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BS EN IEC 62682:2022 2023

BS EN IEC 62682:2022 2023

$215.11

Management of alarm systems for the process industries

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2023 88
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IEC 62682:2022 specifies general principles and processes for the management of alarm systems based on controls system and human-machine interfaces (HMI) for facilities in the process industries. It covers all alarms to be presented to the operator through the control system, which includes alarms from basic process control systems, annunciators, packaged systems, and safety instrumented systems. The practices in this document are applicable to continuous, batch, and discrete processes. There can be differences in implementation to meet the specific needs based on process type. The primary function within the alarm system is to notify operators of abnormal process conditions or equipment malfunctions and support the response. The alarm systems can include both the basic process control system (BPCS) and the safety instrumented system (SIS), each of which uses measurements of process conditions and logic to generate alarms. Figure 1 illustrates the concepts of alarm and response dataflow through the alarm system. The alarm system also includes a mechanism for communicating the alarm information to the operator via an HMI, usually a computer screen or an annunciator. Additional functions of the alarm system are an alarm and event log, an alarm historian, and the generation of performance metrics for the alarm system. There are external systems that can use the data from the alarm system.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 European foreword
Endorsement notice
6 Blank Page
7 English
CONTENTS
14 FOREWORD
16 INTRODUCTION
17 1 Scope
1.1 General applicability
18 1.2 Exclusions and inclusions
1.2.1 Operators
1.2.2 Process sensors and final control elements
1.2.3 Annunciators
1.2.4 Human machine interface
Figures
Figure 1 – Alarm system dataflow
19 1.2.5 Safety instrumented systems
1.2.6 Fire and gas detection and protective systems
1.2.7 Security systems
1.2.8 Packaged systems
1.2.9 Event data
1.2.10 Alarm identification methods
1.2.11 Management of change
1.2.12 Purchase specification
2 Normative references
20 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
29 3.2 Abbreviated terms
30 4 Conformance to this document
4.1 Conformance guidance
4.2 Existing systems
4.3 Use of required functionalities
4.4 Responsibility
4.5 Local Jurisdictions
5 Alarm system models
5.1 Alarm systems
5.2 Alarm management life cycle
5.2.1 Alarm management life cycle model
31 5.2.2 Alarm management life cycle stages
Figure 2 – Alarm management life cycle
34 5.2.3 Alarm management life cycle entry points
5.2.4 Simultaneous and encompassing stages
5.2.5 Alarm management life cycle loops
35 5.2.6 Alarm management life cycle stage inputs and outputs
36 5.3 Alarm states
5.3.1 Alarm state transition diagram
Tables
Table 1 – Alarm management life cycle stage inputs and outputs
37 5.3.2 Alarm states
Figure 3 – Alarm state transition diagram
39 5.3.3 Alarm state transition paths
Table 2 – Summary of alarm states
40 5.4 Alarm response timeline
5.4.1 General
41 5.4.2 Normal (A)
5.4.3 Unacknowledged (B)
5.4.4 Acknowledged (C) and response
Figure 4 – Alarm response timeline
42 5.4.5 Return-to-normal (D)
5.4.6 Allowable response time
5.4.7 Alarm setpoint
5.4.8 Consequence threshold
5.4.9 Alarm deadband
5.5 Feedback model of operator-process interaction
5.5.1 General
43 5.5.2 Detect
5.5.3 Diagnose
5.5.4 Respond
5.5.5 Performance shaping factors
Figure 5 – Feedback model of operator-process interaction
44 6 Alarm philosophy
6.1 Purpose
6.2 Alarm philosophy contents
6.2.1 General
Table 3 – Required and recommended alarm philosophy contents
45 6.2.2 Purpose of alarm system
6.2.3 Definitions
6.2.4 References
6.2.5 Roles and responsibilities for alarm management
6.2.6 Alarm design principles
46 6.2.7 Alarm setpoint determination
6.2.8 Prioritization method
6.2.9 Alarm class definition
6.2.10 Highly managed alarms
6.2.11 Rationalization
47 6.2.12 Alarm documentation
6.2.13 Alarm design guidance
6.2.14 Specific alarm design considerations
6.2.15 HMI design principles
48 6.2.16 Approved enhanced and advanced alarming techniques
6.2.17 Implementation guidance
6.2.18 Alarm response procedures
6.2.19 Training
6.2.20 Alarm shelving
6.2.21 Alarm system maintenance
6.2.22 Testing of alarms
49 6.2.23 Alarm system performance monitoring
6.2.24 Alarm history preservation
6.2.25 Management of change
6.2.26 Alarm management audit
6.2.27 Related site procedures
50 6.3 Alarm philosophy development and maintenance
7 Alarm system requirements specification
7.1 Purpose
7.2 Recommendations
51 7.3 Development
7.4 Systems evaluation
7.5 Packaged systems
7.6 Customization
7.7 Alarm system requirements verification
8 Identification
8.1 Purpose
52 8.2 Alarm identification methods
8.3 Identification training
8.4 Identification documentation
9 Rationalization
9.1 Purpose
53 9.2 Rationalization documentation
9.2.1 Rationalization documentation requirements
9.2.2 Rationalization documentation recommendations
9.2.3 Plant states
9.3 Alarm justification
9.3.1 Alarm justification process
54 9.3.2 Justification approach
9.3.3 Individual alarm justification
9.3.4 Impact on alarm system performance
9.4 Alarm setpoint determination
55 9.5 Prioritization
9.6 Classification
9.7 Review
9.8 Removal of rejected alarms
9.9 Documentation
10 Detailed design: basic alarm design
10.1 Purpose
56 10.2 Basic alarm design capabilities
10.3 Usage of alarm states
10.3.1 Alarm state triggering
10.3.2 Alarm states and other logic functions
10.3.3 Alarm suppression and other logic functions
10.4 Alarm types
57 10.5 Alarm attributes
10.5.1 General
10.5.2 Alarm description
10.5.3 Alarm setpoints
10.5.4 Alarm priority
10.5.5 Alarm deadbands
58 10.5.6 Alarm on-delay and off-delay
10.6 Programmatic changes to alarm attributes
10.7 Review of basic alarm design
59 11 Detailed design: human-machine interface design for alarm systems
11.1 Purpose
11.2 HMI functions
11.2.1 General
11.2.2 HMI information requirements
11.2.3 HMI functional requirements
11.2.4 HMI functional recommendations
11.2.5 HMI display requirements
60 11.2.6 Alarm records requirements
11.2.7 Alarm records recommendations
11.3 Alarm states indications
11.3.1 General
11.3.2 Required alarm state indications
11.3.3 Recommended alarm state indications
62 11.3.4 Audible alarm state indications
11.4 Alarm priority indications
11.4.1 General
11.4.2 Alarm priority indication requirements
11.4.3 Colour alarm priority indications requirements
11.4.4 Recommended alarm priority indications
Table 4 – Recommended alarm state indications
63 11.5 Alarm message indications
11.5.1 General
11.5.2 Recommended alarm message indications
11.6 Alarm displays
11.6.1 General
64 11.6.2 Alarm summary display
65 11.6.3 Alarm summary status
11.6.4 Alarm log displays
66 11.6.5 Process displays
11.6.6 Tag detail displays
11.6.7 Other graphic elements
11.7 Alarm shelving
11.7.1 General
11.7.2 Alarm shelving functional requirements
67 11.7.3 Alarm shelving functional recommendations
11.7.4 Shelved alarm displays
11.8 Out-of-service alarms
11.8.1 General
68 11.8.2 Out-of-service alarm functional requirements
11.8.3 Out-of-service alarm displays
11.9 Alarms suppressed by design
11.9.1 General
69 11.9.2 Designed suppression functional requirements
11.9.3 Designed suppression functional recommendations
11.9.4 Suppressed-by-design displays
70 11.10 Alarm annunciator integration
11.10.1 General
11.10.2 Alarm annunciator integration recommendations
11.10.3 Alarm annunciator display integration recommendations
11.11 Safety related alarm HMI
11.11.1 General
11.11.2 Independent safety related alarm HMI
12 Detailed design: enhanced and advanced alarming
12.1 Purpose
71 12.2 Basis of enhanced and advanced alarming
12.2.1 General
12.2.2 Effort, manpower requirements and complexity
12.3 Information linking
12.4 Logic-based alarming
12.4.1 General
12.4.2 Alarm attribute modification
12.4.3 Externally enabled systems
12.4.4 Logical alarm suppression and attribute modification
12.4.5 State-based alarming
72 12.5 Model-based alarming
12.6 Additional alarming considerations
12.6.1 General
12.6.2 Remote alarm systems
12.6.3 Supplementary alarm systems
12.6.4 Batch process considerations
73 12.7 Training, testing, and auditing systems
12.8 Alarm attribute enforcement
13 Implementation
13.1 Purpose
13.2 Implementation planning
74 13.3 Implementation training
13.3.1 General
13.3.2 Implementation training requirements for new or modified alarms
13.3.3 Training documentation requirements for new or modified highly managed alarms
13.3.4 Training documentation recommendations for new or modified alarms
13.3.5 Implementation training requirements for new or modified alarm systems
13.3.6 Implementation training recommendations for new or modified alarm systems
13.4 Implementation testing and verification
13.4.1 General
75 13.4.2 Implementation testing requirements for highly managed alarms
13.4.3 Implementation testing recommendations for new or modified alarms
13.4.4 Implementation testing requirements for new or modified alarm systems
13.5 Implementation documentation
13.5.1 General
13.5.2 Documentation requirements
76 13.5.3 Implementation documentation recommendations
14 Operation
14.1 Purpose
14.2 Alarm response procedures
14.2.1 Alarm response procedures requirements
14.2.2 Alarm response procedure recommendations
77 14.3 Alarm shelving
14.3.1 Alarm shelving requirements
14.3.2 Alarm shelving for highly managed alarms
14.3.3 Alarm shelving recommendations
14.3.4 Alarm shelving record requirements
14.3.5 Shift change procedures and alarm review
14.4 Refresher training for operators
14.4.1 Refresher training requirements for operators
14.4.2 Refresher training documentation requirements for highly managed alarms
78 14.4.3 Refresher training content for highly managed alarms
14.4.4 Refresher training recommendations for alarms
15 Maintenance
15.1 Purpose
15.2 Periodic alarm testing
15.2.1 General
15.2.2 Periodic alarm testing requirements
15.2.3 Periodic alarm testing for highly managed alarms
79 15.2.4 Periodic alarm test procedure requirements
15.2.5 Periodic alarm test procedure recommendations
15.2.6 Periodic alarm testing recommendations
15.3 Out-of-service alarms
15.3.1 General
15.3.2 Out-of-service process requirements
15.3.3 Out-of-service highly managed alarms
80 15.3.4 Out-of-service process recommendations
15.3.5 Requirements for returning alarms to service
15.4 Equipment repair
15.5 Equipment replacement
15.6 Refresher training for maintenance
15.6.1 General requirements
15.6.2 Refresher training requirements for highly managed alarms
15.6.3 Refresher training recommendations for alarms
16 Monitoring and assessment
16.1 Purpose
81 16.2 Performance monitoring requirements
16.3 Monitoring and assessment
16.3.1 General
16.3.2 Alarm system performance metrics
16.3.3 Average alarm rate per operator console
82 16.3.4 Peak alarm rate per operator console
16.3.5 Alarm floods
16.3.6 Frequently occurring alarms
16.3.7 Chattering and fleeting alarms
Table 5 – Average alarm rates
83 16.3.8 Stale alarms
16.3.9 Annunciated alarm priority distribution
16.3.10 Rationalization and alarm priority distribution
16.4 Unauthorized alarm suppression
Table 6 – Example annunciated alarm priority distribution
84 16.5 Alarm attribute monitoring
16.6 Reporting of alarm system analyses
16.7 Alarm performance metric summary
17 Management of change
17.1 Purpose
Table 7 – Recommended alarm performance metrics summary
85 17.2 Changes subject to management of change
17.3 Change documentation requirements
17.4 Alarm removal recommendations
17.5 Alarm documentation review recommendations
18 Audit
18.1 Purpose
18.2 Benchmark
86 18.3 Audit requirements
18.4 Audit interviews
18.5 Audit process recommendations
18.6 Action plans
87 Bibliography

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BS EN IEC 62682:2022 2023
$215.11