BSI PD CEN/TR 16999:2019
$215.11
Solar energy systems for roofs. Requirements for structural connections to solar panels
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| BSI | 2019 | 76 |
This Technical Report provides guidance on the principles and requirements of structural design for the safety and serviceability of the structural connection between solar energy panels (thermal or photovoltaic) that are mounted on flat or pitched roofs. This Technical Report does not include requirements for: – weather tightness of the roof, solar panels and connections; – electrical, thermal or mechanical characteristics of the solar panels; – precautions against fire of the installation.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | undefined |
| 11 | 1 Scope 2 Normative references |
| 12 | 3 Terms and definitions 4 Symbols 5 Configuration of solar panel installation 6 Design responsibility 7 Thermal solar collectors and PV solar panels |
| 13 | 8 Principles of limit state structural design 8.1 General 8.2 Design situations 8.3 Ultimate limit state 8.4 Serviceability limit state 9 Determination of actions 9.1 Permanent actions (G) 9.2 Variable actions (Q) 9.2.1 General |
| 14 | 9.2.2 Imposed loads 9.2.3 Snow loads 9.2.3.1 General 9.2.3.2 Return period 9.2.3.3 Sliding snow loads on pitched roofs 9.2.4 Wind loads 9.2.4.1 General 9.2.4.2 Return period |
| 15 | 9.2.5 Critical load combinations 9.2.6 Load combination factor ψ 9.2.7 Partial safety factors for actions 9.2.8 Consequence of structural failure |
| 16 | 10 Structural resistance of connections 10.1 Configuration and type of connectors 10.2 Design by calculation 10.3 Design assisted by testing |
| 17 | 11 Design for accidental action 12 Design for seismic action |
| 19 | Annex A (informative)Examples of connection design A.1 Fixing hook for PV solar panels mounted above tiled roof A.1.1 Description of the system A.1.2 Climate zone A.1.3 Loads A.1.3.1 Dead loads |
| 20 | A.1.3.2 Imposed load A.1.3.3 Wind and snow loads A.1.3.4 Calculation of the wind load acting on the panels |
| 21 | A.1.3.5 Snow loads A.1.3.6 Summary of loads acting on a single panel, in directions normal to the roof and down the roof |
| 22 | A.1.4 Factored load combinations for the ultimate limit state |
| 23 | A.1.5 Factored load combinations for the serviceability limit state |
| 24 | A.1.6 Structural resistance (by test) A.1.6.1 General |
| 25 | A.1.6.2 Characteristic Resistance |
| 26 | A.1.6.3 Safety factors and design resistance |
| 27 | A.1.7 Design verification – derivation of the number of hooks required |
| 29 | A.2 Thermal solar collector on flat roof stabilized with dead weight A.2.1 Description of the system A.2.2 Climate zone A.2.3 Loads A.2.3.1 Dead loads A.2.3.2 Wind load at roof height Z |
| 30 | A.2.4 Ultimate load case for uplift and sliding A.2.5 Serviceability limit state A.2.6 Ultimate resistance to uplift and sliding |
| 31 | A.2.7 Design downward load on roof (concrete blocks + collector + downward wind + snow, excluding self weight of roof structureConcrete blocks: 14×0,35×1,35 = 6,62kN (γG = 1,35) |
| 32 | A.2.8 Verify the design load and compression strength of the aluminium member BD A.2.8.1 Critical load case: Snow + downward wind |
| 35 | A.2.8.2 Compression strength of member BD |
| 36 | A.2.9 Summary of design verification for compression member BD |
| 37 | A.3 Connections for an in-roof solar PV system A.3.1 Description of the system A.3.2 Climate zone A.3.3 Loads A.3.3.1 Dead load A.3.3.2 Imposed loads A.3.3.3 Wind loads |
| 38 | A.3.3.4 Snow loads A.3.3.5 Thermal loads |
| 39 | A.3.4 Vector load components A.3.5 Ultimate limit state load combinations A.3.5.1 Ultimate limit state criteria A.3.5.2 Load cases |
| 40 | A.3.5.3 Vectorial load |
| 41 | A.3.6 Serviceability limit state load combinations A.3.6.1 Serviceability limit state criteria A.3.7 Structural resistance of connections A.3.7.1 Lower side of module |
| 43 | A.3.7.2 Upper edge of module |
| 44 | A.3.8 Design verification (resistance ≥ loads) A.3.8.1 Lower edge of module |
| 45 | A.3.8.2 Upper interlocking profile A.4 Earthquake resistant design of solar PV panel connections A.4.1 Description of the system A.4.2 Seismic zone A.4.3 Calculation of the seismic load acting on the panels |
| 47 | A.4.4 Seismic load and other loads acting on a single panel A.4.5 Load Combination |
| 49 | Annex B (normative)Supplementary information on wind actions B.1 General B.2 Terms and definitions (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.0) B.2.1 back panel (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.1) B.2.2 building construction (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.2) B.2.3 eave height (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.3) B.2.4 photovoltaic element (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.4) B.2.5 combined element (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.5) B.2.6 closed substructure (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.6) B.2.7 façade (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.7) |
| 50 | B.2.8 sloping roof (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.8) B.2.9 high side (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.9) B.2.10 mounting method (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.10) B.2.11 mounting method 1 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.11) |
| 51 | B.2.12 mounting method 2 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.12) |
| 52 | B.2.13 mounting method 3 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.13) |
| 53 | B.2.14 mounting method 4 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.14) |
| 54 | B.2.15 mounting method 5 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.15) |
| 55 | B.2.16 low side (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.16) B.2.17 substructure (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.17) B.2.18 open substructure (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.18) B.2.19 flat roof (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.19) B.2.20 thermal element (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.20) |
| 56 | B.2.21 external dividing construction (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.21) B.2.22 solar element (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.22) B.2.23 solar energy system (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 3.23) B.3 Requirements for the construction (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 6) B.3.1 General (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 6.1) B.3.2 Wind load (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 6.2) B.3.2.1 General (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 6.2.1) |
| 57 | B.3.2.2 Net pressure coefficient for mounting method 1 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 6.2.2) |
| 61 | B.3.2.3 Net pressure coefficients for mounting method 2 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 6.2.3) |
| 64 | B.3.2.4 Net pressure coefficient cp net, for mounting method 3 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 6.2.4) |
| 71 | B.3.2.5 Net pressure coefficient mounting methods 4 and 5 (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 6.2.5) B.3.3 Determination of the design value for wind load resistance of solar energy systems according to assembly method1 and 2 by testing (research prototype) (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 11.2) B.3.3.1 General (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 11.2.1) |
| 72 | B.3.3.2 Principle (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 11.2.2) B.3.3.3 Sampling (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 11.2.3) B.3.3.4 Test Conditions (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 11.2.4) B.3.3.5 Specimen (NEN 7250:2014/A1:2015 11.2.5) |
