ASME BPVC XII 2023

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ASME BPVC.XII-2023 Section XII, Rules for Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks

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ASME	2023	407

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Description

This Section covers requirements for construction and continued service of pressure vessels for the transportation of dangerous goods via highway, rail, air or water at pressures from full vacuum to 3,000 psig and volumes greater than 120 gallons. “Construction” is an all-inclusive term comprising materials, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, testing, certification, and over-pressure protection. “Continued service” is an all-inclusive term referring to inspection, testing, repair, alteration, and recertification of a transport tank that has been in service. This Section contains modal appendices containing requirements for vessels used in specific transport modes and service applications. Rules pertaining to the use of the T ASME Product Certification Marks are included. Careful application of this Section will help users to comply with applicable regulations within their jurisdictions, while achieving the operational, cost and safety benefits to be gained from the many industry best-practices detailed within these volumes.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
5	TABLE OF CONTENTS
20	List of Sections
21	FOREWORD
23	STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF THE ASME SINGLE CERTIFICATION MARK AND CODE AUTHORIZATION IN ADVERTISING STATEMENT OF POLICY ON THE USE OF ASME MARKING TO IDENTIFY MANUFACTURED ITEMS
24	Personnel
46	Correspondence With the Committee
48	SUMMARY OF CHANGES
49	Cross-Referencing in the ASME BPVC
51	Part TG General Requirements Article TG-1 Scope and Jurisdiction TG-100 Introduction TG-100.1 Intent TG-100.2 Applicability TG-100.3 Laws or Regulations TG-110 Scope TG-110.1 Geometric Scope of the Pressure Vessel
52	TG-110.2 Physical Scope of the Pressure Vessel TG-120 Vessel Classifications TG-120.1 Classifications Outside the Scope of This Section TG-120.2 Stamping of Vessels Within the Scope of This Section TG-120.3 Vessel Class TG-130 Documents Referenced by This Section TG-130.1 Normative References
53	TG-130.2 Informative References TG-140 Units of Measurement Tables Table TG-130 Product Standards Referenced by This Section
54	TG-150 Equations TG-160 Tolerances
55	Article TG-2 Organization of Section XII TG-200 Parts TG-210 Appendices TG-210.1 Modal Appendices TG-210.2 Mandatory Appendices TG-210.3 Nonmandatory Appendices TG-220 Articles and Paragraphs TG-220.1 Articles TG-220.2 Paragraphs and Subparagraphs TG-220.3 Tables, Charts, and Figures TG-230 References
56	TG-240 Terms and Definitions
57	Article TG-3 Responsibilities and Duties TG-300 General TG-310 Owner’s Responsibility TG-310.1 User’s Responsibilities TG-320 Manufacturer’s Responsibility
58	TG-320.1 Structural and Pressure-Retaining Integrity TG-320.2 Code Compliance TG-330 Inspector’s Duties
59	Article TG-4 General Rules for Inspection TG-400 General Requirements for Inspection and Examination TG-410 The Inspector TG-420 Access for the Inspector
60	TG-430 The Manufacturer TG-440 Continued Service
61	Part TM Material Requirements Article TM-1 Material Requirements TM-100 General TM-110 General Requirements for All Products TM-110.1 Plates TM-110.2 Forgings
62	TM-110.3 Castings TM-110.4 Pipe and Tubes TM-110.5 Welding Materials TM-110.6 Bolts and Studs TM-110.7 Nuts and Washers TM-110.8 Rods and Bars TM-110.9 Ferritic Steels With Tensile Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment TM-110.10 Prefabricated or Preformed Pressure Parts Furnished Without a Certification Mark
65	TM-120 Material Identified With or Produced to a Specification Not Permitted by This Section, and Material Not Fully Identified
66	TM-130 Material Specifications TM-130.1 Product Specification TM-130.2 Approved Material Specifications TM-130.3 Material Properties TM-140 Inspection and Marking of Materials TM-140.1 Inspection of Materials
67	Table TM-130.2-1 Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
70	Table TM-130.2-2 High Alloy Steels
77	Table TM-130.2-3 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloy Products
78	Table TM-130.2-4 Copper and Copper Alloys
79	Table TM-130.2-5 Nickel and Nickel Alloys
81	Table TM-130.2-6 Ferritic Steels With Tensile Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment
82	Table TM-130.2-7 Titanium and Titanium Alloys
84	TM-140.2 Heat Treatment Performed by Other Than Material Manufacturer TM-140.3 Marking on Materials TM-140.4 Examination of Surfaces TM-150 Additional Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels TM-150.1 Use in Welded Construction TM-150.2 Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Bolt Material TM-150.3 Nuts and Washers for Carbon Steel and Low Alloy Steel Vessels TM-150.4 Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Bars
85	TM-150.5 Structural Quality Steel TM-150.6 Heat Treatment of Test Specimens TM-160 Additional Requirements for High Alloy Steels TM-160.1 High Alloy Steel Materials TM-160.2 High Alloy Steel Bolt Material TM-160.3 Metallurgical Phenomena TM-170 Additional Requirements for Nonferrous Materials TM-170.1 Bolt Material TM-170.2 Nuts and Washers
86	TM-170.3 Metallurgical Phenomena TM-180 Additional Requirements for Ferritic Steels Enhanced by Heat Treatment TM-180.1 Heat Treatment of Test Coupons TM-180.2 Structural Attachments and Stiffening Rings to Ferritic Steels With Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment TM-190 Additional Requirements for Castings
88	Article TM-2 Notch Toughness Requirements TM-200 General Toughness Requirements for All Steel Products TM-210 General TM-210.1 Test Procedures TM-210.2 Test Specimens TM-210.3 Standard Product Forms Table TM-210.1 Impact Test Temperature Differential
89	TM-210.4 Certification of Compliance With Impact Test Requirements TM-220 Acceptance Criteria for Impact Tests of Ferrous Materials Other Than Bolting TM-220.1 Minimum Energy Requirements for Table TM-130.2-1 Materials With Specified Minimum Tensile Strength Less Than 655 MPa (95 ksi) TM-220.2 Lateral Expansion Requirements for All Other Steels TM-220.3 Impact Test Temperature Criteria Figures Figure TM-210.2 Simple Beam Impact Test Specimens (Charpy‐Type Test)
90	Figure TM-220.1 Charpy V‐Notch Impact Test Requirements for Full‐Size Specimens for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels, Having Specified Minimum Tensile Strength Less Than 95 ksi, Listed in Table TM-130.2-1
91	TM-220.4 Retest Figure TM-220.2 Illustration of Lateral Expansion in a Broken Charpy V NotchSpecimen Table TM-220.2 Minimum Lateral Expansion Requirements Table TM-220.3 Charpy Impact Test Temperature Reduction Below Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT)
92	TM-230 Impact Test Requirements for Welded Joints TM-230.1 Impact Testing of Welds TM-230.2 Location, Orientation, Temperature, and Values of Weld Impact Tests TM-230.3 Impact Tests of Welding Procedure Qualifications
93	TM-230.4 Vessel (Production) Impact Test Plates TM-230.5 Rejection TM-240 Impact Test Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels TM-240.1 For Carbon and Low Alloy Steels, Dependent on Design Temperature
94	Figure TM-240.1-1 Impact Test Exemption Curves
96	TM-240.2 Impact Tests of Welding Procedures
97	TM-240.3 For Carbon and Low Alloy Steels, Dependent on Design Stress Values Table TM-240.1 Tabular Values for Figure TM-240.1-1
98	Figure TM-240.1-2 Some Typical Tank Details Showing the Governing Thicknesses as Defined in TM-240.1
100	TM-240.4 Other Requirements and Exemptions for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
101	Figure TM-240.3-1 Reduction in Minimum Design Metal Temperature Without Impact Testing
102	Figure TM-240.3-2 Diagram of TM-240.1 Rules for Determining Lowest Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) Without Impact Testing
103	TM-250 Impact Test Requirements for High Alloy Steels
104	TM-250.1 Required Impact Testing of Base Metal, Heat-Affected Zones, and Weld Metal Figure TM-250.1 Weld Metal Delta Ferrite Content
105	TM-250.2 Required Impact Testing for Welding Procedure Qualifications TM-250.3 Required Impact Tests When Thermal Treatments Are Performed TM-250.4 Exemptions From Impact Testing for Base Metals and Heat-Affected Zones
106	TM-250.5 Exemptions From Impact Testing for Welding Procedure Qualifications TM-250.6 Pre-Use Test Requirements for Austenitic Stainless Steel Welding Consumables TM-250.7 Exemption From Impact Testing Because of Low Stress TM-250.8 Vessel (Production) Impact Tests
107	TM-260 Impact Test Requirements for Ferritic Steels with Tensile Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment TM-260.1 General TM-260.2 Impact Test Requirements TM-260.3 Welded Joints
108	TM-270 Use of Nonferrous Materials at Low Temperatures
109	Part TD Design Requirements Article TD-1 General Design Rules TD-100 General TD-100.1 Minimum Thickness of Shells and Heads TD-100.2 Mill Under-Tolerance TD-100.3 Pipe Under-Tolerance TD-100.4 Corrosion Allowance in Design Formulas TD-100.5 Flanges and Pipe Fittings TD-110 Methods of Fabrication in Combination TD-120 Materials in Combination
110	TD-130 Corrosion TD-140 Design Temperature TD-150 Design Pressures TD-160 MAWP
111	Article TD-2 Loadings and Stress Allowables TD-200 Loadings
112	TD-210 Maximum Allowable Stress Values
114	Article TD-3 Design for Internal Pressure TD-300 Thickness of Shells Under Internal Pressure TD-300.1 Nomenclature TD-300.2 Cylindrical Shells TD-300.3 Spherical Shells TD-300.4 Local Loadings TD-300.5 Equations in Terms of Outside Radius TD-310 Formed Heads and Sections, Pressure on Concave Side
115	TD-310.1 Nomenclature TD-310.2 Torispherical Heads TD-310.3 Ellipsoidal Heads Figure TD-310.1 Principal Dimensions of Typical Heads
116	TD-310.4 Hemispherical Heads TD-310.5 Crown and Knuckle Radii TD-310.6 Thickness Transition and Tapers TD-310.7 Flat Spots TD-320 Other Types of Closures TD 320.1 TD 320.2 Quick-Actuating Closures Table TD-310.2-1 Values for M
117	Table TD-310.2-2 Values for K
118	TD-320.3 Quick-Opening Closures
119	Article TD-4 Design for External Pressure TD-400 Thickness of Shells Under External Pressure TD-400.1 Nomenclature TD-400.2 Cylindrical Shells
120	TD-400.3 Spherical Shells TD-400.4 Stamping for Vacuum Service TD-400.5 Longitudinal Lap Joints Figure TD-400.1 Diagrammatic Representation of Variables for Design of Cylindrical Vessels Subjected to External Pressure
121	TD-400.6 Circumferential Joints TD-400.7 External Loadings TD-400.8 External Pressure TD-410 Stiffening Rings for Cylindrical Shells Under External Pressure TD-410.1 Required Moment of Inertia
122	TD-410.2 Stiffening Ring Arrangement TD-410.3 Internal Structures as Stiffeners and Supports TD-420 Attachment of Stiffening Rings for External Pressure
123	Figure TD-410.2-1 Various Arrangements of Stiffening Rings for Cylindrical Vessels Subjected to External Pressure
124	TD-430 Formed Heads, Pressure on Convex Side Figure TD-410.2-2 Minimum Arc of Shell Left Unsupported Because of Gap in Stiffening Ring of Cylindrical Shell Under External Pressure
125	Figure TD-420 Some Acceptable Methods of Attaching Stiffening Rings
126	TD-440 Alternative Allowable Compressive Stresses in Cylindrical Shells and Formed Heads TD-440.1 Nomenclature Table TD-430 Values of Spherical Radius Factor Ko for Ellipsoidal Head With Pressure on Convex Side
127	TD-440.2 Stress Reduction Factor TD-440.3 Design Procedures TD-440.4 Nonmandatory Examples of the TD-440 Alternative Allowable Circumferential and Longitudinal Bending Compressive Stresses in Cylindrical Shells
128	Figure TD-440.4 Bending Stress Distribution in a Typical Transport Tank
130	Article TD-5 Unstayed Flat Heads and Covers TD-500 Design of Unstayed Flat Heads and Covers
131	Figure TD-500 Some Acceptable Types of Unstayed Flat Heads and Covers
134	Article TD-6 Openings and Reinforcements TD-600 Openings in Transport Tanks TD-600.1 Shape of Openings TD-600.2 Size of Openings TD-600.3 Strength and Design of Finished Openings
135	TD-600.4 Openings Through Welded Joints TD-600.5 Openings in Noncircular Vessels TD-610 Reinforcement Required for Openings in Shells and Formed Heads TD-610.1 Nomenclature
136	TD-610.2 General TD-610.3 Design for Internal Pressure TD-610.4 Design for External Pressure Figure TD-610.3-1 Chart for Determining Value of F, as Required in TD-610.3 Table TD-610.1 Values of Spherical Radius Factor, K1
137	Figure TD-610.3-2 Nomenclature and Equations for Reinforced Openings
138	TD-610.5 Design for Both Internal and External Pressure TD-610.6 Area Replacement TD-610.7 Large Openings in Shells
139	Figure TD-610.7 Openings for Radial Nozzles in Cylindrical Shells
140	TD-610.8 Special Requirements TD-620 Flued Openings in Shells and Formed Heads TD-630 Reinforcement Required for Openings in Flat Heads and Covers Figure TD-620 Minimum Depth for Flange of Flued in Openings
141	TD-640 Limits of Reinforcement
142	Figure TD-630 Openings in Flat Heads and Covers
143	Figure TD-640 Some Representative Configurations Describing the Reinforcement Dimension, te, and the Opening Dimension, d
145	TD-650 Strength of Reinforcement TD-660 Reinforcement of Multiple Openings
146	Table TD-650 Nozzle Attachment Welds
147	Figure TD-660 Examples of Multiple Openings
148	TD-670 Methods of Attachment of Pipe and Nozzle Necks to Vessel Walls TD-680 Nozzle Neck Thickness Table TD-670 Minimum Number of Pipe Threads for Connections
149	TD-690 Inspection Openings Table TD-680 Nozzle Neck Thickness
151	Part TW Requirements for Tanks Fabricated by Welding Article TW-1 General Requirements for Tanks Fabricated by Welding TW-100 General TW-100.1 Service Restrictions TW-120 Materials TW-120.1 General
152	TW-130 Design of Welded Joints TW-130.1 General TW-130.2 Design of Welded Joints TW-130.3 Welded Joint Categories Figure TW-100.1 Fabricated Lap Joint Stub Ends for Fluids With United Nations Hazard Classifications Defined in TW-100.1(a)
153	Figure TW-130.2 Butt Welding of Plates of Unequal Thickness Figure TW-130.3 Illustration of Welded Joint Locations Typical of Categories A, B, C, and D
154	TW-130.4 Joint Efficiencies TW-130.5 Attachment Details
155	Table TW-130.4 Maximum Allowable Joint Efficiencies for Arc‐ and Gas‐Welded Joints
158	Figure TW-130.5-1 Heads Attached to Shells (See Table TW-130.4 for Limitations)
161	Figure TW-130.5-2 Attachment of Pressure Parts to Flat Plates to Form a Corner Joint
162	TW-130.6 Fillet Welds TW-130.7 Nozzles in Tanks Constructed of Ferritic Steels With Tensile Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment Figure TW-130.5-3 Nozzle Necks Attached to Piping of Lesser Wall Thickness
163	Figure TW-130.7-1 Acceptable Welded Nozzle Attachment Readily Radiographed to Code Standards
164	Figure TW-130.7-2 Acceptable Full Penetration Welded Nozzle Attachments Radiographable With Difficulty and Generally Requiring Special Techniques Including Multiple Exposures to Take Care of Thickness Variations
165	TW-140 Welded Connections TW-140.1 Openings in or Adjacent to Welds TW-140.2 Minimum Requirements for Attachment Welds at Openings
166	Figure TW-140.2-1 Some Acceptable Types of Welded Nozzles and Other Connections to Shells, Heads, Etc.
172	Figure TW-140.2-2 Some Acceptable Types of Small Fittings [See TW-140.2(f)(3) for Limitations]
174	Part TF Fabrication Requirements Article TF-1 General Requirements for Fabrication TF-100 General TF-110 Materials TF-110.1 Cutting Plate and Other Stock TF-110.2 Material Identification TF-110.3 Repair of Defects in Materials
175	TF-120 Forming and Fabrication TF-120.1 Forming of Shell Sections and Heads TF-120.2 Permissible Out-of-Roundness of Cylindrical and Spherical Shells Figure TF-120.2-1 Example of Differences Between Maximum and Minimum Inside Diameters in Cylindrical, Conical, and Spherical Shells
176	Figure TF-120.2-2 Maximum Permissible Deviation From a Circular Form, e, for Vessels Under External Pressure
177	TF-120.3 Tolerance for Formed Heads TF-120.4 Lugs, Fittings, and Other Attachments TF-120.5 Inspection During Fabrication
178	Article TF-2 Requirements for Welding Fabrication TF-200 General Requirements for All Welds TF-210 Welding Qualifications, Records, and Identifying Stamps TF-210.1 Welders Not in the Employ of the Manufacturer
179	TF-210.2 Qualification of Welding Procedure TF-210.3 Tests of Welders and Welding Operators TF-210.4 Use of Standard Welding Procedure
180	TF-220 Requirements for Production Welding TF-220.1 Cutting, Fitting, and Alignment TF-220.2 Cleaning of Surfaces to Be Welded TF-220.3 Alignment Tolerance TF-220.4 Finished Longitudinal and Circumferential Joints Table TF-220.3 Maximum Offset Values
181	TF-220.5 Fillet Welds TF-220.6 Miscellaneous Welding Requirements TF-220.7 Identification Markings or Records for Welders and Welding Operators Table TF-220.4 Thickness of Weld Reinforcement
182	TF-220.8 Precautions to Be Taken Before Welding TF-220.9 Repair of Weld Defects TF-220.10 Surface Weld Metal Buildup TF-220.11 Spin-Holes
183	Article TF-3 Requirements for Vessels Constructed of Carbon and Low Alloy Steels TF-300 General TF-310 Fabrication TF-310.1 Forming Shell Sections, Heads, and Other Pressure Boundary Parts TF-310.2 Heat Treatment of Test Specimens
184	TF-320 Welded Joints TF-320.1 Low Temperature Service
185	Article TF-4 Requirements for Vessels Constructed of High Alloy Steel TF-400 General TF-400.1 Uses TF-400.2 Conditions of Service TF-410 Fabrication TF-410.1 Weld Metal Composition TF-410.2 Welded Joints TF-410.3 Welding Procedure Qualification and Performance Qualification TF-410.4 Forming Shell Sections and Heads
187	Article TF-5 Requirements for Vessels Constructed of Nonferrous Materials TF-500 General TF-500.1 Uses TF-500.2 Conditions of Service TF-510 Fabrication TF-510.1 Forming of Shell Sections and Heads TF-510.2 Cutting
188	Article TF-6 Requirements for Vessels Constructed of Ferritic Steels That Are Heat Treated to Enhance Tensile Properties TF-600 General TF-610 Fabrication TF-610.1 Forming Shell Sections and Heads TF-610.2 Heat Treatment TF-610.3 Heat Treatment Verification Tests
189	TF-610.4 Welded Joints TF-610.5 Welding
190	TF-610.6 Methods of Metal Removal TF-610.7 Weld Finish TF-610.8 Structural and Temporary Welds TF-610.9 Marking on Plates and Other Materials
191	TF-610.10 Joint Alignment
192	Article TF-7 Postweld Heat Treatment of Weldments TF-700 Procedures for Postweld Heat Treatment
193	TF-710 Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
194	Table TF-710-1(a) Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 1 Table TF-710-1(b) Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 3
195	Table TF-710-1(c) Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 9A
196	Table TF-710-1(d) Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 9B Table TF-710-1(e) Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 10A
197	Table TF-710-1(f) Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 10B Table TF-710-1(g) Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 10C Table TF-710-1(h) Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels — P-No. 10F
198	Table TF-710-2 Alternative Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
199	TF-720 Requirements for High Alloy Steels TF-730 Requirements for Nonferrous Materials TF-740 Requirements for Ferritic Steels With Tensile Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment
200	Table TF-720-1 Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for High Alloy Steels — P‐No. 6 Table TF-720-2 Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for High Alloy Steels — P‐No. 7
201	Table TF-720-3 Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for High Alloy Steels — P‐No. 8 Table TF-720-4 Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for High Alloy Steels — P‐No. 10H Table TF-720-5 Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for High Alloy Steels — P‐No. 10I
202	Table TF-720-6 Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for High Alloy Steels — P‐No. 10K Table TF-740 Postweld Heat Treatment Requirements for Ferritic Steels Enhanced by Heat Treatment
204	Article TF-8 Requirements for Vessels Lined for Corrosion/Erosion Control TF-800 General TF-810 Fabrication TF-810.1 General TF-810.2 Pressure Testing
205	Part TE Examination Requirements Article TE-1 Requirements for Examination Procedures and Personnel Qualification TE-100 General TE-110 Nondestructive Examination Procedures TE-110.1 General TE-110.2 Radiographic Examination TE-110.3 Ultrasonic Examination
206	TE-110.4 Magnetic Particle Examination TE-110.5 Liquid-Penetrant Examination TE-120 Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Examination Personnel TE-120.1 General TE-120.2 Qualification of Personnel TE-120.3 Certification of Personnel TE-120.4 Verification of Nondestructive Examination Personnel Certification TE-120.5 Records
207	Article TE-2 Examination of Welds and Acceptance Criteria TE-200 Time of Examination of Welded Joints TE-210 Examination of Weld Edge Preparation Surfaces TE-220 Types of Welded Joints and Their Examination TE-220.1 Welded Joint Categories TE-220.2 Examination of Welded Joints TE-230 Radiographic and Ultrasonic Examination TE-230.1 General Requirements for Radiographic and Ultrasonic Examination
208	TE-230.2 Additional Requirements for Vessels Constructed of Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Table TE-230.2 Thickness Above Which Full Radiographic Examination of Butt‐Welded Joints Is Mandatory
209	TE-230.3 Additional Requirements for Vessels Constructed of High Alloy Steels TE-230.4 Additional Requirements for Vessels Constructed of Nonferrous Materials TE-230.5 Additional Requirements for Vessels Constructed of Ferritic Steels That Are Heat Treated to Enhance Tensile Properties TE-240 Magnetic Particle and Liquid-Penetrant Examination TE-240.1 Examination of Welds on Pneumatically Tested Vessels TE-240.2 Examination of Welds in Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Vessels TE-240.3 Liquid-Penetrant Examination of Welds in High Alloy Steel Vessels TE-240.4 Liquid-Penetrant Examination of Welds in Vessels of Nonferrous Materials
210	TE-240.5 Examination of Welds in Vessels of Ferritic Steels That Are Heat Treated to Enhance Tensile Properties TE-250 Acceptance Criteria TE-250.1 General TE-250.2 Radiographic Acceptance Criteria
211	TE-250.3 Ultrasonic Acceptance Criteria TE-250.4 Magnetic Particle Examination Acceptance Criteria TE-250.5 Liquid-Penetrant Examination Acceptance Criteria
212	Part TT Testing Requirements Article TT-1 General Requirements for Testing TT-100 General
213	Article TT-2 Requirements for Pressure Testing TT-200 General TT-210 Test Requirements
214	TT-220 Test Media TT-230 Appurtenances TT-240 Test Gages
216	Article TT-3 Requirements for Proof Testing to Establish Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) TT-300 General TT-310 Previous Tests TT-320 Duplicate and Similar Parts
217	TT-330 Evaluation TT-330.1 General TT-330.2 Retest TT-330.3 Determination of Tensile Strength TT-330.4 Maximum Allowable Working Pressure at Higher Temperatures TT-340 Procedures TT-340.1 Application of Pressure TT-340.2 Corrosion Allowance
218	TT-340.3 Bursting Test Pressure
219	Article TT-4 Requirements for Elastomeric Lining Test TT-400 General TT-400.1 Equipment TT-400.2 Test Conditions TT-400.3 Results
220	Part TR Pressure Relief Devices
221	Part TOP Overpressure Protection Article TOP-1 General Requirements TOP-100 General TOP-110 Definitions TOP-120 Responsibilities
222	TOP-130 Determination of Pressure-Relieving Requirements TOP-140 Overpressure Limits TOP-150 Permitted Pressure Relief Devices TOP-150.1 Pressure Relief Valves TOP-150.2 Nonreclosing Pressure Relief Devices
223	TOP-160 Pressure Setting and Performance Requirements TOP-170 Installation
225	Part TS Stamping, Marking, Certification, Reports, and Records Article TS-1 Contents and Method of Stamping Transport Tanks TS-100 Required Markings Figure TS-100 Form of Stamping
226	TS-100.1 Methods of Marking Multicompartment Transport Tanks TS-100.2 Location of Markings TS-110 Marking of Parts TS-120 Application of Certification Mark TS-130 Nameplates TS-130.1 Nameplate Attachment
227	TS-130.2 Stamping of Nameplate TS-130.3 Verification of Nameplate Data
228	Article TS-2 Obtaining and Applying Certification Marks to Transport Tanks TS-200 Certification Marks TS-200.1 Application for Authorization TS-200.2 Issuance of Authorization TS-200.3 Inspection Agreement: Designated Oversight TS-200.4 Quality Control System TS-200.5 Evaluation for Authorization and Subsequent Renewals TS-200.6 Code Construction Before Receipt of Certificate of Authorization TS-200.7 Multiple, Duplicate Pressure Vessels
230	Article TS-3 Report Forms and Record Maintenance TS-300 Manufacturer’s Data Reports TS-300.1 Distribution of Manufacturer’s Data Reports TS-310 Partial Data Reports
231	Article TS-4 Special Requirements TS-400 General
232	Part TP Requirements for Repair, Alteration, Testing, and Inspection for Continued Service Article TP-1 General Requirements and Responsibilities TP-100 General TP-100.1 Definitions
233	Article TP-2 Requirements for Repairs and Alterations TP-200 General Requirements
234	Article TP-3 Requirements for Tests and Inspections TP-300 General Requirements
235	Article TP-4 Tests and Inspections TP-400 General TP-410 Types of Tests and Inspections TP-410.1 Visual Inspection TP-410.2 Thickness Testing TP-410.3 Pressure Tests
236	TP-410.4 Leak Test
237	Article TP-5 Criteria for Tests and Inspections TP-500 General
238	Article TP-6 Reports and Records TP-600 Reports and Records
239	MODAL APPENDIX 1 CARGO TANKS ARTICLE 1 GENERAL 1-1.1 Scope 1-1.2 Definitions
241	1-1.3 Materials 1-1.4 Design Requirements Common to More Than One Category
242	Figure 1-1.4(a)-1 Maximum Range for Tensile Strength Properties, for Categories 406, 407, and 412 Class 3 Tanks Where Allowable Tensile Strength Is the Determining Criterion for Allowable Tensile, and Compressive, Stresses, When Buckling (Article TD-4) Is Not Controlling
243	Figure 1-1.4(a)-2 Maximum Range for Tensile Strength Properties, for Categories 406, 407, and 412 Class 3 Tanks Where Yield Strength Is the Determining Criterion for Allowable Tensile or Compressive Stresses per TD-440
245	Figure 1-1.4 Loading Conditions
249	1-1.5 Special Requirements 1-1.6 Protection Against Defined Incident Loads 1-1.7 Fabrication and Examination
250	1-1.8 Pressure Relief Devices
251	Table 1-1.8 Minimum Emergency Vent Capacity (Interpolation Allowed) Table 1-1.8M Minimum Emergency Vent Capacity (Interpolation Allowed) Table 1-1.8 Minimum Emergency Vent Capacity (Interpolation Allowed) Table 1-1.8M Minimum Emergency Vent Capacity (Interpolation Allowed)
252	1-1.9 Operations, Maintenance, and Inspection Table 1-1.9 Periodic Inspection and Test Frequencies Table 1-1.9 Periodic Inspection and Test Frequencies
253	1-1.10 ASME Nameplate Requirements 1-1.11 Jurisdictional Markings 1-1.12 Design Certification
254	Article 2 Category 406, 407, and 412 Cargo Tanks 1-2.1 Category 406 Special Design Requirements 1-2.2 Category 407 Special Design Requirements 1-2.3 Category 412 Special Design Requirements
255	Article 3 Category 331 Cargo Tanks 1-3.1 Scope 1-3.2 Definitions 1-3.3 General Requirements 1-3.4 Material
256	1-3.5 Design Requirements 1-3.5.1 Structural Integrity
258	1-3.5.2 Bulkheads and Ring Stiffeners 1-3.5.3 Manholes 1-3.5.4 Tank Vessel Openings and Integral Heat Transfer Devices
259	1-3.5.5 Tank Vessel Attachment Requirements for Damage Protection Devices 1-3.5.6 Attachment Requirements for Supporting and Anchoring Devices 1-3.6 Fabrication and Examination 1-3.6.1 Tank Vessel Joints
260	1-3.6.2 Testing 1-3.6.3 Postweld Heat Treatment 1-3.7 Safety Relief Devices 1-3.8 ASME Nameplate Requirements 1-3.9 Jurisdictional Markings and Certification 1-3.10 Operation, Maintenance, and Inspections
261	1-3.11 Additional Requirements 1-3.11.1 Construction Requirements for Cargo Tank Vessels Used to Transport Specific Hazardous Materials
263	1-3.11.2 EQUIVALENT MATERIAL THICKNESS
264	Article 4 Category 338, Vacuum Insulated Cargo Tanks for Transporting Refrigerated Fluids 1-4.1 Scope Table 1-4.1 Refrigerated Nontoxic Gases
265	1-4.2 General Requirements 1-4.3 Materials 1-4.4 Design Requirements
266	Table 1-4.4-1 Design Load Factors for Normal Operations in Specified Transportation Modes
267	Table 1-4.4-2 Factors for Fatigue Analysis
268	1-4.5 Fabrication and Examination 1-4.6 Pressure Relief Devices
269	1-4.7 ASME Nameplate Requirements 1-4.8 Jurisdictional Markings 1-4.9 Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection
271	Modal Appendix 2 Rail Tank Cars
272	Modal Appendix 3 Portable Tanks Article 1 Portable Tanks for Transporting Refrigerated Fluids 3-1.1 Scope 3-1.2 Definitions 3-1.3 General Requirements
273	3-1.4 Materials Table 3-1.1 Refrigerated Nontoxic Gases
274	3-1.5 Design Requirements Table 3-1.5-1 Design Load Factors for Normal Operations in Specified Transportation Modes
275	Table 3-1.5-2 Factors for Fatigue Analysis in Specified Transportation Modes
276	3-1.6 Fabrication and Examination 3-1.7 Pressure Relief Devices
277	3-1.8 ASME Nameplate Requirements 3-1.9 Jurisdictional Markings
278	3-1.10 Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection
280	Modal Appendix 4 Category 106A500-X, 106A800-X, 110A500-W, 110A600-W, 110A800-W, 110A1000-W, and 110A2000-W Ton Containers Article 1 4-1.1 Scope 4-1.2 Definitions 4-1.3 Physical Scope 4-1.3.1 Internal Pressure 4-1.3.2 Minimum Design Metal Temperature (MDMT) 4-1.3.3 Maximum Design Temperature 4-1.4 General Requirements
281	4-1.5 Materials 4-1.6 Design Requirements 4-1.6.1 Minimum Thicknesses, Test Pressures, Start-to-Discharge or Burst Pressures, and Minimum Vapor-Tightness Pressures of Relief Devices 4-1.6.2 Thickness of Plates Table 4-1.6.1-1 Minimum Thicknesses, Test Pressures, Start-to-Discharge or Burst Pressures, and Minimum Vapor‐Tightness Pressures of Relief Devices
282	4-1.6.3 Welding 4-1.6.4 Internal Pressure Design for Division 2.1 and 2.2 Gases 4-1.6.5 Internal Pressure Design for Division 2.3 Gases 4-1.6.6 Vacuum Design 4-1.6.7 Fatigue Design 4-1.7 Fabrication 4-1.8 Pressure Relief Devices
283	4-1.9 Testing 4-1.10 ASME Nameplate Requirements 4-1.11 Markings Required by the Competent Authority 4-1.12 Operation, Maintenance, and Inspection
284	MANDATORY APPENDICES Mandatory Appendix I Quality Control System I-1 General I-2 Outline of Features to Be Included in the Written Description of the Quality Control System I-3 Authority and Responsibility I-4 Organization I-5 Drawings, Design Calculations, and Specification Control
285	I-6 Material Control I-7 Examination and Inspection Program I-8 Correction of Nonconformities I-9 Welding I-10 Nondestructive Examination I-11 Heat Treatment I-12 Calibration of Measurement and Test Equipment I-13 Records Retention I-14 Certification I-15 Sample Forms I-16 Inspection of Vessels and Vessel Parts
286	I-17 Inspection of Pressure Relief Valves
287	Mandatory Appendix II Special Commodities
288	Mandatory Appendix III Definitions for Transport Tanks III-1 Introduction III-2 Definitions
290	Mandatory Appendix IV Rounded Indication Charts, Acceptance Standards for Radiographically Determined Rounded Indications in Welds IV-1 Applicability of These Standards IV-2 Terminology IV-3 Acceptance Criteria
291	Table IV-3 Acceptable Rounded Indications
292	Figure IV-3-1 Aligned Rounded Indications
293	Figure IV-3-2 Groups of Aligned Rounded Indications
294	Figure IV-3-3 Charts for t Equal to 3.2 mm to 6.4 mm (1⁄8 in. to 1⁄4 in.), Inclusive Figure IV-3-4 Charts for t Over 6.4 mm to 9.5 mm (1⁄4 in. to 3⁄8 in.), Inclusive
295	Figure IV-3-5 Charts for t Over 9.5 mm to 19 mm (3⁄8 in. to 3⁄4 in.), Inclusive Figure IV-3-6 Charts for t Over 19 mm to 50 mm (3⁄4 in. to 2 in. ), Inclusive
296	Figure IV-3-7 Charts for t Over 50 mm to 100 mm (2 in. to 4 in.), Inclusive
297	Figure IV-3-8 Charts for t Over 100 mm (4 in.)
298	Mandatory Appendix V Methods for Magnetic Particle Examination (MT) V-1 Scope V-2 Certification of Competency for Nondestructive Examination Personnel V-3 Evaluation of Indications V-4 Acceptance Standards V-5 Repair Requirements
300	Mandatory Appendix VI Methods for Liquid-Penetrant Examination (PT) VI-1 Scope VI-2 Certification of Competency of Nondestructive Examination Personnel VI-3 Evaluation of Indications VI-4 Acceptance Standards VI-5 Repair Requirements
301	Mandatory Appendix VIII Low Pressure Tank Design VIII-1 Scope VIII-2 Design Requirements
302	Figure VIII-2-1 Types of Tanks: Design Moments and Bending Stresses
303	VIII-3 Fabrication and Welding
304	Figure VIII-2-2 Bending Moments in Noncircular Shells
305	Figure VIII-2-3 Noncircular Cargo Tank Structural Properties
306	Figure VIII-2-4 Noncircular Tank
308	Mandatory Appendix IX Ultrasonic Examination of Welds (UT) IX-1 Scope IX-2 Certification of Competence of Nondestructive Examiner IX-3 Acceptance/Rejection Standards IX-4 Report of Examination
309	Mandatory Appendix X Examination of Steel Castings X-1 Scope X-2 Examination Techniques X-3 Examination Requirements
310	X-4 Repairs
311	X-5 Identification and Marking
312	Mandatory Appendix XI Adhesive Attachment of Nameplates XI-1 Scope XI-2 Nameplate Application Procedure Qualification
313	Table XII-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations Mandatory Appendix XII Standard Units for Use in Equations
314	Mandatory Appendix XIII Reference Material and Equivalent Thickness XIII-1 Introduction XIII-2 Method A
315	XIII-3 Method B, Equivalent Thickness
316	Mandatory Appendix XIV Hot Pressure Welded Joint for Head-to-Shell Welds of Ton Containers XIV-1 General XIV-2 Design XIV-3 Materials XIV-4 Fabrication XIV-5 Essential Variables for Procedure Qualification XIV-6 Procedure Qualification Testing
317	XIV-7 Welding Operator Qualification
318	Mandatory Appendix XV Rules for Mass Production of Pressure Vessels XV-1 Introduction XV-2 Scope XV-3 General XV-4 Quality Control Procedures
319	XV-5 Data Reports XV-6 Pneumatic Testing
320	XV-7 Hydrostatic Testing
321	Mandatory Appendix XVI Local Thin Areas in Cylindrical Shells and in Spherical Segments of Shells XVI-1 Scope XVI-2 General Requirements XVI-3 Nomenclature XVI-4 Single Local Thin Areas in Cylindrical Shells XVI-5 Multiple Local Thin Areas in Cylindrical Shells
322	Figure XVI-3-1 Nomenclature Figure XVI-6-1 Limits for Torispherical Head XVI-6 Single Local Thin Areas in Spherical Segments of Shells
323	Figure XVI-6-2 Limits for Ellipsoidal Head Figure XVI-6-3 Limits for Hemispherical Head XVI-7 Multiple Local Thin Areas in Spherical Segments of Shells XVI-8 Data Reports Figure XVI-6-2 Limits for Ellipsoidal Head Figure XVI-6-3 Limits for Hemispherical Head
324	Table XVII-4-1 Allowable Materials and Design Stress Mandatory Appendix XVII Cold-Stretching of Austenitic Stainless Steel Pressure Vessels XVII-1 Scope XVII-2 General Requirements XVII-3 Nomenclature XVII-4 Materials and Allowable Design Stress XVII-5 Design
325	XVII-6 Fabrication Process
326	XVII-7 Stamping and Certification
327	Mandatory Appendix XVIII Establishing Governing Code Editions, Addenda, and Cases for Transport Tanks XVIII-1 General XVIII-2 Construction XVIII-3 Materials
328	Mandatory Appendix XIX Capacity Conversions for Pressure Relief Devices
329	Mandatory Appendix XX Rules for Bolted Flange Connections With Ring Type Gaskets XX-1 Scope XX-2 Materials
330	XX-3 Notation
331	XX-4 Circular Flange Types
332	XX-5 Bolt Loads
333	Figure XX-4 Types of Flanges
336	Table XX-4 Recommended Minimum Gasket Contact Widths for Sheet and Composite Gaskets XX-6 Flange Moments
337	Table XX-5.1 Gasket Materials and Contact Facings Gasket Factors m for Operating Conditions and Minimum Design Seating Stress y
339	Table XX-5.2 Effective Gasket Width
340	Table XX-6 Moment Arms for Flange Loads Under Operating Conditions XX-7 Calculation of Flange Stresses
341	Figure XX-7.1 Values of T, U, Y, and Z (Terms Involving K)
342	Figure XX-7.2 Values of F (Integral Flange Factors)
343	Figure XX-7.3 Values of V (Integral Flange Factors)
344	Figure XX-7.4 Values of FL (Loose Hub Flange Factors) Figure XX-7.5 Values of VL (Loose Hub Flange Factors)
345	Figure XX-7.6 Values of f (Hub Stress Correction Factor)
346	Table XX-7.1 Flange Factors in Formula Form
347	XX-8 Allowable Flange Design Stresses XX-9 Split Loose Flanges
348	XX-10 Noncircular Shaped Flanges With Circular Bore XX-11 Flanges Subject to External Pressures XX-12 Flanges With Nut-Stops XX-13 Reverse Flanges
349	Figure XX-13.1 Reverse Flange
350	Figure XX-13.2 Loose Ring Type Reverse Flange XX-14 Flange Rigidity
351	Table XX-14 Flange Rigidity Factors XX-15 Qualification of Assembly Procedures and Assemblers
352	NONMANDATORY APPENDICES Nonmandatory Appendix A Suggested Good Practice Regarding Piping Reactions and Design of Supports and Attachments A-1 A-2 A-3 A-4 A-5
353	A-6 A-7 A-8 A-9 References
354	Nonmandatory Appendix B Suggested Good Practice Regarding Internal Structures
355	Nonmandatory Appendix C Guide for Preparing Manufacturer’s Data Reports C-1 Introduction
356	Table C-1 Instructions for the Preparation of Manufacturer’s Data Reports
359	Forms FORM T-1A MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR CLASS 1 TRANSPORT TANKS
360	FORM T-1B MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR CLASS 2 TRANSPORT TANKS
361	FORM T-1C MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT FOR CLASS 3 TRANSPORT TANKS
362	FORM T-2A MANUFACTURER’S PARTIAL DATA REPORT FOR CLASS 1 TRANSPORT TANKS
363	FORM T-2B MANUFACTURER’S PARTIAL DATA REPORT FOR CLASS 2 TRANSPORT TANKS
364	FORM T-2C MANUFACTURER’S PARTIAL DATA REPORT FOR CLASS 3 TRANSPORT TANKS
365	FORM T-3A CLASS 1 TRANSPORT TANK MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT SUPPLEMENTARY SHEET
366	FORM T-3B CLASS 2 TRANSPORT TANK MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT SUPPLEMENTARY SHEET
367	FORM T-3C CLASS 3 TRANSPORT TANK MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT SUPPLEMENTARY SHEET
368	Nonmandatory Appendix D Guide to Information Appearing on Certificate of Authorization
369	Figure D-1 Sample Certificate of Authorization
370	Nonmandatory Appendix E Recommended Practices for Vacuum Insulated Cargo Tanks and Portable Tanks for Refrigerated Fluids E-1 Introduction E-2 Design
371	E-3 Insulating Jackets
372	E-4 Insulation and Holding Times
373	Table E-3-1 Acceptance Levels for Surface Imperfections
375	E-5 Filling and Discharge Openings E-6 Piping, Valves, and Fittings
376	E-7 Outage (Ullage) E-8 Supports, Framework, Lifting, and Tie-Down Attachments for Portable Tanks
377	E-9 Support, Anchoring, and Collision Protection for Cargo Tanks E-10 Pressure Testing
378	E-11 Cleanliness
379	Nonmandatory Appendix F Recommended Practices for Noncryogenic Portable Tanks
380	Nonmandatory Appendix G Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code G-1 Use of Units in Equations G-2 Guidelines Used to Develop SI Equivalents
382	G-3 Soft Conversion Factors
383	Nonmandatory Appendix H Activities and Responsibilities of Section XII Users, ASME, and the Competent Authorities for Cargo Tanks H-1 Scope and Introduction H-2 Definitions H-3 Recommended Cargo Tank Motor Vehicle Design Procedures
385	H-4 Support Structure and Defined Incident Protection
386	H-5 Marking of Cargo Tanks and Cargo Tank Motor Vehicles
388	Nonmandatory Appendix J Flowcharts Illustrating Toughness Testing Requirements and Exemptions From Toughness Testing by the Rules of TM-250 J-1 TM-250 Toughness Test Requirements for High Alloy Vessels
389	Figure J-1.2-1 Austenitic Stainless Steel Base Metal and HAZ Toughness Testing Requirements
390	Figure J-1.2-2 Welding Procedure Qualification With Toughness Testing Requirements for Austenitic Stainless Steel
391	Figure J-1.2-3 Welding Consumable Pre-Use Testing Requirements for Austenitic Stainless Steel
392	Figure J-1.2-4 Production Toughness Testing Requirements for Austenitic Stainless Steel
393	Figure J-1.2-5Austenitic-Ferritic Duplex, Ferritic Chromium, and Martensitic Stainless Steel Toughness Testing Requirements
394	Nonmandatory Appendix K Preheating
395	Table K-1Preheating Temperatures
396	Nonmandatory Appendix L Quality Control System Guidelines L-1 General L-2 Scope L-3 Acronyms/Glossary of Abbreviations L-4 Statement of Authority L-5 Organization Chart L-6 Manual Control L-7 Drawing and Design Control
397	L-8 Manufacture L-9 Assembly L-10 Modification
398	L-11 Material Control L-12 Inspection and Testing — Examination L-13 Test and Inspection Marking L-14 Nonconformities — Corrective Action L-15 Welding Control L-16 Calibration L-17 Mobile Units L-18 Records Retention L-19 Exhibits L-20 Quality Audits
399	L-21 Registration — Facilities and Personnel L-22 Nondestructive Examination L-23 Heat Treatment L-24 Certification L-25 Inspection of Vessels and Parts L-26 Inspection of Pressure Relief Valves
400	Nonmandatory Appendix M Guide to the Relocation of Part TR Requirements
401	Nonmandatory Appendix N Guide for the Design and Operation of Quick-Actuating and Quick-Opening Closures N-1 Introduction N-2 Responsibilities N-3 Design
402	N-4 Installation N-5 Maintenance N-7 Training
403	N-8 Administrative Controls
404	Endnotes

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Standard Title	ASME BPVC.XII-2023 Section XII, Rules for Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks
Published Code	ASME
Publication Date	2023
Pages Count	407

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