ASME BPVC I 2021

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ASME BPVC – I -2021 BPVC Section I, Rules for Construction of Power Boilers

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ASME	2021

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Description

This Section provides requirements for all methods of construction of power, electric, and miniature boilers; high temperature water boilers, heat recovery steam generators, and certain fired pressure vessels to be used in stationary service; and power boilers used in locomotive, portable, and traction service. Rules pertaining to use of the ASME Certification Mark and V, A, M, PP, S and E Designators are also included. The rules are applicable to boilers in which steam or other vapor is generated at a pressures exceeding 15 psig, and high temperature water boilers intended for operation at pressures exceeding 160 psig and/or temperatures exceeding 250 degree F. Superheaters, economizers, and other pressure parts connected directly to the boiler without intervening valves are considered as part of the scope of Section I. Careful application of this Section will help users to comply with applicable regulations within their jurisdictions, while achieving the operational, cost and safety benefits to be gained from the many industry best-practices detailed within these volumes. Intended for manufacturers, users, constructors, designers and others concerned with the design, fabrication, assembly, erection, examination, inspection and testing of pressure vessels, plus all potential governing entities.

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PDF Pages	PDF Title
5	TABLE OF CONTENTS
26	LIST OF SECTIONS
27	INTERPRETATIONS CODE CASES
28	FOREWORD
30	STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF THE ASME SINGLE CERTIFICATION MARK AND CODE AUTHORIZATION IN ADVERTISING STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF ASME MARKING TO IDENTIFY MANUFACTURED ITEMS
31	SUBMITTAL OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES TO THE BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL STANDARDS COMMITTEES
34	PERSONNEL
55	PREAMBLE
57	SUMMARY OF CHANGES
60	LIST OF CHANGES IN RECORD NUMBER ORDER
61	CROSS-REFERENCING AND STYLISTIC CHANGES IN THE BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE
63	Part PG General Requirements for all Methods of Construction General PG-1 Scope PG-2 Service Limitations PG-3 Referenced Standards PG-4 Units of Measure
64	Materials PG-5 General Tables Table PG-4-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations
65	PG-6 Plate PG-7 Forgings PG-8 Castings
66	PG-9 Pipes, Tubes, and Pressure-Containing Parts
68	PG-10 Material Identified With or Produced to a Specification Not Permitted by This Section, and Material Not Fully Identified
70	PG-11 Prefabricated or Preformed Pressure Parts Furnished Without a Certification Mark
72	PG-12 Water Level Indicators and Connector Material
73	PG-13 Stays PG-14 Rivets Design PG-16 General
74	PG-17 Fabrication by a Combination of Methods PG-18 Design Validation by Proof Test PG-19 Cold Forming of Austenitic Materials3
75	Table PG-19 Post Cold-Forming Strain Limits and Heat-Treatment Requirements for Austenitic Materials and Nickel-Based Alloys
76	PG-20 Cold Forming of Carbon, Carbon-Molybdenum, and Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic Steels Table PG-20 Post Cold-Forming Strain Limits and Heat-Treatment Requirements
77	PG-21 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure
78	PG-22 Loadings PG-23 Stress Values for Calculation Formulas PG-25 Quality Factors for Steel Castings
80	PG-26 Weld Joint Strength Reduction Factor PG-27 Cylindrical Components Under Internal Pressure
81	Table PG-26 Weld Strength Reduction Factors to Be Applied When Calculating Maximum Allowable Working Pressure or Minimum Required Thickness of Components Fabricated With a Longitudinal Seam Weld
85	PG-28 Components Under External Pressure
86	Figures Figure PG-28 Maximum Internal Projection of Welded Access or Inspection Openings
87	PG-29 Dished Heads
89	PG-30 Stayed Dished Heads PG-31 Unstayed Flat Heads and Covers
90	Figure PG-31 Some Acceptable Types of Unstayed Flat Heads and Covers
93	Openings and Compensation9 PG-32 Openings in Shells, Headers, and Dished Heads
94	PG-33 Compensation Required for Openings in Shells and Dished Heads
95	Figure PG-33.1 Nomenclature and Equations for Reinforced Openings
96	Figure PG-33.2 Some Representative Configurations Describing the Dimensions te, h, and d
97	PG-34 Flanged-in Openings in Formed Heads PG-35 Compensation Required for Openings in Flat Unstayed Heads and Flat Stayed Plates Figure PG-33.3 Chart for Determining Value of F
98	PG-36 Limits of Metal Available for Compensation PG-37 Strength of Compensation
99	PG-38 Compensation for Multiple Openings Figure PG-38.1-1 Example of Two Openings Spaced With Limits ofReinforcement Overlapping Figure PG-38.2-1 Example of More Than Two Openings Spaced With Limits of Reinforcement Overlapping
100	PG-39 Methods of Attachment of Pipe and Nozzle Necks to Vessel Walls Figure PG-38.4-1 Illustrations of the Rule Given in PG-38.4
101	PG-42 General Requirements for Flanges, Pipe Fittings, and Valves Table PG-39 Minimum Number of Threads Per Connection
103	Figure PG-42.1 Welding End Transitions Maximum Envelope
104	PG-43 Nozzle Neck Thickness PG-44 Inspection Openings
105	PG-46 Stayed Surfaces Figure PG-46.2 Acceptable Proportions for Ends of Through-Stays
106	PG-47 Staybolts PG-48 Location of Staybolts PG-49 Dimensions of Staybolts PG-50 Drilled Holes Not Penetrating Through a Vessel Wall PG-52 Ligaments
107	Figure PG-52.1 Diagram for Determining the Efficiency of Longitudinal and Diagonal Ligaments Between Openings in Cylindrical Shells
108	Figure PG-52.2 Example of Tube Spacing With Pitch of Holes Equal in Every Row Figure PG-52.3 Example of Tube Spacing With Pitch of Holes Unequal in Every Second Row
109	PG-53 Ligaments Figure PG-52.4 Example of Tube Spacing With Pitch of Holes Varying in Every Second and Third Row Figure PG-52.5 Example of Tube Spacing With Tube Holes on Diagonal Lines
110	Figure PG-52.6 Diagram for Determining Equivalent Longitudinal Efficiency of Diagonal Ligaments Between Openings in Cylindrical Shells
111	PG-55 Supports and Attachment Lugs PG-56 Loading on Structural Attachments Figure PG-53.2.2-1 Example of Tube Spacing That Does Not Form a Definite Pattern
112	Figure PG-56.1.2 Method of Computation of Attachments to Tubes Table PG-56.2 Tube Attachment Angle Design Factor, K
113	Boiler External Piping and Boiler Proper Connections PG-58 Boiler External Piping (BEP) Figure PG-56.2 Chart for Determining Load Factor, Lf
114	Figure PG-58.2-1 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — Drum-Type Boilers
115	Figure PG-58.2-2 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — Isolable Economizers Located in Feedwater Piping and Isolable Superheaters in Main Steam Piping
116	Figure PG-58.2-3 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — Reheaters and Nonintegral Separately Fired Superheaters
117	Figure PG-58.2-4 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — An Example of Forced-Flow Steam Generators With No Fixed Steam and Waterline
118	Figure PG-58.2-5 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — An Example of Steam Separator Type Forced-Flow Steam Generators With No Fixed Steam and Waterline
119	Figure PG-58.2-6 Code Jurisdictional Limits for Piping — Firetube Boiler
121	PG-59 Application Requirements for the Boiler Proper
122	Figure PG-59.1 Typical Boiler Bushings
123	Design and Application PG-60 Design and Application Requirements for Miscellaneous Pipe, Valves, and Fittings
125	Figure PG-60.3.7 Y-Type Globe Valve Figure PG-60.3.9 Typical Arrangement of Steam and Water Connections for a Water Column
126	PG-61 Feedwater Supply Overpressure Protection Requirements PG-67 Boiler
128	Figure PG-67.4 Requirements for Overpressure Protection Forced-Flow Steam Generator
130	PG-68 Superheater and Reheater
131	Table PG-67.5 Supercritical Correction Factor, Ksc
132	PG-69 Certification of Capacity of Pressure Relief Valves
133	Table PG-67.5M Supercritical Correction Factor, Ksc
135	Table PG-68.7 Superheat Correction Factor, Ksh
138	Table PG-68.7M Superheat Correction Factor, Ksh
141	PG-70 Capacity of Pressure Relief Valves PG-71 Mounting of Pressure Relief Valves
142	PG-72 Operation of Pressure Relief Valves PG-73 Minimum Requirements for Pressure Relief Valves
147	Fabrication PG-75 General PG-76 Cutting Plates and Other Stock PG-77 Material Identification
148	PG-78 Repairs of Defects in Materials PG-79 Tube Holes and Ends PG-80 Permissible Out-of-Roundness of Cylindrical Shells PG-81 Tolerance for Formed Heads PG-82 Holes for Stays
149	Inspection and Tests PG-90 General Figure PG-80 Maximum Permissible Deviation From a Circular Form, e, for Cylindrical Parts Under External Pressure
150	PG-91 Qualification of Inspectors PG-93 Examination and Repair of Flat Plate in Corner Joints PG-99 Hydrostatic Test
151	Certification by Stamping and Data Reports PG-101 Heating Surface Computation PG-104 General
152	PG-105 Certification Marks
153	PG-106 Stamping of Boilers Figure PG-105.1 Official Certification Mark to Denote the American Society of Mechanical Engineers’ Standard for Boilers
154	Figure PG-106 Form of Stamping
156	PG-107 Field Assembly PG-108 Stamping for Field-Assembled Boilers
157	PG-109 Stamping of Pressure Piping PG-110 Stamping of Boiler Pressure Relief Valves PG-111 Location of Stampings
158	PG-112 Manufacturer’s Data Report Forms
161	PG-113 Master Data Report Form
162	Part PW Requirements for Boilers Fabricated by Welding General PW-1 General Materials PW-5 General
163	Design PW-8 General PW-9 Design of Welded Joints Figure PW-9.3.1 Butt Welding of Plates of Unequal Thickness
164	Figure PW-9.3.3 Heads Attached to Shells
165	PW-10 Heat Treatment PW-11 Volumetric Examination of Welded Butt Joints Figure PW-9.4 Prohibited Welded Joint
166	PW-13 Head-to-Flange Requirements PW-14 Openings in or Adjacent to Welds PW-15 Welded Connections Table PW-11 Required Volumetric Examination of Welded Butt Joints
167	PW-16 Minimum Requirements for Attachment Welds
168	Figure PW-15 Examples of Weld Strength Calculations
169	Figure PW-16.1 Some Acceptable Types of Welded Nozzles and Other Connections to Shells, Drums, and Headers
173	Figure PW-16.2 Some Acceptable Forms of Welds for Lugs, Hangers, and Brackets on Shells, Drums, and Headers
174	PW-17 Forged Flat Heads With Integral Hubbed Flange PW-19 Welded-In Stays
175	Figure PW-16.8 Some Acceptable Designs for Partial-Penetration-Weld-Type Nozzles and Other Connections Designed for 900°F (480°C) or Higher Service
177	Figure PW-17-1 Forged Flat Head With Integral Butt-Welded Hubbed Flange Figure PW-19.4(a) Some Acceptable Types of Diagonal Braces for Installation by Welding
178	Fabrication PW-26 General PW-27 Welding Processes Figure PW-19.4(b) Unacceptable Types of Diagonal Braces for Installation by Welding
179	PW-28 Welding Qualification and Weld Records
180	PW-29 Base Metal Preparation PW-31 Assembly PW-33 Alignment Tolerance, Shells and Vessels (Including Pipe or Tube Used as a Shell)
181	PW-34 Alignment, Tube and Pipe PW-35 Finished Longitudinal and Circumferential Joints PW-36 Miscellaneous Welding Requirements Table PW-33 Alignment Tolerance of Sections to Be Butt Welded
182	PW-38 Preheating and Interpass Temperatures Table PW-38-1 Recommended Preheat Temperatures for Welding of Pressure Parts and Attachments
184	PW-39 Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment
185	Table PW-39-1 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 1
186	Table PW-39-2 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 3
187	Table PW-39-3 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 4
188	Table PW-39-4 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments—P-No. 5A and P-No. 5B
189	Table PW-39-5 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 15E
190	Table PW-39-6 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 6 Table PW-39-7 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 7
191	Table PW-39-8 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 8 Table PW-39-9 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 10H Table PW-39-10 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 10I
192	Table PW-39-11 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 31 Table PW-39-12 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 43 Table PW-39-13 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 45
193	Table PW-39-14 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment of Pressure Parts and Attachments — P-No. 51 Table PW-39.1 Alternate Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
194	Table PW-39.2 Mandatory Requirements for Postweld Heat Treatment Temperature Ranges for Welds Between P-No. 1, 3, 4, 5A, 5B Group 1, 6, 7, 8, and 15E Group 1
196	PW-40 Repair of Defects
198	PW-41 Circumferential Joints in Pipes, Tubes, and Headers
199	PW-42 Joints in Valves and Other Boiler Appurtenances PW-44 Fabrication Rules for Bimetallic Tubes When the Clad Strength Is Included
201	Inspection and Tests PW-46 General PW-47 Check of Welding Procedure PW-48 Check of Welder and Welding Operator Performance Qualifications
202	PW-49 Check of Heat Treatment Practice PW-50 Qualification of Nondestructive Examination Personnel PW-51 Radiographic Examination PW-52 Ultrasonic Examination
203	PW-53 Test Plates
204	Figure PW-53.1 Test Specimens From Longitudinal Welded Test Plates
205	Figure PW-53.2 Method of Forming Longitudinal Test Plates
206	Figure PW-53.3(a) Details of Tension Test Specimens
207	Figure PW-53.3(b) Details of Bend Test Specimens
208	PW-54 Hydrostatic Test
210	Part PR Requirements for Boilers Fabricated by Riveting General PR-1 Scope PR-2 Responsibility Materials PR-3 General Design PR-4 General PR-5 Strength of Plates PR-6 Strength of Rivets PR-7 Crushing/Compressive Strength of Plates
211	PR-8 Joint Efficiency and the Thickness of Shells and Drums PR-9 Thickness of Buttstraps PR-10 Longitudinal Joints PR-11 Circumferential Joints PR-12 Transverse Pitch (Back Pitch) of Rows of Rivets Table PR-9-1 Minimum Thickness of Buttstraps
212	PR-13 Preparation of Plate Edges for Calking PR-14 Edge Distance PR-15 Riveted Connections Figure PR-13-1 Typical Plate Edge Beveled for Sealing by Calking in a Riveted Joint Table PR-15.3-1 Allowable Stress on Rivets in Tension
213	PR-16 Reinforcement of Openings PR-17 Reinforcing Shells of Watertube Boilers Figure PR-15.4-1 Location of Seams in Inside and Outside Calking Boundaries Figure PR-17.2-1 Boundary of Reinforcing Plate on Outside and Inside of Drum
214	Fabrication PR-18 General PR-19 Welded Connections in Riveted Boilers PR-20 Buttstraps PR-21 Rivet Holes Figure PR-20.2-1 Allowable Welding of Plate Edges at Ends of Buttstraps
215	PR-22 Assembly of Joints PR-23 Riveting PR-24 Joint Tightness Inspection, Tests, and Data Reports PR-25 General PR-26 Hammer Test PR-27 Hydrostatic Test PR-28 Data Reports
217	Part PB Requirements for Boilers Fabricated by Brazing General PB-1 General
218	Materials PB-5 General PB-6 Brazing Filler Metals PB-7 Fluxes and Atmospheres Design PB-8 General PB-9 Strength of Brazed Joints PB-10 Brazed Joint Efficiency PB-14 Application of Brazing Filler Metal Table PB-1 Maximum Design Temperatures for Brazing Filler Metal
219	PB-15 Permissible Types of Joints PB-16 Joint Clearance PB-17 Joint Brazing Procedure PB-18 Openings Figure PB-15 Some Acceptable Types of Brazed Joints
220	PB-19 Brazed Connections Fabrication PB-26 General PB-28 Qualification of Brazing Procedure PB-29 Qualification of Brazers and Brazing Operators Table PB-16 Recommended Joint Clearance at Brazing Temperature
221	PB-30 Cleaning of Surfaces to Be Brazed PB-31 Clearance Between Surfaces to Be Brazed PB-32 Postbrazing Operations PB-33 Repair of Defective Brazing Inspection and Tests PB-46 General PB-47 Check of Brazing Procedure PB-48 Brazer and Brazing Operator PB-49 Visual Examination
222	PB-50 Exemptions Marking and Reports PB-51 General
223	Part PL Requirements for Locomotive Boilers Introduction PL-1 General PL-2 Scope PL-3 Testing and Stamping Materials PL-5 General
224	Figure PL-2.2-1 Steam Locomotive Boiler With Dome Throttle
225	Figure PL-2.2-2 Steam Locomotive Boiler With Front-End Throttle
226	PL-6 In the Course of Preparation PL-7 Allowable Stress Values for Materials Design PL-17 General PL-18 Cylindrical Boiler Shell PL-20 Reinforcing and Doubling Plates on Unstayed Portions of the Boiler
227	PL-21 Requirements for Domes of Locomotive Boilers Figure PL-20.4.1-1 Round Riveted Plate Figure PL-20.4.2-1 Diamond Riveted Plate
228	Figure PL-20.5-1 Manhole Frame
229	Table PL-21.3.4-1 Thickness of Riveted Reinforcing Rings for DomeOpenings
230	Figure PL-21.4.1-1 Steam Dome Top Flange
231	PL-24 Flues PL-27 Stayed Surfaces
232	Table PL-24.1-1 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure for Steel Flues for Firetube Locomotive Boilers
234	Figure PL-27.5-1 Examples of Doubler Attachment Methods
235	Figure PL-27.6.3-1 Double-Riveted Lap Seam in Stayed Area Figure PL-27.6.3-2 Double-Fillet-Welded Lap Seam in Stayed Area
236	PL-28 Mudring (Firebox Foundation Ring) Figure PL-27.7-1 Upper Corner of Firebox
237	PL-30 Staybolts Figure PL-28.2-1 Some Examples of Acceptable Mudring Construction
238	Figure PL-30.4.2-1 Fillet-Welded Staybolts Table PL-28.4-1 Radii for Firebox Mudrings
239	PL-33 Crown Bars PL-36 Braces Figure PL-33-1 Example of Crown Bar Installation Table PL-30.4.5-1 Fillet-Welded Staybolt: Examples of Nominal Dimensions Permitted ±0.02 in. (±0.5 mm)
240	Figure PL-36.2.1-1 Support Perimeters
241	Figure PL-36.5-1 Typical Forms of Diagonal Braces
242	Figure PL-36.7-1 Typical Forms of Gusset Braces
243	Figure PL-36.9-1 Tee Iron Figure PL-36.9-2 Tee-Iron Support Area
244	PL-39 Arch Tubes, Circulators, and Thermic Syphons
245	Figure PL-39.1-1 Arch Tubes
246	Figure PL-39.2.1-1 Circulators Figure PL-39.2.1-2 Circulator Attachment Section Views
247	PL-42 Gage Glasses and Water Columns Figure PL-39.3-1 Example of Thermic Syphon Installation
248	PL-43 Boiler Blowoff Systems PL-45 Feedwater Supply PL-48 Dry Pipe PL-54 Pressure Relief Valves
250	Part PA Alternative Rules for Boiler Construction PA-1 General PA-2 Code Boundaries and Interfaces PA-3 Design Specification and Design Report PA-4 Construction PA-5 Materials PA-6 Hydrostatic Test PA-7 Data Reports and Stamping
251	Part PWT Requirements for Watertube Boilers General PWT-1 General Materials PWT-5 General Design PWT-8 General PWT-9 Tubes and Pipe PWT-11 Tube Connections
252	Figure PWT-11 Examples of Acceptable Forms of Tube Attachment
253	PWT-12 Staybolting Box-Type Headers and Waterlegs PWT-13 Staying Segment of Heads PWT-14 Firing Doors PWT-15 Access and Firing Doors
254	Part PFT Requirements for Firetube Boilers General PFT-1 General Materials PFT-5 General Design PFT-8 General PFT-9 Thickness Requirements PFT-10 Shell Joints PFT-11 Attachment of Heads and Tubesheets
255	PFT-12 Tubes
256	Combustion Chambers PFT-13 Combustion Chamber Tubesheet Figure PFT-12.1 Some Acceptable Forms of Tube Attachment on Firetube Boilers
257	PFT-14 General PFT-15 Plain Circular Furnaces PFT-17 Ring-Reinforced Type Figure PFT-17.2 Acceptable Type of Ring-Reinforced Furnace
258	PFT-18 Corrugated Furnaces Figure PFT-18.1 Morison Furnace
259	PFT-19 Combined Plain Circular and Corrugated Type PFT-20 Attachment of Furnaces Figure PFT-19 Connection Between Plain and Corrugated Furnace Figure PFT-20 Welding Ogee Ring
260	PFT-21 Fireboxes and Waterlegs Figure PFT-21 Some Acceptable Methods of Forming Waterleg Joints by Welding
261	Stayed Surfaces PFT-22 General PFT-23 Working Pressure for Stayed Curved Surfaces Figure PFT-23.1 Stayed Wrapper Sheet of Locomotive-Type Boiler
262	PFT-24 Staying Horizontal Return Tube Boilers PFT-25 Staying Segments of Heads PFT-26 Area Supported by Stay
263	PFT-27 Maximum Spacing Figure PFT-25 Example of Staying of Heads Adjacent to Cylindrical Furnaces
264	PFT-28 Staybolts and Stays PFT-29 Flexible Staybolts PFT-30 Crown Bars and Girder Stays
265	Figure PFT-26.3-1 Area Supported by Stay Defined in PFT-26.3
266	Figure PFT-27.2-1 Maximum Spacing as Defined in PFT-27.2 Figure PFT-27.11-1 Pitch of Staybolts Adjacent to Upper Corners of Fireboxes
267	PFT-31 Stay Tubes PFT-32 Stresses in Diagonal Stays Figure PFT-32 Measurements for Determining Stresses in Diagonal Stays
268	Doors and Openings PFT-40 Welded Door Openings PFT-41 Openings in Wrapper Sheets PFT-42 Fireside Access Openings PFT-43 Requirements for Inspection Openings PFT-44 Opening Between Boiler and Pressure Relief Valve Domes PFT-45 Requirements for Domes
269	Setting PFT-46 Method of Support Figure PFT-46.1 Spacing and Weld Details for Wall-Support Lugs Set in Pairs on Horizontal-Return Tubular Boilers
270	Piping, Fittings, and Appliances PFT-47 Water Level Indicators PFT-48 Feed Piping PFT-49 Blowoff Piping Figure PFT-46.2 Welded Bracket Connection for Horizontal-Return Tubular Boilers
271	Part PFH Optional Requirements for Feedwater Heater (When Located Within Scope of Section I Rules) PFH-1
272	Part PMB Requirements for Miniature Boilers General PMB-1 General PMB-2 Scope Materials PMB-5 General Design PMB-8 General PMB-9 Welding PMB-10 Washout Openings
273	PMB-11 Feedwater Supply PMB-12 Blowoff PMB-13 Gage Glasses PMB-14 Fixtures and Fittings PMB-15 Pressure Relief Valves PMB-16 Steam Stop Valves PMB-17 Automatic Devices PMB-21 Hydrostatic Tests and Inspection
275	Part PEB Requirements for Electric Boilers General PEB-1 General PEB-2 Scope PEB-3 Optional Requirements for the Boiler Pressure Vessel Materials PEB-5 General
276	Design PEB-8 General PEB-9 Welding PEB-10 Inspection Openings PEB-11 Feedwater Supply PEB-12 Bottom Blowoff PEB-13 Water Level Indicators
277	PEB-14 Pressure Gages PEB-15 Pressure Relief Valves PEB-16 Automatic Devices PEB-17 Hydrostatic Test PEB-18 Inspection and Stamping of Boilers
278	PEB-19 Manufacturer’s Data Report for Electric Boilers
279	Part PVG Requirements for Organic Fluid Vaporizers General PVG-1 General Materials PVG-5 General Design PVG-8 General PVG-9 General Requirements PVG-10 Gage Glasses PVG-11 Drain Valves PVG-12 Pressure Relief Valves
280	Figure PVG-12 Constant, C, for Vapor Related to Ratio of Specific Heats (k = cp/cv)
281	Part PFE Requirements for Feedwater Economizers PFE-1 General PFE-2 Design PFE-3 Pressure Relief PFE-4 Materials
282	Part PTFH Requirements for Liquid Phase Thermal Fluid Heaters General PTFH-1 General PTFH-2 Scope PTFH-3 Thermal Fluids Materials PTFH-5 General Design PTFH-8 General Requirements PTFH-9 Appurtenances and External Piping
283	PTFH-10 Provisions for Thermal Expansion of the Heat Transfer Medium PTFH-11 Instrumentation Figure PTFH-9.1-1 Liquid Phase Thermal Fluid Heater: External Piping
284	PTFH-12 Overpressure Protection
285	PTFH-13 Temperature-Limiting Controls
286	Part PHRSG Requirements for Heat Recovery Steam Generators PHRSG-1 General PHRSG-2 Scope PHRSG-3 Requirements for Superheater and Reheater Condensate Removal Connections
287	PHRSG-4 Desuperheater Drain Pots PHRSG-5 Certification Table PHRSG-4 Minimum Drain Pot Size
288	Figure PHRSG-4 Some Acceptable Desuperheater Spraywater Protection Device Arrangements
289	MANDATORY APPENDICES MANDATORY APPENDIX III CRITERIA FOR REAPPLICATION OF A CERTIFICATION MARK III-1 Introduction III-2 Conditions III-3 Rules
290	Forms FORM III-1A CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMANCE FOR REAPPLICATION OF THE CERTIFICATION MARK
292	MANDATORY APPENDIX IV LOCALTHINAREASIN CYLINDRICAL SHELLSANDIN SPHERICAL SEGMENTS OF HEADS IV-1 Scope IV-2 Cylindrical Shells
293	Figure IV-2-1 Symbols IV-3 Spherical Segments of Heads
294	Figure IV-3-1 Blend Requirements Figure IV-3-2 Figure IV-3-3
295	Figure IV-3-4 Figure IV-3-5
296	MANDATORY APPENDIX V ADDITIONAL RULES FOR BOILERS FABRICATED BY RIVETING V-1 Scope V-2 Fireboxes, Combustion Chambers, AND Furnaces
297	Figure V-2.2-1 Riveted Circumferential Joint for Circular Furnace Plates Over 5⁄8 in. (16 mm) Figure V-2.2-2 Proper Location of Staybolts Adjacent to Longitudinal Joint in Furnace Sheet V-3 Design of Stay Pins and Riveted Stay Attachments V-4 Staying of Upper Segments of Tube Heads by Steel Structural Shapes V-5 Riveted Attachments
298	Figure V-4-1 Staying of Head With Steel Angles in Tubular Boiler Table V-4-1 Sizes of Angles Required for Staying Segments of Heads
299	Figure V-5-1 Method of Riveting Manhole Frames to Shells or Drums With Two Rows of Rivets V-6 Domes
300	MANDATORY APPENDIX VI ESTABLISHING GOVERNING CODE EDITIONS, ADDENDA, AND CASES FOR BOILERS AND REPLACEMENT PARTS VI-1 General VI-2 Design VI-3 Materials VI-4 Fabrication VI-5 Examination VI-6 Inspection
301	VI-7 Testing VI-8 Overpressure Protection VI-9 Field Assembly VI-10 Certification
302	MANDATORY APPENDIX VII ALTERNATE METHODS FOR APPLYING THE ASME CERTIFICATION MARK VII-1 Requirements for Alternate Methods
303	MANDATORY APPENDIX VIII LOCAL HEATING OF WELDS IN CYLINDRICAL COMPONENTS OF P-NO. 15E MATERIALS WHEN USING ELECTRIC RESISTANCE HEATING VIII-1 Scope VIII-2 General VIII-3 Terminology for Local Heating
304	Figure VIII-3-1 Definitions of Terms for Local Circumferential Band Heating of Cylindrical Component Welds VIII-4 Local Circumferential Band Heating
305	Figure VIII-3-2 Definitions of Terms for Local Circumferential Band With Branch Connection Attachment Weld to Cylindrical Component
306	VIII-5 Measurement of Temperature VIII-6 Design of the Heating Process
307	Table VIII-6.3.2-1 Control Zones
308	Figure VIII-6.3.4-1 Location of Thermocouples (Monitoring and Control) for Pipe Sizes Up to 6 NPS (150 DN) and One Control Zone
309	Figure VIII-6.3.4-2 Location of Thermocouples (Monitoring and Control) for Pipe Sizes 8 NPS Through 12 NPS (200 DN Through 300 DN) and Two Control Zones
310	Figure VIII-6.3.4-3 Location of Thermocouples (Monitoring and Control) for Pipe Sizes 14 NPS Through 30 NPS (350 DN Through 750 DN) and Four Control Zones
311	Figure VIII-6.3.4-4 Location of Monitoring Thermocouples for Branch Nozzle or Attachment
312	VIII-7 The Thermal Cycle, PWHT
313	Figure VIII-6.4.5-1 Example of One Approach When the Heated Band from Weld Requiring PWHT Intersects Weld Not Requiring PWHT
314	VIII-8 Insulation VIII-9 Quality Assurance System
315	VIII-10 Other Considerations
316	FORM VIII-9.2-1 STANDARD PROCEDURE FOR LOCAL HEATING
318	FORM VIII-9.3-1 STANDARD DOCUMENTATION CHECKLIST FOR LOCAL HEATING
319	Figure A-2-1 Single-Riveted Lap Joint, Longitudinal orCircumferential NONMANDATORY APPENDICES NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A EXPLANATION OF THE CODE CONTAINING MATTER NOT MANDATORY UNLESS SPECIFICALLY REFERRED TO IN THE RULES OF THE CODE Efficiency of Joints
320	Figure A-3-1 Double-Riveted Lap Joint, Longitudinal orCircumferential Figure A-4-1 Double-Riveted Buttstrap and Double-Strap Joint
321	Figure A-5-1 Triple-Riveted Buttstrap and Double-Strap Joint Braced and Stayed Surfaces
322	Figure A-6-1 Quadruple-Riveted Buttstrap and Double-Strap Joint Method of Checking Pressure Relief Valve Capacity by Measuring Maximum Amount of Fuel That Can Be Burned
323	Figure A-6-2 Joints That May Be Used to Avoid Eccentric Stresses Automatic Gage Glasses
324	Figure A-8 Detail Illustrations Showing Application of PG-48 and PFT-27 to the Staying of Boilers
328	Figure A-19 Typical Forms of Fusible Plugs Fusible Plugs
329	Proof Tests to Establish Maximum Allowable Working Pressure
333	Table A-44 Guide for Estimating Steaming Capacity Based on Heating Surface Suggested Rules Covering Existing Installations Pressure Relief Valves for Power Boilers
334	Examples of Methods of Computation of Openings in Vessel Shells
335	Figure A-66 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations
337	Figure A-67 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations
338	Figure A-68 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations
340	Figure A-69 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations
344	Figure A-70.1 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations
346	Figure A-70.2 Example for Typical Nozzle Computations
348	Figure A-71 Structural Attachment With Radial Load Figure A-72 Structural Attachment With Eccentric Load Examples of Computation of Allowable Loading on Structural Attachments to Tubes
349	Figure A-73 Structural Attachment With Moment Load Figure A-74 Structural Attachment on Tube Bend
350	Figure A-75-1 Example of Nozzle Attached by Riveting Computations of Typical Nozzle Fittings Attached by Rivets
353	Preheating Rounded Indication Charts
354	Table A-250.3.2 Maximum Permissible Size of Rounded Indication Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination (MT)
355	Figure A-250.3.4-1 Aligned Rounded Indications
356	Figure A-250.3.4-2 Groups of Aligned Rounded Indications
357	Figure A-250.3.6-1 Charts for t 1⁄8 in. (3 mm) to 1⁄4 in. (6 mm), Inclusive Figure A-250.3.6-2 Charts for t Over 1⁄4 in. (6 mm) to 3⁄8 in. (10 mm), Inclusive
358	Figure A-250.3.6-3 Charts for t Over 3⁄8 in. (10 mm) to 3⁄4 in. (19 mm), Inclusive Figure A-250.3.6-4 Charts for t Over 3⁄4 in. (19 mm) to 2 in. (50 mm), Inclusive
359	Figure A-250.3.6-5 Charts for t Over 2 in. (50 mm) to 4 in. (100 mm), Inclusive
360	Figure A-250.3.6-6 Charts for t Over 4 in. (100 mm)
361	Methods for Liquid Penetrant Examination (PT) Quality Control System
365	Data Report Forms and Guides
366	FORM P-2 MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR ALL TYPES OF BOILERS EXCEPT WATERTUBE AND ELECTRIC
368	Table A-351 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Data Report, Form P-2
370	FORM P-2A MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR ALL TYPES OF ELECTRIC BOILERS
373	Table A-351.1 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Data Report, Form P-2A
375	FORM P-2B MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR ELECTRIC SUPERHEATERS AND REHEATERS
377	Table A-351.2 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Data Report, Form P-2B
379	FORM P-3 MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR WATERTUBE BOILERS, SUPERHEATERS, WATERWALLS, AND ECONOMIZERS
382	Table A-352 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Data Report, Form P-3
384	FORM P-3A ENGINEERING-CONTRACTOR DATA REPORT FOR A COMPLETE BOILER UNIT
386	Table A-353 Guide for Completing Engineering-Contractor Data Report for a Complete Boiler Unit, Form P-3A
387	FORM P-4 MANUFACTURER’S PARTIAL DATA REPORT
389	Table A-354 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Partial Data Report, Form P-4
390	FORM P-4A MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR FABRICATED PIPING
392	Table A-354.1 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Data Report, Form P-4A
393	FORM P-4B MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR FIELD INSTALLED MECHANICALLY ASSEMBLED PIPING
394	Table A-354.2 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Data Report, Form P-4B
395	FORM P-5 SUMMARY DATA REPORT FOR PROCESS STEAM GENERATORS
396	Table A-355 Guide for Completing Summary Data Report for Process Steam Generators, Form P-5
397	FORM P-6 MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT SUPPLEMENTARY SHEET
398	FORM P-7 MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES
400	Table A-356 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Data Report for Pressure Relief Valves, Form P-7
401	Table A-357 Guide to Data Report Forms Distribution
402	FORM P-8 MANUFACTURER’S OR ASSEMBLER’S CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMANCE FOR PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES
403	Table A-358 Guide for the Preparation of Manufacturer’s or Assembler’s Certificate of Conformance, Form P-8
404	FORM PL-1 MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS
408	Table A-359 Guide for Completing Manufacturer’s Data Report for Locomotive Boilers, Form PL-1
409	Codes, Standards, and Specifications Referenced in Text Sample Calculations for External Pressure Design
410	Table A-360 Codes, Standards, and Specifications Referenced in Text
415	Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
418	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION PRACTICE B-1 Introduction B-2 Definitions B-3 Scope B-4 Basis
419	Table B-1 Identification Elements B-5 Materials B-6 Written Practice B-7 Method
420	B-8 Acceptance Criteria B-9 Sampling Plan B-10 Documentation
421	B-11 Identification
422	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C LOCAL HEATING OF WELDS IN CYLINDRICAL COMPONENTS OF P-NO. 15E MATERIALS WHEN USING ELECTRIC RESISTANCE HEATING
423	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR CORROSION, EROSION, AND STEAM OXIDATION OF BOILER TUBES D-1 Introduction D-2 Corrosion — Fireside of Waterwall Boiler Tubes
425	D-3 Ash-Particle Impact Erosion
427	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX E ALTERNATIVE METHOD FOR ULTRASONIC EXAMINATION E-1 Introduction E-2 Examination Volume E-3 Demonstration Standard E-4 Procedure Qualification E-5 Initial Examination E-6 Personnel Qualification
428	Table E-3-1 Flaw Acceptance Criteria for 1⁄2 in. (13 mm) to Less than 1 in. (25 mm) Thick Weld Table E-3-2 Flaw Acceptance Criteria for 1 in. (25 mm) to 12 in. (300 mm) Thick Weld Table E-3-3 Flaw Acceptance Criteria for Larger Than 12 in. (300 mm) Thick Weld E-7 Flaw Sizing
429	Figure E-7-1 Single Indications
430	Figure E-7-2 Multiple Planar Flaws Oriented in Plane Normal to Pressure-Retaining Surface
431	Figure E-7-3 Surface and Subsurface Flaws
432	Figure E-7-4 Nonaligned Coplanar Flaws in Plane Normal to Pressure-Retaining Surface (Illustrative Flaw Configurations)
433	Figure E-7-5 Multiple Aligned Planar Flaws
434	E-8 Flaw Evaluation and Acceptance Criteria
435	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR DISSIMILAR METAL WELDS BETWEEN CSEF AND AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEELS F-1 Introduction F-2 Best Practice Guidelines for Design and Fabrication
436	Figure F-2.2-1 Difference in Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion for Grade 91 and Common Nickel-Base Filler Metals F-3 Fabrication
437	F-4 Alternative Weld Geometries for DMWs F-5 Welding Technique
438	Figure F-4-1Examples of Improved Performance DMW Joint Designs F-6 Postweld Heat Treatment F-7 Postweld Surface Profiling F-8 Tube-to-Tube Butt Welds F-9 Thick-Section Welds F-10 Attachments to Piping and Headers
439	F-11 Attachments to Tubing F-12 Thermowells F-13 Steam Flow Elements F-14 Drain Lines F-15 Postconstruction and Monitoring
441	Table G-1-1Cross-Reference List NONMANDATORY APPENDIX G GUIDE TO THE RELOCATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CAPACITY CERTIFICATION OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES G-1 General
442	ENDNOTES