC PIPING M335.1 General M335.2 Flanged Joints M335.3 Threaded Joints M335.4 Tubing Joints M335.6 Special Joints M335.9 Cleaning of Piping M335.10 Identification of Piping PART 10 INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, TESTING, AND RECORDS OF METALLIC PIPING M340 INSPECTION M341 EXAMINATION M341.4 Extent of Required Examination
152	M342 EXAMINATION PERSONNEL M343 EXAMINATION PROCEDURES M344 TYPES OF EXAMINATION M345 TESTING M346 RECORDS PARTS 11 THROUGH 20, CORRESPONDING TO CHAPTER VII MA300 GENERAL STATEMENTS PART 11 CONDITIONS AND CRITERIA MA301 DESIGN CONDITIONS MA302 DESIGN CRITERIA MA302.2 Pressure–Temperature Design Criteria MA302.3 Allowable Stresses and Other Design Limits MA302.4 Allowances PART 12 PRESSURE DESIGN OF NONMETALLIC PIPING COMPONENTS MA303 GENERAL MA304 PRESSURE DESIGN OF NONMETALLIC COMPONENTS PART 13 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR NONMETALLIC PIPING COMPONENTS MA305 PIPE MA306 NONMETALLIC FITTINGS, BENDS, MITERS, LAPS, AND BRANCH CONNECTIONS MA306.3 Miter Bends MA306.4 Fabricated Laps MA306.5 Fabricated Branch Connections
153	MA307 VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS MA308 FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, AND GASKETS MA308.2 Nonmetallic Flanges MA309 BOLTING PART 14 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR NONMETALLIC PIPING JOINTS MA310 GENERAL MA311 BONDED JOINTS MA311.1 General MA311.2 Specific Requirements MA312 FLANGED JOINTS MA313 EXPANDED JOINTS MA314 THREADED JOINTS MA314.1 General MA315 TUBING JOINTS IN NONMETALLIC PIPING MA316 CAULKED JOINTS MA318 SPECIAL JOINTS PART 15 FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORT OF NONMETALLIC PIPING MA319 PIPING FLEXIBILITY MA321 PIPING SUPPORT PART 16 NONMETALLIC AND NONMETALLIC-LINED SYSTEMS MA322 SPECIFIC PIPING SYSTEMS PART 17 NONMETALLIC MATERIALS MA323 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS MA323.4 Fluid Service Requirements for Nonmetallic Materials
154	PART 18 STANDARDS FOR NONMETALLIC AND NONMETALLIC-LINED PIPING COMPONENTS MA326 DIMENSIONS AND RATINGS OF COMPONENTS PART 19 FABRICATION, ASSEMBLY, AND ERECTION OF NONMETALLIC AND NONMETALLIC-LINED PIPING MA327 GENERAL MA328 BONDING OF PLASTICS MA329 FABRICATION OF PIPING LINED WITH NONMETALS MA332 BENDING AND FORMING MA334 JOINING NONPLASTIC PIPING MA335 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION PART 20 INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, TESTING, AND RECORDS OF NONMETALLIC AND NONMETALLIC-LINED PIPING MA340 INSPECTION MA341 EXAMINATION MA341.1 General MA341.4 Extent of Required Examination MA342 EXAMINATION PERSONNEL MA343 EXAMINATION PROCEDURES MA344 TYPES OF EXAMINATION MA345 TESTING MA346 RECORDS
155	Chapter IX High Pressure Piping K300 GENERAL STATEMENTS K300.1 Scope K300.2 Definitions K300.3 Nomenclature K300.4 Status of Appendices PART 1 CONDITIONS AND CRITERIA K301 DESIGN CONDITIONS K301.2 Design Pressure K301.3 Design Temperature
156	K301.4 Ambient Effects K301.5 Dynamic Effects K301.7 Thermal Expansion and Contraction Effects K302 DESIGN CRITERIA K302.1 General K302.2 Pressure–Temperature Design Criteria K302.3 Allowable Stresses and Other Design Limits
158	K302.4 Allowances K302.5 Mechanical Strength PART 2 PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS K303 GENERAL K304 PRESSURE DESIGN OF HIGH PRESSURE COMPONENTS K304.1 Straight Pipe Table K302.3.3D Acceptable Severity Levels for Steel Castings
160	K304.2 Curved and Mitered Segments of Pipe K304.3 Branch Connections K304.4 Closures K304.5 Pressure Design of Flanges and Blanks K304.6 Reducers K304.7 Pressure Design of Other Components
161	K304.8 Fatigue Analysis
162	PART 3 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPING COMPONENTS K305 PIPE K305.1 Requirements K306 FITTINGS, BENDS, AND BRANCH CONNECTIONS K306.1 Pipe Fittings Table K305.1.2 Required Ultrasonic or Eddy Current Examination of Pipe and Tubing for Longitudinal Defects
163	K306.2 Pipe Bends K306.3 Miter Bends K306.4 Fabricated or Flared Laps K306.5 Fabricated Branch Connections K307 VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS K307.1 General K308 FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, AND GASKETS K308.1 General K308.2 Specific Flanges K308.3 Flange Facings K308.4 Gaskets K308.5 Blanks K309 BOLTING PART 4 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPING JOINTS K310 GENERAL K311 WELDED JOINTS K311.1 General K311.2 Specific Requirements
164	K312 FLANGED JOINTS K312.1 Joints Using Flanges of Different Ratings K313 EXPANDED JOINTS K314 THREADED PIPE JOINTS K314.1 General K314.2 Taper-Threaded Pipe Joints K314.3 Straight-Threaded Pipe Joints K315 TUBING JOINTS K315.1 Flared End Tubing Joints K315.2 Flareless Tubing Joints Using Components Conforming to Listed Standards K315.3 Flareless Tubing Joints Using Components Not Conforming to Listed Standards K316 CAULKED JOINTS K317 SOLDERED AND BRAZED JOINTS K317.1 Soldered Joints K317.2 Brazed Joints
165	K318 SPECIAL JOINTS K318.1 General K318.2 Specific Requirements PART 5 FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORT K319 FLEXIBILITY K320 ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINED LOADS K320.1 Basic Assumptions and Requirements K320.2 Stress Due to Sustained Loads K321 PIPING SUPPORT K321.1 General K321.3 Structural Attachments PART 6 SYSTEMS K322 SPECIFIC PIPING SYSTEMS K322.3 Instrument Piping K322.6 Pressure-Relieving Systems
166	PART 7 MATERIALS K323 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS K323.1 Materials and Specifications K323.2 Temperature Limitations
167	K323.3 Impact Testing Methods and Acceptance Criteria K323.4 Requirements for Materials
168	Table K323.3.1 Impact Testing Requirements
169	K323.5 Deterioration of Materials in Service K325 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS PART 8 STANDARDS FOR PIPING COMPONENTS K326 REQUIREMENTS FOR COMPONENTS K326.1 Dimensional Requirements K326.2 Ratings of Components K326.3 Reference Documents Figure K323.3.3 Example of an Acceptable Impact Test Specimen
170	K326.4 Repair of Piping Components by Welding PART 9 FABRICATION, ASSEMBLY, AND ERECTION K327 GENERAL K328 WELDING K328.1 Welding Responsibility K328.2 Welding Qualifications Table K323.3.5 Minimum Required Charpy V-Notch Impact Values
171	K328.3 Materials Table K326.1 Component Standards
172	K328.4 Preparation for Welding K328.5 Welding Requirements K328.6 Weld Repair Figure K328.4.3 Pipe Bored for Alignment: Trimming and Permitted Misalignment
173	K330 PREHEATING K330.1 General K330.2 Specific Requirements K331 HEAT TREATMENT K331.1 General Figure K328.5.4 Some Acceptable Welded Branch Connections Suitable for 100% Radiography
174	K331.2 Specific Requirements K332 BENDING AND FORMING K332.1 General K332.2 Bending K332.3 Forming K332.4 Required Heat Treatment K333 BRAZING AND SOLDERING
175	K335 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION K335.1 General K335.2 Flanged Joints K335.3 Threaded Joints K335.4 Special Joints K335.5 Cleaning of Piping PART 10 INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, AND TESTING K340 INSPECTION K341 EXAMINATION K341.3 Examination Requirements Table K341.3.2 Acceptance Criteria for Welds
176	K341.4 Extent of Required Examination
177	K341.5 Supplementary Examination K342 EXAMINATION PERSONNEL K343 EXAMINATION PROCEDURES K344 TYPES OF EXAMINATION K344.1 General K344.2 Visual Examination K344.3 Magnetic Particle Examination K344.4 Liquid Penetrant Examination K344.5 Radiographic Examination K344.6 Ultrasonic Examination
178	K344.7 In-Process Examination K344.8 Eddy Current Examination K345 LEAK TESTING K345.1 Required Leak Test K345.2 General Requirements for Leak Tests
179	K345.3 Preparation for Leak Test K345.4 Hydrostatic Leak Test K345.5 Pneumatic Leak Test K345.6 Hydrostatic–Pneumatic Leak Test for Components and Welds K346 RECORDS K346.1 Responsibility K346.2 Required Records K346.3 Retention of Records
180	Chapter X High Purity Piping U300 GENERAL STATEMENTS PART 1 CONDITIONS AND CRITERIA U301 DESIGN CONDITIONS U301.3 Design Temperature PART 2 PRESSURE DESIGN OF PIPING COMPONENTS PART 3 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPING COMPONENTS U306 FITTINGS, BENDS, MITERS, LAPS, AND BRANCH CONNECTIONS U306.6 Tube Fittings U307 VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS U307.3 High Purity Fluid Service Valves U308 FLANGES, BLANKS, FLANGE FACINGS, AND GASKETS
181	PART 4 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS FOR PIPING JOINTS U311 WELDED JOINTS U311.1 General U314 THREADED JOINTS U315 TUBING JOINTS U315.1 General U315.2 Joints Conforming to Listed Standards U315.3 Joints Not Conforming to Listed Standards PART 5 FLEXIBILITY AND SUPPORT U319 PIPING FLEXIBILITY U319.3 Properties for Flexibility Analysis PART 6 SYSTEMS Figure U304.5.3 Blanks
182	PART 7 METALLIC MATERIALS PART 8 STANDARDS FOR PIPING COMPONENTS PART 9 FABRICATION, ASSEMBLY, AND ERECTION U327 GENERAL U328 WELDING U328.2 Welding and Brazing Qualification U328.4 Preparation for Welding U328.5 Welding Requirements U330 PREHEATING U331 HEAT TREATMENT U332 BENDING AND FORMING U333 BRAZING AND SOLDERING U335 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION U335.7 Face Seal Joints
183	U335.8 Hygienic Clamp Joint Assembly PART 10 INSPECTION, EXAMINATION, AND TESTING U340 INSPECTION U341 EXAMINATION U341.3 Examination Requirements U341.4 Extent of Required Examination Figure U335.7.1 Face Seal Joints Figure U335.8A Hygienic Clamp Joint Assembly
184	U342 EXAMINATION PERSONNEL U342.2 Specific Requirement U343 EXAMINATION PROCEDURES U344 TYPES OF EXAMINATION U344.2 Visual Examination U344.8 Weld Coupon Examination Figure U335.8B Hygienic Clamp Types Figure U335.8C Hygienic Ferrules
185	U345 TESTING U345.1 Required Leak Test U345.8 Sensitive Leak Test U345.9 Alternative Leak Test U346 RECORDS U346.2 Responsibility U346.3 Retention of Records PART 11 HIGH PURITY PIPING IN CATEGORY M FLUID SERVICE UM300 GENERAL STATEMENTS UM307 METALLIC VALVES AND SPECIALTY COMPONENTS
186	UM307.2 Specific Requirements UM322 SPECIFIC PIPING SYSTEMS UM322.3 Instrument Piping UM328 WELDING OF MATERIALS UM335 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION OF METALLIC PIPING UM335.3.3 Straight-Threaded Joints. UM341 EXAMINATION UM341.4 Extent of Required Examination UM345 TESTING
187	APPENDIX A ALLOWABLE STRESSES AND QUALITY FACTORS FOR METALLIC PIPING AND BOLTING MATERIALS
188	Specification Index for Appendix A
196	Table A-1 Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metals
271	Table A-1M Basic Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metals (SI Units)
381	Table A-1A Basic Casting Quality Factors, Ec
382	Table A-1B Basic Quality Factors for Longitudinal Weld Joints in Pipes and Tubes, Ej
387	Table A-2 Design Stress Values for Bolting Materials
397	Table A-2M Design Stress Values for Bolting Materials (SI Units)
413	APPENDIX B STRESS TABLES AND ALLOWABLE PRESSURE TABLES FOR NONMETALS
415	Table B-1 Hydrostatic Design Stresses (HDS) and Recommended Temperature Limits for Thermoplastic Pipe
417	Table B-1M Hydrostatic Design Stresses (HDS) and Recommended Temperature Limits for Thermoplastic Pipe (SI Units)
419	Table B-2 Listed Specifications for Laminated Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe Table B-3 Listed Specifications for Filament Wound and Centrifugally Cast Reinforced Thermosetting Resin and Reinforced Plastic Mortar Pipe
420	Table B-4 Allowable Pressures and Recommended Temperature Limits for Concrete Pipe Table B-5 Allowable Pressures and Recommended Temperature Limits for Borosilicate Glass Pipe
421	Table B-6 Allowable Pressures and Recommended Temperature Limits for PEX-AL-PEX and PE-AL-PE Pipe
422	APPENDIX C PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PIPING MATERIALS
423	Table C-1 Thermal Expansion Data
427	Table C-1M Thermal Expansion Data (SI Units)
432	Table C-5 Thermal Expansion Coefficients, Nonmetals
434	Table C-6 Moduli of Elasticity for Metals
438	Table C-6M Moduli of Elasticity for Metals (SI Units)
442	Table C-8 Modulus of Elasticity, Nonmetals
443	APPENDIX D FLEXIBILITY AND STRESS INTENSIFICATION FACTORS
444	Table D300 Flexibility Factor, k, and Stress Intensification Factor, i
448	APPENDIX E REFERENCE STANDARDS
454	APPENDIX F GUIDANCE AND PRECAUTIONARY CONSIDERATIONS F300 GENERAL F300.1 Piping That Has Been Placed in Service F301 DESIGN CONDITIONS F301.4 Ambient Effects F301.5 Dynamic Effects F301.7 Thermal Expansion and Contraction Effects F301.10 Cyclic Effects
455	F304 PRESSURE DESIGN F304.7 Pressure Design of Other Metallic Components F307 VALVES F308 FLANGES AND GASKETS F308.2 Specific Flanges F308.4 Gaskets
456	F309 BOLTING F309.1 General F312 FLANGED JOINTS F312.1 General F321 PIPING SUPPORT F321.4 Wear of Piping at Support Points F322 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR SPECIFIC SYSTEMS F322.6 Pressure Relief Piping F323 MATERIALS F323.1 General Considerations
457	F323.2 Temperature Limitations F323.4 Specific Material Considerations — Metals
458	F331 HEAT TREATMENT F331.1 Heat Treatment Considerations F335 ASSEMBLY AND ERECTION F335.9 Cleaning of Piping
459	F335.10 Identification of Piping F345 TESTING F345.4 Hydrostatic Leak Test F345.5 Pneumatic Leak Test FA323 MATERIALS FA323.4 Material Considerations — Nonmetals FK300 GENERAL STATEMENTS FU315 HYGIENIC CLAMP JOINTS
460	APPENDIX G SAFEGUARDING G300 SCOPE G300.1 General Considerations G300.2 Safeguarding by Plant Layout and Operation G300.3 Engineered Safeguards
462	APPENDIX H SAMPLE CALCULATIONS FOR BRANCH REINFORCEMENT H300 INTRODUCTION (SI UNITS) H301 EXAMPLE 1 H302 EXAMPLE 2
463	Figure H301 Illustrations for SI Units Examples in Appendix H
464	H303 EXAMPLE 3
465	H304 EXAMPLE 4 H305 EXAMPLE 5 (Not Illustrated) H310 INTRODUCTION (U.S. CUSTOMARY UNITS) H311 EXAMPLE 1
466	H312 EXAMPLE 2
467	Figure H311 Illustrations for U.S. Customary Units Examples in Appendix H
468	H313 EXAMPLE 3 H314 EXAMPLE 4
469	H315 EXAMPLE 5 (Not Illustrated)
470	APPENDIX J NOMENCLATURE
486	APPENDIX K ALLOWABLE STRESSES FOR HIGH PRESSURE PIPING
489	Table K-1 Allowable Stresses in Tension for Metals for Chapter IX
501	APPENDIX L ALUMINUM ALLOY PIPE FLANGES L300 GENERAL L301 PRESSURE–TEMPERATURE RATINGS L301.1 Ratings Basis L301.2 Ratings of Flanged Joints L301.3 Temperature Considerations L301.4 Hydrostatic Test L302 MARKING L302.1 Name L302.2 Material L302.3 Rating L302.4 Designation L302.5 Size
502	Table L301.2M Pressure–Temperature Ratings (SI Units) Table L301.2U Pressure–Temperature Ratings (U.S. Customary Units) L303 MATERIALS L303.1 Flange Material L303.2 Bolting Materials L303.3 Gaskets
503	Table L303.2 Aluminum Bolting Materials L304 DIMENSIONS AND FACINGS L305 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
504	APPENDIX M GUIDE TO CLASSIFYING FLUID SERVICES
505	Figure M300 Guide to Classifying Fluid Services
506	APPENDIX N APPLICATION OF ASME B31.3 INTERNATIONALLY N100 INTRODUCTION N200 COMPLIANCE WITH THE EUROPEAN PRESSURE EQUIPMENT DIRECTIVE (PED)
507	APPENDIX Q QUALITY SYSTEM PROGRAM
508	APPENDIX R USE OF ALTERNATIVE ULTRASONIC ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA R300 GENERAL R301 SCOPE R302 EQUIPMENT R303 PERSONNEL R304 EXAMINATION R305 DATA RECORDING AND CAPTURE R306 DATA ANALYSIS
509	Figure R307 Surface and Subsurface Flaws R307 FLAW EVALUATION R308 FLAW ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
510	Table R308.1 Acceptance Criteria for Surface Flaws Table R308.2 Acceptance Criteria for Subsurface Flaws
511	Figure S301.1 Simple Code Compliant Model APPENDIX S PIPING SYSTEM STRESS ANALYSIS EXAMPLES S300 INTRODUCTION S300.1 Definitions and Nomenclature S301 EXAMPLE 1: CODE COMPLIANT PIPING SYSTEM S301.1 Example Description S301.2 Design Conditions
512	Table S301.1 Temperature/Pressure Combinations Table S301.3.1 Generic Pipe Stress Model Input S301.3 Computer Model Input S301.4 Pressure Effects
513	Table S301.3.2 Element Connectivity, Type, and Lengths Table S301.5.1 Operating Load Case Results: Internal Loads and Deflections S301.5 The Operating Load Case S301.6 The Sustained Load Case S301.7 The Displacement Stress Range Load Case
514	Table S301.5.2 Operating Load Case Results: Reaction Loads on Supports and Anchors Table S301.6 Sustained Forces and Stresses [Allowable Sh = 130 MPa (18,900 psi)] S302 EXAMPLE 2: ANTICIPATED SUSTAINED CONDITIONS CONSIDERING PIPE LIFTOFF S302.1 Example Description
515	Table S301.7 Displacement Stress Range [SA = 205 MPa (29,725 psi)] Table S302.1 Temperature/Pressure Combinations S302.2 Design Conditions S302.3 Computer Model Input S302.4 Pressure Effects S302.5 The Operating Load Case
516	Table S302.3 Generic Pipe Stress Model Input: Component Connectivity, Type, and Lengths Table S302.5.1 Results for Operating Case 1: Reaction Loads on Support and Anchors S302.6 Sustained Conditions S302.7 Displacement Stress Range Load Cases
517	Table S302.6.2.1 Sustained Load Condition Listing S302.8 Code Compliance — Satisfying the Intent of the Code S303 EXAMPLE 3: MOMENT REVERSAL S303.1 Example Description S303.2 Design Conditions S303.3 Computer Model Input
518	Figure S303.1 Moment Reversal Model Table S302.6.3.1 Sustained Forces and Stresses for Sustained Condition 3 With Node 50 Support Removed S303.4 Pressure Effects S303.5 Operating Load Case(s) S303.6 Sustained Load Case
519	Table S303.1 Pressure/Temperature Combinations Table S303.3 Generic Pipe Stress Model Input: Component Connectivity, Type, and Lengths
520	Table S303.7.1 Case 1: Displacement Stress Range S303.7 Displacement Stress Range Load Cases S303.8 Code Compliance — Satisfying the Intent of the Code
521	Table S303.7.2 Case 2: Displacement Stress Range
522	Table S303.7.3 Load Combination Considering Cases 1 and 2, Total Strain Based: Displacement Stress Range
523	APPENDIX V ALLOWABLE VARIATIONS IN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE SERVICE V300 APPLICATION V300.1 Definitions V301 DESIGN BASIS V302 CRITERIA V303 PROCEDURE V303.1 Calculations for Each Service Condition i
524	V303.2 Determine Creep-Rupture Usage Factor V303.3 Evaluation V304 EXAMPLE
526	APPENDIX W HIGH-CYCLE FATIGUE ASSESSMENT OF PIPING SYSTEMS W300 APPLICATION W301 NOMENCLATURE
527	Table W301-1 Gamma Function Evaluation W302 DESIGN FOR FATIGUE W302.1 Fatigue Damage Due to Cyclic Stress Range From Other Than Wave Motion
528	Table W302.1-1 Fatigue Material Coefficients (−3σ) Table W302.1-2 Fatigue Material Coefficients (−2σ) Table W302.1-3 Optional Fatigue Material Coefficients When Nti > 107 W302.2 Fatigue Damage Due to Cyclic Stress Range From Wave Motion
529	Table W302.2-1 Environmental Fatigue Factors for Carbon Steel Piping, T ≤ 93°C (200°F) W302.3 Alternative Analysis Methods W305 FLUID SERVICE REQUIREMENTS W305.1 General W305.3 Optional Supplemental Requirements
531	APPENDIX X METALLIC BELLOWS EXPANSION JOINTS X300 GENERAL X301 PIPING DESIGNER RESPONSIBILITIES X301.1 Expansion Joint Design Conditions X301.2 Piping Design Requirements
532	X302 EXPANSION JOINT MANUFACTURER RESPONSIBILITIES X302.1 Expansion Joint Design
533	X302.2 Expansion Joint Manufacture
535	APPENDIX Z PREPARATION OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES Z300 INTRODUCTION Z301 PREVIOUS INTERPRETATIONS Z302 REQUIREMENTS Z303 SUBMITTAL

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASME	2018	538


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Standard Title	ASME B31.3-2018 – Process Piping
Published Code	ASME
Publication Date	2018
Pages Count	538

ASME B31.3 2018

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