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BS EN 61400-23:2014:2015 Edition

BS EN 61400-23:2014:2015 Edition

$189.07

Wind turbines – Full-scale structural testing of rotor blades

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2015 48
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IEC 61400-23:2014 defines the requirements for full-scale structural testing of wind turbine blades and for the interpretation and evaluation of achieved test results. The standard focuses on aspects of testing related to an evaluation of the integrity of the blade, for use by manufacturers and third party investigators. The following tests are considered in this standard: – static load tests; – fatigue tests; – static load tests after fatigue tests; – tests determining other blade properties. The purpose of the tests is to confirm to an acceptable level of probability that the whole population of a blade type fulfils the design assumptions.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
6 CONTENTS
10 1 Scope
2 Normative references
11 3 Terms and definitions
14 4 Notation
4.1 Symbols
4.2 Greek symbols
4.3 Subscripts
4.4 Coordinate systems
15 5 General principles
5.1 Purpose of tests
Figures
Figure 1 – Chordwise (flatwise, edgewise) coordinate system
Figure 2 – Rotor (flapwise, lead-lag) coordinate system
16 5.2 Limit states
5.3 Practical constraints
5.4 Results of test
17 6 Documentation and procedures for test blade
18 7 Blade test program and test plans
7.1 Areas to be tested
7.2 Test program
7.3 Test plans
7.3.1 General
7.3.2 Blade description
19 7.3.3 Loads and conditions
7.3.4 Instrumentation
7.3.5 Expected test results
8 Load factors for testing
8.1 General
8.2 Partial safety factors used in the design
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Partial factors on materials
20 8.2.3 Partial factors for consequences of failure
8.2.4 Partial factors on loads
8.3 Test load factors
8.3.1 Blade to blade variation
8.3.2 Possible errors in the fatigue formulation
Tables
Table 1 – Recommended values for (ef for different number of load cycles
21 8.3.3 Environmental conditions
8.4 Application of load factors to obtain the target load
22 9 Test loading and test load evaluation
9.1 General
9.2 Influence of load introduction
9.3 Static load testing
23 9.4 Fatigue load testing
24 10 Test requirements
10.1 General
10.1.1 Test records
10.1.2 Instrumentation calibration
10.1.3 Measurement uncertainties
10.1.4 Root fixture and test stand requirements
10.1.5 Environmental conditions monitoring
25 10.1.6 Deterministic corrections
10.2 Static test
10.2.1 General
10.2.2 Static load test
26 10.2.3 Strain measurement
10.2.4 Deflection measurement
10.3 Fatigue test
10.4 Other blade property tests
10.4.1 Blade mass and center of gravity
27 10.4.2 Natural frequencies
10.4.3 Optional blade property tests
11 Test results evaluation
11.1 General
11.2 Catastrophic failure
28 11.3 Permanent deformation, loss of stiffness or change in other blade properties
11.4 Superficial damage
11.5 Failure evaluation
12 Reporting
12.1 General
29 12.2 Test report content
12.3 Evaluation of test in relation to design requirements
30 Annex A (informative) Guidelines for the necessity of renewed static and fatigue testing
Table A.1 – Examples of situations typically requiring or not requiring renewed testing
31 Annex B (informative) Areas to be tested
32 Annex C (informative) Effects of large deflections and load direction
Figure C.1 – Applied loads effects due to blade deformation and angulation
33 Annex D (informative) Formulation of test load
D.1 Static target load
D.2 Fatigue target load
Figure D.1 – Polar plot of the load envelope from a typical blade
35 Figure D.2 – Design FSF
Figure D.3 – Area where design FSF is smaller than 1,4 (critical area)
36 D.3 Sequential single-axial, single location
D.4 Multi axial single location
Figure D.4 – rFSF and critical areas, sequential single-axial test
37 Figure D.5 – rFSF and critical area, multi axial test
38 Annex E (informative) Differences between design and test load conditions
E.1 General
E.2 Load introduction
E.3 Bending moments and shear
E.4 Flapwise and lead-lag combinations
Figure E.1 – Difference of moment distribution for target and actual test load
39 E.5 Radial loads
E.6 Torsion loads
E.7 Environmental conditions
E.8 Fatigue load spectrum and sequence
40 Annex F (informative) Determination of number of load cycles for fatigue tests
F.1 General
F.2 Background
F.3 The approach used
Table F.1 – Recommended values for (ef for different number of load cycles
41 Figure F.1 – Simplified Goodman diagram
43 Table F.2 – Expanded recommended values for (ef for different number of load cycles
44 Figure F.2 – Test load factor (ef for different number of load cycles in the test
45 Bibliography

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BS EN 61400-23:2014
$189.07