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ASME BPVC VII 2021

ASME BPVC VII 2021

$377.00

ASME BPVC – VII -2021 BPVC Section VII, Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
ASME 2021 210
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The purpose of these recommended guidelines is to promote safety in the use of power boilers. The term “power boiler” in this Section includes stationary, portable, and traction type boilers, but does not include locomotive and high temperature water boilers, nuclear power plant boilers, heating boilers, pressure vessels, or marine boilers. This Section provides such guidelines to assist those directly responsible for operating, maintaining, and inspecting power boilers. Emphasis has been placed on industrial type boilers because of their extensive use. Guidelines are also provided for operation of auxiliary equipment and appliances that affect the safe and reliable operation of power boilers. Careful application of this Section will help users to comply with applicable regulations within their jurisdictions, while achieving the operational, cost and safety benefits to be gained from the many industry best-practices detailed within these volumes. All changes to this 2013 Edition are incorporated into the appropriate page and each affected area is identified with a designator. Each Section includes a Summary of Changes that lists the material affected by the change, plus the nature of the change. There will no longer be Addenda service for this 2013 Edition or for future Editions. Intended for manufacturers, users, constructors, designers and others concerned with the design, fabrication, assembly, erection, examination, inspection and testing of pressure vessels, plus all potential governing entities.

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PDF Pages PDF Title
5 TABLE OF CONTENTS
10 LIST OF SECTIONS
11 INTERPRETATIONS
CODE CASES
12 FOREWORD
14 STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF THE ASME SINGLE CERTIFICATION MARK AND CODE AUTHORIZATION IN ADVERTISING
STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF ASME MARKING TO IDENTIFY MANUFACTURED ITEMS
15 SUBMITTAL OF TECHNICAL INQUIRIES TO THE BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL STANDARDS COMMITTEES
18 PERSONNEL
39 ORGANIZATION OF SECTION VII
41 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
42 LIST OF CHANGES IN RECORD NUMBER ORDER
43 CROSS-REFERENCING AND STYLISTIC CHANGES IN THE BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL CODE
45 Subsection 1 Watertube Drum-Type Industrial Steam Boilers
ARTICLE 100 FUNDAMENTALS OF WATERTUBE BOILERS
100.1 STEAM GENERATION
100.2 WATERTUBE BOILERS
100.2.1 Watertube Boilers.
100.2.2 Shop-Assembled (Package) Boilers.
100.2.3 Field-Assembled Boilers.
100.3 STEAM DRUMS
46 Figures
Figure 100.2.1-1 Watertube Boiler
Figure 100.2.2-1 Package Boiler
47 Figure 100.3-1 Simple Steam Drum
48 100.4 ECONOMIZERS
Figure 100.3-2 Steam Drum With Internals — Baffle Type
49 Figure 100.3-3 Steam Drum With Internals — Cyclone Separator Type
50 100.5 SUPERHEATERS
100.6 COMBUSTION
Figure 100.4-1 Typical Economizer
51 100.7 BOILER EFFICIENCY AND AIR EMISSIONS
52 ARTICLE 101 BOILER OPERATION
101.1 GENERAL GUIDELINES
101.1.1 Personnel Training.
101.1.2 Preventing Explosions.
53 101.1.3 Maintaining Proper Water Level.
101.1.4 Maintaining Proper Furnace Pressure.
101.1.5 Maintaining Clearance for Expansion.
101.1.6 Reference Sources.
54 101.2 PREPARING FOR OPERATION
101.2.1 Inspection.
101.2.2 Chemical Cleaning.
101.2.3 Safety Checklist for Boiler Examination.
101.2.4 Water-Side Checklist.
55 101.2.5 Fire-Side Checklist.
101.2.6 External Checklist.
56 101.2.7 Pressure Testing.
57 101.3 STARTING UP
101.3.1 General.
101.3.2 Establish Water Level.
101.3.3 Light-Off.
58 101.3.4 Going Online.
101.4 ONLINE OPERATION
101.4.1 Operating Data.
101.4.2 Water-Side Operations.
61 101.4.3 Pressure Relief Valves.
101.4.4 Leaks.
101.4.5 Soot Blowing.
62 101.5 OUT-OF-SERVICE OPERATION
101.5.1 General.
101.5.2 Shutdown.
101.5.3 Draining.
101.5.4 Isolation and Preparation.
63 101.5.5 Waterside Cleaning.
101.5.6 Fireside Cleaning.
Figure 101.5.4-1 Typical Valve Lineup Prior to Out-of-Service Operation
64 101.5.7 Storage.
65 ARTICLE 102 BOILER AUXILIARIES
102.1 PREPARATION OF AUXILIARIES FOR SERVICE
102.2 FUEL-BURNING EQUIPMENT
102.2.1 General.
102.2.2 Preparation for Operation.
102.2.3 Ignitors.
66 102.2.4 Gas Systems.
Figure 102.2.3-1 Simplified Pilot Gas Piping Arrangement
67 102.2.5 Oil Systems.
68 Figure 102.2.5.2-1 Simplified Fuel Oil Train — Single Burner With Oil Heating
69 Figure 102.2.5.2-2 Simplified Light Fuel Oil Train — Multiple Burner
70 102.2.6 Response to Tube Failure.
102.3 AIR HEATERS
102.3.1 Preparation for Placing in Service.
71 Figure 102.3.1-1 Typical Tubular Air Heater
72 102.3.2 Placing in Service.
102.3.3 Normal Operation.
Figure 102.3.1-2 Typical Regenerative Air Heater
73 102.3.4 Emergency Operation Due to Fire.
102.4 BOILER FEED PUMPS
102.4.1 Preparation for Service.
Figure 102.3.1-3 Details of Regenerative Air Heater, Bisector Type
74 102.4.2 Placing in Service.
102.4.3 Normal Operation.
102.5 AUXILIARY DRIVES
102.5.1 Motor Start-Up and Operation Checks.
75 Figure 102.4.2-1 Typical Centrifugal Boiler Feed Pump, Water Connections
76 Figure 102.5-1 Typical Motor Drive
Figure 102.5-2 Typical Single-Stage Turbine Drive
77 Figure 102.5-3 Typical Turbine Drive Arrangement
78 102.5.2 Mechanical Drive Turbine Start-Up and Operation Checks.
Figure 102.6.1-1 Airfoil Blade Centrifugal Fan With Inlet Vane Control
79 102.6 Draft Fans
102.6.1 Preparation for Service.
102.6.2 Placing in Service.
102.6.3 Normal Operation.
102.6.4 Emergency Operation.
102.7 Dampers
80 Figure 102.7-1 Typical Outlet Fan Dampers (Multilouver)
81 ARTICLE 103 APPURTENANCES
103.1 BOILER PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES
103.1.1 General.
103.1.2 Pressure Relief Valve Maintenance.
82 103.1.3 Pressure Relief Valve Testing.
83 Figure 103.1.2.9-1 Typical Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve
84 Figure 103.1.2.9-2 Recommended Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve Installation
86 Figure 103.1.3-1 Application of Test Gag
87 Figure 103.1.3-2 Hydraulic Lift Assist Device
88 103.2 PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES FOR ECONOMIZERS AND AUXILIARIES
103.2.1 General.
103.2.2 Examination and Maintenance.
89 103.2.3 Repair and Testing.
103.2.4 Organic Fluid Vaporizers.
103.3 TRANSPORTATION AND INSTALLATION OF PRESSURE RELIEF VALVES
90 103.4 WATER COLUMNS, GAGE GLASSES, AND LEVEL TRANSMITTERS
103.4.1 Proper Blowdown Procedure.
Figure 103.4-1 Typical Installation of a Boiler Water-Level Gage
91 Figure 103.4.1-1 Gage Glass and Water Column Blowdown Procedure
92 103.4.2 Proper Valve Types.
103.4.3 Proper and Complete Heat Insulation.
103.4.4 Leakage Correction.
103.5 BOILER BLOWDOWN
Figure 103.4.2-1 Y‐Type Globe Valve
93 103.6 PRESSURE GAGES
103.7 FEEDWATER REGULATOR VALVE
94 103.8 SOOT BLOWERS
103.9 FUSIBLE PLUGS
96 ARTICLE 104 INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROLS, AND INTERLOCKS
104.1 GENERAL
104.2 INDICATORS AND RECORDERS
104.2.1 Indicating Devices.
104.2.2 Recording Devices.
97 104.2.3 Preparation for and Placing in Service.
104.2.4 Checking and Testing.
104.3 WATER-LEVEL INDICATION
104.4 CONTROLS AND INTERLOCKS
104.4.1 Controls.
98 104.4.2 Interlocks.
104.4.3 Safety Controls.
99 104.4.4 Preparation for and Placing in Service.
104.4.5 Checking and Testing.
100 ARTICLE 105 EXAMINATIONS
105.1 SCOPE
105.2 INSPECTION AND EXAMINATION FREQUENCY
101 105.3 PREPARATION FOR INSPECTION OR EXAMINATION
105.3.1 General.
105.3.2 External Surfaces and Parts.
105.4 EXAMINATION OF INTERNAL SURFACES OF BOILERS AND APPURTENANCES
105.4.1 All Boilers.
102 Figure 105.4.1.2-1 Typical Forms of Fusible Plugs
103 105.4.2 Watertube Boilers.
105.5 EXAMINATION OF EXTERNAL SURFACES OF BOILERS, APPURTENANCES, AND AUXILIARIES
105.5.1 General.
104 105.5.2 Piping.
105.5.3 Pressure Relief Valves.
105.5.4 Other Boiler-Related Items.
105.6 CARE AND MAINTENANCE
105.6.1 Housekeeping.
105.6.2 Certificates and Licenses.
105.6.3 Record Keeping and Logs.
105 105.7 REPAIRS
105.8 PRESSURE TESTS
105.9 GENERAL LISTING OF EXAMINATIONS
105.9.1 All Examinations.
106 105.9.2 Internal Examinations.
105.10 INSPECTOR
105.11 POM OUTAGE EXAMINATIONS AND OPERATIONAL WALKDOWNS
107 ARTICLE 106 REPAIRS, ALTERATIONS, AND MAINTENANCE
106.1 REPAIRS AND ALTERATIONS
106.2 MAINTENANCE
106.2.1 General.
106.2.2 Information to Assist in Maintenance.
106.2.3 Maintenance Checks.
108 106.2.4 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance.
106.3 BOILER MAINTENANCE PROGRAMS
106.3.1 Examination and Overhaul Procedures.
106.3.2 Maintenance and Overhaul Scheduling.
106.3.3 Equipment Histories and Spare Parts Inventories.
106.3.4 Personnel Training.
106.3.5 Equipment Improvement.
109 106.4 MAINTENANCE CHECKS FOR STEAM BOILERS
106.4.1 Watertube Boilers.
113 106.5 CHECKLISTS TO ASSIST IN MAINTENANCE
114 Subsection 2 Pertaining to All Steam Boilers
ARTICLE 200 PROTECTING HEAT TRANSFER SURFACES
200.1 GENERAL
200.2 INTERNAL CLEANING OF BOILERS
115 200.3 LAYING UP OF BOILERS
200.3.1 Water Side.
200.3.2 Dry Storage.
200.3.3 Wet Storage.
116 200.3.4 Fire Side.
Figure 200.4.1-1 Scale Causing Overheating and Tube Failure
117 200.4 DEPOSITS
200.4.1 Scale.
Figure 200.4.1-2 Deposit Effect on Boiler Tube Versus Tube Temperature
118 200.4.2 Sludge.
200.4.3 Internal Deposit Monitoring.
200.5 INTERNAL CORROSION
200.5.1 General.
200.5.2 Oxygen Corrosion.
200.5.3 Caustic Corrosion.
200.5.4 Chelate Corrosion.
119 Figure 200.5.2-1 Oxygen Corrosion in an Economizer Tube
120 Figure 200.5.3-1 Caustic Gouge-Type Attack on Boiler Tube
121 200.5.5 Acid Corrosion.
200.5.6 Auxiliary Equipment Corrosion.
Figure 200.5.4-1 Chelate Attack Caused by Excessive Feed of Chemical
122 Figure 200.5.6-1 CO2 Carbonic Acid Attack on Condensate Pipe
123 200.5.7 Examinations.
Figure 200.5.6-2 Oxygen Attack on Condensate Pipe
124 200.6 CORROSION CRACKING OF BOILER STEEL
125 200.7 STEAM CONTAMINATION
200.7.1 General.
Figure 200.6.6-1 H+ Damage on Boiler Tube
126 200.7.2 Control of Steam Contamination.
200.8 SAMPLING, TESTING, CONTROLLING, AND REPORTING OF ANALYSES OF WATER
200.8.1 Sampling.
127 200.8.2 Testing.
200.9 Fire-Side Conditions
200.9.1 General.
Tables
Table 200.8.1-1 Methods for Sampling of Water and Steam
Table 200.8.2-1 Methods of Analysis for the Control of Water for Boilers
128 Table 200.8.2-2 Useful Tests for the Control of Water for Boilers
129 200.9.2 Soot.
200.9.3 Slag.
200.9.4 Corrosion.
131 ARTICLE 201 PREVENTING BOILER FAILURES
201.1 GENERAL
201.2 OVERPRESSURE
201.2.1 Indicators — Steam Pressure Gages.
201.2.2 Pressure Relief Valves.
201.2.3 Relief Equipment — Fusible Plugs.
201.3 HIGH OR LOW WATER LEVEL
201.3.1 Indicators — Gage Glasses.
132 201.3.2 Indicators — Automatic High- and Low-Water-Level Alarms.
201.3.3 Automatic Trip.
133 201.4 WEAKENING OF STRUCTURE
201.4.1 Boiler Start-Up.
134 201.4.2 Control of Water Level.
201.4.3 Erosion.
201.4.4 Internal Corrosion.
201.4.5 External Corrosion.
135 201.4.6 Boiler Shutdown.
201.4.7 Boiler Out of Service.
136 201.4.8 Failure of Supports.
201.4.9 Mechanical Damage.
201.5 OPERATION OF COMBUSTION EQUIPMENT
137 201.6 FURNACE EXPLOSIONS
201.7 FURNACE IMPLOSIONS
139 ARTICLE 202 DOCUMENTS, RECORDS, AND REFERENCES
202.1 CODE DOCUMENTATION
202.2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
140 202.3 RECORD DRAWINGS AND DOCUMENTATION
202.4 REFERENCES
202.4.1 Published Documents Referenced in This Code.
141 202.4.2 Other Documents Relating to Boilers.
142 Subsection 3 Other Boiler Types
ARTICLE 300 FIRETUBE BOILERS
300.1 GENERAL
300.2 OUT-OF-SERVICE OPERATION
300.2.1 Isolation.
300.2.2 Water-Side Cleaning.
300.3 INTERNAL EXAMINATIONS
300.3.1 Stays and Braces.
143 Figure 300.3.1-1 Typical Stays
145 300.3.2 Tube Defects.
300.3.3 Ligaments Between Tube Holes.
300.3.4 Manholes and Other Openings.
300.3.5 Fire Surfaces.
300.4 EXTERNAL EXAMINATION
300.5 MAINTENANCE
300.5.1 General.
300.5.2 Maintenance Checks.
146 300.5.3 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance.
300.5.4 Checklist to Assist in Maintenance.
147 ARTICLE 301 ELECTRIC STEAM BOILERS
301.1 TYPES AND FEATURES
301.2 RESISTANCE-ELEMENT ELECTRIC BOILERS
148 Figure 301.2-1 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements
149 301.2.1 Water Quality and Treatment for Resistance-Element Electric Boilers.
150 Figure 301.2-2 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Electronic Water-Level Controls
151 Figure 301.2-3 Typical Large Industrial 300-kW Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements Mounted Horizontally
152 301.2.2 General Care and Maintenance of Resistance-Element Electric Boilers.
301.3 ELECTRODE STEAM BOILERS
301.3.1 Basic Electrode Steam Boilers.
301.3.2 Commonly Used Electrode Steam Boiler Designs.
153 Figure 301.3.1-1 Electrode Steam Boiler
154 301.3.3 Jet-Spray Electrode Steam Boiler Designs.
301.3.4 Water Quality and Treatment for Electrode Steam Boilers.
155 Figure 301.3.3-1 Basic Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Mechanical Control Shield
156 301.3.5 Electrical System Requirements for Electrode Steam Boilers.
301.3.6 Maintenance Requirements for Electrode System Boilers.
157 Figure 301.3.3-2 Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Variable-Speed Pump Control
159 ARTICLE 302 UTILITY BOILERS
302.1 START-UP
302.1.1 Establish Water Level.
302.1.2 Direct Spring-Loaded Pressure Relief Valves.
160 Subsection 4 Coal-Fired and Other Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers
ARTICLE 400 STOKER-FIRED BOILERS
400.1 GENERAL
Figure 400.1-1 Typical Underfeed Stoker
161 Figure 400.1-2 Feeder–Distributor for Firing of Coal on a Spreader Stoker
Figure 400.1-3 Spreader Stoker, Continuous Ash Discharge Grate
162 400.2 PREPARATION FOR SERVICE
400.3 STOKER FIRING
400.4 SHUTTING DOWN
163 400.5 HIGH WATER LEVEL IN STOKER-FIRED BOILERS
400.6 BOILER TUBE FAILURE ON STOKER-FIRED UNITS
164 ARTICLE 401 PULVERIZED-COAL-FIRED BOILERS
401.1 GENERAL
401.2 PREPARATION FOR SERVICE
401.3 MAINTAINING PROPER FURNACE PRESSURE
401.4 PULVERIZED-COAL FIRING
165 Figure 401.2-1 Typical Bowl Mill
166 Figure 401.2-2 Typical Attrition Mill
167 Figure 401.2-3 Arrangement of Ball-Tube Mill
Figure 401.4-1 Burner for Horizontal Firing of Coal
168 401.5 SHUTTING DOWN
401.6 FIRE IN NONOPERATING PULVERIZERS
169 401.7 FIRE IN OPERATING PULVERIZERS
170 401.8 FIRE IN PULVERIZED-FUEL SYSTEMS
401.9 INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROLS, AND INTERLOCKS FOR PULVERIZED-FUEL OPERATION
401.10 CYCLONE FURNACES
171 ARTICLE 402 ASH REMOVAL
402.1 GENERAL
402.2 BOTTOM ASH — WET REMOVAL
402.3 BOTTOM ASH — DRY REMOVAL
172 402.4 FLY ASH REMOVAL
173 402.5 FIRE-SIDE CLEANING
174 ARTICLE 403 MAINTENANCE
403.1 MAINTENANCE CHECKS — STOKERS
403.1.1 Underfeed Stoker.
403.1.2 Spreader Stoker.
403.1.3 Dump Grates.
403.1.4 Traveling Grates.
175 403.2 MAINTENANCE CHECKS — PULVERIZED-COAL FIRING
403.2.1 Feeder.
403.2.2 Pulverizer.
403.2.3 Exhauster.
403.2.4 Burner.
403.3 MAINTENANCE CHECKS — ASH REMOVAL SYSTEM
176 Subsection 5 Glossary
189 Table I-100-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations
Mandatory Appendix I Standard Units for Use in Equations
190 Nonmandatory Appendix A Checklists for Maintenance Examinations
ARTICLE A-100 PROCEDURES FOR CARE AND MAINTENANCE OF PACKAGE BOILERS
A-100.1 CLEANING OF PARTS AND STRAINERS
A-100.2 CARE OF MOTORS AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
A-100.3 DRYING OF PARTS AFTER WATER IMMERSION
191 A-100.4 PERMANENT OR SEASONAL SHUTDOWN
192 ARTICLE A-101 MAINTENANCE CHECKS FOR GAS-, OIL-, AND SOLID-FUEL-FIRED WATERTUBE BOILERS
193 Forms
Form A-101-1 Watertube Boilers — Maintenance Checks
201 Form A-102-1 Watertube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance
ARTICLE A-102 OPERATING CHECKS RELATING TO MAINTENANCE FOR GAS-, OIL-, OR SOLID-FUEL-FIRED WATERTUBE BOILERS
203 Form A-103-1 Firetube Boilers — Maintenance Checks
ARTICLE A-103 MAINTENANCE CHECKS FOR FIRETUBE BOILERS
204 Form A-104-1 Firetube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance
ARTICLE A-104 OPERATING CHECKS RELATING TO MAINTENANCE FOR FIRETUBE BOILERS
205 Nonmandatory Appendix B Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
B-100 USE OF UNITS IN EQUATIONS
B-200 GUIDELINES USED TO DEVELOP SI EQUIVALENTS
209 B-300 SOFT CONVERSION FACTORS

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