ASME B31.8 2016 R2018
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ASME B31.8 – 2016 (R2018) Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
ASME | 2016 | 206 |
ASME’s B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution covers the design, fabrication, installation, inspection, testing, and other safety aspects of operation and maintenance of gas transmission and distribution systems, including gas pipelines, gas compressor stations, gas metering and regulation stations, gas mains, and service lines up to the outlet of the customer’s meter set assembly. The scope of this Code includes gas transmission and gathering pipelines, including appurtenances, that are installed offshore for the purpose of transporting gas from production facilities to onshore locations; gas storage equipment of the closed pipe type that is fabricated or forged from pipe or fabricated from pipe and fittings, and gas storage lines.
PDF Catalog
PDF Pages | PDF Title |
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4 | CONTENTS |
9 | FOREWORD |
11 | ASME B31 COMMITTEE ROSTER |
15 | INTRODUCTION |
17 | ASME B31.8-2018 SUMMARY OF CHANGES |
20 | General Provisions and Definitions 801 GENERAL 801.1 Approved Standards and Specifications 801.2 Use of Standards and Specifications Incorporated by Reference 801.3 Standard Dimensions 801.4 SI (Metric) Conversion 802 SCOPE AND INTENT 802.1 Scope 802.2 Intent |
21 | 802.3 Offshore Gas Transmission 803 PIPING SYSTEMS DEFINITIONS 803.1 General Terms and Definitions |
22 | 803.2 Piping Systems 803.3 Distribution Systems 803.4 Gathering Systems 803.5 Miscellaneous Systems |
23 | 803.6 Meters, Regulators, and Pressure Relief Stations 803.7 Valves 803.8 Gas Storage Equipment 804 PIPING SYSTEMS COMPONENT DEFINITIONS 804.1 Plastic Terms and Definitions |
24 | 804.2 Iron Terms and Definitions 804.3 General Terms and Definitions 804.4 Pipe Terms and Definitions 804.5 Dimensional Terms and Definitions 804.6 Mechanical Properties 804.7 Steel Pipe |
26 | 804.8 805 DESIGN, FABRICATION, OPERATION, AND TESTING TERMS AND DEFINITIONS 805.1 General |
27 | 805.2 Design |
31 | 806 QUALITY ASSURANCE |
32 | 807 TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION OF PERSONNEL 807.1 Program 807.2 Operating and Maintenance Functions 807.3 Reference |
33 | Chapter I Materials and Equipment 810 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT 811 QUALIFICATION OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT 811.1 Categories 811.2 Procedures for Qualification 811.3 Unidentified or Used Pipe |
34 | 812 MATERIALS FOR USE IN LOW-TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS 813 MARKING 813.1 Scope 813.2 Die Stamping 813.3 Multiple Marking of Materials or Components 814 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS 814.1 Pipe Conforming to Referenced Standards and Specifications 814.1.1 Steel Pipe |
35 | 814.1.2 Ductile Iron Pipe. 814.1.3 Plastic Pipe and Components 814.1.4 Qualification of Plastic Piping Materials 814.2 Steel, Cast Iron, and Ductile Iron Piping Components 815 EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS 816 TRANSPORTATION OF LINE PIPE 817 CONDITIONS FOR THE REUSE OF PIPE 817.1 Reuse of Steel Pipe |
37 | 817.2 Reuse of Ductile Iron Pipe 817.3 Reuse of Plastic Piping Tables Table 817.1.3-1 Tensile Testing |
38 | Chapter II Welding 820 WELDING 821 GENERAL 821.1 Welding Processes 821.2 Welding Procedure 821.3 Weld Acceptance 821.4 Welding Qualifications 821.5 Welding Safety 821.6 Welding Terms 822 PREPARATION FOR WELDING 822.1 Butt Welds 822.2 Fillet Welds 822.3 Seal Welds |
39 | 823 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND WELDERS 823.1 Requirements for Qualifying Welders on Piping Systems Operating at Hoop Stresses of Less Than 20% of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength 823.2 Requirements for Qualifying Procedures and Welders on Piping Systems Operating at Hoop Stresses of 20% or More of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength 823.3 Welder Requalification Requirements 823.4 Qualification Records 824 PREHEATING 824.1 Carbon Steels 824.2 Dissimilar Materials 824.3 Suitable Methods 824.4 Temporary Monitoring 825 STRESS RELIEVING 825.1 Carbon Steels |
40 | 825.2 Wall Thickness 825.3 Different Wall Thicknesses 825.4 Dissimilar Materials 825.5 Connections and Attachments 825.6 Stress Relieving Temperature 825.7 Methods of Stress Relieving 825.8 Equipment for Local Stress Relieving 826 WELD INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS 826.1 Visual Inspection 826.2 Inspection of Welds on Piping Systems Intended to Operate at Hoop Stress Levels of Less Than 20% of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength 826.3 Inspection and Tests for Quality Control of Welds on Piping Systems Intended to Operate at Hoop Stress Levels of 20% or More of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength |
41 | 827 REPAIR OR REMOVAL OF DEFECTIVE WELDS IN PIPING INTENDED TO OPERATE AT HOOP STRESS LEVELS OF 20% OR MORE OF THE SPECIFIED MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH |
42 | Chapter III Piping System Components and Fabrication Details 830 GENERAL 831 PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS 831.1 Valves and Pressure-Reducing Devices |
43 | 831.2 Flanges |
44 | 831.3 Fittings Other Than Valves and Flanges |
46 | 831.4 Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections |
48 | 831.5 Reinforcement of Multiple Openings 831.6 Extruded Outlets Table 831.4.2-1 Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections, Special Requirements |
49 | 832 EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY 832.1 Application 832.2 Amount of Expansion or Contraction 832.3 Flexibility Requirements Table 832.2-1 Thermal Expansion or Contraction of Piping Materials — Carbon and Low Alloy High Tensile Steel and Wrought Iron |
50 | 832.4 Reactions 832.5 Modulus of Elasticity 833 DESIGN FOR LONGITUDINAL STRESS 833.1 Restraint 833.2 Calculation of Longitudinal Stress Components Table 832.5-1 Modulus of Elasticity for Carbon and Low Alloy Steel |
51 | 833.3 Summation of Longitudinal Stress in Restrained Pipe 833.4 Combined Stress for Restrained Pipe 833.5 Design for Stress Greater Than Yield 833.6 Summation of Longitudinal Stresses in Unrestrained Pipe 833.7 Flexibility Analysis for Unrestrained Piping |
52 | 833.8 Flexibility Stresses and Stresses Due to Periodic or Cyclic Fatigue Loading 833.9 Local Stresses 833.10 Buckling and Lateral Instability |
53 | 834 SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGE FOR EXPOSED PIPING 834.1 General 834.2 Provision for Expansion 834.3 Materials, Design, and Installation 834.4 Forces on Pipe Joints 834.5 Attachment of Supports or Anchors 835 ANCHORAGE FOR BURIED PIPING 835.1 General 835.2 Anchorage at Bends 835.3 Restraint Due to Soil Friction 835.4 Forces on Pipe Joints 835.5 Supports for Buried Piping |
54 | 835.6 Interconnection of Underground Lines 836 LIQUID REMOVAL EQUIPMENT |
55 | Chapter IV Design, Installation, and Testing 840 DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND TESTING 840.1 General Provisions |
56 | 840.2 Buildings Intended for Human Occupancy 840.3 Considerations Necessary for Concentrations of People in Location Class 1 or 2 |
57 | 840.4 Intent 841 STEEL PIPE 841.1 Steel Piping Systems Design Requirements |
59 | Table 841.1.6-1 Basic Design Factor, F |
60 | Table 841.1.6-2 Design Factors for Steel Pipe Construction |
61 | Table 841.1.7-1 Longitudinal Joint Factor, E Table 841.1.8-1 Temperature Derating Factor, T, for Steel Pipe |
63 | Table 841.1.11-1 Pipeline Cover Requirements |
64 | 841.2 Installation of Steel Pipelines and Mains |
65 | Table 841.2.3-1 Pipeline Field Cold Bend Requirements |
67 | 841.3 Testing After Construction |
69 | Table 841.3.2-1 Test Requirements for Steel Pipelines and Mains to Operate at Hoop Stresses of 30% or More of the Specified Minimum Yield Strength of the Pipe |
70 | 841.4 Commissioning of Facilities 842 OTHER MATERIALS 842.1 Ductile Iron Piping Systems Requirements Table 841.3.3-1 Maximum Hoop Stress Permissible During an Air or Gas Test |
71 | 842.2 Design of Plastic Piping |
72 | Table 842.1.1-1 Standard Thickness Selection Table for Ductile Iron Pipe |
75 | 842.3 Installation of Plastic Piping |
76 | Table 842.2.9-1 Nominal Values for Coefficients of Thermal Expansion of Thermoplastic Pipe Materials |
77 | 842.4 Testing Plastic Piping After Construction 842.5 Copper Mains |
78 | 843 COMPRESSOR STATIONS 843.1 Compressor Station Design 843.2 Electrical Facilities 843.3 Compressor Station Equipment |
80 | 843.4 Compressor Station Piping |
81 | 844 PIPE-TYPE AND BOTTLE-TYPE HOLDERS 844.1 Pipe-Type Holders in Rights-of-Way Not Under Exclusive Use and Control of the Operating Company 844.2 Bottle-Type Holders 844.3 Pipe-Type and Bottle-Type Holders on Property Under the Exclusive Use and Control of the Operating Company 844.4 Special Provisions Applicable to Bottle-Type Holders Only |
82 | 844.5 General Provisions Applicable to Both Pipe-Type and Bottle-Type Holders 845 CONTROL AND LIMITING OF GAS PRESSURE 845.1 Basic Requirement for Protection Against Accidental Overpressuring 845.2 Control and Limiting of Gas Pressure Table 844.3-1 Design Factors, F Table 844.3-2 Minimum Clearance Between Containers and Fenced Boundaries |
83 | Table 845.2.2-1 MaximumAllowable Operating Pressure for Steel or Plastic Pipelines or Mains |
84 | Table 845.2.3-1 Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure for Pipelines Operating at 100 psig (690 kPa) or More Table 845.2.3-2 Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure for Pipelines Operating at Less Than 100 psig (690 kPa) |
86 | 845.3 Requirements for Design of Pressure Relief and Pressure-Limiting Installations 845.4 Capacity of Pressure-Relieving and Pressure-Limiting Station and Devices |
87 | 845.5 Instrument, Control, and Sample Piping 846 VALVES 846.1 Required Spacing of Valves |
88 | 846.2 Location of Valves 847 VAULTS 847.1 Structural Design Requirements |
89 | 847.2 Accessibility 847.3 Vault Sealing, Venting, and Ventilation 847.4 Drainage and Waterproofing 848 CUSTOMERS’ METERS AND REGULATORS 848.1 Location for Customers’ Meter and Regulator Installations |
90 | 848.2 Operating Pressures for Customers’ Meter Installations 848.3 Protection of Customers’ Meter and Regulator Installations From Damage 848.4 Installation of Meters and Regulators 849 GAS SERVICE LINES 849.1 General Provisions Applicable to Steel, Copper, and Plastic Service Lines |
92 | 849.2 Steel Service Lines 849.3 Ductile Iron Service Lines 849.4 Plastic Service Lines |
93 | 849.5 Copper Service Lines 849.6 Service Line Connections to Mains |
95 | Chapter V Operating and Maintenance Procedures 850 OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AFFECTING THE SAFETY OF GAS TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION FACILITIES 850.1 General 850.2 Basic Requirements 850.3 Essential Features of the Operating and Maintenance Plan 850.4 Essential Features of the Emergency Plan |
96 | 850.5 Pipeline Failure Investigation 850.6 Prevention of Accidental Ignition |
97 | 850.7 Blasting Effects 850.8 Damage Prevention Program 850.9 Communication Plan |
98 | 851 PIPELINE MAINTENANCE 851.1 Periodic Surveillance of Pipelines 851.2 Pipeline Patrolling 851.3 Leakage Surveys 851.4 Repair Procedures for Steel Pipelines |
101 | Figures Figure 851.4.1-1 Allowable Ripple Heights |
102 | 851.5 Testing Repairs to Steel Pipelines or Mains 851.6 Pipeline Leak Records Table 851.4.4-1 Wall Thickness for Unlikely Occurrence of Burn-Through |
103 | 851.7 Pipeline Markers 851.8 Abandoning of Transmission Facilities 851.9 Decommissioning of Transmission Facilities 851.10 Recommissioning of Transmission Facilities 851.11 Repositioning a Pipeline in Service 851.12 Pressure Testing for Integrity Assessment of In-Service Pipelines |
104 | 852 DISTRIBUTION PIPING MAINTENANCE 852.1 Patrolling 852.2 Leakage Surveys |
105 | 852.3 Leakage Investigation and Action 852.4 Requirements for Abandoning, Disconnecting, and Reinstating Distribution Facilities |
106 | 852.5 Plastic Pipe Maintenance |
107 | 852.6 Piping Maintenance Records 852.7 Cast Iron Pipe Maintenance 853 MISCELLANEOUS FACILITIES MAINTENANCE 853.1 Compressor Station Maintenance |
108 | 853.2 Procedures for Maintaining Pipe-Type and Bottle-Type Holders in Safe Operating Condition 853.3 Maintenance of Pressure-Limiting and Pressure-Regulating Stations |
109 | 853.4 Valve Maintenance |
110 | 853.5 Vault Maintenance 854 LOCATION CLASS AND CHANGES IN NUMBER OF BUILDINGS INTENDED FOR HUMAN OCCUPANCY 854.1 Monitoring 854.2 Confirmation or Revision of MAOP |
111 | 854.3 Pressure-Relieving or Pressure-Limiting Devices 854.4 Review of Valve Spacing 854.5 Concentrations of People in Location Classes 1 and 2 Table 854.1-1 Location Class |
112 | 855 PIPELINE SERVICE CONVERSIONS 855.1 General 855.2 Historical Records Study 855.3 Requirements for Conversion to Gas Service 855.4 Conversion Procedure 855.5 Records of the Conversion 856 ODORIZATION 856.1 General |
113 | 856.2 Odorization Equipment 856.3 Odorant Requirements 856.4 Records 856.5 Odorant Concentration Tests 857 UPRATING 857.1 General |
114 | 857.2 Uprating Steel Pipelines or Mains to a Pressure That Will Produce a Hoop Stress of 30% or More of SMYS 857.3 Uprating Steel or Plastic Pipelines to a Pressure That Will Produce a Hoop Stress Less Than 30% of SMYS 857.4 Uprating a Ductile Iron High-Pressure Main or System to a New and Higher Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure |
115 | 857.5 Uprating a Distribution System That Has Been Operating at Inches (Millimeters) of Water (Low Pressure) to a Higher Pressure Table 857.4-1 Wall Thickness Allowance for Uprating a Ductile Iron High-Pressure Main or System |
116 | Chapter VI Corrosion Control 860 GENERAL 860.1 Scope 860.2 Evaluation of Existing Installations |
117 | 860.3 Corrective Measures 861 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR STEEL PIPELINES 861.1 Buried/Submerged Installations |
118 | 861.2 Aboveground Piping Atmospheric Protection |
119 | 861.3 Harsh Environments 862 CATHODIC PROTECTION CRITERIA 862.1 Standard Criteria 862.2 Alternative Criteria 863 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE OF CATHODIC PROTECTION SYSTEMS 863.1 Inspection of Equipment 863.2 Measurement of Cathodic Protection 863.3 Frequency of Testing 863.4 Appropriate Correction Measure 864 INTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL 864.1 General |
120 | 864.2 Design of New Installations |
121 | 865 STEEL PIPELINES IN ARCTIC ENVIRONMENTS 865.1 Special Considerations for Arctic Environments 866 STEEL PIPELINES IN HIGH-TEMPERATURE SERVICE 866.1 Special Considerations for High-Temperature Service |
122 | 867 STRESS CORROSION AND OTHER PHENOMENA 868 CAST IRON, WROUGHT IRON, DUCTILE IRON, AND OTHER METALLIC PIPELINES 868.1 Requirements for Cast Iron and Ductile Iron Piping Facilities Exposed to Atmosphere 868.2 Other Metallic Materials 868.3 Installation of Electrical Connections |
123 | Chapter VII Intentionally Left Blank |
124 | Chapter VIII Offshore Gas Transmission A800 OFFSHORE GAS TRANSMISSION A801 GENERAL A802 SCOPE AND INTENT A802.1 Scope A802.2 Intent A803 OFFSHORE GAS TRANSMISSION TERMS AND DEFINITIONS |
126 | A811 QUALIFICATION OF MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT A814 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS A814.1 Pipe Conforming to Referenced Standards and Specifications A814.3 Weight Coating A814.4 Flexible Pipe A814.5 Other Requirements A817 CONDITIONS FOR THE REUSE AND REQUALIFICATION OF PIPE A817.1 Reuse of Steel Pipe A817.4 Requalification of Pipeline Systems A820 WELDING OFFSHORE PIPELINES A821 GENERAL A821.1 General Requirements A821.2 Welding Processes A821.3 Welding Procedure |
127 | A823 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND WELDERS A825 STRESS RELIEVING A826 INSPECTION OF WELDS A826.2 Inspection and Tests for Quality Control of Welds on Piping Systems A830 PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND FABRICATION DETAILS A830.1 General A831 PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS |
128 | A831.1 Valves and Pressure-Reducing Devices A832 EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY A834 SUPPORTS AND ANCHORAGE FOR EXPOSED PIPING A835 ANCHORAGE FOR BURIED PIPING A840 DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND TESTING A840.1 General Provisions A840.2 Shoreline Approaches A841 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS A841.1 Design Conditions A841.2 Installation Design Considerations |
129 | A841.3 Operational Design Considerations A842 STRENGTH CONSIDERATIONS A842.1 Strength Consideration During Installation |
130 | A842.2 Strength Considerations During Operations |
131 | Table A842.2.2-1 Design Factors for Offshore Pipelines, Platform Piping, and Pipeline Risers |
133 | A843 COMPRESSOR STATIONS A843.1 Compressor Station Design A843.2 Electrical Facilities A843.3 Compressor Station Equipment |
134 | A844 ON-BOTTOM STABILITY A844.1 Design Storm Conditions A844.2 Stability Against Waves and Currents A844.3 Shore Approaches A844.4 Slope Failure A844.5 Soil Liquefaction |
135 | A846 VALVES A847 TESTING A847.1 General Provisions A847.2 Test Pressure A847.3 Test Medium A847.4 Test Procedure A847.5 Records A847.6 Tie-Ins A847.7 Testing for Buckles |
136 | A850 OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES AFFECTING THE SAFETY OF GAS TRANSMISSION FACILITIES A850.1 General A850.3 Essential Features of the Operating and Maintenance Plan A850.4 Essential Features of the Emergency Plan A850.7 Blasting Effects A851 PIPELINE MAINTENANCE A851.2 Pipeline Patrolling A851.4 Above-Water and Hyperbaric Repair Procedures for Steel Pipelines |
137 | A851.7 Pipeline Markers and Signs A854 LOCATION CLASS A860 CORROSION CONTROL OF OFFSHORE PIPELINES A860.1 Scope A860.2 Evaluation of Existing Installations A861 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL A861.1 Submerged Installations |
138 | A861.2 Above-Water Atmospheric Protection |
139 | A861.4 Atmospheric Corrosion Inspection A862 CATHODIC PROTECTION CRITERIA A862.1 Criteria A862.3 Electrical Checks A864 INTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL A864.1 General |
140 | Chapter IX Sour Gas Service B800 SOUR GAS SERVICE B801 GENERAL B802 SCOPE AND INTENT B802.1 Scope B802.2 Intent B803 SOUR GAS TERMS AND DEFINITIONS |
141 | B813 MARKING B814 MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONS B814.1 Pipe Conforming to Referenced Standards and Specifications B820 WELDING SOUR GAS PIPELINES B821 GENERAL B821.1 General Requirements B821.2 Welding Processes B821.4 Weld Acceptance B822 PREPARATION FOR WELDING B822.3 Seal Welds B822.4 Cleaning B823 QUALIFICATION OF PROCEDURES AND WELDERS B823.2 Requirements for Qualification of Procedures and Welders on Sour Gas Piping Systems B823.2.1 Qualifying Standard. B823.2.4 Hardness Control. |
142 | B824 PREHEATING B824.5 Hydrogen Bake Out of Used Pipe B825 STRESS RELIEVING B825.1 Carbon Steels B825.6 Stress Relieving Temperature B826 WELDING AND INSPECTION TESTS B826.2 Inspection and Tests for Quality Control of Welds on Sour Gas Piping Systems B830 PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS AND FABRICATION DETAILS B831 PIPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS B831.1 Valves and Pressure-Reducing Devices B831.2 Flanges B840 DESIGN, INSTALLATION, AND TESTING B841 STEEL PIPE B841.1 Steel Piping Systems Design Requirements |
143 | B841.2 Installation of Steel Pipelines and Mains B841.3 Testing After Construction B842 OTHER MATERIALS B842.2 Design of Plastic Piping B842.4 Testing Plastic Piping After Construction B843 COMPRESSOR STATIONS B843.3 Compressor Station Equipment B844 PIPE-TYPE AND BOTTLE-TYPE HOLDERS |
144 | B850 ADDITIONAL OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE CONSIDERATIONS AFFECTING THE SAFETY OF SOUR GAS PIPELINES B850.1 General B850.4 Essential Features of the Emergency Plan B851 PIPELINE MAINTENANCE B851.7 Pipeline Markers B851.10 Sour Gas Pipeline Blowdown Table B850.1-1 100-ppm ROE |
145 | B854 LOCATION CLASS AND CHANGES IN NUMBER OF BUILDINGS INTENDED FOR HUMAN OCCUPANCY B854.5 Concentrations of People in Location Classes 1 and 2 Table B850.1-2 500-ppm ROE Table B850.1-3 Metric Example for 100-ppm ROE Table B850.1-4 Metric Example for 500-ppm ROE |
146 | B860 CORROSION CONTROL OF SOUR GAS PIPELINES B860.1 Scope B860.4 Special Considerations B861 EXTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL FOR STEEL PIPELINES B861.1 Buried/Submerged Installations B864 INTERNAL CORROSION CONTROL B864.1 General B864.2 Design of New Installations B867 STRESS CORROSION AND OTHER PHENOMENA |
147 | MANDATORY APPENDICES MANDATORY APPENDIX A REFERENCES A-1 AGA A-2 API |
148 | A-3 ASME A-4 ASTM |
149 | A-5 AWS A-6 AWWA |
150 | A-7 CGA A-8 EPRI A-9 GPA A-10 GTI A-11 IEEE A-12 MSS A-13 NACE A-14 NFPA |
151 | A-15 PPI A-16 PRCI |
152 | MANDATORY APPENDIX B NUMBERS AND SUBJECTS OF STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS THAT APPEAR IN MANDATORY APPENDIX A |
153 | NONMANDATORY APPENDICES NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C PUBLICATIONS THAT DO NOT APPEAR IN THE CODE OR MANDATORY APPENDIX A C-1 AGA C-2 API C-3 ASCE C-4 ASME C-5 ASTM |
154 | C-6 AWWA C-7 GTI |
155 | C-8 MSS C-9 OTHER PUBLICATIONS |
156 | MANDATORY APPENDIX D SPECIFIED MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH FOR STEEL PIPE COMMONLY USED IN PIPING SYSTEMS |
157 | Table D-1 Specified Minimum Yield Strength for Steel Pipe Commonly Used in Piping Systems |
158 | Table D-2 HDB Values for Thermoplastic Materials |
159 | MANDATORY APPENDIX E FLEXIBILITY AND STRESS INTENSIFICATION FACTORS |
160 | Table E-1 Flexibility Factor, k, and Stress Intensification Factor, i |
165 | Figure F-1 MANDATORY APPENDIX F EXTRUDED HEADERS AND WELDED BRANCH CONNECTIONS F-1 EXTRUDED HEADERS F-2 EXAMPLES ILLUSTRATING THE APPLICATION OF THE RULES FOR REINFORCEMENT OF WELDED BRANCH CONNECTIONS |
166 | Figure F-2 |
167 | Figure F-3 Figure F-4 |
168 | Figure F-5 Rules for Reinforcement of Welded Branch Connections |
169 | Figure F-6 |
170 | Figure F-7 |
172 | MANDATORY APPENDIX G TESTING OF WELDERS LIMITED TO WORK ON LINES OPERATING AT HOOP STRESSES OF LESS THAN 20% OF THE SPECIFIED MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH G-1 TEST PROCEDURES |
173 | MANDATORY APPENDIX H FLATTENING TEST FOR PIPE H-1 TEST PROCEDURES |
174 | MANDATORY APPENDIX I END PREPARATIONS FOR BUTTWELDING I-1 EXPLANATORY NOTES |
175 | Figure I-1 Welding Details for Openings Without Reinforcement Other Than That in Header and Branch Walls Figure I-2 Welding Details for Openings With Localized-Type Reinforcement |
176 | Figure I-3 Welding Details for Openings With Complete Encirclement Types of Reinforcement |
177 | Figure I-3.1 Pressurized Hot Tap Tee Reinforcing Sleeve End Fillet Weld Design |
178 | Figure I-4 Acceptable Combinations of Pipe End Preparations |
179 | Figure I-5 Acceptable Design for Unequal Wall Thickness |
180 | Figure I-6 Recommended Attachment Details of Flanges |
181 | Table I-1 Lightweight Flanges |
182 | Table I-1M Lightweight Flanges (Metric Dimensions) |
183 | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX J COMMONLY USED CONVERSION FACTORS |
184 | Table J-1 Commonly Used Conversion Factors |
186 | Table J-2 List of SI Units for Use With B31.8 Code |
188 | MANDATORY APPENDIX K CRITERIA FOR CATHODIC PROTECTION |
189 | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX L DETERMINATION OF REMAINING STRENGTH OF CORRODED PIPE |
190 | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX M GAS LEAKAGE CONTROL CRITERIA M-1 SCOPE M-2 DEFINITIONS (APPLICABLE TO THIS APPENDIX ONLY) M-3 LEAKAGE SURVEY AND TEST METHODS |
192 | Table M-4-1 Leak Detection Instruments: Type and General Usage M-4 TYPICALLY AVAILABLE INSTRUMENTS FOR THE DETECTION OF GAS M-5 LEAKAGE CLASSIFICATION AND ACTION CRITERIA |
193 | M-6 PINPOINTING |
194 | Table M-5.3-1 Leak Classification and Action Criteria: Grade 1 |
195 | Table M-5.3-2 Leak Classification and Action Criteria: Grade 2 Table M-5.3-3 Leak Classification and Action Criteria: Grade 3 |
196 | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX N RECOMMENDED PRACTICE FOR HYDROSTATIC TESTING OF PIPELINES IN PLACE N-1 INTRODUCTION N-2 PLANNING N-3 FILLING N-4 TESTING |
197 | N-5 DETERMINATION OF PRESSURE REQUIRED TO PRODUCE YIELDING N-6 LEAK TESTING N-7 RECORDS |
198 | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX O PREPARATION OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES O-1 INTRODUCTION O-2 REQUIREMENTS O-3 SUBMITTAL |
199 | NONMANDATORY APPENDIX P NOMENCLATURE FOR FIGURES |
200 | MANDATORY APPENDIX Q SCOPE DIAGRAMS |
201 | Figure Q-1 Scope of ASME B31.8 Transmission Piping Offshore |
202 | Figure Q-2 Scope of ASME B31.8 Transmission Piping Onshore |
203 | Figure Q-3 Scope of ASME B31.8 Distribution Piping |
204 | Figure R-1 Method for Estimating Strain in Dents NONMANDATORY APPENDIX R ESTIMATING STRAIN IN DENTS R-1 STRAIN R-2 ESTIMATING STRAIN |