This document specifies a design assessment procedure of a forged and rolled monobloc wheel (RST). This assessment is carried out before the wheel is commissioned. This document describes, in particular, the assessment to be performed in order to use wheels on a European network which, in addition, have quality requirements in conformity with those defined in EN 13262. This assessment requires that the conditions of use for the wheel are defined and this standard provides a method for defining those conditions. The assessment of the design covers four aspects: – a geometrical aspect: to allow interchangeability of different solutions for the same application; - a thermomechanical aspect: to manage wheel deformations and to ensure that braking will not cause wheels to fracture; – a mechanical aspect: to ensure that no fatigue cracks occur in the wheel web and that no permanent deformation occurs under exceptional loading; – an acoustic aspect: to ensure that the solution chosen is as good as the reference wheel. This document does not cover assessment of the hub or of the rim. This document has been drawn up for wheels of nonpowered treadbraked wheelsets and applies in full to this type of wheel. For wheels on which disc brakes are mounted or toothed transmission wheels or even wheels with noise reduction devices, the requirements may be amended or supplemented. For urban railway vehicles, other standards or documents may be used.

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82	undefined
91	1 Scope 2 Normative references 3 Terms and definitions
92	4 Parameters for the definition of the application covered 4.1 General 4.2 Geometric parameters for interchangeability 4.2.1 General 4.2.2 Functional requirements 4.2.3 Assembly requirements
93	4.2.4 Maintenance requirements 4.3 Parameters for thermomechanical assessment of tread-braked wheels 4.3.1 Geometrical requirements for tread-braked wheels
94	4.3.2 Drag braking or consecutive stop braking 4.3.2.1 General 4.3.2.2 Freight wagons
95	4.3.2.3 Other types of rolling stock 4.3.3 Accidental drag braking incident 4.3.3.1 General 4.3.3.2 Fully tread-braked wheels 4.3.3.3 Partially tread-braked wheels 4.4 Mechanical assessment parameters
96	4.5 Acoustic assessment parameters 5 Description of the wheel, the design of which shall be assessed 6 Assessment of geometric interchangeability 7 Assessment of thermomechanical behaviour 7.1 General procedure
97	7.2 First stage – Braking bench test 7.2.1 Test procedure 7.2.2 Decision criteria
98	7.3 Second stage – Wheel fracture bench test 7.3.1 General 7.3.2 Test procedure 7.3.3 Decision criterion 7.4 Third stage – Field braking test 7.4.1 General 7.4.2 Test procedure 7.4.3 Decision criteria
99	8 Assessment of mechanical behaviour 8.1 General procedure 8.2 First stage – Calculation 8.2.1 Applied forces 8.2.1.1 Exceptional loading 8.2.1.2 Fatigue loading
102	8.2.2 Calculation procedure 8.2.2.1 General 8.2.2.2 For exceptional loading 8.2.2.3 For fatigue loading 8.2.3 Decision criteria 8.2.3.1 For exceptional loading 8.2.3.2 For fatigue loading
103	8.3 Second stage – Bench test 8.3.1 General 8.3.2 Definition of bench loading and the test procedure 8.3.3 Decision criteria 9 Assessment of acoustic behaviour 10 Technical approval 10.1 Technical approval scope and process
105	10.2 Technical approval documents
106	Annex A (informative) Drag braking values A.1 Freight wagons A.2 Other types of rolling stock and specific freight wagons
107	Annexe B Annex B(normative) Assessment of thermomechanical behaviour B.1 Assessment flow chart
108	B.2 Braking bench test procedure B.2.1 Test principle B.2.2 Definition of drag braking B.2.3 Method for measuring decision criteria B.2.3.1 Measuring displacement
109	B.2.3.2 Measuring residual stresses B.2.4 Tests and measurements B.2.4.1 Pre-test measurements B.2.4.2 Braking tests
110	B.2.4.3 Measurements at the end of braking cycles B.2.5 Anomalies B.3 Wheel fracture bench testing procedure B.3.1 Test principle B.3.2 Creation of residual stresses in the rim of the wheel B.3.3 Pre-cracked rim
112	B.3.4 Definition of drag braking test B.3.5 Parameters for the wheel fracture bench test
113	B.3.6 Tests and measurements B.3.6.1 General B.3.6.2 Pre-cracked rim B.3.6.3 Wheel fracture
114	B.3.7 Anomalies B.4 Field braking test procedure B.4.1 Test principle B.4.2 Definition of braking
115	B.4.3 Method for measuring decision criteria B.4.3.1 Measuring displacement B.4.3.2 Measuring residual stresses B.4.4 Route type for testing B.4.4.1 Parameters linked to the vehicle of intended application
116	B.4.4.2 Other parameters B.4.4.3 Meteorological conditions B.4.4.4 Parameters associated with the track B.4.5 Tests and measurements B.4.5.1 Pre-test measurements B.4.5.2 Braking tests
117	B.4.5.3 Measurements at the end of the braking cycles B.4.6 Anomalies
118	Annex C(normative)Wheel profile diameter definition C.1 General C.2 Diameter after last reprofiling
119	C.3 Worn diameter
120	Annex D(normative) Assessment of mechanical behaviour D.1 Assessment flow chart
121	D.2 Calculation procedure in the case of exceptional load D.2.1 Principle D.2.2 Load D.3 Calculation procedure for cases of fatigue load D.3.1 Principle D.3.2 Load D.3.3 Method of calculation
123	Annex E(informative) Fatigue loading for narrow gauge tracks (close to a metre)
124	Annex F(informative) Fatigue loading for tilting trains
125	Annex G(normative) Mechanical behaviour – Finite element calculation assessment
126	Annex H(informative) Mechanical behaviour – Bench loading and test procedure H.1 Principle of bench loading and test procedure H.2 Definition of loads H.2.1 General H.2.2 Measurement of stresses during field tests
127	H.3 Fatigue bench test H.3.1 Method 1 – Random fatigue test H.3.1.1 Load matrix H.3.1.2 Monitoring the bench test
128	H.3.1.3 Random fatigue test H.3.1.4 End of test criteria H.3.2 Method 2 – Single-stage fatigue test H.3.2.1 Matrix and load spectrum H.3.2.2 Equivalent stress H.3.2.3 Single-stage fatigue test
129	H.3.2.4 Acceptance criterion H.3.2.5 Examples of benches
130	Annex I(informative) Assessment of acoustic behaviour I.1 General procedure I.2 Assessment procedure
131	I.3 Assessment criteria I.4 Decision criterion
132	I.5 Assessment flow chart
133	I.6 Calculation procedure I.6.1 General I.6.2 Calculating the wheel modal basis I.6.3 Defining the reference speeds I.6.4 Defining the reference combined wheel-rail roughness
135	I.6.5 Defining the reference track model
136	I.6.6 Defining the calculation parameters I.6.7 Calculating sound power
137	I.6.8 Factoring the weighted spectrum into sound power
138	I.6.9 Calculating the acceptance criterion I.6.10 Optional calculations I.7 Field measurement procedure I.7.1 General I.7.2 Environmental conditions I.7.3 Conditions for the track
139	I.7.4 Conditions for the train I.7.4.1 Conditions for the tread I.7.4.2 Composition of train
140	I.7.5 Positioning the measurement points I.7.6 Measurement quantities I.7.7 Test procedure I.7.7.1 Measuring roughness
141	I.7.7.2 Measurements trackside I.7.8 Data processing I.7.8.1 General I.7.8.2 Calculating combined roughness I.7.8.3 Calculating a representative quantity of sound power
142	I.7.8.4 Correcting standardized sound levels vis-à-vis a reference combined roughness I.7.8.5 Calculating the acceptance criterion
143	Annex J(informative) Ultrasonic method for determining residual stresses in the rim (non-destructive method) J.1 Procedure
144	J.2 Measurement uncertainty J.3 Calibrations J.4 Verifying measurement parameters

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
BSI	2024	148


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Status	Definitive
Pages	148
Publication Date	2024-01-08
ISBN	978 0 539 30021 5
Standard Number	BS EN 13979-1:2023 – TC
Title	Tracked Changes. Railway applications. Wheelsets and bogies. Monobloc Wheels. Technical approval procedure – Forged and rolled wheels
Descriptors	Wheels, Bogies, Approval testing, Quality assurance systems, Acoustics, Rolled products, Design, Railway equipment, Railway vehicle components, Railway vehicles, Forgings
Publisher	BSI
Committee	RAE/3/-/1
ICS Codes	45.040 - Materials and components for railway engineering

BS EN 13979-1:2023 – TC:2024 Edition

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