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BS EN 17488:2021

BS EN 17488:2021

$198.66

Conservation of cultural heritage. Procedure for the analytical evaluation to select cleaning methods for porous inorganic materials used in cultural heritage

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2021 56
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This document gives the test methodology for evaluation of both harmfulness and effectiveness of a cleaning method as applied to porous inorganic materials. Mural paintings and polychromy are excluded.

Evaluation includes the use of on-site analyses and/or laboratory studies.

The evaluation of the potential harm has a higher priority than the effectiveness in order to prevent overcleaning. It is important that cleaning is always at the minimum level deemed effective and that it respects the original surface and finishes. Overcleaning is a term used to indicate that irreversible damage has been done by the unnecessary removal of materials, which are part of the value of the object.

This document applies to:

  1. Part A: all methods of cleaning, which have characteristics of parameterization and reproducibility (see EN 17138 ).

  2. Part B: all new methods that are under development.

This document applies to evaluate the optimum methods for cleaning and the optimization of the parameters of the selected cleaning process.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
9 1 Scope
2 Normative references
10 3 Terms and definitions
11 4 Abbrevations
5 General procedure (Part A)
5.1 Overview
12 5.2 Identification of substrate and characterization of unwanted materials
13 5.3 Selection of suitable cleaning methods to be tested
5.4 Localization, delimitation and numbering of the cleaning trial areas
14 5.5 Design of the evaluation procedure and definition of a referenced cleaned area
17 6 On site surface investigations
6.1 Optical observation
6.1.1 Portable digital microscope
6.1.2 Raking light
6.1.3 Portable digital stereo microscope
6.1.4 Fluorescence induced by UV radiation
18 6.2 Chemical/physical analysis
6.2.1 Measurement of colour
6.2.2 Elemental analysis by portable XRF
6.2.3 Molecular analysis by portable FTIR
6.2.4 Surface ion analysis
19 6.3 Water absorption assessment
6.3.1 General
6.3.2 Determination of water absorption by pipe method (in situ)
6.3.3 Determination of water absorption by contact sponge method (in situ)
6.3.4 Water drop test (in situ)
20 7 Laboratory analysis on samples taken from trial areas
7.1 General
7.2 Sampling
21 7.3 Chemical/physical analysis
7.3.1 Examinations of fragments surfaces by TLOM, RLOM, SEM/ESEM and EDS microanalysis
22 7.3.2 Examinations of thin and polished and cross section by TLOM, RLOM, SEM/ESEM and EDS microanalysis
7.3.3 Vibrational spectroscopy (FTIR, micro-FTIR and Raman)
7.3.3.1 FTIR and Raman
7.3.3.2 Micro-FTIR
7.4 Surface morphology analysis
7.4.1 Measurement of roughness (see ISO 25178)
23 7.5 Wet chemical analysis (on aqueous extract) in the case of chemical cleaning
7.5.1 Extraction procedure
7.5.1.1 General
7.5.1.2 Solubilize powder sampled from surface
7.5.1.3 Water washing
24 7.5.1.4 Application of pads
25 7.5.2 Analysis on aqueous extract
7.5.2.1 General
7.5.2.2 Specific conductivity measurements
7.5.2.3 pH measurement
7.5.2.4 Ion content measurement
8 Overall evaluation of results obtained
26 9 Analytical procedure for testing methods under development on specimens of analogous material (Part B)
9.1 General procedure
28 9.2 Preparation of test specimens
9.2.1 Number and dimensions of test specimens
29 9.2.2 Pre-conditioning of test specimens
9.3 Evaluation process of the cleaning method(s) under test
9.4 Test analysis on specimens before and after the application of cleaning methods
9.4.1 General
9.4.2 Determination of water absorption by capillarity
30 9.4.3 Colour measurement of surfaces
9.4.4 Observation of the surfaces by the stereo microscope
9.4.5 Determination of mass variation
9.4.6 Thin and polished cross sections analysis by TLOM, RLOM, SEM/ESEM-EDS
9.4.6.1 Preparation of thin and polished cross sections
31 9.4.6.2 TLOM, RLOM, SEM/ESEM-EDS analysis
9.4.7 Thin and polished cross sections analysis by TLOM, RLOM, SEM/ESEM-EDS on fragments of surfaces
9.4.8 Cleaning application
32 9.5 Analysis of aqueous extract for chemical cleaning
9.6 Test report
9.6.1 General information
9.6.2 Results of measurements on specimens
35 Annex A (normative)Examples of trial applications
A.1 Examples of trial applications
40 Annex B (informative)Test carried out, findings, inference
B.1 Test carried out, findings, inference
50 Annex C (informative)Specifications to be reported for different cleaning methods (see EN 17138:2018)
C.1 Water cleaning
C.1.1 Nebulous spray and water spray
C.1.2 Aqueous poultices with absorbent material
51 C.1.3 Steam cleaning
C.2 Mechanical cleaning
C.2.1 Micro blasting
C.2.2 Wet jet micro blasting
52 C.2.3 Cryogenic cleaning
C.3 Physical cleaning
C.4 Chemical cleaning
C.4.1 Organic solvents
53 C.4.2 Acidic or alkaline solutions, chelating agents, surfactants
C.4.3 Ion exchange resins

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BS EN 17488:2021
$198.66