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BS 5446-4:2020

BS 5446-4:2020

$215.11

Fire detection and fire alarm devices for dwellings – Specification for multi-sensor fire alarms using any combination of smoke, heat and carbon monoxide sensors

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2020 132
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This part of BS 5446 specifies requirements and type test methods for multi-sensor fire alarms, using one of the following combinations of sensors:

  1. smoke and heat;

  2. smoke and carbon monoxide;

  3. carbon monoxide and heat; and

  4. smoke, carbon monoxide and heat.

It is applicable to multi-sensor fire alarms intended solely for permanent installation on ceilings or walls of dwellings, and to multi-sensor fire alarms suitable for use in leisure accommodation vehicles (LAVs).

It is not applicable to multi-sensor fire alarms incorporating ionization smoke sensors.

NOTE 1 Equipment conforming to this part of BS 5446 might not be suitable for use in boats used as a means of accommodation on inland waterways, due to the corrosive atmosphere.

NOTE 2 Although not covered by this part of BS 5446, equipment is available for use with multi-sensor fire alarms to provide a suitable warning system for use by deaf and hard of hearing people (see BS 5446‑3).

NOTE 3 This part of BS 5446 does not cover the requirements for devices intended for incorporation in fire detection and alarm systems (see BS EN 54‑1).

NOTE 4 This part of BS 5446 does not include detection of carbon monoxide as a toxic gas (see BS EN 50291‑1).

NOTE 5 This part of BS 5446 does not include detection of fire using heat only (see BS 5446‑2).

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
7 Foreword
9 Introduction: Open Descriptions
1 Scope
10 2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations
14 4 Product characteristics and test procedures
4.1 General testing methods
17 4.2 Indicators
Table 1 — Individual alarm indicator
18 Table 2 — Mains-on indicator
Table 3 — Additional indicators
Table 4 — External ancillary devices
19 Table 5 — Manufacturer’s adjustments
Table 6 — On-site adjustment of response behaviour
20 Table 7 — Power supply type
22 Table 8 — Monitoring of back-up power source
Table 9 — Power source missing prevention
23 Table 10 — Battery leads or terminal connections
Table 11 — Battery reversal
25 Table 12 — Battery fault warning
26 Figure 1 — Battery fault warning test circuit
28 Table 13 — Routine test facility
29 Table 14 — Fire alarm signal
Table 15 — Sound output
30 Table 16 — Sounder durability
Table 17 — Protection against ingress of foreign bodies
31 Table 18 — Software controlled multi-sensor fire alarms
33 Table 19 — Inter-connectable multi-sensor fire alarms
34 Table 20 — Radio frequency link range
36 Table 21 — Temporary disablement facility
38 Table 22 — Alarm muting facility
39 4.3 Nominal activation conditions/sensitivity
Table 23 — Repeatability of CO response
40 Table 24 — Directional dependence of smoke response
Table 25 — Directional dependence of CO response
41 Table 26 — Directional dependence of heat response
Table 27 — Reproducibility of smoke response
42 Table 28 — Reproducibility of CO response
43 Table 29 — Reproducibility of heat response
4.4 Response to slowly developing fires, ageing and contamination
Table 30 — Drift compensation
44 4.5 Response delay (response time)
Table 31 — Air movement
45 Table 32 — Dazzling
4.6 Variation in supply voltage
Table 33 — Variation in supply voltage
46 4.7 Fire sensitivity
Table 34 — Fire sensitivity
47 Table 35 — Quantity and combination of sensors for fire sensitivity testing
49 Table 36 — Fire parameter
4.8 Durability of normal activations/sensitivity
Table 37 — Dry heat (operational)
50 Table 38 — Dry heat (endurance)
51 Table 39 — Cold (operational)
52 Table 40 — Temperature cycling (for leisure accommodation vehicles)
53 Table 41 — Low humidity, steady-state (operational)
54 Table 42 — Damp heat, cyclic (operational)
56 Table 43 — Damp heat, steady-state (operational)
57 Table 44 — Damp heat, steady-state (endurance)
58 Table 45 — SO2 corrosion (endurance)
60 Table 46 — Exposure to high level of carbon monoxide
Table 47 — Exposure to chemical agents at environmental concentrations (endurance)
61 Table 48 — Conditions for exposure to pollutants
62 Table 49 — Shock (operational)
63 Table 50 — Impact (operational)
64 Table 51 — Vibration, sinusoidal (operational)
66 Table 52 — Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance)
67 Table 53 — EMC, immunity (operational)
68 5 Testing, assessment and sampling methods
5.1 Provision for tests
5.2 Test schedule
Table 54 — Test schedule
69 6 Assessment and verification of constancy of performance (AVCP)
6.1 General
70 6.2 Type testing
71 Table 55 — Number of samples to be tested and compliance criteria
72 6.3 Factory production control (FPC)
77 7 Marking, labelling and packaging
7.1 Marking concerning the multi-sensor fire alarm device
78 7.2 Content of the user manual
79 7.3 Additional marking of the radio frequency modules
7.4 Packaging
80 Annex A (normative)  Declaration of performance
Table A.1 — Declaration of performance
82 Annex B (normative)  Smoke tunnel for response value measurements
Annex C (normative)  Test aerosol for response value measurements
83 Annex D (normative)  Smoke measuring instruments
84 Figure D.1 — Mechanical construction of the measuring ionization chamber
85 Table D.1 — List of parts of the measuring ionization chamber
86 Figure D.2 — Measuring ionization chamber: Method of operation
87 Figure D.3 — Measuring ionization chamber: Operating circuit
88 Annex E (normative)  Gas test chamber for CO response threshold value and cross-sensitivity to chemical agents
89 Annex F (normative)  Heat tunnel for heat response value
90 Figure F.1 — Example of working section of heat tunnel
91 Figure F.2 — Arrangement of heat tunnel – Section A-A
Annex G (normative)  Calculation of the expected battery service life
92 Annex H (informative)  Examples for calculation of the expected battery service life
97 Annex I (informative)  Information about the requirements for the response to slowly developing fires
98 Figure I.1 — Linear compensation: limiting case
Figure I.2 — Stepwise compensation: limiting case
99 Figure I.3 — High-rate, limited-extent compensation
100 Figure I.4 — Example of nonlinear transfer characteristic
Annex J (normative)  Apparatus for dazzling test
101 Figure J.1 — Dazzling apparatus
Annex K (normative)  Fire test room
102 Figure K.1 — Plan view of fire test room and position of multi-sensor fire alarms and measuring instruments
103 Figure K.2 — Mounting positions for instruments and specimens on ceiling
Figure K.3 — Side view of fire test room and position of wall-mounted multi-sensor fire alarms
104 Annex L (normative)  Open wood fire (TF1)
105 Figure L.1 — Wood arrangement for test fire TF-1
Figure L.2 — Limits for m against y, Fire TF1
106 Figure L.3 — Limits for m against time, t, Fire TF1
Figure L.4 — Limits for S against time, t, Fire TF1
107 Annex M (normative)  Smouldering pyrolysis wood fire (TF2)
Figure M.1 — Arrangement of the sticks on the hotplate
109 Figure M.2 — Limits for m against y, Fire TF2
110 Figure M.3 — Limits for m against time, t, Fire TF2
111 Figure M.4 — Limits for S against time, t, Fire TF2
Annex N (normative)  Glowing smouldering cotton fire (TF3)
112 Figure N.1 — Arrangement of cotton wicks
113 Figure N.2 — Limits for m against y, Fire TF3
114 Figure N.3 — Limits for m against time, Fire TF3
115 Figure N.4 — Limits for S against time t, Fire TF3
Annex O (normative)  Open plastics (polyurethane) fire (TF4)
116 Figure O.1 — Limits for m against y, Fire TF4
117 Figure O.2 — Limits for m against time, t, Fire TF4
Figure O.3 — Limits for S against time, t, Fire TF4
118 Annex P (normative)  Liquid (heptane) fire (TF5)
119 Figure P.1 — Limits for m against y, Fire TF5
Figure P.2 — Limits for m against time, t, Fire TF5
120 Figure P.3 — Limits for S against time, t, Fire TF5
Annex Q (normative)  Low temperature black smoke (decalene) liquid fire (TF8)
121 Figure Q.1 — Limits for m against y, Fire TF8
122 Figure Q.2 — Limits for m against time, t, Fire TF8
Figure Q.3 — Limits for S against time, t, Fire TF8
123 Annex R (normative)  Establishing exposure levels of chemical agents
Annex S (normative)  Apparatus for impact test
125 Figure S.1 — Impact apparatus
Annex T (informative)  Information about the construction of the smoke tunnel
126 Figure T.1 — Smoke tunnel, working clause, side view
127 Figure T.2 — Smoke tunnel, working section, cross-section A-A
Annex U (informative)  Information concerning the construction of the gas test chamber
128 Figure U.1 — Example of gas test chamber, side view
129 Annex V (informative)  Construction of the heat tunnel
131 Bibliography

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BS 5446-4:2020
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