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BSI 23/30448863 DC 2023

BSI 23/30448863 DC 2023

$24.66

Draft of BS 7533-102 Pavements constructed with clay, concrete or natural stone paving units – Part 102. Installation of pavements using modular paving units. Code of practice

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BSI 2023 101
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PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 30448863 Form 36
3 30448863
8 Publishing information
Supersession
Relationship with other publications
Information about this document
9 Hazard warnings
Use of this document
Presentational conventions
Contractual and legal considerations
10 1 Scope
2 Normative references
12 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1 aspect ratio
3.1.2 base
3.1.3 bedding mortar
3.1.4 binder
3.1.5 bishopā€™s mitre
3.1.6 bound construction
3.1.7 bound surface construction
3.1.8 capping layer
3.1.9 cement bound granular material (CBGM)
3.1.10 coarse graded aggregate (CGA)
3.1.11 clay paving unit
3.1.12 cobble
3.1.13 commercial vehicle
13 3.1.14 complementary fitting
3.1.15 concrete paving block
3.1.16 creep
3.1.17 design and build
3.1.18 drainage fitting
3.1.19 flag
3.1.20 level of formation
3.1.21 foundation
3.1.22 geogrid
3.1.23 geotextile
3.1.24 heavy goods vehicle HGV
3.1.25 hydraulic binder
3.1.26 hydraulic mortar
3.1.27 inboard cutting
3.1.28 inspection and test plan
3.1.29 interlock
14 3.1.30 joint
3.1.31 joint offset
3.1.32 joint width
3.1.33 jointing material
3.1.34 kerb race
3.1.35 kerb edge beam
3.1.36 laying course
3.1.37 laying face
3.1.38 laying pattern
3.1.39 light goods vehicle (LGV)
3.1.40 light commercial vehicle
3.1.41 modular pavement
3.1.42 mortar joint
3.1.43 movement joint
3.1.44 million standard axles msa
3.1.45 nib
3.1.46 pavement
3.1.47 paving unit
15 3.1.48 porcelain slab
3.1.49 public realm
3.1.50 race
3.1.51 restraint
3.1.52 screeder board
3.1.53 screeding rail
3.1.54 sett
3.1.55 sharp sand
3.1.56 slab
3.1.57 standard axle
3.1.58 statutory undertaker
3.1.59 stiffness modulus (E)
3.1.60 stop point
3.1.61 sub-base layer
16 3.1.62 sub-base material
3.1.63 subgrade
3.1.64 surface course
3.1.65 traffic categories
3.1.66 unbound construction
3.1.67 unbound surface course
3.1.68 void
17 3.1.69 windrow
3.2 Abbreviated terms
18 4 Traffic categories 3 and below where no design has been provided in accordance with BS 7533-101
4.1 General
4.2 Surface drainage
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
8.1.
8.2.
19 4.3 Paving units and their installation
8.3.
8.4.
4.3.1 Performance criteria for paving units
4.3.2 Standard dimensions of paving units
21 4.3.3 Non-standard paving units
4.3.4 Joint width
8.5.
4.3.4.1 Joint width for unbound construction
22 4.3.4.2 Joint width for bound construction
4.3.5 Construction depth
4.3.5.1 General
8.6.
4.3.5.2 Thickness of bedding or laying course
25 4.3.6 Base layer for all surface construction types
4.3.6.1 Minimum thickness
4.3.6.2 Sub-base and base layer materials
26 4.4 Site assessment and investigation
8.7.
8.8.
4.4.1 Presence of plants and tree roots
4.4.2 Visual site investigation
4.4.3 Simple intrusive investigation
4.4.4 Previously built ground
4.4.4.1 General
27 4.4.4.2 Adjacent areas combining existing base and new base construction
4.5 Kerbs and restraints
8.9.
4.5.1 Kerbs and perimeter edge restraints
4.5.2 Intermediate restraints
28 4.6 Installation of kerbs and restraints
4.7 Construction of sub-base and base
4.8 Construction of an unbound pavement
4.9 Construction of a bound pavement
5 Pre-construction phase for work in all traffic categories
5.1 Review of design and specification
5.2 Construction drawings
5.3 Risk assessments
5.4 Storage and disposal of waste
5.5 Construction programme management
29 5.6 Method statement
5.6.1 General
5.6.2 Hold points
8.10.
8.11.
8.12.
8.13.
8.14.
5.6.3 Personnel and welfare
5.6.4 Equipment
5.6.5 Materials
30 5.6.6 Lead times
5.6.7 Acceptance and storage of materials
5.6.7 Recording and correcting defects identified during the installation
5.7 Inspection and test plan
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
9.1.
9.2.
9.3.
9.4.
9.5.
9.6.
5.8 Site investigation
9.7.
5.8.1 General
5.8.2 Trial holes and ground conditions
31 5.8.3 Footprint test for subgrade (CBR)
5.8.4 Evaluation of existing materials for overlay construction
8.15.
32 5.8.5 Acceptance of overall construction design
6 Site set out
6.1 General
6.2 Setting out datum point, lines and levels
7 Construction of sub-base and base for all traffic categories
7.1 Sub-surface utilities
33 7.2 Prior to installation
7.3 Installation procedure
7.4 Sub-base and base compaction
34 7.5 Checks on thickness of sub-base and base
8 Installation of waterproofing layer for structural slabs
35 9 Installation of restraints, kerbs, drainage, and channel units
9.1 General
9.2 Jointing kerbs
9.3 Bedding on a concrete edge beam or base using mortar
9.4 Laying units directly onto a windrow of fresh concrete
36 9.5 Concrete for installing kerbs and restraints
9.6 Fixing units to an existing surface
9.7 Construction details
9.8 Cutting kerbs and channels to short lengths
9.9 Laying kerbs and channels to a radius
9.10 Laying straight kerbs and channels to a radius
37 9.11 Trimming the end of straight kerbs and channels to form a radius
10 Construction of steps
10.1 General
10.2 Surface water drainage
38 10.3 Monolithic precast concrete or natural stone steps
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
14.1.
14.2.
14.3.
10.3.1 General
10.3.2 Monolithic steps laid onto fresh concrete
10.3.3 Monolithic steps laid onto a profiled concrete foundation
10.4 Steps clad using modular paving units
10.5 Jointing steps
14.4.
14.5.
10.5.1 General
10.5.2 Jointing steps with mortar
39 11 Sub-surface drainage
11.1 Formation level
11.2 Surface course
11.2.1 For a surface course laid using unbound construction, the base layer should be sufficiently water permeable to prevent the bedding layer becoming saturated.
11.2.2 Where an impermeable layer exists beneath the pavement construction such that the passage of water downwards is impeded, secondary lateral drainage should be provided where necessary.
11.2.3 Prior to installation of the surface course, the contractor should verify that the recommendations of 11.2.1 and 11.2.2 have been followed.
11.3 Bound surface course
40 12 Pavement construction falls and tolerances
12.1 Surface gradients
15.
16.
16.1.
12.2 Gradients of subsurface layers
12.3 Level tolerance of pavement layers and pavement surface regularity
41 13 Construction of a modular pavement surface course
13.1 General
13.2 Setting out
17.
17.1.
17.2.
13.2.1 General
13.2.2 Rectangular paving units laid in stretcher bond pattern
42 13.2.3 Rectangular paving units having varying or random lengths
13.2.4 Rectangular units not aligning with an edge at 90
13.2.5 Units laid in arched patterns
13.2.6 Cutting of rectangular paving units to form curved rows
13.2.7 Irregularly shaped interlocking paving units
13.2.8 Complementary paving units
43 13.3 Cutting of paving units around obstructions
17.3.
13.3.1 General
13.3.2 False joints
14 Construction of an unbound surface course
14.1 Preparation
18.
18.1.
18.2.
14.1.1 General
14.1.2 Tolerances and levels for unbound surface construction
44 14.1.3 Installation over an impermeable base
14.2 Installation of laying course for unbound surface construction
18.3.
14.2.1 General
14.2.2 Moisture content
14.2.3 Precast concrete, clay and sawn sided stone paving units
45 14.2.4 Cropped and riven paving units
14.3 Installation of paving units for unbound surface construction
18.4.
14.3.1 Precast concrete, clay and sawn sided stone paving units
46 14.3.2 Cropped sided paving units
14.3.3 Joint widths for unbound surface construction
14.4 Compaction procedure
18.5.
14.4.1 General
14.4.2 Temporary restraints in unbound surface construction
47 14.4.3 Initial compaction of paving units into the bedding layer
14.4.4 Final compaction of paving units into the laying course
14.5 Joint filling after compaction of paving units into the laying course
14.6 Secondary compaction of the surface course
48 14.7 Construction in adverse weather conditions for unbound surface construction
14.8 Additional work after early trafficking for unbound surface construction
18.6.
18.7.
18.8.
18.9.
18.10.
15 Construction of a bound surface course
15.1 Movement joints in bound surface construction
19.
19.1.
19.2.
15.1.1 General
49 15.1.2 Contraction and day joints
15.2 Tolerances and levels for bound pavements
15.3 Preparation
19.3.
19.4.
15.3.1 General
15.3.2 Bound surface course laid upon a concrete or other hydraulically bound base
15.3.3 Bound surface course laid upon an asphalt concrete base
50 15.3.4 Bound surface course laid over an unbound sub-base or base
15.4 Bedding of bound construction
19.5.
15.4.1 General
15.4.2 Cleaning of paving units prior to laying
15.4.3 Laying of bedding mortar with bonding mortar on a concrete base
15.4.4 Laying of paving units with bonding mortar
15.4.5 Laying of bedding mortar and paving units without bonding mortar
51 15.5 Filling of open joints using mortar
19.6.
15.5.1 General
15.5.2 Filling of joints using a mortar slurry grout
15.5.3 Pointing of joints using a plastic consistency mortar
52 15.6 Construction in adverse weather conditions for bound surface construction
15.7 Protection and curing
15.8 Site sampling and testing
19.7.
19.8.
15.8.1 Sampling of mortar components and proprietary mortar
15.8.2 Consistency of fresh mortar
15.8.2.1 Plastic mix
15.8.2.2 Moist mix
53 15.8.3 Bedding mortar sample preparation
15.8.4 Jointing mortar sample preparation
15.8.5 Storage of samples on site
15.8.6 Frequency of sampling
15.8.7 Testing of samples
15.8.8 Early trafficking for bound surface construction
54 15.9 Infill concrete
15.10 Pavement cleaning following completion of works
16 Routine cleaning
55 17 Structural maintenance and repair
17.1 General
17.2 Opening of modular pavement surfaces in unbound construction
17.3 Opening of modular pavement surfaces in bound construction
20.
21.
21.1.
21.2.
21.3.
17.3.1 General
17.3.2 Removal of jointing mortar
17.3.3 Removal of large paving units, slabs and flags
17.3.4 Removal of small paving units, pavers and setts
17.3.5 Cleaning of paving units
56 17.4 Reinstatement of foundation layer in trench and openings
21.4.
17.4.1 General
17.4.2 Unbound construction
17.4.3 Bound construction
17.4.4 Foamed concrete
17.5 Reinstatement of unbound surface layer
21.5.
17.5.1 Preparation before laying
17.5.2 Laying of paving units
57 17.6 Reinstatement of bound surface layer
21.6.
17.6.1 Preparation before laying
17.6.2 Laying of paving units
17.7 Reinstatement of damaged or lost jointing mortar in bound pavements
58 Annex A (informative) Simple permeameter test
A.1 Principle
A.2 Test equipment
A.2.1 Metal or plastic ring, having inside diameter minimum 290 mm and height minimum 30 mm.
A.2.2 Mastic sealant, rapid setting mortar or another method of making a watertight seal between the ring to the surface of the base to be tested.
A.2.3 Circular template or stencil, having outside diameter equal to the inside diameter of the ring.
A.2.4 Test liquid, consisting of clean water.
A.2.5 Stopwatch.
A.3 Test procedure
A.3.1 Place the circular template or stencil on the surface of the base to be tested.
A.3.2 Apply the sealant or mortar to the surface of the base, around the perimeter of the stencil, to a width of at least 10 mm.
A.3.3 Remove the stencil.
A.3.4 Press the metal or plastic ring into the sealant so that a watertight seal is achieved.
A.3.5 If the materials used to form a seal require a period of time to cure, allow this time to elapse before proceeding further with the test.
A.3.6 Make a mark on the inner wall of the ring, 30 mm above the surface of the base.
A.3.7 Pour sufficient clean water into the ring to thoroughly wet the surface, typically not less than 2 l.
A.3.8 After approximately 60 s, add clean water, up to the level of the 30 mm mark.
A.3.9 Using the stopwatch, measure the time taken until all water has drained through the surface of the base.
A.4 Evaluation of test results
59 Annex B (informative) Identification of materials and CBR values using a simple field test
Table B.1 Identification of materials and CBR values
60 Annex C (informative) Concrete and mortar slump test
C.1 General
C.2 Test equipment
C.2.1 Hollow cone or conical shaped container (see Figure C.1).
C.2.2 Compacting rod (see Figure C.1).
C.2.3 Ruler or tape measure.
C.2.4 Non-absorbent, stiff base plate, which is wider than and fully covers the open mouth at the base of the conical container (see Figure C.1).
C.2.5 Shovel or trowel.
C.2.6 Timer.
C.3 Test procedure
61 C.4 Measurement
62 Annex D (normative) Falls for surface drainage to pavements
63 Annex E (normative) Materials
E.1 Foundation and unbound base materials
E.2 Bound base materials
64 E.3 Laying course materials for unbound surface construction
E.3.1 General
E.3.2 Concrete blocks and flags, clay pavers and sawn sided sandstone setts in all traffic categories for unbound surface construction
E.3.3 Natural stone slabs in all traffic categories and cropped natural stone setts in traffic categories 1 to 4 for unbound surface construction
65 E.3.4 Cropped natural stone setts in traffic categories 5 to 9 for unbound surface construction
E.4 Laying course materials for bound surface construction
E.4.1 Proprietary bedding mortar
E.4.2 Site-batched non-proprietary bedding mortar for bound surface construction
66 E.4.3 Bonding mortar for bound surface construction
E.5 Jointing materials for unbound surface construction
E.5.1 General
E.5.2 Concrete, clay and sawn sided paving units for unbound surface construction
E.5.3 Cropped/cleft stone paving units for unbound surface construction
67 E.6 Jointing materials for bound surface construction
E.6.1 Slurry grout jointing mortar
E.6.2 Proprietary jointing mortar
E.6.3 Site-batched non-proprietary jointing mortar for bound surface construction
E.7 Light reflection value
E.8 Concrete blocks
E.8.1 General
68 E.8.2 Weathering resistance
E.8.3 Abrasion resistance
E.9 Concrete flags
E.9.1 General
E.9.2 Weathering resistance
E.9.3 Abrasion resistance
E.10 Clay pavers
E.10.1 General
69 E.10.2 Weathering resistance
E.10.3 Abrasion resistance
E.11 Natural stone setts and slabs
E.11.1 General
E.11.1.1 Any natural stone setts used:
E.11.1.2 Only natural stone slabs conforming to BS EN 1341 should be used.
E.11.2 Flexural strength of natural stone slabs
E.11.3 Abrasion resistance
70 E.11.4 Water absorption
E.11.5 Weathering resistance
E.12 Concrete kerbs
E.12.1 General
E.12.2 Bending strength
E.12.3 Weathering resistance
E.12.4 Abrasion resistance
71 E.13 Natural stone kerbs
E.14 Declaration of Performance (DoP)
72 Annex F (informative) Slip/skid resistance
F.1 Introduction
F.2 Trafficked surfaces
F.3 Construction of slip/skid resistant surfaces
F.4 Maintenance and risk management
F.5 Slip/skid resistance requirements
F.5.1 Introduction
73 F.5.2 USRV and PPV/PSRV
F.5.3 Additional testing considerations
Annex G (normative) Reference sample, visual inspection and acceptance
74 Annex H (informative) Vibratory compaction equipment for surface and subsurface layers
77 Annex I (informative) Typical edge restraint and linear drainage details
91 Annex K (informative) Typical movement joint details
93 Annex L (informative) Modular payment laying patterns
98 Annex M (informative) Roles and responsibilities
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
M.1 General
M.2 Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2015 [13]
M.3 Clientā€™s responsibilities
M.4 Designersā€™ responsibilities
M.5 Project managerā€™s responsibilities
99 M.6 Contractorā€™s responsibilities
M.7 Design and build responsibilities

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BSI 23/30448863 DC 2023
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