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BS EN IEC 60079-10-1:2021

BS EN IEC 60079-10-1:2021

$215.11

Explosive atmospheres – Classification of areas. Explosive gas atmospheres

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2021 118
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IEC 60079-10-1:2020 is concerned with the classification of areas where flammable gas or vapour hazards may arise and may then be used as a basis to support the proper design, construction, operation and maintenance of equipment for use in hazardous areas. It is intended to be applied where there may be an ignition hazard due to the presence of flammable gas or vapour, mixed with air, but it does not apply to: a) mines susceptible to firedamp; b) the processing and manufacture of explosives; c) catastrophic failures or rare malfunctions which are beyond the concept of normality dealt with in this standard; d) rooms used for medical purposes; e) domestic premises; f) where a hazard may arise due to the presence of combustible dusts or combustible flyings but the principles may be used in assessment of a hybrid mixture. Flammable mists may form or be present at the same time as flammable vapour. In such case the strict application of the details in this document may not be appropriate. Flammable mists may also form when liquids not considered to be a hazard due to the high flash point are released under pressure. In these cases the classifications and details given in this document do not apply. For the purpose of this document, an area is a three-dimensional region or space. Atmospheric conditions include variations above and below reference levels of 101,3 kPa (1 013 mbar) and 20 °C (293 K), provided that the variations have a negligible effect on the explosion properties of the flammable substances. In any site, irrespective of size, there may be numerous sources of ignition apart from those associated with equipment. Appropriate precautions will be necessary to ensure safety in this context. This standard is applicable with judgement for other ignition sources but in some applications other safeguards may also need to be considered. E.g. larger distances may apply for naked flames when considering hot work permits. This document does not take into account the consequences of ignition of an explosive atmosphere except where a zone is so small that if ignition did occur it would have negligible consequences. This third edition of IEC 60079-10-1 cancels and replaces the second edition, published in 2015, and constitutes a technical revision, see foreword for further details.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 European foreword
Endorsement notice
5 English
CONTENTS
9 FOREWORD
13 INTRODUCTION
14 1 Scope
2 Normative references
15 3 Terms and definitions
19 4 General
4.1 Safety principles
20 4.2 Hazardous area classification objectives
21 4.3 Interior of equipment containing flammable materials
4.4 Explosion risk assessment
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Zone of negligible extent
22 4.5 Catastrophic failures
4.6 Competence of personnel
5 Hazardous area classification methodology
5.1 General
23 5.2 Classification by sources of release method
24 5.3 Use of industry codes and national standards
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Fuel gas installations
5.4 Simplified methods
5.5 Combination of methods
25 6 Release of flammable substance
6.1 General
6.2 Sources of release
26 6.3 Forms of release
6.3.1 General
27 6.3.2 Gaseous release
6.3.3 Liquefied under pressure release
6.3.4 Liquefied by refrigeration release
28 6.3.5 Flammable mists release
6.3.6 Vapours release
6.3.7 Liquid release
29 7 Ventilation (or air movement) and dilution
7.1 General
30 7.2 Main types of ventilation
7.2.1 General
7.2.2 Natural ventilation
7.2.3 Artificial ventilation
32 7.2.4 Degree of dilution
Figures
Figure 1 – Dilution Volume
33 8 Type of zone
8.1 General
8.2 Influence of grade of the source of release
8.3 Influence of dilution
8.4 Influence of availability of ventilation
34 9 Extent of zone
10 Documentation
10.1 General
35 10.2 Drawings, data sheets and tables
36 Annex A (informative)Suggested presentation of hazardous areas
A.1 Hazardous area – Preferred symbols for zones
Figure A.1 – Preferred symbols for zones
37 Tables
Table A.1 – Hazardous area classification data sheet – Part I: Flammable substance list and characteristics
38 Table A.2 – Hazardous area classification data sheet – Part II: List of sources of release
39 A.2 Hazardous area suggested shapes
Figure A.2 – Gas or vapour at low pressure(or at high pressure in case of unpredictable release direction)
Figure A.3 – Gas or vapour at high pressure
40 Figure A.4 – Liquefied gas
Figure A.5 – Flammable liquid (non boiling evaporative pool)
41 Annex B (informative)Estimation of sources of release
B.1 Symbols
B.2 Examples of grade of release
B.2.1 General
42 B.2.2 Sources giving a continuous grade of release
B.2.3 Sources giving a primary grade of release
B.2.4 Sources giving a secondary grade of release
B.3 Assessment of grades of release
43 B.4 Summation of releases
44 B.5 Hole size and source radius
45 Table B.1 – Suggested hole cross sections for secondary grade of releases
46 B.6 Forms of release
Figure B.1 – Forms of release
47 B.7 Release rate
B.7.1 General
48 B.7.2 Estimation of release rate
50 B.7.3 Release rate of evaporative pools
52 B.8 Release from openings in buildings
B.8.1 General
Figure B.2 – Specific volumetric evaporation rate of liquids
53 B.8.2 Openings as possible sources of release
B.8.3 Openings classification
54 Table B.2 – Effect of zones on openingsas possible sources of release
55 Annex C (informative)Ventilation guidance
C.1 Symbols
56 C.2 General
C.3 Assessment of ventilation and dilution and its influence on hazardous area
C.3.1 General
57 C.3.2 Effectiveness of ventilation
C.3.3 Criteria for dilution
58 C.3.4 Assessment of ventilation velocity
59 C.3.5 Assessment of the degree of dilution
Table C.1 – Indicative outdoor ventilation velocities (uw)
60 Figure C.1 – Chart for assessing the degree of dilution
61 C.3.6 Dilution in a room
62 C.3.7 Criteria for availability of ventilation
63 C.4 Examples of ventilation arrangements and assessments
C.4.1 Introduction
64 C.4.2 Jet release in a large building
Figure C.2 – Self diffusion of an unimpeded high velocity jet release
65 C.4.3 Jet release in a small naturally ventilated building
C.4.4 Jet release in a small artificially ventilated building
Figure C.3 – Supply only ventilation
66 C.4.5 Release with low velocity
C.4.6 Fugitive emissions
Figure C.4 – Supply and extraction ventilation
67 C.4.7 Local ventilation-extraction
C.5 Natural Ventilation in buildings
C.5.1 General
C.5.2 Wind induced ventilation
Figure C.5 – Local extraction ventilation
68 C.5.3 Buoyancy induced ventilation
70 C.5.4 Combination of the natural ventilation induced by wind and buoyancy
Figure C.6 – Specific volumetric flow rate of fresh air of equivalent effective opening area
71 Figure C.7 – Example of opposing ventilation driving forces
72 Annex D (informative)Estimation of hazardous areas
D.1 General
D.2 Estimating types of the zones
Table D.1 – Zones for grade of release and effectiveness of ventilation
73 D.3 Estimating the extent of the hazardous area
74 Figure D.1 – Chart for estimating hazardous area distances
75 Annex E (informative)Examples of hazardous area classification
E.1 General
E.2 Examples
76 Figure E.1 – Degree of dilution (Example No. 1)
77 Figure E.2 – Hazardous distance (Example No. 1)
Figure E.3 – Zone classification (Example No. 1)
79 Figure E.4 – Degree of dilution (Example No. 2)
81 Figure E.5 – Degree of dilution (Example No. 3)
82 Figure E.6 – Hazardous distance (Example No. 3)
Figure E.7 – Zones classification (Example No. 3)
84 Figure E.8 – Degree of dilution (Example No. 4)
85 Figure E.9 – Hazardous distance (Example No. 4)
86 Figure E.10 – Zones classification (Example No. 4)
88 Figure E.11 – Degree of dilution (Example No. 5)
89 Figure E.12 – Hazardous distance (Example No. 5)
91 Figure E.13 – Enclosed compressor handling natural gas
Table E.1 – Compressor facility handling natural gas
94 Table E.2 – Hazardous area classification data sheet – Part I: Flammable substance list and characteristics
95 Table E.3 – Hazardous area classification data sheet – Part II: List of sources of release (1 of 2)
97 Figure E.14 – Example of hazardous area classification for a compressor facility handling natural gas (elevation)
98 Figure E.15 – Example of hazardous area classification for a compressor facility handling natural gas (plan)
99 Annex F (informative)Schematic approach to classification of hazardous areas
Figure F.1 – Schematic approach to classification
100 Figure F.2 – Schematic approach to classification for continuous grade releases
101 Figure F.3 – Schematic approach to classification for primary grade releases
102 Figure F.4 – Schematic approach to classification for secondary grade releases
103 Annex G (informative)Flammable mists
106 Annex H (informative)Hydrogen
108 Annex I (informative)Hybrid mixtures
I.1 General
I.2 Use of ventilation
I.3 Concentration limits
I.4 Chemical reactions
I.5 Energy/temperature limits
I.6 Zoning requirements
109 Annex J (informative)Useful equations in support tohazardous area classification
J.1 General
J.2 Dilution with air of a flammable substance release
J.3 Estimate of the time required to dilute a flammable substance release
111 Annex K (informative)Industry codes and national standards
K.1 General
112 Table K.1 – Examples of codes and standards
115 Bibliography

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