AWWA E200 2023

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AWWA E200-23 Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pumps

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
AWWA	2023	28

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Description

This standard provides minimum requirements for progressive cavity chemical metering pumps used with polymers and aggressive chemicals including sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ferric chloride (FeCL3), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and other strong acids and bases. This standard includes design, materials, application, testing, and delivery of these metering pumps.

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1	Document Article Figure E200-23 E200-23 ANSI/AWWA (Revision of ANSI/AWWA E200-18) Ideal crop marks Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pumps Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pumps Eﬀective date: Oct. 1, 2023. First edition approved by Board of Directors Jan. 20, 2018. This edition approved June 9, 2023. Approved by American National Standards Institute May 23, 2023. Figure Since 1881SM Figure
2	AWWA Standard AWWA Standard This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification. AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative information normally contained in specifications. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard does not constitute endorsement of American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Sta Caution Notice: The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of ANSI approval. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the America [email protected] ISBN-13, print: 978-1-64717-144-5 ISBN-13, electronic: 978-1-61300-675-7 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12999/AWWA.E200.23 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including scanning, recording, or any information or retrieval system. Reproduction and commercial use of this material is prohibited, except with written permission from the publisher. Please send any requests or questions to [email protected]. Copyright © 2023 by American Water Works Association Printed in USA Span All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including scanning, recording, or any information or retrieval system. Reproduction and commercial use of this material is prohibited, except with written permission from the publisher. Please send any requests or questions to [email protected].
3	Committee Personnel Committee Personnel The AWWA Standards Committee on Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pumps, which reviewed and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: Michael Stickley, Chair General Interest Members C.S. Frizzell, CDM Smith, Maitland, Fla. J.Hrdlicka(liaison, nonvoting), Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. E.Lutz, Mott Macdonald, Iselin, N.J. M.Stickley, Jacobs Engineering, Birmingham, Ala. B.M. Van Nortwick Jr. (liaison, nonvoting), Standards Council Liaison, American Water, Camden,N.J. Z.R. Yu (alternate), Waterloo, Ont., Canada Producer Members W.Kimbell, Clearwater Separation Systems Inc., Midlothian, Tex. User Members M.G. O’Connell, Suffolk County Water Authority, Bay Shore, N.Y. P.E. Senesac, P&H Senesac, Inc., Milton, Vt.
5	Contents Contents All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this format may be found in a particular standard. SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE Foreword Foreword Foreword Foreword Foreword I.Introduction. …………………………….. vii I.Introduction. …………………………….. vii I.Introduction. …………………………….. vii I.A Background ………………………………. vii I.A Background ………………………………. vii I.A Background ………………………………. vii I.B History …………………………………….. vii I.B History …………………………………….. vii I.B History …………………………………….. vii I.C Acceptance ……………………………….. viii I.C Acceptance ……………………………….. viii I.C Acceptance ……………………………….. viii II.Special Issues …………………………….. ix II.Special Issues …………………………….. ix II.Special Issues …………………………….. ix II.A Chlorine and Chloramine II.A Chlorine and Chloramine II.A Chlorine and Chloramine Degradation of Elastomers …….. ix Degradation of Elastomers …….. ix III Use of This Standard. …………………. ix III Use of This Standard. …………………. ix III Use of This Standard. …………………. ix III.A Purchaser Options and III.A Purchaser Options and III.A Purchaser Options and Span Alternatives …………………………. ix Alternatives …………………………. ix IV Major Revisions. ………………………… x IV Major Revisions. ………………………… x IV Major Revisions. ………………………… x V Comments ……………………………….. x V Comments ……………………………….. x V Comments ……………………………….. x Standard Standard Standard 1 General 1 General 1 General 1.1 Scope……………………………………….. 1 1.1 Scope……………………………………….. 1 1.1 Scope……………………………………….. 1 1.2 Purpose ……………………………………. 1 1.2 Purpose ……………………………………. 1 1.2 Purpose ……………………………………. 1 1.3 Application ……………………………….. 1 1.3 Application ……………………………….. 1 1.3 Application ……………………………….. 1 2 References ……………………………….. 2 2 References ……………………………….. 2 2 References ……………………………….. 2 3 Definitions ………………………………. 3 3 Definitions ………………………………. 3 3 Definitions ………………………………. 3 4 Requirements 4 Requirements 4 Requirements 4.1 Materials ………………………………….. 6 4.1 Materials ………………………………….. 6 4.1 Materials ………………………………….. 6 4.2 Pump Design ……………………………. 8 4.2 Pump Design ……………………………. 8 4.2 Pump Design ……………………………. 8 5 Verification ………………………………. 14 5 Verification ………………………………. 14 5 Verification ………………………………. 14 5.1 Factory Tests ……………………………… 14 5.1 Factory Tests ……………………………… 14 5.1 Factory Tests ……………………………… 14 5.2 Basis for Rejection ……………………… 14 5.2 Basis for Rejection ……………………… 14 5.2 Basis for Rejection ……………………… 14 6 Delivery, Preparation for 6 Delivery, Preparation for 6 Delivery, Preparation for Shipment, and Affidavit Shipment, and Affidavit 6.1 Marking …………………………………… 15 6.1 Marking …………………………………… 15 6.1 Marking …………………………………… 15 6.2 Packaging and Shipping ……………… 15 6.2 Packaging and Shipping ……………… 15 6.2 Packaging and Shipping ……………… 15 6.3 Storage …………………………………….. 16 6.3 Storage …………………………………….. 16 6.3 Storage …………………………………….. 16 6.4 Operation and Maintenance ………… 16 6.4 Operation and Maintenance ………… 16 6.4 Operation and Maintenance ………… 16 6.5 Affidavit of Compliance ……………… 16 6.5 Affidavit of Compliance ……………… 16 6.5 Affidavit of Compliance ……………… 16 Appendix Appendix Appendix A Material Data Sheet ……………………. 17 Material Data Sheet ……………………. 17 Figures 1 Typical Progressive Cavity Chemical 1 Typical Progressive Cavity Chemical 1 Typical Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pump ……………………. 3 Metering Pump ……………………. 3 2 Stages ………………………………………. 3 2 Stages ………………………………………. 3 2 Stages ………………………………………. 3 3 The Number of Stages Determines 3 The Number of Stages Determines 3 The Number of Stages Determines The Pressure Capacity of a The Pressure Capacity of a Progressing Cavity Pump ……….. 9 Progressing Cavity Pump ……….. 9 TOCI Span
7	Foreword Foreword This foreword is for information only and is not a part of ANSI/AWWA E200. American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036. *American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036. I.Introduction. I.A. Background. This standard describes the minimum requirements forprogressive cavity chemical metering pumps for water and wastewater treatment systems. This standard covers progressive cavity chemical metering pumps for materials resistant to aggressive chemicals including sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ferric chloride (FeCl), sulfuric acid (HSO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and other strong acids and bases. 3 2 4 A progressive cavity chemical metering pump is a type of positive displacement pump and is also known as a progressing cavity pump, pro-cav pump, eccentric screw pump, or cavity pump. It transfers fluid by means of the progress, through the pump, of a sequence of small, fixed-shape, discrete cavities as its rotor turns. This leads to the volumetric flow being proportional to the rotation rate and to low levels of shear being applied to the pumped fluid. Hence, these pumps have application in fluid metering I.B. History. While inventing a compressor for jet engines, aviation pioneerRené Moineau discovered in 1930 that this principle could also work as a pumping system. The University of Paris awarded Moineau a doctorate of science for his thesis on “the new capsulism.” His pioneering dissertation laid the groundwork for the modern progressive cavity pump. † Pumps & Systems. The History of Pumps: Through the Years. (accessed Sept. 4, 2023). Pumps & Systems. The History of Pumps: Through the Years. (accessed Sept. 4, 2023). † www.pumpsandsystems.com/topics/ pumps/pumps/history-pumps-through-years?page=3 In 2015, AWWA’s Standards Council approved development of a new standard for Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pumps. The new standard was assigned to AWWA Standards Committee 273 for Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pumps. This first edition of ANSI/AWWA E200 was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors on Jan. 20, 2018. This edition was approved on June 9, 2023.
8	I.C. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency(USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF International (NSF) to develop voluntary third-party consensus standards and a certification program for direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of the original consortium included the Water Research Foundation (formerly AwwaRF) and the Conference of State Health and Environmental Managers (COSHEM). The American Water Works Association (AWWA) and t In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact with, drinking water rests with individual states. Local agencies may choose to impose requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state and local agencies may use various references, including ‡ Persons outside the United States should contact the appropriate authority having jurisdiction. Persons outside the United States should contact the appropriate authority having jurisdiction. ‡ 1.Specific policies of the state or local agency. 2.Four standards developed under the direction of NSF: NSF/ANSI/CAN 60, Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals—Health Effects; NSF/ANSI/CAN 61, Drinking Water System Components—Health Effects; NSF/ANSI/CAN 372, Drinking Water System Components—Lead Content; and NSF/ANSI/CAN 600, Health Effects Evaluation and Criteria for Chemicals in Drinking Water. § NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105. NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105. § ¶ Standards Council of Canada, 55 Metcalfe Street, Suite 600, Ottawa, ON K1P 6L5 Canada. Standards Council of Canada, 55 Metcalfe Street, Suite 600, Ottawa, ON K1P 6L5 Canada. ¶ 3.Other references, including AWWA standards, Food Chemicals Codex, WaterChemicals Codex, and other standards considered appropriate by the state or local agency. Both publications available from National Academy of Sciences, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington,DC 20001. ** Both publications available from National Academy of Sciences, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington,DC 20001. Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in accordance with NSF/ANSI/CAN 61. Individual states or local agencies have authority to accept or accredit certification organizations within their jurisdiction. Accreditation of certification organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
9	NSF/ANSI/CAN 600 (which formerly appeared in NSF/ANSI/CAN 60 & 61 as Annex A, “Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures”) does not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not regulated by a USEPA final maximum contaminant level (MCL). The MALs of an unspecified list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity testing guidelines (noncarcinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of NSF/ANSI/CAN 600 procedures may not always be identical, dep ANSI/AWWA E200 does not address additives requirements. Users of this standard should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in order to 1.Determine additives requirements, including applicable standards. 2.Determine the status of certifications by parties offering to certify productsfor contact with, or treatment of, drinking water. 3.Determine current information on product certification. II.Special Issues. II.A. Chlorine and Chloramine Degradation of Elastomers. The selectionof materials is critical for water service and distribution piping in locations where there is a possibility that elastomers will be in contact with chlorine or chloramines. Documented research has shown that elastomers such as gaskets, seals, valve seats, and encapsulations may be degraded when exposed to chlorine or chloramines. The impact of degradation is a function of the type of elastomeric material, chemical concentration, contact III.Use of This Standard. It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWAstandard to determine that the products described in that standard are suitable for use in the particular application being considered. III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. The following information shall beprovided by the purchaser: 1.Standard used—that is, ANSI/AWWA E200, Progressive Cavity ChemicalMetering Pumps, of latest revision. 2.Whether compliance with NSF/ANSI/CAN 61, Drinking Water SystemComponents—Health Effects, is required or not. 3.Details of federal, state, provincial, territorial, and local requirements(Sec. 4.1.1). Span
10	4. Request for elastomer test coupons (Sec. 4.1.2.2). 5. Request for stator dimensions (Sec. 4.1.4.2). 6. Request for quality measurement certificates (Sec. 4.1.4.2.2). 7. Apparent viscosity test requirements (Sec. 4.2.2.1.1). 8. Drive accuracy (Sec. 4.2.5.1). 9. Required turn down (Sec. 4.2.5.1.1). 10. Minimum dry film thickness other than 3 mils (Sec. 4.2.10.1). 11. Field top-coating (Sec. 4.2.10.2). 12. Required holiday testing (Sec. 4.2.11). 13. Required run-dry protection (Sec. 4.2.14). 14. Written instructions for storage requirements (Sec. 6.3.2). 15. Request for Affidavit of Compliance from manufacturer (Sec. 6.5). IV. Major Revisions. 1. Addition of language to be consistent with AWWA Standards Council guidelines. 2. Removal of vibration testing requirements as not applicable to Hydraulic Institute (HI) technical directive 14.6 (Sec. 4.2). V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard, please call AWWA Engineering and Technical Services at 303.794.7711; write to the department at 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO 80235-3098, or e-mail at . [email protected]
11	E200-23 E200-23 ANSI/AWWA (Revision of ANSI/AWWA E200-18) ® AWWA Standard AWWA Standard Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pumps Span SECTION 1: GENERAL Sec. 1.1 Scope This standard provides minimum requirements for progressive cavity chemical metering pumps used with polymers and aggressive chemicals including sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), ferric chloride (FeCl), sulfuric acid (HSO), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and other strong acids and bases. This standard includes design, materials, application, testing, and delivery of these metering pumps. 3 2 4 Sec. 1.2 Purpose The purpose of this standard is to provide minimum requirements for progressive cavity chemical metering pumps suitable for water and wastewater service, including design, materials, application, testing, and delivery. Sec. 1.3 Application This standard can be referenced by the purchaser for pumps described in Sec. 1.1.
12	SECTION 2: REFERENCES This standard references the following documents. In their latest editions, they form a part of this standard to the extent specified within the standard. In any case of conflict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail. 3-A* Sanitary Standards for Centrifugal and Positive Rotary Pumps, Number 02–11 * 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc., 6888 Elm Street, Suite 2D, McLean, VA 22101. * 3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc., 6888 Elm Street, Suite 2D, McLean, VA 22101. AISI 4150 Alloy Steel (UNS G41500) † American Iron and Steel Institute, 25 Massachusetts Avenue NW Suite 800, Washington, DC 20001. American Iron and Steel Institute, 25 Massachusetts Avenue NW Suite 800, Washington, DC 20001. † ANSI/AWWA C207—Steel Pipe Flanges for Waterworks Service, Sizes 4 In. Through 144 In. (100 mm Through 3,600 mm) ‡ American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036. American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036. ‡ ANSI/AWWA C550—Protective Interior Coatings for Valves and Hydrants ANSI/HI 1.6—Centrifugal Pump Tests § Hydraulic Institute, 300 Interpace Parkway, Bldg. A 3rd Floor, Parsippany, NJ 07054. Hydraulic Institute, 300 Interpace Parkway, Bldg. A 3rd Floor, Parsippany, NJ 07054. § API STD 676 (R2015) Positive Displacement Pumps—Rotary (3rd edition) ¶ American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. American Petroleum Institute, 1220 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. ¶ ASME B16.1—Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: Classes 25, 125, and 250 ASME, Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. ASME, Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. ASME B16.5—Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings: NPS 1/2 Through NPS 24 Metric/Inch Standard. ASTM D1418-17 Standard Practice for Rubber and Rubber Latices—Nomenclature †† ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. †† ISO 9001:2015 Quality Management Systems ‡‡ International Organization for Standardization, ISO Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland. International Organization for Standardization, ISO Central Secretariat, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland. ‡‡ ISO 1629:2013 Rubber and Latices—Nomenclature NEMA MG 1—Motors and Generators §§ National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 17th St N #900, Arlington, VA 22209. National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 17th St N #900, Arlington, VA 22209. §§ NSF/ANSI/CAN61—Drinking Water System Components—Health Effects ¶¶ NSF International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105. NSF International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105. ¶¶ * * Standards Council of Canada, 55 Metcalfe Street, Suite 600, Ottawa, ON K1P 6L5 Canada. * Standards Council of Canada, 55 Metcalfe Street, Suite 600, Ottawa, ON K1P 6L5 Canada. SSPC–SP 6—Commercial Blast Cleaning ††† Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP), 800 Trumbull Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15205. Association for Materials Protection and Performance (AMPP), 800 Trumbull Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15205. ††† SSPC–SP 10—Near-White Metal Blast Cleaning
13	SECTION 3: DEFINITIONS The following definitions shall apply in this standard: 1. Capacity: The flow of the pump is directly proportional to the cross-sectional area of the opening of the stator, less the cross-sectional area of the rotor times the velocity of the liquid through the pump. Capacity is equal to the number of revolutions per unit of time multiplied by the pitch length of the stator. In a pump with a double helix for the rotor and a triple internal helix for the stator, each revolution of the rotor moves the cavity two full pitch lengths of the stator. 2. Cavity: Cavities in a progressive cavity chemical metering pump (Figure 1) are formed between the rotor and stator. The cavity is the space formed between the rotor and stator when the rotor turns (Figure 2). When the rotor turns, the cavities progress from the suction to the discharge of the pump. If the rotor rotation is reversed, the cavities progress in the opposite direction. As one cavity diminishes, the following cavity enlarges. Figure 3 StageRotorStator1 StageCavityStator Courtesy of Seepex, Inc. Courtesy of Seepex, Inc. Figure 1 Typical progressive cavity chemical metering pump Courtesy of Seepex, Inc. Courtesy of Seepex, Inc. Figure 2 Stages
14	3. Cut-off pressure switch: A switch employed to prevent a pump from operating against a closed system or low-supply level. Positive displacement pumps will continue to deliver fluid until there is an electrical overload. 4. Manufacturer: The party that manufactures, fabricates, or produces materials or products. 5. Net Positive Suction Head Available (NPSH): A measure of the available pressure at the suction side of the pump, including atmospheric pressure and vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped. NPSHA shall be calculated using the piping, temperature, elevation, viscosity, and vapor pressure of the liquid. A 6. Net Positive Suction Head Required (NPSH): A measure of the required pressure at the suction side of the pump, including atmospheric pressure and vapor pressure of the liquid being pumped. R 7. Over-pressure protection: A means to protect a metering pump from being exposed to excessive pressure which would result in the failure of pump internal components and/or external piping system. 8. Pitch length: The length of the helix on either the rotor or the stator from the starting point to where the helix has rotated a complete 360°. 9. Potable water: Water that is safe and satisfactory for drinking and cooking. 10. Pressure capacity: Pump pressure rating that is determined by the number of stages. A two-stage pump has twice the pressure capacity of a single-stage pump, and a three-stage pump has three times the pressure capacity of a single-stage pump. 11. Progressive cavity chemical metering pump: A pump that captures liquid in a defined cavity and moves it from a low-pressure source to a high-pressure destination. The rotor seals tightly against the stator as it rotates, forming a set of fixed-size cavities. The cross-sectional diameter of the fluid never changes; the pump does not pulsate. 12. Purchaser: The person, company, or organization that purchases any materials or work to be performed. 13. Reclaimed water: Wastewater that becomes suitable for beneficial use as a result of treatment. 14. Rotor: A rotating component, usually made of metal, that has been machined into the form of a single eccentric external helix defined by three characteristic dimensions: the simple diameter, the eccentricity, and the pitch length (Figure 2).
15	15. Seal: A device that prevents leakage around the pump shaft. May be mechanical or packing based upon purchaser’s preference, budget, and if a flushing system is required to protect the seal and shaft based upon liquid being conveyed. Care needs to be taken regarding which type of sealing system is used. Factors that determine the type of seal include the corrosiveness of the pumped fluids, the presence and characteristics of any particles in the fluid, the ability of the fluid to harden or crystalize in A 16. Slip: The difference between the capacity at zero differential pressure and some elevated pressure. It is affected by fluid viscosity, the amount of compression between the rotor and stator, and the pressure per stage. 17. Stage: One complete revolution of the stator helix or the pitch length of the stator. 18. Starting torque: The torque that the electrical motor must provide when it starts the pump from rest or zero speed. 19. Stator: A stationary component that is characterized by an internal double helix, when fitted with a single helix rotor. The stator in a progressive cavity chemical metering pump must have one helix more than what is employed for the external helix on the rotor (Figure 2). The fit between the rotor and stator is a compression fit with the rotor from 0.5 mm (0.020 in.) to 1.0 mm (0.040 in.) larger than the small internal diameter of the stator. 20. Supplier: The party that supplies material or services. A supplier may or may not be the manufacturer. 21. Turn-down ratio: The ratio of the maximum pump output to the minimum pump output while the pump performs within the specified accuracy rating. 22. Viscosity: A measure of the capacity of a substance to resist flow. Viscosity is the ratio of the shear stress rate to the rate of shear strain. Viscosity is expressed in units of stress time. Water at 68°F (20°C) has a viscosity of 0.0208 lbf·s/ft (1.002 × 10 Pa·s or 1.002 cP). 2 –3 23. Volumetric efficiency: Determined by dividing the actual flow delivered by a pump at a given pressure by its theoretical flow. Theoretical flow is calculated by multiplying the pump’s displacement per revolution by its driven speed. If the pump has a displacement of 100 ml/rev and is being driven at 1,000 rpm, its theoretical flow is 100 L/min.
16	24. Wastewater: A combination of the liquid and water-carried waste from residences, commercial buildings, industrial plants, and institutions, together with any groundwater, surface water, and stormwater that may be present. SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS Sec. 4.1 Materials 4.1.1 Regulatory requirements. Materials shall comply with the requirements of the Safe Drinking Water Act and applicable federal, state, provincial, territorial, or other authoritative regulations for potable water, wastewater, and reclaimed water systems. 4.1.1.1 NSF/ANSI 61. Coatings, lubricants, and temporary corrosion prevention compounds shall comply with all applicable requirements of NSF/ANSI 61. 4.1.2 Chemical resistance. Elastomers, metals, external coatings, mounting hardware, mechanical and electrical components, and plastic materials that contact feed chemicals shall be resistant to these chemicals. 4.1.2.1 Chemical feed temperature. Elastomer material used in the stator shall be resistant to chemical feed temperature. 4.1.2.2 Test coupons. If required in the purchase documents, the manufacturer shall provide test coupons for elastomers used. 4.1.2.3 Immersion test. A two-week immersion test shall not change elastomer volume by more than 5 percent. 4.1.2.3.1 Elastomer volume shall be measured by either before-and-after immersion displacement or diameter-and-thickness measurements. 4.1.2.3.2 Hardness shall be measured on the Shore Instrument “A” scale and shall not exceed 10 percent. 4.1.3 Rotors. Rotor material shall be mild steel such as AISI 4150; tool steel such as D-2 that can be air-hardened to >60 on the Rockwell “C” scale; 316 stainless steel; Hastelloy; titanium; duplex stainless steel (22-05 or 17-4 PH); or Alloy 20. Rotors may also be made of specific plastics to suit a particular application. 4.1.3.1 Tolerances. Rotor tolerances shall be held to a total variance of 100 µm or 0.004 in. 4.1.3.2 Coatings. Coatings such as hard chrome or tungsten carbide shall be applied to steel to increase abrasion resistance.
17	4.1.3.2.1 Hard chrome or tungsten carbide coatings shall be used if a slurry or particles are being pumped. 4.1.3.2.2 Hard chrome or tungsten carbide coatings shall not be used on applications where the pH is low or high (less than 5 or greater than 9) enough to attack either the base metal or the coating. 4.1.3.2.3 Hard chrome or tungsten carbide coatings shall not be used on NaOCl or CaOCl applications. 4.1.3.3 Surface. The rotor surface shall be smooth and polished to a No. 4 “food-grade” finish (32 µin./0.8µm). 4.1.3.3.1 A rougher finish shall promote the formation of a boundary layer of the pumped liquid between the rotor and stator and reduce the running and starting torque required. 4.1.4 Stator. Stators shall be injection-molded into a metal tube that has been cleaned, either mechanically or chemically etched, protected with a primer for rust prevention, and then coated with one or two coats of special adhesives to bond the elastomer to the metal. 4.1.4.1 The outer tube might also be plastic of chemically resistant type determined by the chemical application (such as Teflon); coating may or may not be required on plastic stator tube. 4.1.4.2 Dimensions. When required in the purchase documents, the manufacturer shall provide and confirm the dimensions of each stator. 4.1.4.2.1 Dimensions in the stators shall be held to a total variance on the “X” and “Y” dimensions of 300 µm or 0.012 in. 4.1.4.2.2 When required in the purchase documents, the manufacturer shall provide quality measurement certificates for any part that it purchases. 4.1.4.3 Molded elastomer materials. Various elastomer materials are available for construction of the stator. 4.1.4.3.1 Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) shall be used for NaOCl, aqueous ammonia, acetic acid, and alcohols. 4.1.4.3.2 EPDM has poor abrasion resistance and has marginal performance at temperatures below freezing. 4.1.4.3.3 Buna-N (NBR) shall be used with oil- and water-based slurries or solutions that are moderately resistant to abrasion. 4.1.4.3.4 Fluorocarbon-based synthetic rubber (C) is a special-purpose elastomer. It has wide chemical resistance and superior performance, especially in high-temperature applications in different media.
18	4.1.4.3.5 Fluoroelastomers are categorized under ASTM D1418 & ISO 1629 and can be used for temperatures below 0°C. 4.1.4.3.6 The pump manufacturer shall be consulted regarding which elastomer is best for the given application. 4.1.4.3.7 Durometer of the elastomer shall be checked by the manufacturer to ensure that the hardness does not exceed 78 on the Shore Instrument “A” scale. 4.1.4.4 Quality procedures. Manufacturers shall document the quality procedures for the manufacture of the stators, including the type, batch number, date that the elastomer compound was created, injection pressures and temperatures, curing temperatures, and the date of manufacture. 4.1.4.5 Manufactured date. Manufacturer shall put a manufactured date on each stator. 4.1.4.5.1 No stator shall be used that is older than three years from the date of manufacture. Sec. 4.2 Pump Design 4.2.1 General requirements. Pump selection shall consider the required flow and differential pressure. 4.2.1.1 Required flow. The purchaser shall provide maximum and minimum flows along with the expected pressures at both points. 4.2.1.1.1 Pressure shall be limited to below 30 psi or 2 bar per stage. 4.2.1.2 Volumetric efficiency. The pump shall have a minimum volumetric efficiency of 75 percent. 4.2.1.3 Over-pressure protection. Pump shall have a cut-off pressure switch or similar over-pressure protection. 4.2.1.4 NPSHA. NPSHA shall exceed the selected pump’s NPSHR at the maximum design flow rate. 4.2.1.5 Pump maximum rpm. Progressive cavity chemical metering pumps shall exert 100 s of shear per 100 rpm and shall operate at a maximum of 700 rpm. –1 4.2.1.6 Rotor and stator geometry (Figure 2). 4.2.1.7 Rotor and stator pitch length. Longer-pitch elements will have a slightly higher NPSHR. 4.2.1.7.1 Longer-pitch pumping designs have a lower shear rate and are advantageous for shear-sensitive materials, such as some polymeric flocculants.
19	4.2.1.7.2 The cavity is adapted by making the length of both the rotor and stator helix pitch longer, and the diameter of the rotor is thereby proportionately reduced. 4.2.2 Fluid properties. Viscosity and temperature affect maximum pump rotational speed and capacity. 4.2.2.1 Viscosity. Pump manufacturer shall provide a curve where the viscosity is measured against the shear rate in s. –1 4.2.2.1.1 If required in the purchase documents, the manufacturer shall run an apparent viscosity test of the feed material. 4.2.2.1.2 Pumps with rigid stators shall be used for pumping clean fluids where the fluid viscosity exceeds 200 cP. 4.2.2.1.3 Apparent viscosity shall determine the volumetric efficiency and the amount of slip experienced by the pump. 4.2.3 Pressure capacity. The pressure capacity of a progressive cavity chemical metering pump shall be determined by the number of “stages” a pump has (Figure 2), as well as the amount of compression and the hardness of the elastomer employed. 4.2.3.1 Stages. A two-stage pump has twice the pressure capacity of a single-stage pump, and a three-stage pump has three times the pressure capacity of a single-stage pump with compression and the hardness of the elastomer being unchanged (Figure 3). GPMGPM303 Stage1 StageTheoretical DisplacementDifferential Press – PSICapacity – GPMX0100200300X Courtesy of Seepex, Inc. Courtesy of Seepex, Inc. Figure 3 The number of stages determines the pressure capacity of a progressing cavity pump
20	4.2.4 Differential pressure. Differential pressure is the total “head” being overcome by the pump. 4.2.4.1 Differential pressure includes the static discharge head plus or minus the static suction head (add with negative suction; subtract when there is a positive suction head) and the pressure “drop” across associated piping and piping components, including valves, over-pressure protection, in-line mixers, spray nozzles, and checking devices. 4.2.4.2 Maximum differential pressure. Maximum recommended differential pressure is 80–90 psi for a single-stage rotor and stator pumping clean fluids. 4.2.4.3 Abrasive fluids. Allowable differential pressure shall be reduced for abrasive fluids. 4.2.4.3.1 More stages shall be required for abrasive fluids with a drop in mechanical efficiency and an increase in longevity or mean time between failure of the pump. 4.2.4.4 Low differential pressures. At low differential pressures (approximately 30 psi or 2 bar) per stage, slip is practically negligible. 4.2.5 Performance data. Performance shall be measured from the suction to the discharge. 4.2.5.1 Accuracy. Progressive cavity chemical metering pumps in metering applications are as accurate as the drive system being used. Supplier shall provide documentation detailing the accuracy of the drive when required in the purchase documents. 4.2.5.1.1 If the user wants a 100 : 1 turn down with a maximum frequency of 60 Hz, then the low speed of the motor is 12 rpm, but the speed may vary from 0 to 24 rpm by the manufacturer’s statement. 4.2.5.1.2 Motors slip; smaller motors with a NEMA type “D” performance, so-called high torque motors, can slip by over 100 rpm at full load. 4.2.5.2 Manufacturer shall provide compliance with ISO 9001:2008, NSF/ANSI 61, 3-A, and API STD 676 recognized quality and/or conformance system. 4.2.5.3 Load. Load is determined by torque, and torque in the motor is directly proportional to pressure on the pump. 4.2.5.4 Operating speed. Operating speed is determined by voltage in a direct current motor; if precise speed and flow rates are required, an isolation transformer or line reactors shall be installed in the circuit to protect the system from voltage fluctuations that are common in commercial alternate current (AC) supply lines.
21	4.2.5.5 Slip. Slip shall be kept to <25 percent of the flow. 4.2.5.6 Velocity. Velocity is the rpm times the circumference of the rotor diameter. 4.2.6 Power requirements. Variable speed drives shall be used with metering pumps. 4.2.6.1 Flow. Maximum and minimum flows shall be used to determine the type of drive and how it is operated. The flow requirements may dictate use of a variable speed drive and reduction gearing. This allows the motor to run above minimum speed while the rotor speed is reduced at very low feed rates. 4.2.6.2 Performance point. The critical performance point for the drive system is at the minimum speed and flow at full-rated discharge pressure. 4.2.6.3 Variable frequency drives (VFDs). VFDs shall specify the maximum and minimum allowable operating frequency. 4.2.6.3.1 VFD-rated induction motors shall be operated at <200 Hz. 4.2.6.3.2 VFD-operated motors shall have thermal protection that is wired into an inhibit function in the VFD. 4.2.6.3.3 If the motor is expected to operate at speeds of less than 5 Hz (100 rpm), a constant speed external ventilation blower shall be part of the drive motor. 4.2.6.4 Direct current (DC) motors. DC motors can be used and are economical in the fractional horsepower sizes. 4.2.6.4.1 DC motors have more starting torque than AC motors and do not require additional cooling at low speeds. 4.2.6.4.2 Fluctuation in AC line voltage will be transferred to the DC voltage even after it is rectified. 4.2.6.5 Feedback loop. If a user wants predictable performance, a feedback loop in the VFD/motor package is needed. 4.2.6.5.1 Feedback can be achieved either with an encoder on the motor that will ensure that the rpm is constant under varying loads or with a vector drive that has an internal feedback that can hold speed despite varying loads. 4.2.7 Equal-walled stators. Equal-walled stators have a helical tube that matches the internal helix of the stator. 4.2.7.1 Layer of rubber. Equal-walled stators have a layer of rubber that is even or equal through the entire length of the stator.
22	4.2.7.2 Rated pressure. Even or equal wall stators are rated for double the pressure of a cylindrical stator and have a flatter performance curve, less slip, and a higher volumetric efficiency and mechanical efficiency. 4.2.7.2.1 Equal-walled stators are rated for 180 psi (12 bar) per stage and are exceptional for metering applications with varying operating temperatures. 4.2.8 Cylindrical stators. Cylindrical stators have rubber sections that are thick in one axis (the “X” dimension) and thin in the opposing 90° plane (the “Y” dimension). 4.2.8.1 Since there is more rubber on the “X,” that plane flexes more and is the limiting factor for the generation of pressure in the system. 4.2.9 Flanges. Flanges shall be supplied with flange dimensions conforming to ASME B16.1 Class 125 gray iron or ASME B16.5 Class 150 stainless steel, including bolt circle, number, and size of bolt holes. 4.2.9.1 Dimensions. Flanges 12 in. (305 mm) and smaller subject to a pressure exceeding 200 psig (1,379 kPa) and flanges larger than 14 in. (356 mm) subject to a pressure exceeding 150 psig (1,034 kPa) shall conform to ASME B16.1, Class 250 gray iron dimensions. 4.2.9.2 Steel flanges. Steel flanges for suction and discharge shall conform to ANSI/AWWA C207. 4.2.9.2.1 Flange class shall be suitable for continuous service at the maximum required pressure rating. 4.2.10 Exterior coatings. Ferrous surfaces (except stainless steel) shall receive a factory-applied coating, while other surfaces shall not be coated. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and calcium hypochlorite (Ca(OCl)) applications must have all ferrous metals coated with a two-part epoxy. This includes electric motors, gear reducers, coupling guards, adapters, and baseplates. 2 4.2.10.1 Surfaces not in contact with water. Unless otherwise required in the purchase documents, surfaces not in contact with the water shall be primed with one coat of paint to a minimum dry film thickness of 3 mils. 4.2.10.2 Field top-coatings. The paint coating shall be compatible with the field top-coatings when the field coatings are identified in the purchase documents. 4.2.10.3 Surface preparation. Surfaces to be coated shall be cleaned and descaled either chemically or mechanically prior to coating. 4.2.10.3.1 The cleaning and surface preparation shall meet or exceed the coating manufacturer’s requirements for the selected coating.
23	4.2.10.3.2 Exterior surfaces not in contact with the water surfaces shall be cleaned to meet the requirements of SSPC–SP 6. 4.2.10.3.3 Other surfaces shall be cleaned to meet the requirements of SSPC–SP 10. 4.2.10.3.4 Coatings shall be applied after hydrostatic testing for leakage and at such a time that subsequent welding and assembly procedures will not damage the coating. 4.2.10.4 Noncoated surfaces. Surfaces not to be coated or cleaned shall be protected from contamination and damage. 4.2.10.4.1 Metalwork shall not be welded after coating unless the coating can be inspected and repaired. 4.2.11 Holiday testing. When required in the purchase documents, the coated surfaces of the pump shall be holiday tested and shall be holiday free in accordance with ANSI/AWWA C550. 4.2.12Data sheet. Manufacturer shall provide an application data sheet similar to that found in Appendix A. 4.2.13 Run-dry protection. Because of the compression fit between the rotor and stator, progressive cavity pumps can be damaged by running dry. Run-dry damage may occur in a few minutes when nonlubricating liquids such as a lime solution, a magnesium hydroxide slurry, or deionized water have been used. When pumping lubricating materials such as polymer flocculants or glycerin, the pumps may run for several hours without any damage. 4.2.13.1 Protection. Various devices are available to protect against the pump running dry. Preferred device shall be defined in the purchase documents. 4.2.13.2 Thermal sensing. Thermal sensing elements can be placed in the stator to measure heat caused by the lack of lubrication between the rotor and the stator. 4.2.13.3 Presence or absence detectors. Presence or absence detectors can be placed in the suction line before the pump. 4.2.13.3.1 These devices operate on the capacitance of the liquid, heat dissipation, or a change in the vibrating frequency of a probe. 4.2.13.4 Low flow alarm and loop flow control can be provided with a mass flow meter (nonconductive) or magnetic meter (conductive) and a programmable logic controller. 4.2.13.4.1 If flow is not present for a programmed given time, the pump stops and alerts the operator.
24	4.2.13.4.2 The pump rpm will not require special motors to ensure the metering rate. 4.2.13.4.3 RPM can be monitored for a given flow rate, and pump wear and performance can be monitored. 4.2.13.5 Reliability. Reliable operation shall include a method for recognizing a run-dry condition. 4.2.14 Lubrication. When a compression fit is used between the rotor and stator in a progressive cavity, the elastomer stator needs to be lubricated and cooled by the liquid passing through the pump. 4.2.14.1 Run dry. Allowing the elastomer to run dry will result in heat buildup and cause it to further cure or “vulcanize,” resulting in a loss of elasticity. 4.2.14.1.1 For suction lift applications, it is advisable to install a check valve or foot valve to prevent draining of liquid between pump cycles back to the source. 4.2.14.1.2 If fouling of a “checking” device is a concern, a “goose neck” can be installed in the suction line to ensure that liquid is always in the pump before it is placed into service and starts to form a vacuum. 4.2.14.1.3 It is advisable to install a low-supply-level switch to ensure that there is always liquid in the pump. SECTION 5: VERIFICATION Sec. 5.1 Factory Tests 5.1.1 General. Pumps shall receive a hydrostatic test in accordance with the applicable ANSI/HI standard. 5.1.2 Progressive cavity chemical metering pumps. The assembled pump shall be tested in accordance with the requirements of ANSI/HI 3.6 (Type III or IV). Sec. 5.2 Basis for Rejection Material not complying with the requirements of this standard and the purchaser’s documents may be rejected. Repairs, replacements, and retesting shall be accomplished in accordance with the purchaser’s documents.
25	SECTION 6: DELIVERY, PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT, AND AFFIDAVIT Sec. 6.1 Marking 6.1.1 Pump nameplate. A corrosion-resistant nameplate containing the following information shall be permanently affixed to the pump: 1. Manufacturer’s name. 2. Year of manufacture. 3. Identifying serial number. 4. Model. Sec. 6.2 Packaging and Shipping 6.2.1 General. 6.2.1.1 Preparation. The manufacturer shall prepare the pump for shipment to minimize the likelihood of damage during shipment. 6.2.1.1.1 Cavities shall be drained of water. 6.2.1.1.2 Optional shipping can have stator not installed on the rotor. 6.2.1.1.3 Equipment shall be properly supported and securely attached to skids. 6.2.1.1.4 Openings shall be covered in a manner to protect both the opening and interior. 6.2.1.2 Interior. The interior of the equipment shall be clean and free from foreign objects. 6.2.1.3 Blocking. The manufacturer shall prepare equipment for shipment including blocking of the rotor, drive shaft, electric motor, or gear reducer. 6.2.1.3.1 During transit, high momentary shocks may be experienced; any unsupported components should be blocked for transport. 6.2.1.3.2 Identify blocked components by means of corrosion-resistant tags attached to stainless steel wire. 6.2.1.4 Instructions. Pack and ship one copy of the manufacturer’s standard unloading, storage, and installation instructions with the equipment. 6.2.1.5 Lifting points. Clearly identify lifting points and lifting lugs on the equipment or equipment package. Identify the recommended lifting arrangement on boxed equipment.
26	Sec. 6.3 Storage 6.3.1 Short-term storage. Storage of six months or less shall not damage the pump. 6.3.1.1 Protective cover. Store pump inside or cover with a protective covering. Do not allow moisture to collect around pump. 6.3.1.2 Drain plug. Remove drain plug and inspection plates to allow the pump body to drain and dry completely. Replace inspection plates. 6.3.1.3 Packing gland. Loosen the packing gland and inject a liberal amount of grease into the stuffing box. Tighten the gland nuts only hand-tight. When water flush systems are to be used, do not use grease. A small amount of light oil is recommended. 6.3.1.4 Motor. See manufacturer’s instructions for motor and/or drive storage. 6.3.1.5 Long-term storage. If pump is to be in storage for more than six months, perform the previously noted short-term storage procedures (Sec. 6.3.1) plus the following: 6.3.1.5.1 Occasionally rotate the pump manually a few revolutions to avoid a “set” condition of rotor in stator elastomer. This will prevent hard starting and excessive torque requirements when pump is again put into operation. 6.3.1.5.2 Apply rust inhibitor to all unpainted cast iron and machined carbon steel surfaces. 6.3.1.5.3 Remove drive belts if applicable. 6.3.2 Written instructions. If required in the purchase documents, the manufacturer shall provide written instructions for short- and long-term storage of pumps. Sec. 6.4 Operation and Maintenance 6.4.1 Operation and maintenance. Manufacturer shall provide written operations and maintenance manual for all pumps. Manual shall include a parts list and detailed instructions for disassembly and maintenance of the pumps. Sec. 6.5 Affidavit of Compliance When required in the purchase documents, the manufacturer shall provide an affidavit that the material provided complies with applicable requirements of this standard.
27	APPENDIX A Material Data Sheet This appendix is for information only and is not a part of ANSI/AWWA E200. Progressive Cavity Chemical Metering Pump Data Form 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. 1. Purchaser: Purchaser: 2. 2. 2. Address: Address: 3. 3. 3. Installation site: Installation site: 4. 4. 4. Job reference number: Job reference number: Item number: Item number: 5. 5. 5. Number required: Number required: Date required: Date required: 6. 6. 6. Motor data: Motor data: TR Electrical voltage: Electrical voltage: Frequency: Frequency: Phase: Phase: Rpm: Rpm: TR Maximum operating rpm: Maximum operating rpm: 7. 7. 7. Type of discharge: Type of discharge: 8. 8. 8. Other Requirements: Other Requirements: TR Pump Operating Conditions Pump Operating Conditions 9. 9. 9. Design capacity: Design capacity: gpm (m/hr)* gpm (m/hr)* 3 10. 10. 10. Datum elevation: Datum elevation: ft (m)* ft (m)* 11. 11. 11. Operating range: Operating range: Minimum total pump head: Minimum total pump head: ft (m)* ft (m)* TR Maximum total pump head: Maximum total pump head: ft (m)* ft (m)* 12. 12. 12. Other operating conditions: Other operating conditions: 13. 13. 13. Overall length (datum to inlet of pump suction case): Overall length (datum to inlet of pump suction case): ft (m)* ft (m)*
28	1P 850 45200-23 10/23 QI 1P 850 45200-23 10/23 QI