ASTM-D2036 2009

$44.96

D2036-09 Standard Test Methods for Cyanides in Water

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
ASTM	2009	20

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Categories: 13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances, ASTM

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Description

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of cyanides in water. The following test methods are included:

1.2 Cyanogen halides may be determined separately.

Note 1Cyanogen chloride is the most common of the cyanogen halide complexes as it is a reaction product and is usually present when chlorinating cyanide-containing industrial waste water. For the presence or absence of CNCl, the spot test method given in Annex A1 can be used.

1.3 These test methods do not distinguish between cyanide ions and metallocyanide compounds and complexes. Furthermore, they do not detect the cyanates. Cyanates can be determined using ion chromatography without digestion.

Note 2The cyanate complexes are decomposed when the sample is acidified in the distillation procedure.

1.4 The cyanide in cyanocomplexes of gold, platinum, cobalt and some other transition metals is not completely recovered by these test methods. Refer to Test Method D6994 for the determination of cyanometal complexes.

1.5 Cyanide from only a few organic cyanides are recovered, and those only to a minor extent.

1.6 Part or all of these test methods have been used successfully with reagent water and various waste waters. It is the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.

1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in sections 5.1, 8.8, 8.18, 9, 11.3, and 16.1.9.

12.1 This test method covers the determination of cyanides in water, including the iron cyanide complexes (total cyanide).

12.2 The cyanide in some cyano complexes of transition metals, for example, cobalt, gold, platinum, etc., is not determined.

12.3 The cyanide concentration can be determined with titration, IC-PAD, colorimetric, selective ion electrode procedure, or flow injection analysis with gas diffusion separation and amperometric detection as described in Test Method D6888 .

12.4 This test method has been used successfully on reagent and surface water and coke plant, refinery, and sanitary waste waters. It is the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.

12.5 Because of the sample preservation, certain suspended and/or colloidal forms of metal cyanide complexes such as those from iron and copper will dissolve prior to the distillation step. The recovery of this cyanide may depend on solution parameters such as the cyanide concentration in suspended solids, ionic strength of the sample, sample temperature, acid digestion times, and so forth.

19.1 This test method covers the determination of cyanides amenable to chlorination in water.

19.2 Iron cyanides are the most commonly encountered compounds not amenable to chlorination.

19.3 This test method has been used on reagent, surface, and industrial waste waters. It is the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.

26.1 This test method covers the determination of cyanide compounds and weak acid dissociable complexes in water.

26.2 The thiocyanate content of a sample usually does not cause interference.

26.3 Any of the three procedures, titration, colorimetric, or selective ion electrode, can be used to determine the cyanide content of the absorption solution. The lower limits of detectability are the same as for Test Method A.

26.4 This test method has been used successfully on reagent and surface water and coke plant, refinery and sanitary waste waters. It is the user’s responsibility to assure the validity of the test method for the water matrix being tested.

33.1 This test method covers the determination of free CN ^? and CN ^? complexes that are amenable to chlorination in water. The procedure does not measure cyanates nor iron cyanide complexes. It does, however, determine cyanogen chloride and thiocyanate.

33.2 Modification is outlined for its use in the presence of thiocyanate.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	Scope Referenced Documents
2	Terminology Summary of Test Methods Significance and Use Interferences Apparatus FIG. 1
3	Reagents and Materials
4	Hazards Sample and Sample Preservation Elimination of Interferences
5	Scope Interferences Apparatus Reagents and Materials Procedure
6	TABLE 1 TABLE 2
7	Calculation Precision and Bias
8	Scope Interferences Apparatus Reagents and Materials Procedure TABLE 3 TABLE 4
9	Calculation Precision and Bias Scope Interferences TABLE 5
10	Apparatus Reagents and Materials Procedure Calculation Precision and Bias TABLE 6 TABLE 7
11	Scope Interferences Apparatus Reagents and Materials TABLE 8
12	Standardization Procedure Precision and Bias Quality Assurance/Quality Control TABLE 9
13	TABLE 10 TABLE 11
14	Keywords A1. SPOT TEST FOR SAMPLE SCREENING A1.1 Scope A1.2 Interferences A1.3 Apparatus A1.4 Reagents and Materials A1.5 Procedure
15	X1. CYANIDE X1.1 Introductory Comments X1.2 Molecular Hydrogen Cyanide, Cyanides Amenable to Chlorination, Iron Cyanides
16	X1.3 The Iron Cyanides Undergo Dissociation from Photodecomposition X1.4 Dilution and Dispersion of the Treated Waste in the Receiving Waters X1.5 Cyanogen Chloride FIG. X1.1
17	X1.6 Cyanate Compounds X1.7 Thiocyanate Compounds X1.8 Total Cyanide
18	X1.9 Cyanide in Solid Waste REFERENCES TABLE X1.1

Additional information

	Sections
Test Method C Weak Acid Dissociable Cyanides	26 to 32
Test Method B Cyanides Amenable to Chlorination by Difference	19 to 25
Test Method A Total Cyanides after Distillation	12 to 18
Test Method D Cyanides Amenable to Chlorination without Distillation (Short-Cut Method)	33 to 39
ICS Codes	13.060.50 - Examination of water for chemical substances

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ASTM-D2036 2009

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