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ASME PVHO 1 2023

$98.04

ASME PVHO-1-2023 Safety Standard for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy

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ASME 2023
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This Standard defines the requirements that are applicable to all pressure vessels for human occupancy (PVHOs) fabricated to this Standard (Sections 1 through 4) and shall be used in conjunction with specific requirements in Sections 5 through 7, as applicable, and Mandatory Appendices of this Standard. In the event of conflict between Sections 1 through 4 and Sections 5 through 7, the application-specific requirements from Sections 5 through 7 shall govern.

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PDF Pages PDF Title
4 CONTENTS
9 FOREWORD
10 ASME PRESSURE VESSELS FOR HUMAN OCCUPANCY COMMITTEE ROSTER
13 CORRESPONDENCE WITH THE PVHO COMMITTEE
15 ASME PVHO-1–2023 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
18 Section 1 General Requirements
1-1 INTRODUCTION
1-2 SCOPE
1-2.1 Application
1-2.2 Geometry
1-2.3 Limitations
1-3 EXCLUSIONS
1-4 USER REQUIREMENTS
1-5 MANUFACTURER’S DATA REPORT
19 1-6 MATERIALS
1-7 DESIGN AND FABRICATION REQUIREMENTS
1-7.1 Joint Design
20 1-7.2 Welding
1-7.3 Nondestructive Testing
1-7.4 Electrical Outfitting
1-7.5 Viewports
21 1-7.6 Penetrations
1-7.7 Inspection
1-7.8 Testing
1-7.9 Documentation
22 1-7.10 Piping
1-7.11 Opening Reinforcements
1-7.12 Brazed or Riveted Construction
1-7.13 Hatch Design
1-7.14 Rectangular Door Design
1-7.15 Supports and Attachments
1-8 PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICES
1-9 MARKING
1-9.1 PVHO Pressure Vessel Manufacturer Marking
23 1-9.2 PVHO Systems Integrator Marking
1-10 NONMETALLIC MATERIALS AND TOXICITY OFF-GAS TESTING
24 1-11 RISK ANALYSIS
1-12 LITHIUM BATTERIES
1-12.1 Scope
1-12.2 Exclusions
1-12.3 Certification
1-12.4 Installation
1-12.5 Battery Housings
25 1-12.6 Battery Management System (BMS) for Rechargeable Batteries
1-12.7 Protection for Nonrechargeable Batteries
1-12.8 Testing
1-12.9 Charging
1-12.10 Replacement
1-12.11 Manuals and Records
26 1-13 AUTOMATIC CONTROL AND SOFTWARE SAFETY
1-14 OPERATIONAL PRESSURE CYCLE
27 Forms
PVHO-1 Form GR-1 Manufacturer’s Data Report for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy
28 PVHO-1 Form GR-1S Manufacturer’s Data Report Supplementary Sheet
29 Figures
Figure 1-7.1-1 Spherical Intermediate Head Attachment
30 PVHO-1 Form GR-2 Systems Integrator Report for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy
31 PVHO-1 Form GR-2S Systems Integrator Report Supplementary Sheet
32 Figure 1-9.1-1 Form of Nameplate, U.S. Customary Units
Figure 1-9.1-2 Form of Nameplate, SI Units
33 Figure 1-9.2-1 Form of Nameplate With Systems Integrator, U.S. Customary Units
Figure 1-9.2-2 Form of Nameplate With Systems Integrator, SI Units
34 Tables
Table 1-10-1 Conversion Factor, Fp (for PVHO Occupation Exceeding 8 hr)
35 Section 2 Viewports
2-1 GENERAL
2-1.1 Scope
2-1.2 Exclusions
2-1.3 Certification
2-1.4 Nomenclature
36 2-2 DESIGN
2-2.1 General
2-2.2 Standard Window Geometry
37 2-2.3 Determination of Dimensions for Standard-Geometry Windows
2-2.4 Determination of Conversion Factor by Table Method
2-2.5 Determination of Short-Term Critical Pressure
38 2-2.6 Design Life
39 2-2.7 Temperature and Dimensional Criteria
40 2-2.8 Viewport Flanges
2-2.9 Window Seats
2-2.10 Window Seals
42 2-2.11 Dimensional Tolerances and Surface Finish
43 2-2.12 Documentation
2-2.13 Windows With Inserts for Penetrators
45 2-3 MATERIAL
2-3.1 Material Restrictions
2-3.2 Laminated Sheets
2-3.3 Acrylic Bonding
2-3.4 Acrylic Requirements
46 2-3.5 Acrylic Form
2-3.6 Material Property Tests
2-3.7 Properties Test Specifications
47 2-3.8 Testing for Residual Monomer
48 2-3.9 Windows Greater Than 6 in. Thick
2-3.10 Bond Testing
2-3.11 Low Ultraviolet (UV) Cast Acrylic Cylinders
2-4 FABRICATION
2-4.1 Responsibilities and Duties for Window Fabricators
2-4.2 Quality Assurance and Marking
2-4.3 Use of Solvent
2-4.4 Identification
2-4.5 Annealing
49 2-4.6 Polishing
2-4.7 Inspection
2-5 INSPECTION
2-5.1 General
2-5.2 Inspection Temperature and Orientation
2-5.3 Surface Scratches
2-5.4 Inclusion Inspection
50 2-5.5 Scratch Characterizations
2-5.6 Repairs
2-5.7 Inspection Report
2-6 MARKING
2-6.1 Marking Location, Configurations
51 2-6.2 Certification Completion
2-6.3 Marking Restrictions
2-6.4 Additional Marking
2-6.5 Marking Certification Retention
2-7 PRESSURE TESTING
2-7.1 Frequency
2-7.2 Test Configuration
2-7.3 Test Duration
2-7.4 Test Temperature
2-7.5 Window Leakage
2-7.6 Post-Test Inspection
2-7.7 Rejection Criteria
52 2-7.8 Alternate Test Procedure
2-7.9 Reporting Requirements
2-7.10 Records Retention
2-8 INSTALLATION OF WINDOWS IN CHAMBERS
2-8.1 Cleaning
2-8.2 Lubrication
2-8.3 Assembly
2-9 REPAIR OF DAMAGED WINDOWS PRIOR TO BEING PLACED IN SERVICE
2-9.1 General
2-9.2 Damaged Window Criteria
2-9.3 Dimensional Assessment
2-9.4 Damage Severity Determination
2-9.5 Slightly Damaged Windows
2-9.6 Repairs of Slightly Damaged Windows
53 2-9.7 Repair of Severely Damaged Windows
2-9.8 Repair of Spherical Window by Spot Casting
2-10 GUIDELINES FOR APPLICATION OF THE REQUIREMENTS OF SECTION 2
2-10.1 Introduction
54 2-10.2 Sample Design Procedures
2-10.3 Sample Purchase Specification and Product Reviews
55 2-10.4 Sample Pressure Test Instructions
2-10.5 Sample Calculations
2-11 NONSTANDARD WINDOW GEOMETRIES AND STANDARD WINDOW GEOMETRIES WITH LOWER CONVERSION FACTORS
2-11.1 Case Submittal Procedure
56 2-11.2 Use in Standard PVHOs
2-11.3 Testing Criteria
2-11.4 STPP Test Procedure
2-11.5 LTPP Test Procedure
57 2-11.6 CPP Test Procedure
2-11.7 Test Temperature Criteria
2-11.8 Fixturing
2-11.9 Scaling
59 PVHO-1 Form VP-1 Fabrication Certification for Acrylic Windows
60 PVHO-1 Form VP-2 Acrylic Window Design Certification
61 Figure 2-2.2.1-1 Standard Window Geometries — Part 1
62 Figure 2-2.2.1-2 Standard Window Geometries — Part 2
63 Figure 2-2.2.1-3 Standard Window Geometries — Part 3
64 Figure 2-2.2.1-4 Standard Window Geometries — Part 4
Table 2-2.3.1-1 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Flat Disk Windows
65 Table 2-2.3.1-2 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Conical Frustum Windows and Double-Beveled Disk Windows
Table 2-2.3.1-3 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Spherical Sector Windows With Conical Edge, Hyperhemispherical Windows With Conical Edge, and NEMO-Type Windows With Conical Edge
66 Table 2-2.3.1-4 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Spherical Sector Windows With Square Edge and Hemispherical Windows With Equatorial Flange
Table 2-2.3.1-5 Conversion Factors for Acrylic Cylindrical Windows
Table 2-2.3.2-1 Conical Frustum Windows for Design Pressures in Excess of 10,000 psi (69 MPa)
67 Figure 2-2.5.1-1 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows — Part 1
68 Figure 2-2.5.1-2 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows — Part 2
69 Figure 2-2.5.1-3 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Flat Disk Acrylic Windows — Part 3
70 Figure 2-2.5.1-4 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows — Part 1
71 Figure 2-2.5.1-5 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Conical Frustum Acrylic Windows — Part 2
72 Figure 2-2.5.1-6 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Spherical Sector Acrylic Windows — Part 1
73 Figure 2-2.5.1-7 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Spherical Sector Acrylic Windows — Part 2
74 Figure 2-2.5.1-8 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows Pressurized Internally — Part 1
75 Figure 2-2.5.1-9 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows Pressurized Internally — Part 2
76 Figure 2-2.5.1-10 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows Pressurized Externally
77 Figure 2-2.5.1-11 Short-Term Elastic Buckling of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows Between Supports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure — Part 1
78 Figure 2-2.5.1-12 Short-Term Elastic Buckling of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows Between Supports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure — Part 2
79 Figure 2-2.5.1-13 Short-Term Elastic Buckling of Cylindrical Acrylic Windows Between Supports Under External Hydrostatic Pressure — Part 3
80 Figure 2-2.5.1-14 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Hyperhemispherical and NEMO-Type Acrylic Windows — Part 1
81 Figure 2-2.5.1-15 Short-Term Critical Pressure of Hyperhemispherical and NEMO-Type Acrylic Windows — Part 2
82 Figure 2-2.9.1-1 Seat Cavity Requirements — Conical Frustum Window, Spherical Sector Window With Conical Edge, and Flat Disk Window
83 Figure 2-2.9.1-2 Seat Cavity Requirements — Double-Beveled Disk Window
84 Figure 2-2.9.1-3 Seat Cavity Requirements — Spherical Sector Window With Square Edge
85 Figure 2-2.9.1-4 Seat Cavity Requirements — Hemispherical Window With Equatorial Flange
86 Figure 2-2.9.1-5 Seat Cavity Requirements — Cylindrical Window
87 Figure 2-2.9.1-6 Seat Cavity Requirements — Hyperhemispherical Window
88 Figure 2-2.9.1-7 Seat Cavity Requirements — NEMO Window (Standard Seat)
89 Figure 2-2.9.1-8 Seat Cavity Requirements — NEMO Window (Seat With Extended Cyclic Fatigue Life)
90 Figure 2-2.10.10-1 Bevels on Window Edges — Flat Disk Windows, Conical Frustum Windows, Spherical Sector Windows, Hyperhemispheres
91 Figure 2-2.10.10-2 Bevels on Window Edges — Flanged Hemispherical Window, Spherical Sector Window With Square Edge, External Pressure and Internal Pressure of Cylindrical Windows
92 Figure 2-2.10.11-1 Acceptable Configurations for Clear Viewport Retaining Covers
93 Figure 2-2.13.11-1 Dimensional Tolerances for Penetrations in Acrylic Windows
94 Table 2-2.13.13-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Polycarbonate Plastic
Table 2-2.13.13-2 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Cast Nylon Plastic
95 Figure 2-2.13.15-1 Dimensional Tolerances for Inserts in Acrylic Windows
96 Figure 2-2.13.16-1 Typical Shapes of Inserts
97 Figure 2-2.13.22-1 Seal Configurations for Inserts in Acrylic Windows
98 Figure 2-2.13.24-1 Restraints for Inserts in Acrylic Windows
99 Table 2-3.4-1 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Lot
100 PVHO-1 Form VP-3 Material Manufacturer’s Certification for Acrylic
101 Table 2-3.4-2 Specified Values of Physical Properties for Each Casting
102 PVHO-1 Form VP-4 Material Testing Certification for Acrylic
103 Table 2-4.5-1 Annealing Schedule for Acrylic Windows
104 PVHO-1 Form VP-5 Pressure Testing Certification
105 PVHO-1 Form VP-6 Acrylic Window Repair Certification
106 Table 2-11.5.2-1 ALTPP Test Options
107 Figure 2-11.5.2-1 Alternative Long-Term Proof Pressure Test Acceptance Criteria
108 Section 3 Quality Assurance for PVHO Manufacturers
3-1 GENERAL
3-1.1 Scope
3-1.2 Quality Assurance System Verification
3-2 RESPONSIBILITIES
3-2.1 Compliance With This Standard
3-2.2 Documentation of the Quality Assurance Program
3-2.3 Certification
3-2.4 Right of Access
3-2.5 Records
109 Section 4 Piping Systems
4-1 GENERAL
4-1.1 Scope
4-1.2 Design and Fabrication
110 4-2 MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS
4-2.1 Acceptable Materials
4-2.2 Limitations on Materials
4-2.3 Lubricants and Sealants
4-2.4 Nonmetallic Materials
111 4-3 DESIGN OF COMPONENTS
4-3.1 Straight Piping Under External Pressure
112 4-3.2 Straight Piping Under Internal Pressure
4-3.3 Bending of Pipe and Tube
4-3.4 Stress Analysis of Piping Components
4-3.5 Pressure Design of Fabricated Joints and Intersections
4-3.6 Pressure Design of Bolted Flanges and Blanks
4-3.7 Design of Penetrations Through the Pressure Boundaries of PVHOs
4-4 SELECTION AND LIMITATIONS OF PIPING COMPONENTS
4-4.1 Pressure Requirements
4-4.2 Valves
113 4-4.3 Filters
4-4.4 Mufflers
4-5 SELECTION AND LIMITATIONS OF PIPING JOINTS
4-5.1 Welded Joints
4-5.2 Brazed Joints
4-5.3 Mechanical Joints
4-5.4 Threaded Joints
114 4-5.5 Joints and Fittings in Tubes
4-6 SUPPORTS
4-7 INSPECTION
4-7.1 Inspection of Welded Joints
4-7.2 Inspection of Brazed Joints
115 4-8 TESTING
4-8.1 Hydrostatic Tests
4-8.2 Pneumatic Tests
4-8.3 Leak Testing
4-9 SYSTEMS
116 4-9.1 System Design Requirements
4-9.2 Pressurization and Depressurization Systems
4-9.3 Pressure Boundary Valve Requirements
117 4-9.4 Pressure Gauges
4-9.5 Pressure Gauges Other Than Depth Gauges
4-9.6 Breathing Gas Systems
118 4-9.7 Pressure Control Valves
119 4-9.8 Pressure Relief Requirements
4-9.9 Color Coding
120 4-9.10 Labeling
4-9.11 Soft Goods
4-9.12 Lubricants and Sealants
4-9.13 Cleaning Requirements
4-9.14 Off-Gassing Test for Hoses Used for Breathing Gas Service
121 Table 4-2.1.1-1 Maximum Allowable Stress Values for Seamless Pipe and Tube Materials Not Listed in Nonmandatory Appendix A of ASME B31.1
Table 4-7.1-1 Mandatory Minimum Nondestructive Examinations for Pressure Welds in Piping Systems for Pressure Vessels for Human Occupancy
122 Figure 4-9.14.2-1 Flow Diagram of Apparatus for Measuring the Concentration of Hydrocarbons in a Stream of Air or Other Gas After It Has Passed Through a Test Hose
Table 4-9.14.2-1 Maximum Allowable Concentration of Hydrocarbons in Air Passing Through Hose
123 Section 5 Medical Hyperbaric Systems
5-1 GENERAL
5-1.1 Scope
5-1.2 User’s Design Specification
5-1.3 Documentation
5-1.4 Viewports
5-1.5 Quick-Actuating Closures
5-1.6 Personnel Entry Lock
5-1.7 Penetrations
5-1.8 Personnel Egress
124 5-1.9 Medical-Use PVHO Certifications
5-2 PVHO SYSTEM DESIGN
5-2.1 System Design Requirements
5-2.2 Pressure Boundary Valve Requirements
5-3 GAS SYSTEMS
5-3.1 Gas Supply Requirements
5-3.2 Breathing Devices
5-3.3 Breathing Device Gas Outlets
5-4 CONTROL SYSTEMS AND INSTRUMENTATION
5-4.1 Controls Location
5-4.2 Communications
5-5 ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
5-5.1 Environmental Conditions
125 5-5.2 Temperature
5-5.3 Humidity
5-5.4 Contaminants
5-5.5 Lighting
5-5.6 External Heat Sources
5-5.7 Access to Emergency Equipment
5-5.8 Suction Systems
5-5.9 Accidental Depressurization
5-6 INSTALLATION TESTING
5-6.1 Installation
5-6.2 Handover
126 Section 6 Diving Systems
6-1 GENERAL
6-1.1 Scope
6-1.2 User’s Design Specification
6-1.3 Design Certification
6-1.4 Documentation
127 6-1.5 Useful References
6-2 DESIGN
6-2.1 General
6-2.2 Design Loads
6-2.3 Environmental Requirements
6-2.4 Corrosion
6-2.5 External Pressure Rating
6-2.6 Impact Protection
6-2.7 Buoyancy
6-2.8 Occupant Requirements
128 6-2.9 Lubricants and Sealants
6-2.10 Material Toxicity (Including Paints)
6-2.11 Emergency Recovery of Diving Bells
6-3 PRESSURE BOUNDARY
6-3.1 Personnel Access Doors/Hatches
129 6-3.2 Medical/Service Locks
6-3.3 Closures
6-3.4 Quick-Acting Closures for Diving Bells and Hyperbaric Evacuation Systems
6-3.5 Trunks and Tunnels
130 6-3.6 Viewports
6-3.7 Lighting Devices
6-3.8 Service Penetrators
6-3.9 Electrical Penetrators
6-3.10 Fiber-Optic Penetrators
6-4 SYSTEMS
6-4.1 Life-Support Systems
132 6-4.2 Sanitary Systems
6-4.3 Electrical Systems
134 6-4.4 Lighting Systems
6-4.5 Communication Systems
6-4.6 Fire Protection and Detection Systems
6-5 HANDLING SYSTEMS
6-5.1 General
6-5.2 Design
135 6-5.3 Test and Trials
6-6 HYPERBARIC EVACUATION SYSTEMS
6-6.1 General
6-6.2 Hyperbaric Evacuation Unit User Requirements
136 6-6.3 Life-Support Package (LSP)
137 6-6.4 Hyperbaric Evacuation Launch Systems
6-6.5 HEU Interfaces
6-7 TESTING AND TRIALS
6-7.1 System Pressure Tests
6-7.2 System Functional Tests
138 Figure 6-6.2.2-1 Placement and Design of Markings for Hyperbaric Evacuation Units Designed to Float in Water
139 Figure 6-6.2.2-2 Markings for Hyperbaric Evacuation Units Designed to Float in Water
140 Section 7 Submersibles
7-1 GENERAL
7-1.1 Scope
7-1.2 General Requirements
7-1.3 User’s Design Specification
7-1.4 Design Certification
7-1.5 Documentation
141 7-1.6 Operations Manual
7-2 PRESSURE BOUNDARY
7-2.1 General
7-2.2 Hatches
7-2.3 Viewports
7-2.4 Penetrators
142 7-3 PIPING
7-3.1 Exceptions and Alternatives
7-3.2 Internal and External Pressures
7-3.3 Ambient Pressure
7-3.4 Inaccessible Spaces
7-3.5 Hull Valves
7-3.6 Plug Valves
7-3.7 Pressure Containers
143 7-4 ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS
7-4.1 General
7-4.2 Power Supplies
7-4.3 Electrical Cables
7-4.4 Battery Compartments
7-4.5 Emergency Lighting
7-5 LIFE SUPPORT
7-5.1 General
144 7-5.2 Main Life Support
7-5.3 Emergency Life Support
7-5.4 Consumption Rates
7-5.5 Oxygen Systems and Storage
7-5.6 Monitoring
7-6 FIRE PROTECTION
7-6.1 Materials
7-6.2 Toxicity
7-6.3 Smoke Detectors
7-6.4 Extinguishers
7-7 NAVIGATION
7-7.1 General
145 7-7.2 Propulsion
7-7.3 Depth Gauges
7-7.4 Depth Alarm
7-7.5 Obstacle Avoidance
7-7.6 Surfaced Detection
7-7.7 Submerged Detection
7-8 COMMUNICATIONS
7-8.1 General
7-8.2 VHF Radio
7-8.3 Underwater Telephone (UWT)
7-8.4 Pinger
7-9 INSTRUMENTATION
7-9.1 General
7-9.2 Water Intrusion
7-9.3 Power Levels
7-9.4 Voltage and Current Meters
7-9.5 Ground Faults
7-9.6 Ballast Water
7-10 BUOYANCY, STABILITY, EMERGENCY ASCENT, AND ENTANGLEMENT
7-10.1 General
146 7-10.2 Underwater Operation
7-10.3 Surfacing
7-10.4 Jettisoning System
7-10.5 Entanglement
7-11 EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT
7-11.1 Life Jackets
7-11.2 First Aid Kit
147 7-11.3 Thermal Protection
7-11.4 Rations
7-11.5 Tow Point
7-12 HADAL-ZONE SUBMERSIBLES
7-12.1 Reserve Power
7-12.2 Reserve Life Support
7-12.3 Buoyancy, Stability, Emergency Ascent, and Entanglement
148 MANDATORY APPENDICES
MANDATORY APPENDIX I REFERENCE CODES, STANDARDS, AND SPECIFICATIONS
150 MANDATORY APPENDIX II DEFINITIONS
156 NONMANDATORY APPENDICES
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX A DESIGN OF SUPPORTS AND LIFTING ATTACHMENTS
157 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX B RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE DESIGN OF THROUGH-PRESSURE BOUNDARY PENETRATIONS
B-1 GENERAL
B-2 PENETRATOR DESIGNS
B-3 COUPLING DETAILS
B-4 MATERIALS
158 Figure B-2-1 Acceptable Weld Nozzle Penetrators
159 Figure B-3-1 Acceptable Threads and Inserts
160 Table C-1 U.S. Navy Color Codes
Table C-2 IMO Color Codes
NONMANDATORY APPENDIX C RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR COLOR CODING AND LABELING
161 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX D GUIDELINES FOR THE SUBMISSION OF A CASE FOR THE USE OF NONSTANDARD DESIGNS, MATERIALS, AND CONSTRUCTION FOR NON-FLEXIBLE PVHO CHAMBER FABRICATION
D-1 INTRODUCTION
D-2 GENERAL
162 D-3 MATERIALS
D-4 DESIGN
D-5 TESTING
164 D-6 QUALITY ASSURANCE OVERVIEW BY AN INDEPENDENT THIRD-PARTY AGENT
D-7 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
167 Table D-7.1-1 Tabulated Data for Performance of “W-Test” for Normality of Data Set
168 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX E GUIDELINES FOR PREPARING A PERFORMANCE-BASED CASE FOR FLEXIBLE PVHO CHAMBERS AND SYSTEMS
E-1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
169 E-2 DESIGN
171 E-3 MATERIALS
173 E-4 QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM
175 E-5 TESTING
179 E-6 DOCUMENTATION
E-7 MARKING
181 Table E-1.1-1 Compliance Matrix for ASME PVHO-1 Cases
195 Figure E-3.3.1-1 Cook’s Diagram: Atmosphere of Increased Burning Rate
196 Figure E-5.2.2.1-1 Number of Test Samples Required for Alternate Creep Test Procedure
197 Figure E-5.2.5.1-1 Time Versus Test Temperature for Accelerated Aging Test
198 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX F USEFUL REFERENCES
200 NONMANDATORY APPENDIX G ALTERNATIVE DESIGN RULES FOR EXTERNAL PRESSURE VESSELS
G-1 GENERAL
G-2 NOMENCLATURE
201 G-3 MATERIALS
202 G-4 STIFFENED AND UNSTIFFENED CYLINDERS
203 G-5 MINIMUM REQUIRED THICKNESS FOR UNSTIFFENED SPHERES AND FORMED HEADS
204 G-6 PRESSURE TESTING FOR ALTERNATIVE DESIGN RULES
205 Figure G-1-1 Geometry of Cylinders
206 Figure G-1-2 Stiffener Geometry
Figure G-1-3 Sections Through Rings
207 Figure G-5-1 Values of t/Ro and Lc/Ro
ASME PVHO 1 2023
$98.04