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ASTM-A709/A709M 2017

ASTM-A709/A709M 2017

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A709/A709M-17 Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges

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ASTM 2017 8
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ASTM A709/A709M-17

Historical Standard: Standard Specification for Structural Steel for Bridges

ASTM A709/A709M

Scope

1.1 This specification covers carbon and high-strength low-alloy steel structural shapes, plates, and bars, quenched and tempered alloy steel, and stainless steel for structural plates intended for use in bridges. Eight grades are available in four yield strength levels as follows:

1.1.1 Grades 36 [250], 50 [345], 50S [345S], 50W [345W], and 50CR [345CR] are also included in Specifications A36/A36M, A572/A572M, A992/A992M, A588/A588M, and A1010/A1010M (UNS S41003), respectively. When the requirements of Table 10 or Table 11 or the supplementary requirements of this specification are specified, they exceed the requirements of Specifications A36/A36M, A572/A572M, A992/A992M, A588/A588M, and A1010/A1010M (UNS S41003). Product availability is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Tensile and Hardness RequirementsA

Note 1: Where โ€œ.โ€‰.โ€‰.โ€ appears in this table, there is no requirement.

(A) See specimen orientation and preparation subsection in the Tension Tests section of Specification A6/A6M.
(B) Measured at 0.2โ€‰% offset or 0.5โ€‰% extension under load as described in Section 13 of Test Methods A370.
(C) Elongation and reduction of area not required to be determined for floor plates.
(D) For plates wider than 24 in. [600 mm], the reduction of area requirement, where applicable, is reduced by five percentage points.
(E) For plates wider than 24 in. [600 mm], the elongation requirement is reduced by two percentage points. See elongation requirement adjustments in the Tension Tests section of Specification A6/A6M.
(F) Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm: 19โ€‰% for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. [75 mm].
(G) Not applicable.
(H) The yield to tensile ratio shall be 0.87 or less for shapes that are tested from the web location; for all other shapes, the requirement is 0.85.
(I) A maximum yield strength of 70 ksi [480 MPa] is permitted for structural shapes that are required to be tested from the web location.
(J) For wide flange shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. [75 mm], elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm of 18โ€‰% minimum applies.
(K) If measured on the Fig. 3 (Test Methods A370) 11/2-in. [40โ€“mm] wide specimen, the elongation is determined in a 2-in. or 50-mm gage length that includes the fracture and shows the greatest elongation.
(L) 40โ€‰% minimum applies if measured on the Fig 3 (Test Methods A370) 11/2-in. [40-mm] wide specimen; 50โ€‰% minimum applies if measured on the Fig. 4 (Test Methods A370) 1/2-in. [12.5-mm] round specimen.
(M) Not applicable to Fracture Critical Tension Components (see Table 11).

1.1.2 Grades 50W [345W], 50CR [345CR], HPS 50W [HPS 345W], HPS 70W [HPS 485W], and HPS 100W [HPS 690W] have enhanced atmospheric corrosion resistance (see 13.1.2). Product availability is shown in Table 1.

TABLE 2 Grade 36 [250] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)

Note 1: Where โ€œ.โ€‰.โ€‰.โ€ appears in this table there is no requirement. The heat analysis for manganese shall be determined and reported as described in the Heat Analysis section of Specification A6/A6M.

(A) Manganese content of 0.85 to 1.35โ€‰% and silicon content of 0.15 to 0.40โ€‰% is required for shapes with flange thickness over 3 in. [75 mm].
(B) For each reduction of 0.01โ€‰% below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06โ€‰% manganese above the specified maximum will be permitted up to a maximum of 1.35โ€‰%.

TABLE 3 Grade 50 [345] Chemical RequirementsAโ€‰(Heat Analysis)

(A)โ€‰Copper when specified shall have a minimum content of 0.20 % by heat analysis (0.18 % by product analysis).
(B) Manganese, minimum by heat analysis of 0.80 % (0.75 % by product analysis) shall be required for all plates over 3/8 in. [10 mm] in thickness; a minimum of 0.50 % (0.45 % by product analysis) shall be required for plates 3/8 in. [10 mm] and less in thickness, and for all other products. The manganese to carbon ratio shall not be less than 2 to 1. For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified carbon maximum, an increase of 0.06 percentage point manganese above the specified maximum is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.60 %.
(C) A maximum phosphorus content of 0.04 % and a maximum sulfur content of 0.05 % are permitted for the following materials:

ยท Structural shapes

ยท Bars

ยท Plates with widths up to and including 15 in. [380 mm]

(D)โ€‰Silicon content in excess of 0.40 % by heat analysis must be negotiated.
(E) Columbium and niobium are interchangeable names for the same element.

TABLE 4 Grade 50 [345] Alloy Content

(A) Alloy content shall be in accordance with Type 1, 2, or 3 and the contents of the applicable elements shall be reported on the test report.
(B) Columbium and niobium are interchangeable names for the same element.
(C) Product analysis limits = 0.004 to 0.06 %.
(D) Product analysis limits = 0.005 to 0.17 %.
(E) Product analysis limits = 0.01 to 0.16 %.

TABLE 5 Grade 50CR [345CR] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)

Note 1: Where โ€œ.โ€‰.โ€‰.โ€ appears in this table there is no requirement.

TABLE 6 Grade 50W [345 W] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)

Note 1: Types A and B are equivalent to Specification A588/A588M, Grades A and B, respectively.

(A) Weldability data for these types have been qualified by FHWA for use in bridge construction.
(B) For each reduction of 0.01 percentage point below the specified maximum for carbon, an increase of 0.06 percentage point above the specified maximum for manganese is permitted, up to a maximum of 1.50โ€‰%.
(C) A maximum phosphorus content of 0.04 % and a maximum sulfur content of 0.05 % are permitted for the following materials:

ยท Structural shapes

ยท Bars

ยท Plates with widths up to and including 15 in. [380 mm]

TABLE 7 Grades HPS 50W [HPS 345W] and HPS 70W [HPS 485 W], and HPS 100W [HPS 690W] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)

Note 1: Where โ€œ.โ€‰.โ€‰.โ€ appears in this table, there is no requirement.

(A) The steel shall be calcium treated for sulfide shape control.
(B) Columbium and niobium are interchangeable names for the same element.

TABLE 8 Grade 50S [345S] Chemical Requirements (Heat Analysis)

(A) Provided that the ratio of manganese to sulfur is not less than 20 to 1, the minimum limit for manganese for shapes with flange or leg thickness not exceeding 1 in. [25 mm] shall be 0.30 %.
(B) The sum of columbium (niobium) and vanadium shall not exceed 0.15 %.
(C) Columbium and niobium are interchangeable names for the same element.

TABLE 9 Relationship Between Impact Testing Temperature Zones and Minimum Service Temperature

1.2 Grade HPS 70W [HPS 485W] or HPS 100W [HPS 690W] shall not be substituted for Grades 36 [250], 50 [345], 50S [345S], 50W [345W], or HPS 50W [HPS 345W]. Grade 50W [345W], or HPS 50W [HPS 345W] shall not be substituted for Grades 36 [250], 50 [345] or 50S [345S] without agreement between the purchaser and the supplier.

1.3 When the steel is to be welded, it is presupposed that a welding procedure suitable for the grade of steel and intended use or service will be utilized. See Appendix X3 of Specification A6/A6M for information on weldability.

1.4 For structural products to be used as tension components requiring notch toughness testing, standardized requirements are provided in this standard, and they are based upon American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) requirements for both fracture critical and non-fracture critical members.

1.5 Supplementary requirements are available but shall apply only if specified in the purchase order.

1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1.7 For structural products produced from coil and furnished without heat treatment or with stress relieving only, the additional requirements, including additional testing requirements and the reporting of additional test results, of Specification A6/A6M apply.

1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Keywords

alloy; atmospheric corrosion resistance; bars; bridges; carbon; fracture-critical; high-strength; low-alloy; non-fracture critical; plates; quenched; shapes; steel; structural steel; tempered;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 77.140.10 (Heat-treatable steels)

DOI: 10.1520/A0709_A0709M-17

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