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BS 8539:2012+A1:2021

BS 8539:2012+A1:2021

$215.11

Code of practice for the selection and installation of post-installed anchors in concrete and masonry

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2021 90
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This British Standard gives recommendations for the safe selection and installation of anchors for use in concrete and masonry. It is intended to provide practical guidance for designers, specifiers, manufacturers, suppliers, contractors, installers and testers of anchors.

In particular, this British Standard applies to the selection and installation of anchors which are used in safety-critical applications.

This British Standard is restricted to the use of anchors which are inserted into concrete and masonry in drilled holes.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
6 Foreword
9 Introduction
10 Figure 1 — Flowchart for overall process of selection and installation of anchors
1 Scope
2 Normative references
11 3 Terms, definitions and symbols
19 4 Roles and responsibilities
4.1 Manufacturer/supplier
20 4.2 Designer
4.3 Specifier
4.4 Contractor
21 4.5 Installer
4.6 Supervisor
4.7 Tester
5 Selection and specification of anchors
22 Figure 2 — Flowchart for selection process
5.1 Information to be assembled
23 5.2 Preliminary design considerations
24 5.3 Factors determining anchor type
27 Figure 3 — Characteristic and minimum edge and spacing dimensions
Figure 4 — The relationship between embedment depth and concrete cone failure
30 Figure 5 — General anchor positioning guidance in brickwork
Figure 6 — Anchor positioning for fixing anchors in joints
31 Figure 7 — Locations in joints for test anchors when anchors are to be installed through render or plaster
Figure 8 — Embedment and hole depths in brickwork
33 Figure 9 — Tensile, shear and combined actions
Figure 10 — Example of a bending action
34 Figure 11 — Example of a compressive action
35 Table 1 — Anchor materials used to minimize the risk of corrosion
38 5.4 Factors determining anchor size
39 5.5 Completing the specification
6 Information to be provided by manufacturer/supplier, designer and specifier
6.1 General
6.2 Information to be provided by the manufacturer/supplier to the specifier
40 6.3 Information to be provided by the designer to the specifier
6.4 Information to be provided by the specifier to the contractor/installer
41 6.5 Information to be provided by the manufacturer/supplier to the contractor/installer
6.6 Information to be provided by the specifier to the tester
42 7 Installation of anchors
7.1 General
7.2 Installation procedures
43 7.3 Aspects of installation
Figure 12 — Hole depths
44 Figure 13 — Embedment depths
45 7.4 Strength of concrete at the time of installation
46 7.5 Hitting reinforcement
7.6 Installing anchors in masonry
47 8 Supervision, inspection and certification of installed anchors
8.1 Supervision
8.2 Inspection
48 8.3 Certification
9 Testing of anchors
9.1 General
9.2 Tests to determine the allowable resistance
49 9.3 Tests to check the quality of installation
9.4 Testing in tension and shear
50 9.5 Test procedures and recording of results
10 Change management – alternative anchors
51 Annex A (informative)  Design methods
52 Figure A.1 — Comparison between load levels of partial and global safety factor approaches
55 Figure A.2 — Relationship of resolved components of combined action to design resistance at angles between tension and shear – PSF approach
56 Figure A.3 — Interaction diagram for combined tensile and shear actions according to BS EN 1992‑4
57 Annex B (normative)  Site testing regimes
59 Table B.1 — Factors used in preliminary tests
60 Figure B.1 — Preliminary tests – relationship between characteristic action and test load
61 Figure B.2 — Illustration of tests when one anchor fails to reach Ntest
Figure B.3 — Illustration of test results when all anchors have been loaded to failure
62 Figure B.4 — Illustration of treatment of results to determine allowable resistance
66 Annex C (informative)  Types of anchors
Figure C.1 — Relationship between bolt tension, clamping force and service action
67 Figure C.2 — Throughbolt type of expansion anchor
Figure C.3 — Thick-walled sleeve anchor
Figure C.4 — Thin-walled sleeve anchor
Figure C.5 — Shield type expansion anchor
Figure C.6 — Undercut anchor, undercut pre-formed during drilling process
Figure C.7 — Self-undercutting anchor
68 Figure C.8 — Self-tapping screw type anchor
Figure C.9 — Deformation-controlled expansion anchor
Figure C.10 — Drop-in type anchor with expander plug driven fully to the base of the anchor
69 Figure C.11 — Diagram illustrating mechanical interlock between resin of bonded anchor and base material
Figure C.12 — Bonded anchor with threaded anchor rod
Figure C.13 — Bonded anchor with internally threaded socket
Figure C.14 — Post-installed rebar anchors (starter bars) installed using injection resin systems
70 Figure C.15 — Torque-controlled bonded anchor
Figure C.16 — Traditional glass “spin-in” resin capsule
Figure C.17 — Foil or soft skin type “spin-in” resin capsule
71 Figure C.18 — Injection cartridge
72 Figure C.19 — Force-controlled expansion anchor for suspended ceilings
Figure C.20 — Deformation-controlled expansion anchor for suspended ceilings – all steel components
73 Figure C.21 — Traditional plastic plug
Figure C.22 — Frame fixing
Figure C.23 — Plastic plug with screw-in eye
74 Figure C.24 — Bonded anchor used in single skin brickwork, solid brick
Figure C.25 — Bonded anchor used in single skin brickwork, perforated brick, using mesh sleeve to control resin loss in voids
Figure C.26 — Bonded anchor used in solid double skin (not cavity) brickwork using steel mesh sleeve to control resin loss in gap between bricks
Figure C.27 — Special injection anchor with outward tapering hole for use in aerated concrete
75 Annex D (informative)  Selection process for anchors with and without ETAs
76 Figure D.1 — Flow chart for process of determining anchor usage in relation to ETAs in concrete
77 Figure D.2 — Flow chart for process of determining anchor usage in relation to ETAs in masonry
78 Annex E (informative)  Static and non-static actions
79 Annex F (informative)  Types of corrosion
Table F.1 — Galvanic effect on the rate of corrosion of anchors and fixtures in rural or urban areas
82 Bibliography
85 Index

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BS 8539:2012+A1:2021
$215.11