🔥🔥 Don’t Miss Out on Our End of Autumn Sale. If you have any questions, feel free to click the bottom right corner to contact our customer service..

Concat us[email protected]
Shopping Cart

No products in the cart.

🔍
BS EN IEC 61724-1:2021 – TC:2022 Edition

BS EN IEC 61724-1:2021 – TC:2022 Edition

$280.87

Tracked Changes. Photovoltaic system performance – Monitoring

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2022 172
PDF Format Searchable Printable Preview Now
Guaranteed Safe Checkout
Category:

If you have any questions, feel free to reach out to our online customer service team by clicking on the bottom right corner. We’re here to assist you 24/7.
Email:[email protected]

This International Standard outlines terminology, equipment, and methods for performance monitoring and analysis of photovoltaic (PV) systems. It also serves as a basis for other standards which rely upon the data collected.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 30450598
101 A-30400815
102 undefined
105 Annex ZA (normative)Normative references to international publicationswith their corresponding European publications
107 English
CONTENTS
111 FOREWORD
113 INTRODUCTION
Figure 1 – Possible elements of PV systems
114 Figures
115 1 Scope
2 Normative references
116 3 Terms and definitions
120 4 Monitoring system classification
121 5 General
5.1 Measurement precision and uncertainty
5.2 Calibration
5.3 Repeated elements
5.4 Power consumption
5.5 Documentation
5.6 Inspection
6 Data acquisition timing and reporting
6.1 Samples, records, and reports
122 Figure 2 – Samples, records and reports
123 6.2 Timestamps
6.3 Parameter names
7 Required measurements
Tables
Table 1 – Sampling and recording interval requirements
125 Table 2 – Measured parameters and requirements
128 8 Irradiance
8.1 Sensor types
8.2 General requirements
8.2.1 Overview
8.2.2 Sensor requirements
Table 3 – Multiplier referenced in Table 2
129 8.2.3 Sensor locations
Table 4 – Irradiance sensor requirements
130 8.2.4 Recalibration
8.2.5 Soiling mitigation
8.2.6 Dew and frost mitigation
131 8.2.7 Inspection and maintenance
8.2.8 Sensor alignment
8.3 Measurements
8.3.1 Global horizontal irradiance
8.3.2 In-plane irradiance
132 8.3.3 In-plane rear-side irradiance
8.3.4 In-plane rear-side irradiance ratio
8.3.5 Horizontal albedo
8.3.6 Direct normal irradiance
8.3.7 Diffuse horizontal irradiance
8.3.8 Spectrally matched irradiance
133 8.3.9 In-plane irradiance for concentrator systems
134 8.3.10 Spectral irradiance for concentrator systems
8.3.11 Circumsolar measurements for concentrator systems
135 8.3.12 Satellite remote sensing of irradiance
136 9 Environmental factors
9.1 PV module temperature
9.2 Ambient air temperature
137 9.3 Wind speed and direction
9.4 Soiling ratio
138 9.5 Rainfall
9.6 Snow
9.7 Humidity
10 Tracker system
10.1 Single-axis trackers
10.2 Dual-axis trackers
10.2.1 Monitoring
10.2.2 Pointing error sensor alignment
139 11 Electrical measurements
11.1 Inverter-level measurements
11.2 Plant-level measurements
Table 5 – Inverter-level electrical measurement requirements
Table 6 – Plant-level AC electrical output measurement requirements
140 12 Data processing and quality check
12.1 Night
12.2 Quality check
12.2.1 Removing invalid readings
12.2.2 Treatment of missing data
141 13 Calculated parameters
13.1 Overview
13.2 Summations
13.3 Irradiation
Table 7 – Calculated parameters
142 13.4 Electrical energy
13.4.1 General
13.4.2 DC output energy
13.4.3 AC output energy
13.5 Array power rating
13.5.1 DC power rating
143 13.5.2 AC power rating
13.6 Yields
13.6.1 General
13.6.2 PV array energy yield
13.6.3 Final system yield
144 13.6.4 Reference yield
13.6.5 Bifacial reference yield
13.7 Yield losses
13.7.1 General
13.7.2 Array capture loss
145 13.7.3 Balance of systems (BOS) loss
13.8 Efficiencies
13.8.1 Array (DC) efficiency
13.8.2 System (AC) efficiency
13.8.3 BOS efficiency
146 14 Performance metrics
14.1 Overview
14.2 Summations
14.3 Performance ratios
14.3.1 Performance ratio
Table 8 – Performance metrics
147 14.3.2 Temperature-corrected performance ratios
149 14.3.3 Bifacial performance ratios
14.4 Performance indices
150 15 Data filtering
15.1 Use of available data
15.2 Filtering data to specific conditions
15.3 Reduced inverter, grid, or load availability
151 Annexes
Annex A (informative) Sampling interval
A.1 General considerations
A.2 Time constants
A.3 Aliasing error
152 A.4 Example
153 Annex B (informative) Module temperature sensor selection and attachment
B.1 Objective
B.2 Sensor and material selection
B.2.1 Optimal sensor types
B.2.2 Optimal tapes
154 B.2.3 Cyanoacrylate adhesives and backsheet integrity
B.3 Sensor attachment
B.3.1 Permanent versus temporary
B.3.2 Attachment location
B.3.3 Bifacial modules
B.3.4 Method
155 Figure B.1 – Sensor attachment, permanent
Figure B.2 – Sensor attachment, temporary
156 Figure B.3 – Sensor element wire strain relief
157 Annex C (normative) Soiling measurement using clean and soiled PV reference device pair
C.1 Overview
C.2 Equipment
C.3 Normalization
158 C.4 Measurement method 1 – max power reduction due to soiling
C.5 Measurement method 2 – short-circuit current reduction due to soiling
C.6 Non-uniform soiling
159 C.7 Daily average value
C.8 Renormalization
160 Annex D (informative) Derate factors
162 Annex E (normative) Systems with local loads, storage, or auxiliary sources
E.1 System types
Figure E.1 – Energy flow between possible elements of different PV system types
163 Table E.1 – Elements of different PV system types
164 E.2 Parameters and formulas
Table E.2 – Parameters and formulas for different system types
171 Bibliography

Related products

BS EN IEC 61724-1:2021 - TC
$280.87