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BS EN IEC 55016-1-4:2019

BS EN IEC 55016-1-4:2019

$215.11

Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods – Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus. Antennas and test sites for radiated disturbance. measurements

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BSI 2019 116
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CISPR 16-1-4:2019 specifies the characteristics and performance of equipment for the measurement of radiated disturbances in the frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz. Specifications for antennas and test sites are included.  NOTE In accordance with IEC Guide 107, CISPR 16-1-4 is a basic EMC publication for use by product committees of the IEC. As stated in Guide 107, product committees are responsible for determining the applicability of the EMC standard. CISPR and its sub-committees are prepared to cooperate with product committees in the evaluation of the value of particular EMC tests for specific products. The requirements of this publication apply at all frequencies and for all levels of radiated disturbances within the CISPR indicating range of the measuring equipment. Methods of measurement are covered in Part 2-3, further information on radio disturbance is given in Part 3, and uncertainties, statistics and limit modelling are covered in Part 4 of CISPR 16. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2010, Amendment 1:2012 and Amendment 2:2017. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: •  provisions are added to address test site validation in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 1000 MHz using the reference site method, to take into account the receive antenna radiation pattern in the frequency range from 1 GHz to 18 GHz, and further details on test site validation using the NSA method with broadband antennas in the frequency range from 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz. Keywords: radiated disturbances,  frequency range 9 kHz to 18 GHz

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PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
7 Annex ZA(normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
9 English
CONTENTS
15 FOREWORD
17 1 Scope
2 Normative references
18 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
22 3.2 Abbreviated terms
23 4 Antennas for measurement of radiated radio disturbance
4.1 General
4.2 Physical parameter (measurand) for radiated disturbance measurements
24 4.3 Antennas for the frequency range 9 kHz to 150 kHz
4.3.1 General
4.3.2 Magnetic field antenna
4.3.3 Shielding of loop antenna
4.4 Antennas for the frequency range 150 kHz to 30 MHz
4.4.1 Electric field antenna
25 4.4.2 Magnetic field antenna
4.4.3 Balance and electric field discrimination of antennas
4.5 Antennas for the frequency range 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
4.5.1 General
4.5.2 Low-uncertainty antenna for use if there is an alleged non-compliance to the electric disturbance field strength limit
4.5.3 Antenna characteristics
26 Figure 1 – Schematic of radiation from EUT reaching an LPDA antenna directly and via ground reflection at a 3 m site, showing the beamwidth half-angle, (, at the reflected ray
27 4.5.4 Balance of antenna
Figures
29 4.5.5 Cross-polar response of antenna
30 4.6 Antennas for the frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz
4.6.1 General
4.6.2 Receive antenna
31 Figure 2 – RX antenna E-plane radiation pattern example, with limit area shaded for 3 m distance and 2 m EUT width
Figure 3 – Determination of maximum useable EUT width using half-power beamwidth
32 4.7 Special antenna arrangements – large-loop antenna system
5 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range of 9 kHz to 30 MHz
Figure 4 – Determination of maximum useable EUT height using half-power beamwidth
33 6 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz
6.1 General
6.2 OATS
6.2.1 General
6.2.2 Weather-protection enclosure
6.2.3 Obstruction-free area
34 6.2.4 Radio-frequency ambient environment of a test site
Figure 5 – Obstruction-free area of a test site with a turntable
Figure 6 – Obstruction-free area with stationary EUT
35 6.2.5 Ground plane
6.3 Suitability of other test sites
6.3.1 Other ground-plane test sites
6.3.2 Test sites without ground plane (FAR)
36 6.4 Test site validations
6.4.1 General
Tables
Table 1 – Site validation methods applicablefor OATS, OATS-based, SAC, and FAR site types
37 6.4.2 Overview of test site validations
6.5 Basic parameters of the NSA method for OATS and SAC
6.5.1 General equation and table of theoretical NSA values
39 Table 2 – Theoretical normalized site attenuation, AN – recommended geometries for broadband antennasa (1 of 2)
41 6.5.2 Antenna calibration
6.6 Reference site method for OATS and SAC
6.6.1 General
42 6.6.2 Antennas not permitted for RSM measurements
6.6.3 Determination of the antenna pair reference site attenuation on a REFTS
Table 3 – Example template for AAPR data sets
Table 4 – RSM frequency steps
43 6.6.4 Determination of the antenna pair reference site attenuation using an averaging technique on a large OATS
Figure 7 – Test point locations for 3 m and 10 m test distances
45 Figure 8 – Paired test point locations for all test distances
Figure 9 – Example of paired test point selection for a test distance of 10 m
46 6.7 Validation of an OATS by the NSA method
6.7.1 Discrete frequency method
Figure 10 – Illustration of an investigation of influence of antenna mast on AAPR
47 6.7.2 Swept frequency method
48 6.8 Validation of a weather-protection-enclosed OATS or a SAC
49 Figure 11 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – vertical polarization validation measurements
Figure 12 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – horizontal polarization validation measurements
50 6.9 Possible causes for exceeding site acceptability limits
Figure 13 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – vertical polarization validation measurements for a smaller EUT
Figure 14 – Typical antenna positions for a weather-protected OATS or a SAC – horizontal polarization validation measurements for a smaller EUT
51 6.10 Site validation for FARs
6.10.1 General
Table 5 – Maximum dimensions of test volume versus test distance
53 Figure 15 – Measurement positions for FAR site validation
55 6.10.2 RSM for FAR sites
Figure 16 – Example of one measurement position and antenna tiltfor FAR site validation
Table 6 – Frequency ranges and step sizes for FAR site validation
57 6.10.3 NSA method for FAR sites
Figure 17 – Typical quasi free-space test site reference SA measurement set-up
59 6.10.4 Site validation criteria for FAR sites
6.11 Evaluation of set-up table and antenna tower
6.11.1 General
Figure 18 – Theoretical free-space NSA as a function of frequency for different measurement distances [see Equation (16)]
60 6.11.2 Evaluation procedure for set-up table influences
61 7 Test sites for measurement of radio disturbance field strength for the frequency range 1 GHz to 18 GHz
7.1 General
Figure 19 – Position of the antenna relative to the edge above a rectangle set-up table (top view)
Figure 20 – Antenna position abovethe set-up table (side view)
62 7.2 Reference test site
7.3 Test site validation
7.3.1 General
63 7.3.2 Acceptance criterion for site validation
7.4 Antenna requirements for SVSWR standard test procedure
7.4.1 General
64 7.4.2 Transmit antenna
65 Figure 21 – Transmit antenna E-plane radiation pattern example(this example is for informative purposes only)
66 7.4.3 Antennas and test equipment for the SVSWR reciprocal test procedure
Figure 22 – Transmit antenna H-plane radiation pattern(this example is for informative purposes only)
67 7.5 Required positions for site validation testing
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 Descriptions of SVSWR measurement positions in a horizontal plane (Figure 23)
Figure 23 – SVSWR measurement positions in a horizontal plane(see 7.5.2 for description)
68 7.5.3 Descriptions of SVSWR additional measurement positions (Figure 24)
69 7.5.4 Summary of SVSWR measurement positions
Figure 24 – SVSWR positions (height requirements)
70 Table 7 – SVSWR measurement position designations (1 of 3)
72 7.6 SVSWR site validation – standard test procedure
73 7.7 SVSWR site validation – reciprocal test procedure using an isotropic field probe
74 7.8 SVSWR conditional measurement position requirements
75 7.9 SVSWR site validation test report
7.10 Limitations of the SVSWR site validation method
Figure 25 – SVSWR conditional measurement position requirements
Table 8 – SVSWR reporting requirements
76 7.11 Alternative test sites
8 Common mode absorption devices
8.1 General
8.2 CMAD S-parameter measurements
8.3 CMAD test jig
77 8.4 Measurement method using the TRL calibration
Figure 26 – Definition of the reference planes inside the test jig
79 8.5 Specification of ferrite clamp-type CMAD
Figure 27 – The four configurations for the TRL calibration
80 8.6 CMAD performance (degradation) check using spectrum analyzer and tracking generator
Figure 28 – Limits for the magnitude of S11, measured according to the provisions of 8.1 to 8.3
81 Figure 29 – Example of a 50 Ω adaptor construction in the vertical flange of the jig
Figure 30 – Example of a matching adaptor with balun or transformer
82 9 Reverberating chamber for total radiated power measurement
9.1 General
9.2 Chamber
9.2.1 Chamber size and shape
9.2.2 Door, openings in walls, and mounting brackets
Figure 31 – Example of a matching adaptor with resistive matching network
83 9.2.3 Stirrers
9.2.4 Test for the efficiency of the stirrers
Figure 32 – Example of a typical paddle stirrer
84 9.2.5 Coupling attenuation
Figure 33 – Range of coupling attenuation as a function of frequency for a chamber using the stirrer shown in Figure 32
85 10 TEM cells for immunity to radiated disturbance measurement
86 Annexes
Annex A (normative) Parameters of antennas
A.1 General
A.2 Preferred antennas
A.2.1 General
A.2.2 Calculable antenna
A.2.3 Low-uncertainty antennas
87 A.3 Simple dipole antennas
A.3.1 General
88 A.3.2 Tuned dipole
A.3.3 Shortened dipole
89 A.4 Broadband antenna parameters
A.4.1 General
Figure A.1 – Short dipole antenna factors for RL = 50 Ω
90 A.4.2 Antenna type
A.4.3 Specification of the antenna
91 A.4.4 Antenna calibration
A.4.5 Antenna user information
92 Annex B (XXX) (Void)
93 Annex C (normative) Large-loop antenna system for magnetic field induced-current measurements in the frequency range of 9 kHz to 30 MHz
C.1 General
C.2 Construction of an LLAS
C.3 Construction of a large-loop antenna (LLA)
95 Figure C.1 – The LLAS, consisting of three mutually perpendicular large-loop antennas
96 Figure C.2 – An LLA containing two opposite slits, positioned symmetrically with respect to the current probe C
Figure C.3 – Construction of an LLA slit
97 Figure C.4 – Example of an LLA slit construction using a strap of printed circuit board to obtain a rigid construction
Figure C.5 – Construction of the metal box containing the current probe
98 C.4 Validation of an LLA
Figure C.6 – Example showing the routing of several cables from an EUT to minimize capacitive coupling from the leads to the LLAS
99 C.5 Construction of the LLAS verification dipole antenna
Figure C.7 – The eight positions of the LLAS verification dipole during validation of an LLA
Figure C.8 – Validation factor for an LLA of 2 m diameter
100 C.6 Conversion factors
Figure C.9 – Construction of the LLAS verification dipole antenna
102 Figure C.10 – Conversion factors CdA [for conversion into dB(μA/m)] and CdV for conversion into dB(μV/m)] for two standard measuring distances d
Figure C.11 – Sensitivity SD of a large-loop antenna with diameter D relative toa large-loop antenna having a diameter of 2 m
103 Annex D (normative) Construction details for open area test sites inthe frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz (see Clause 6)
D.1 General
D.2 Ground plane construction
D.2.1 Material
D.2.2 Roughness
104 D.3 Services to EUT
D.4 Weather-protection enclosure construction
D.4.1 Materials and fasteners
Figure D.1 – The Rayleigh criterion for roughness in the ground plane
Table D.1 – Maximum roughness for 3 m, 10 m and 30 m measurement distances
105 D.4.2 Internal arrangements
D.4.3 Size
D.4.4 Uniformity with time and weather
D.5 Turntable and set-up table
106 D.6 Receive antenna mast installation
107 Annex E (xxx) (Void)
108 Annex F (informative) Basis for ± 4 dB site acceptability criterion
F.1 General
F.2 Error analysis
Table F.1 – Error budget
110 Annex G (informative) Examples of uncertainty budgets for site validation of a COMTS using RSM with a calibrated antenna pair (see 6.6)
G.1 Quantities to be considered for antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using the averaging technique
Table G.1 – Antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using the large-OATS averaging technique
111 G.2 Quantities to be considered for antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using a REFTS
Table G.2 – Antenna pair reference site attenuation calibration using REFTS
112 G.3 Quantities to be considered for COMTS validation using an antenna pair reference site attenuation
Table G.3 – COMTS validation using an antenna pair reference site attenuation
113 Bibliography

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BS EN IEC 55016-1-4:2019
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