ASME PCC 1 2022

$98.04

ASME PCC-1-2022 Guidelines for Pressure Boundary Bolted Flange Joint Assembly

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASME	2022	117

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Description

This Standard covering bolted flange joint assemblies (BFJAs) applies to pressure-boundary flange joints with ring-type gaskets that are entirely within the circle enclosed by the bolt holes and with no contact outside this circle.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
4	CONTENTS
8	FOREWORD
9	ASME PRESSURE TECHNOLOGY POST-CONSTRUCTION COMMITTEE ROSTER
10	CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PCC COMMITTEE
12	ASME PCC-1–2022 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
14	1 SCOPE 2 INTRODUCTION
15	3 TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION OF BOLTED JOINT ASSEMBLY PERSONNEL 4 CLEANING OF GASKET SEATING SURFACES OF FLANGES 5 EXAMINATION OF FLANGE AND FASTENER CONTACT SURFACES 5.1 Examination of Gasket Seating Surfaces for Surface Finish 5.2 Examination of Gasket Seating Surfaces for Flatness
16	5.3 Examination of Fastener Contact Surfaces and Washers 5.4 Examination of Flange Nut or Washer Bearing Surfaces 6 ALIGNMENT OF FLANGE JOINTS 7 INSTALLATION OF GASKET
17	8 LUBRICATION 9 INSTALLATION OF BOLTS 10 TIGHTENING PROCEDURE
18	11 OPTIONAL PRACTICES Figures Figure 8-1 Examples of Lubrication Application
19	12 JOINT PRESSURE AND TIGHTNESS TESTING 13 RECORDS 14 JOINT DISASSEMBLY
20	15 REFERENCES 15.1 API Publications 15.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) 15.3 ASME Standards 15.4 ASTM Publications 15.5 European Committee for Standardization Publication 15.6 ISO Publications
21	15.7 Japanese Standards Association Publication 15.8 MSS Publication 15.9 PIP Publication 15.10 SAE Publication 15.11 TEMA Publication 15.12 U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration Publication 15.13 VDI Publication 15.14 WRC Publications 15.15 Other Publications
23	MANDATORY APPENDIX I DEFINITIONS
28	NONMANDATORY APPENDICES NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A TRAINING AND QUALIFICATION OF BOLTED JOINT ASSEMBLY PERSONNEL A-1 INTRODUCTION
29	Tables Table A-1.4-1 Training Matrix A-2 ACADEMIC TRAINING PROGRAM
31	Table A-2.1-1 Training of Fundamentals Curriculum
33	Table A-2.2-1 Piping Endorsement Curriculum
34	Table A-2.3-1 Powered-Equipment Endorsement Curriculum Table A-2.4-1 Heat Exchanger Endorsement Curriculum
35	A-3 EXAMINATION PROGRAM
36	A-4 QUALITY ASSURANCE
37	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B DESCRIPTION OF COMMON TERMS
38	Table C-1 Recommended Gasket Seating Surface Finish for Various Gasket Types NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C RECOMMENDED GASKET SEATING SURFACE FINISH FOR VARIOUS GASKET TYPES
39	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D GUIDELINES FOR ALLOWABLE GASKET SEATING SURFACE FLATNESS AND DEFECT DEPTH D-1 INTRODUCTION D-2 FLANGE FACE FLATNESS TOLERANCES D-3 FLANGE FACE IMPERFECTION TOLERANCES D-4 RTJ GASKETS D-5 REFERENCE
40	Figure D-2-1 Flange Circumferential Variation Tolerance, T1 Table D-2-1M Flange Seating Face Flatness Tolerances (Metric) Table D-2-1 Flange Seating Face Flatness Tolerances (U.S. Customary)
41	Figure D-2-2 Flange Radial Variation Tolerance, T2 Table D-3-1M Allowable Defect Depth vs. Width Across Face (Metric) Table D-3-1 Allowable Defect Depth vs. Width Across Face (U.S. Customary)
42	Figure D-3-1 Flange Surface Damage Assessment: Pits and Dents Figure D-3-2 Flange Surface Damage Assessment: Scratches and Gouges
43	Figure D-4-1 RTJ Gasket Seating Surface Assessment
44	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX E FLANGE JOINT ALIGNMENT GUIDELINES E-1 CHECKS, MEASUREMENTS, OR VERIFICATIONS E-2 VERIFICATION METHODS AND TOLERANCES E-3 ALIGNMENT METHODS AND TOOLS E-4 ENGINEERING EVALUATION
45	Figure E-2-1 Centerline High/Low Figure E-2-2 Excessive Spacing Gap Figure E-2-3 Parallelism
46	Figure E-2-4 Rotational Two-Hole Table E-2-1 Common Alignment Tolerances
47	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F JOINT-TIGHTENING PRACTICES AND PATTERNS F-1 INTRODUCTION F-2 BOLT-LOAD CONTROL F-3 BOLT-LOAD VERIFICATION F-4 TIGHTENING PRACTICES
48	Table F-4-1 Example Tightening Practices Based on Service Application F-5 TOOL SELECTION FOR LOAD CONTROL F-6 TIGHTENING PATTERNS
49	Table F-6.1.1.1-1 Star and Modified Star Pattern Sequencing
51	Figure F-6.1.1.2.1-1 Pattern #1 (Star Pattern): 24-Bolt Basic Example F-7 DEVELOPING NEW PROCEDURES
52	Figure F-6.1.1.2.2-1 Pattern #1 (Star Pattern): 24-Bolt Modified Star Example
53	Figure F-6.1.1.2.2-2 Modified Star Pattern With Multiple Tools
54	Figure F-6.1.2.1-1 Pattern #2 (Quadrant Pattern): 24-Bolt Examples F-8 RTJ AND LENS-TYPE GASKETS
55	Table F-6.1.2.1.1-1 Quadrant Pattern Cross Sequence
56	Table F-6.1.2.1.2-1 Quadrant Pattern Circular Sequence
57	Figure F-6.1.2.2-1 Pattern #2 (Quadrant Pattern): 24-Bolt Accelerated Cross Example
58	Figure F-6.1.3.1-1 Pattern #3 (Circular Pattern): 24-Bolt Example F-9 HIGHLY COMPRESSIBLE SOFT GASKETS VULNERABLE TO UNEVEN COMPRESSION F-10 REFERENCES
59	Figure F-6.1.3.2-1 Pattern #3 (Circular Pattern): 24-Bolt Step-by-Step Example
60	Figure F-6.1.3.3-1 Pattern #3 (Simultaneous Multibolt Circular Pattern): 24-Bolt Step-by-Step Example (Two Tools)
61	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX G SINGLE-STUD REPLACEMENT
62	Table H-1M Bolt Root and Tensile Stress Areas (Metric Threads) NONMANDATORY APPENDIX H BOLT ROOT AND TENSILE STRESS AREAS
63	Table H-1 Bolt Root and Tensile Stress Areas (Inch Series)
64	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX I INTERACTION DURING TIGHTENING
65	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX J OPTIONAL PRACTICES FOR FLANGE JOINT ASSEMBLY J-1 INTRODUCTION J-2 MEASUREMENT OF GAPS J-3 BOLT ELONGATION (BOLT STRETCH) MEASUREMENT
66	J-4 START-UP RETORQUE J-5 GROUPED BOLTING FOR LARGE FLANGES J-6 ALTERNATIVE LEGACY CROSS-PATTERN TIGHTENING SEQUENCE AND BOLT-NUMBERING SYSTEM J-7 CONTROLLED DISASSEMBLY
67	Figure J-5-1 Example of Bolt Grouping for a 48-Bolt Flange
68	Table J-6-1 Legacy Cross-Pattern Tightening Sequence and Bolt-Numbering System When Using a Single Tool
69	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX K NUT FACTOR CALCULATION OF TARGET TORQUE K-1 COMMON TARGET TORQUE FORMULA K-2 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON TARGET TORQUE FORMULAS
70	K-3 REFERENCES
71	Table L-1 ASME B16.5 Flange Bolting Information NONMANDATORY APPENDIX L ASME B16.5 FLANGE BOLTING INFORMATION
72	Table M-1.3-1 Recommended Washer Temperature Limits NONMANDATORY APPENDIX M WASHER USAGE GUIDANCE AND PURCHASE SPECIFICATIONS FOR THROUGH-HARDENED WASHERS M-1 WASHER USAGE GUIDANCE
73	M-2 PURCHASE SPECIFICATION FOR THROUGH-HARDENED WASHERS
74	Table M-2.4-1 Chemical Requirements
75	Table M-2.6.1-1 Dimensional Requirements for Metric Washers Table M-2.6.1-2 Dimensional Requirements for U.S. Customary Washers
76	Table M-2.6.1-3 Dimensional Tolerances for Metric Washers Table M-2.6.1-4 Dimensional Tolerances for U.S. Customary Washers Table M-2.8.2-1 Sampling
77	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX N DEFINITIONS, COMMENTARY, AND GUIDELINES ON THE REUSE OF BOLTS N-1 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS N-2 GENERAL COMMENTARY
78	N-3 GUIDELINES FOR REUSE OF BOLTS AND NUTS N-4 GUIDELINES FOR REUSE OF GASKETS
79	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX O ASSEMBLY BOLT STRESS DETERMINATION O-1 INTRODUCTION
80	O-2 ASSEMBLY BOLT STRESS SELECTION O-3 SIMPLE APPROACH
81	O-4 JOINT COMPONENT APPROACH
82	O-5 DETERMINING FLANGE LIMITS
84	Table O-3.2-1M Reference Values (Target Torque Index) for Calculating Target Torque Values for Low-Alloy Steel Bolting Based on Unit Prestress of 1 MPa (Root Area) (Metric Series Threads)
85	Table O-3.2-1 Reference Values (Target Torque Index) for Calculating Target Torque Values for Low-Alloy Steel Bolting Based on Unit Prestress of 1 ksi (Root Area) (Inch Series Threads)
86	Table O-4.1-1M Pipe Wall Thickness Used for Following Tables (mm) Table O-4.1-1 Pipe Wall Thickness Used for Following Tables (in.)
87	Table O-4.1-2M Bolt Stress Limit for SA-105 Steel Flanges Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (MPa) Table O-4.1-2 Bolt Stress Limit for SA-105 Steel Flanges Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (ksi)
88	Table O-4.1-3 Flange Rotation for SA-105 Steel Flanges Loaded to Table O-4.1-2M/Table O-4.1-2 Bolt Stress Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (deg)
89	Table O-4.1-4M Bolt Stress Limit for SA-105 Steel Flanges Using Elastic Closed Form Analysis (MPa) Table O-4.1-4 Bolt Stress Limit for SA-105 Steel Flanges Using Elastic Closed Form Analysis (ksi)
90	Table O-4.1-5 Flange Rotation for SA-105 Steel Flanges Loaded toTable O-4.1-4M/Table O-4.1-4 Bolt Stress Using Elastic Closed Form Analysis (deg)
91	Table O-4.1-6M Bolt Stress Limit for SA-182 F304 Steel Flanges Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (MPa) Table O-4.1-6 Bolt Stress Limit for SA-182 F304 Steel Flanges Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (ksi)
92	Table O-4.1-7 Flange Rotation for SA-182 F304 Steel Flanges Loaded toTable O-4.1-6M/Table O-4.1-6 Bolt Stress Using Elastic–Plastic FEA (deg)
93	Table O-4.2-1 Example Bolt Stress for SA-105 Steel Weld-Neck Flanges, SA-193 B7 Steel Bolts, and Spiral-Wound Gasket With Inner Ring (ksi)
94	Table O-4.2-2 Example Assembly Bolt Torque for SA-105 Steel Weld-Neck Flanges, SA-193 B7 Steel Bolts, and Spiral-Wound Gasket With Inner Ring (ft-lb)
95	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX P TROUBLESHOOTING FLANGE JOINT LEAKAGE P-1 INTRODUCTION P-2 SCOPE P-3 INVESTIGATIVE AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION GUIDE
96	Form Form P-3-1 Sample Flange Joint Leak Report
98	P-4 FLANGE DESIGN AND ACCEPTABLE PRACTICE CONSIDERATIONS
100	Figure P-4.6.1-1 Tapered-Hub-Type Flange Figure P-4.6.2-1 Slip-On-Type Flange
101	Figure P-4.6.3-1 Lap Joint Flange P-5 LEAKAGE PROBLEMS AND POTENTIAL SOLUTIONS P-6 REFERENCES
102	Table P-5-1 Leak During Pressure Test
103	Table P-5-2 Leak During Heat-Up or Initial Operation
104	Table P-5-3 Leak Corresponding to Thermal or Pressure Upset Table P-5-4 Leak After Long-Term Operation
105	Table P-5-5 Leak During Shutdown
106	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX Q CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE USE OF POWERED EQUIPMENT Q-1 GENERAL GUIDANCE Q-2 PNEUMATIC AND ELECTRIC TORQUE WRENCHES Q-3 HYDRAULIC TORQUE WRENCHES
107	Q-4 HYDRAULIC TENSIONERS
109	Figure Q-4.5-1 24-Bolt, 24-Tool Example Q-5 ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF TORQUE TOOL PERFORMANCE
110	Figure Q-4.5-2 24-Bolt, 50% (12-Tool) Example
111	Q-6 REFERENCE
112	NONMANDATORY APPENDIX R ASSEMBLY RECORDS MANAGEMENT R-1 PURPOSES OF JOINT ASSEMBLY RECORDS R-2 MAINTENANCE OF JOINT ASSEMBLY RECORDS
113	Figure R-2.2-1 Example Long Assembly Record
114	Figure R-2.2-2 Example Short Assembly Record
115	Figure R-2.2-3 Example Medium-Length Assembly Record
116	Figure R-2.2-4Example Multipart Tear-Off Tag