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BS EN 15910:2014

BS EN 15910:2014

$189.07

Water quality. Guidance on the estimation of fish abundance with mobile hydroacoustic methods

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2014 50
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This European Standard specifies a standardized method for data sampling and procedures for data evaluation of fish populations in large rivers, lakes and reservoirs, using hydroacoustic equipment deployed on mobile platforms (boats and vessels).

This standard covers fish population abundance estimates of pelagic and profundal waters > 15 m mean depth with the acoustic beam oriented vertically, and the inshore and surface waters of water bodies > 2 m depth with the beam oriented horizontally. The size structure of fish populations can only be determined to a relatively low degree of precision and accuracy, particularly from horizontally-deployed echosounders. As acoustic techniques are presently unable to identify species directly, other direct fish catching methods should always be used in combination.

This standard provides recommendations and requirements on equipment, survey design, data acquisition, post-processing of data and results and reporting. A selected literature with references in support of this standard is given in the Bibliography.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
4 Contents Page
6 Foreword
7 Introduction
8 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms
9 4 Principle and field of application
10 Table 1 — Suitability of hydroacoustic sampling techniques for inland water bodies and fish communities
5 Equipment
5.1 General
5.2 System performance
5.2.1 Minimum requirements
11 5.2.2 Optimum requirements
5.3 Calibration
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Types of calibration
5.3.2.1 Full instrument and equipment calibration
5.3.2.2 Beam pattern calibration
12 5.3.2.3 Standard Target tests
13 Table 2 — Example values for target strengths (TS) of tungsten carbide spheres with different diameters for speed of sound (1 450 m/s) in fresh water [35]
6 Survey design
6.1 General
6.2 Design for appropriate resolution and detection
6.3 Pre-planning
14 6.4 Timing of surveys
15 6.5 Transducer orientation and position
6.5.1 General
Table 3 — Comparison of factors influencing data quality for horizontal and vertical surveys
6.5.2 Requirements specific to vertical surveys
16 6.5.3 Requirements specific to horizontal surveys
6.6 Requirements for acoustic inter-comparisons
7 Survey data acquisition
7.1 Acoustic data
17 7.2 Echosounder settings
7.3 Data acquisition from additional equipment
18 8 Post-processing of acoustic data
8.1 General
8.2 Pre-analysis
8.2.1 Bottom detection
8.2.2 Discrimination
8.2.2.1 General
8.2.2.2 Separating noise reverberation and setting TS thresholds
19 Figure 1 — Hypothetical example of unsuitable (Thr.3) and more suitable (Thr. 1 and 2) ways of setting the noise threshold for fisheries surveys
20 8.2.2.3 Separating noise echoes by manual classification
8.2.3 Single Echo/Target Detection (SED/ST) scenarios
8.2.3.1 General
8.2.3.2 Accurate size distribution when SNR is high (>10 dB)
8.2.3.3 Track counting when SNR is medium (<10 dB)
8.2.3.4 Track counting when SNR is low
21 8.3 Analysis
8.3.1 Abundance estimate methods
8.3.2 Vertical surveys
8.3.2.1 Method 1 – Echo integration
8.3.2.2 Method 2 – Track-counting
8.3.2.3 Method 3 – Echo-counting
8.3.3 Horizontal Surveys
8.3.4 Biomass estimates
8.3.4.1 General
22 8.3.4.2 Vertical surveys
8.3.4.3 Horizontal surveys
9 Calculation of Results
9.1 Aim
9.2 Identification of targets
23 9.3 Interpretation of Target Strength data
9.4 Determination of weight and biomass
24 9.5 Outputs of acoustic data
9.5.1 Fish abundance as numerical density
9.5.2 Size structure
25 9.5.3 Biomass
9.6 Estimates of sampling variance and precision
9.6.1 Precision of estimates
9.6.2 Simple Random Analysis
9.6.3 Stratified Analysis
27 10 Quality control and quality assurance
10.1 General
10.2 Quality control
10.3 Quality assurance
11 Survey report
11.1 General
11.2 Objectives, sampling location and staff
28 11.3 Equipment and prerequisites
11.4 Track details, site details and conditions
29 11.5 Survey results
31 Annex A (informative) Supplementary data
33 Annex B (informative) Methods for estimates of fish abundance
Table B.1 — Summary of methods for estimates of fish abundance
34 Annex C (informative) Interpretation of TS into fish length and weight
35 Table C.1 — Regression relationships between target strength (TS) in dB and total length (TL) in millimetres or centimetres for dorsal aspect of fish, according to Formulae (C.1) or (C.2)
36 Table C.2 — Regression relationships between target strength (TS) in dB and total length (TL) in millimetres or centimetres for any body aspect in horizontal plane; α is angle of fish body in a beam in degrees
37 Table C.3 — Regression relationships between target strength (TS) in dB and total length (TL) in millimetres or centimetres for two discrete aspects of the horizontal plane: side aspect, according to Formula , or tail aspect, according to Formula
38 Table C.4 — Regression relationships between target strength (TS) in dB and weight (W) in g or kg for two discrete aspects of the horizontal or vertical plane: side or dorsal aspect, according to Formula TS = A*log (W)+B, or tail aspect, according to …
39 Annex D (informative) Deconvolution procedure
40 Table D.1 — An example of the deconvolution procedure applied to the all-aspects TS frequency distribution for the trout population in Loch of Boardhouse ([23])
41 Annex E (informative) Determination of the Elementary Distance Sampling Unit (EDSU)
42 Annex F (informative) Estimates of sampling variance and precision
43 Annex G (informative) Published inter-comparison studies
Figure G.1 — Regressions relating the results of the two teams for fish density values (a) and for biomass values (b) for each of the 12 transects at Stechlinsee
44 Figure G.2 — Regressions relating the results of the two teams for fish density values (a) and for biomass values (b) for each of the 9 transects at Irrsee
45 Bibliography

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BS EN 15910:2014
$189.07