BS EN 1562:1997:2006 Edition

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Founding. Malleable cast irons

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
BSI	2006	14

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Categories: 77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings, BSI

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1	BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1562:1997 Founding – Malleable cast irons The European Standard EN 1562:1997, with the incorporation of amendment A1:2006, has the status of a British Standard
2	National foreword This British Standard is the English language version of EN 1562:1997, including amendment A1:2006. It supersedes BS 6681:1986. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags !”. Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment. For example, text altered by CEN amendment 1 is indicated by !”. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/35, Cast iron, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BS… This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.
3	EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 1562 June 1997 +A1 June 2006 English version Founding – Malleable cast irons Fonderie – Fonte malléable Gießereiwesen – Temperguß CEN European Committee for Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Europäisches Komitee für Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels © 1997 CEN – All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members Ref. No. EN 1562:1997 E
4	This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190, Foundry technology, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 1997, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 1997. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 2.20, Malleable cast iron, to prepare the following standard: According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to … This document (EN 1562:1997/A1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This Amendment to the European Standard EN 1562:1997 shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of … This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of a EU Directive. For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to …
5	Introduction This European Standard deals with the classification of malleable cast irons. Malleable cast irons covered by this standard are … Materials are designated in terms of tensile strength and percentage elongation relative to a 12 mm diameter test piece for whit… Castings having small wall thicknesses form a significant sector of the market. In order to represent their mechanical properties in this material standard, values for these properties, based on 6 mm diameter test pieces, have been included. Annex A gives the requirements for the determination of 0,2 % proof stress. Annex B gives testing methods for the determination of Brinell hardness (HB) of malleable cast iron. Annex C gives further information on impact resistance and ductility, especially at low temperatures, and recommends restricting the phosphorus content as an aid to improving impact resistance and ductility of the cast material. !Malleable cast iron can be used for pressure equipment, e.g. for The suitable material grades for pressure applications and the conditions for their use are given in specific product or application standards. For the design of pressure equipment, specific design rules apply.” 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for malleable cast iron used in the manufacture of castings. This standard specifies two groups of material, namely whiteheart malleable cast iron and blackheart malleable cast iron. Each group is represented by several grades of material. Classification is given on the basis of mechanical properties determined on separately cast test pieces. This standard specifies 0,2 % proof stress values determined only when these values are requested by the purchaser. This standard specifies Brinell hardness values determined only when these values are requested by the purchaser. This standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for malleable iron castings. Reference should be made to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3 This standard does not cover chemical composition, except phosphorus (see annex C). 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. !The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.” EN 1559-1, Founding – Technical conditions of delivery – Part 1: General. EN 1559-3, Founding – Technical conditions of delivery – Part 3: Additional requirements for iron castings. EN 10002-1, Metallic materials – Tensile testing – Part 1: Method of test (at ambient temperature). EN 10003-1, Metallic materials – Brinell hardness test – Part 1: Test method. !EN 10204:2004, Metallic products – Types of inspection documents. EN 10045-1:1990, Metallic materials – Charpy impact test – Part 1: Test method.”
6	3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply 3.1 whiteheart malleable (decarburized) cast iron cast iron which is cast white and then given a heat treatment in a decarburizing atmosphere to produce a material which is partially or entirely decarburized. Any remaining graphite is in the form of temper carbon 3.2 blackheart malleable (non-decarburized) cast iron cast iron which is cast white and then given a non-decarburizing heat treatment, and which contains graphite, all of which is in the form of temper carbon 3.3 primary graphite graphite which occurs in a flake form 4 Designation The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number, as given in either Table 1 or Table 2. 5 Order information The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: a) the number of this European Standard (EN 1562); b) the designation of the material; c) any special requirements which have to be agreed at the time of acceptance of the order (see EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3). 6 Manufacture The method of manufacture of malleable cast iron, as well as its chemical composition and heat treatment, shall be left to the d… 7 Requirements 7.1 Mechanical properties of whiteheart malleable cast iron 7.1.1 Tensile strength and elongation When tested in accordance with clause 9, the values of tensile strength and percentage elongation after fracture (hereafter referred to as elongation) shall be in accordance with the requirements specified in Table 1. 7.1.2 0,2 % proof stress When requested by the purchaser and agreed at the time of acceptance of the order, 0,2 % proof stress shall be determined in acc… 7.1.3 Brinell hardness When requested by the purchaser and agreed at the time of acceptance of the order, Brinell hardness values shall be determined. The method of testing and sampling shall be agreed in accordance with one of the methods specified in annex B. 7.1.4 Impact resistance and ductility In order to optimize impact resistance and ductility, the maximum phosphorus content in the malleable iron shall be as indicated in annex C. 7.2 Mechanical properties of blackheart malleable cast iron 7.2.1 Tensile strength and elongation When tested in accordance with clause 9, the tensile strength and elongation shall be in accordance with the requirements specified in Table 2. 7.2.2 0,2 % proof stress When requested by the purchaser and agreed at the time of acceptance of the order, 0,2 % proof stress shall be determined in acc… 7.2.3 Brinell hardness When requested by the purchaser and agreed at the time of acceptance of the order, Brinell hardness values shall be determined. The method of testing and sampling shall be agreed in accordance with one of the methods specified in annex B. 7.2.4 Impact resistance and ductility In order to optimize impact resistance and ductility, the maximum phosphorus content in the malleable iron shall be as indicated in annex C.
7	a Because of the difficulty in determining the proof stress of small test pieces, the values and the method of measurement shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of acceptance of the order. b Material most suitable for welding. 8 Sampling 8.1 General Test pieces shall be provided to represent the castings produced and shall be heat-treated in accordance with the in-house quality assurance procedures of the manufacturer. All test pieces shall be separately cast. Test pieces shall be made from the metal used to produce the castings that they represent and shall be separately cast in sand moulds during the same period as when the castings are made. In all cases the test pieces shall be heat-treated by the same process as the castings that they represent. 8.2 Number of test pieces The number of test pieces shall be determined by the manufacturer in accordance with the tonnage and types of casting to be produced and the requirement of the purchaser (see 5c). Additional test pieces shall be available in the event of retests being required (see clause 10).
8	a Where a 6 mm diameter test piece is representative of the relevant wall thickness of a casting, this size of the test piece ma… b Material intended particularly for applications in which pressure tightness is more important than a high degree of strength and ductility. 8.3 Size of test pieces The test pieces shall be in accordance with the shape and dimensions given in Figure 1 and Table 3 and shall be unmachined. The diameter d is obtained from the average of two measurements taken in the same plane at right angles to each other. The two values shall not differ by more than 0,7 mm. The diameter d of the test piece shall not vary along the parallel length by more than 0,35 mm. 8.4 Other conditions In the case of whiteheart malleable cast iron, the diameter d of the test piece, in millimetres, shall be representative of the … 9 Test methods 9.1 Tensile test The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with EN 10002-1, but using an unmachined test piece produced in accordance with 8.3, 8.4 and Table 3. 9.2 0,2 % proof stress The 0,2 % proof stress shall be determined only if requested by the purchaser and agreed at the time of acceptance of the order. In this case, the test shall be carried out in accordance with annex A.
9	9.3 Brinell hardness The Brinell hardness shall be determined only if requested by the purchaser and agreed at the time of acceptance of the order. In this case, the test shall be carried out in accordance with annex B. ! 9.4 Impact test 9.4.1 Impact test using Charpy V-notched test pieces When requested by the purchaser and agreed by the time of acceptance of the order, the impact test shall be carried out on three… 9.4.2 Impact test using unnotched test pieces When requested by the purchaser and agreed by the time of acceptance of the order, the impact test shall be carried out at (23 ±… If not otherwise agreed, the unnotched test shall be carried out with the testing parameters corresponding to EN 10045-1:1990, Clause 7. The working range of the pendulum impact machine shall be 300 J.” ! ”
10	! ” 10 Retests If a test piece fails any of the specified tests due to one of the following reasons, and not due to the quality of the iron, that result shall be invalid: a) faulty mounting of the test piece or defective operation of the test machine; b) defective test piece; c) fracture of the test piece beyond the gauge marks; d) casting defect in the test piece, revealed after fracture. If the test piece produces an invalid test result, and the test piece shows primary graphite (eutectic flake graphite), no retes… If the result of the test is invalid, two further test pieces shall be tested, taken from the additional test pieces in accordance with 8.2. If one of the additional test pieces fails, the castings of which they are representative shall be deemed to be nonconforming. ! 11 Inspection documentation When ordering material for pressure equipment applications, the equipment manufacturer has the obligation to request appropriate… For other applications, when requested by the purchaser and agreed with the manufacturer, the manufacturer shall issue for the products the appropriate inspection document in accordance with EN 10204.”
11	Annex A (normative) Determination of 0,2 % proof stress The 0,2 % proof stress values Rp0,2 given in Table 1 and Table 2 shall be determined on tensile test pieces, when this has been requested by the purchaser. For the determination of proof stress, the rate of increase of stress in the elastic range shall not exceed 20 N/mm2 per second…. Annex B (normative) Brinell hardness B.1 General Brinell hardness is a useful additional characteristic of castings made in malleable cast iron. For any malleable cast iron, the determination of Brinell hardness enables the machinability of the material to be assessed. Any decision to measure hardness shall be agreed by the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of acceptance of the order. H… B.2 Sampling method The Brinell hardness test may be carried out using a test piece or a casting provided that the material has not been affected by any prior testing. a) If the test is to be carried out on a test piece, then this shall be performed on one of the shanks, either on a prepared surface or on a cross-section. b) If the test is to be carried out on one casting, then this shall be performed on one or several points as defined and agreed … B.3 Testing method The test method given in EN 10003-1 shall be used for the determination of Brinell hardness, preferably with the largest compatible ball diameter in line with this standard. The test shall be carried out on an appropriately prepared surface so as to ensure a reliable result representative of the material. B.4 Range of hardness values The range of hardness values to be accepted shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of acceptance of the order. Annex C (normative) Impact resistance and ductility, especially at low temperatures Malleable cast irons have good impact resistance and ductility at low temperatures. The chemical composition shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer, but the phosphorus content should not exceed 0,10 … The impact resistance test is normally only requested for EN-GJMB-350-10 (EN-JM1130). If impact resistance testing is required, then the method of testing shall be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of acceptance of the order. Annex D (informative) Bibliography In the preparation of this European Standard, use was made of a document for reference purposes. This informative reference is cited at the appropriate place in the text and the publication is listed hereafter. EN 1560, Founding – Designation system for cast iron – Material symbols and material numbers. ! Annex E (normative) Material grades suitable for pressure equipment E.1 General This Annex shall be taken into account when ordering components from malleable cast iron for pressure equipment which fall into the scope of the PED.
12	! E.2 Material properties For applications under pressure, sufficient ductility and toughness is required in many cases; additionally, other characteristi… The properties of these material grades at (23 ± 5) ˚C shall be as given in Table E.1 and Table E.2. To optimize impact resistance of all grades specified in Table E.1 and Table E.2, phosphorous content should not exceed 0,10 %. ”
13	Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC This European Standard has been prepared under a Mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 97/23/EC. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that Directive and has been implemented as… For this harmonized supporting standard for materials, presumption of conformity to the Essential Requirements of the Directive … WARNING – Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.
14	BS EN 1562:1997 BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL BSI – British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. It is incorporated by Royal Charter. Revisions British Standards are updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions. It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an ina… BSI offers members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of standards. Buying standards Orders for all BSI, international and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services. Tel: +44 (0)20 89… In response to orders for international standards, it is BSI policy to supply the BSI implementation of those that have been published as British Standards, unless otherwise requested. Information on standards BSI provides a wide range of information on national, European and international standards through its Library and its Technical… Subscribing members of BSI are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase pri… Information regarding online access to British Standards via British Standards Online can be found at http://www.bsi-global.com/bsonline. Further information about BSI is available on the BSI website at http://www.bsi-global.com. Copyright Copyright subsists in all BSI publications. BSI also holds the copyright, in the UK, of the publications of the international st… This does not preclude the free use, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such as symbols, and size,… Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Manager. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070. Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7553. Email: [email protected].

Additional information

Publication Date	2006-10-31
Amends	BS EN 1562:1997
Descriptors	Test specimens, Whiteheart malleable cast-iron, Tensile testing, Hardness, Strength of materials, Malleable cast-iron, Testing conditions, Classification systems, Cast-iron, Proof stress, Foundry engineering, Castings, Designations, Ductility, Blackheart malleable cast-iron, Tensile strength, Elongation, Ferrous alloys
Identical National Standard Of	EN 1562:1997/A1:2006
Standard Number	BS EN 1562:1997
ISBN	0 580 28388 7
Replaced By	BS EN 1562:2012
Withdrawn Date	2012-03-31
Pages	14
Committee	ISE/111
Publisher	BSI
Replaces	BS 6681:1986
Title	Founding. Malleable cast irons
Status	Withdrawn
ICS Codes	77.140.80 - Iron and steel castings

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