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BS EN 61400-11:2013+A1:2018:2019 Edition

BS EN 61400-11:2013+A1:2018:2019 Edition

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Wind turbines – Acoustic noise measurement techniques

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2019 72
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This part of IEC 61400 presents measurement procedures that enable noise emissions of a wind turbine to be characterised. This involves using measurement methods appropriate to noise emission assessment at locations close to the machine, in order to avoid errors due to sound propagation, but far away enough to allow for the finite source size. The procedures described are different in some respects from those that would be adopted for noise assessment in community noise studies. They are intended to facilitate characterisation of wind turbine noise with respect to a range of wind speeds and directions. Standardisation of measurement procedures will also facilitate comparisons between different wind turbines.

The procedures present methodologies that will enable the noise emissions of a single wind turbine to be characterised in a consistent and accurate manner. These procedures include the following:

  • location of acoustic measurement positions;

  • requirements for the acquisition of acoustic, meteorological, and associated wind turbine operational data;

  • analysis of the data obtained and the content for the data report; and

  • definition of specific acoustic emission parameters, and associated descriptors which are used for making environmental assessments.

This International Standard is not restricted to wind turbines of a particular size or type. The procedures described in this standard allow for the thorough description of the noise emission from a wind turbine. A method for small wind turbines is described in Annex F.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 European Foreword
Anchor 50
European foreword to amendment A1
5 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications
8 FOREWORD
10 INTRODUCTION
11 INTRODUCTION to the Amendment
13 1 Scope
2 Normative references
14 3 Terms and definitions
3.4 sound pressure levels
16 4 Symbols and units
18 5 Outline of method
19 6 Instrumentation
6.1 Acoustic instruments
6.1.1 General
6.1.2 Equipment for the determination of the equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure level
6.1.3 Equipment for the determination of A-weighted 1/3-octave band spectra
6.1.4 Equipment for the determination of narrow band spectra
6.1.5 Microphone with measurement board and windscreen
21 6.1.6 Acoustical calibrator
6.1.7 Data recording/playback systems
22 6.2 Non-acoustic Instruments
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Anemometers
6.2.3 Electric power transducer
6.2.4 Other instrumentation
6.3 Traceable calibration
23 7 Acoustic measurements and measurement procedures
7.1 Acoustic measurement positions
26 7.2 Acoustic measurements
7.2.1 General
27 7.2.2 Acoustic measurement requirements
7.2.3 A-weighted sound pressure level
7.2.4 A-weighted 1/3-octave band measurements
7.2.5 A-weighted narrow band measurements
28 7.2.6 Optional acoustic measurements at positions 2, 3 and 4
7.2.7 Other optional measurements
7.2.8 Combining measurement series
8 Non-acoustic measurements
8.1 General
8.2 Wind speed measurements
29 8.2.1 Determination of the wind speed during wind turbine operation
30 8.2.2 Wind speed measurements during background noise measurements
31 8.3 Downwind direction
8.4 Other atmospheric conditions
8.5 Rotor speed and pitch angle measurement
9 Data reduction procedures
9.1 General methodology for sound power levels and 1/3-octave band levels
34 9.2 Calculation of sound pressure levels
9.2.1 General
9.2.2 Calculation of average sound spectra and uncertainty per bin
36 9.2.3 Calculation of average wind speed and uncertainty per bin
37 9.2.4 Calculation of noise levels at bin centres including uncertainty
39 9.3 Apparent sound power levels
40 9.4 Apparent sound power levels with reference to wind speed in 10 m height
9.5 Tonal audibility
9.5.1 General methodology for tonality
42 9.5.2 Identifying possible tones
43 9.5.3 Classification of spectral lines within the critical band
45 9.5.4 Identified tone
9.5.5 Determination of the tone level
9.5.6 Determination of the masking noise level
46 9.5.7 Determination of tonality
9.5.8 Determination of audibility
47 9.5.9 Background noise
10 Information to be reported
10.1 General
10.2 Characterisation of the wind turbine
48 10.3 Physical environment
10.4 Instrumentation
10.5 Acoustic data
49 10.6 Non-acoustic data
50 10.7 Uncertainty
51 Annex A (informative) Other possible characteristics of wind turbine noise emission and their quantification
53 Annex B (informative) Assessment of turbulence intensity
54 Annex C (informative) Assessment of measurement uncertainty
56 Annex D (informative) Apparent roughness length
59 Annex E (informative) Characterization of a secondary wind screen
64 Annex F (normative) Small wind turbines
68 Annex G (informative) Air absorption
70 Annex H (normative) Data treatment for measurement series on different days or with substantially different conditions
71 Bibliography

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BS EN 61400-11:2013+A1:2018
$215.11