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BSI PD IEC TR 63282:2020

$198.66

LVDC systems. Assessment of standard voltages and power quality requirements

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2020 70
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The purpose of this document is to collect information and report experience in order to make recommendations for the standardization of voltage levels and related aspects (power quality, EMC, measurement ā€¦) for LVDC systems (systems with voltage level lower than 1 500 V d.c.).

Rationale for the proposed voltage values are given. Variation of parameters for the voltage (power quality) and recommendation for their boundaries are defined. Nevertheless, some of the technical items are not exhaustively explained in this document and some gaps are identified for future work.

Attention is paid to the definition of DC voltage.

Systems in which a unipolar voltage is interrupted periodically for certain purposes, e.g. pulse voltage, are not considered.

Traction systems are excluded from this document.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 CONTENTS
7 FOREWORD
9 INTRODUCTION
10 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
14 4 Structure of LVDC systems
4.1 General
4.2 Architecture
Figures
Figure 1 ā€“ Unipolar, balanced and bipolar DC systems
15 4.3 Operation modes
4.3.1 Passive DC systems
4.3.2 Active DC systems
5 LVDC voltage division
5.1 General
Tables
Table 1 ā€“ Difference between unipolar and bipolar systems
16 5.2 Voltage bands
Figure 2 ā€“ Voltage bands in DC systems
17 5.3 Operation ranges with respect to DC voltage and time
Figure 3 ā€“ DC Voltage areas for safe interoperability
18 5.4 States
19 6 Power quality phenomena relevant to LVDC networks
6.1 General
6.2 Relationships between voltage band and power quality in LVDC systems
20 6.3 Supply voltage deviation
Figure 4 ā€“ Relationships between voltage band and power quality in LVDC systems
21 6.4 Ripple and high frequency noise
22 6.5 Voltage swell
Figure 5 ā€“ Voltage swell example
23 6.6 Voltage dip
Figure 6 ā€“ Voltage dip example
24 6.7 Voltage supply interruption
6.8 Rapid voltage change (RVC)
25 6.9 Voltage surges
Figure 7 ā€“ RVC event: example of a change in average voltagethat results in an RVC event
26 6.10 Voltage unbalance
Figure 8 ā€“ Example of voltage surge
27 7 Recommendations
7.1 General
7.2 Recommended voltages
Figure 9 ā€“ A schematic of a bipolar system (the CIGRE B4 DC test system)
28 7.3 EMC and compatibility levels
Figure 10 ā€“ Relation between disturbance levels (schematic significance only)
Table 2 ā€“ Voltage between lines (unipolar systems)or line and midpoint (bipolar systems)
Table 3 ā€“ Voltage between lines (bipolar systems)
29 Figure 11 ā€“ LVAC voltage compatibility and immunity levels
30 7.4 Power quality recommendations
Table 4 ā€“ Immunity: DC input and output power ports, residential,commercial and light industrial environment
Table 5 ā€“ Immunity: DC input and output power ports ā€“ Industrial environment
31 7.5 Measurement methods
7.5.1 General
7.5.2 DC system RMS value integration time
7.5.3 DC power quality measurement methods
32 Annex A (informative)PQ waveforms collected from a certain LVDC project
Figure A.1 ā€“ Voltage deviation caused by load switching
Figure A.2 ā€“ Voltage ripple in steady state
33 Figure A.3 ā€“ Voltage dip caused by the start-up of motor load
34 Annex B (informative)Load distance in DC distribution systems
Table B.1 ā€“ 1,5 (Ā±0,75) kV typical load distance of overhead DC lines
Table B.2 ā€“ 750 (Ā±375) V, 220 (Ā±110) V typical section load distance of overhead DC lines
35 Annex C (informative)Electric power and power quality computation in DC systems
C.1 DC RMS value of voltage or current
C.2 General electric power system: decomposition of a general electric load
36 C.3 Computation of electric powers and PQ indices
Figure C.1 ā€“ Equivalent model of a general electric load
39 C.4 Representation of electric powers in AC system
C.5 Representation of electric powers in DC system
Figure C.2 ā€“ Representation of electric powers in AC system
Figure C.3 ā€“ Representation of electric powers in DC system
40 C.6 Power quality indices in DC system
Figure C.4 ā€“ Ripples
41 C.7 Illustration example of deformation power in DC system
42 C.8 Main conclusions on electric value computation in DC systems
Figure C.5 ā€“ DC powers
Table C.1 ā€“ Different powers
43 C.9 Need of characteristics of DC voltage
Figure C.6 ā€“ Compatibility level measured in differential mode values
44 Annex D (informative)District LVDC system demonstration project in Tongli, China
D.1 Project overview
D.2 Voltage level selection principle
Figure D.1 ā€“ Architecture of the district LVDC system in Tongli
45 D.3 System operation
46 Annex E (informative)An office building with general building utilities and office work places
Figure E.1 ā€“ Office building with general building utilities and office work places
48 Figure E.2 ā€“ Overview of DC-zones for DC system
51 Table E.1 ā€“ Aspects regarding the DC zone classification in DC installation
52 Annex F (informative)An example of configurations for active DC systems
F.1 General
F.2 Structure
F.3 State of grid (SOG)
Figure F.1 ā€“ Active DC distribution system
53 Table F.1 ā€“ Examples in case of 350/700 V DC systems
54 Figure F.2 ā€“ DC distribution system with one load and one source
Table F.2 ā€“ Allowed voltages cable drop
55 Figure F.3 ā€“ DC distribution system with more than one loadand a source and increasing source power
Figure F.4 ā€“ Distribution system with more than one loadand a source and DUMP LOAD active
56 Figure F.5 ā€“ Distribution system with more than one loadand source in overloaded mode
57 Annex G (informative)Preferred voltage in different countries
G.1 Preferred voltage in China
Table G.1 ā€“ Nominal voltage in LVDC distribution system
58 Table G.2 ā€“ Nominal voltage in ELVDC equipment
59 G.2 Preferred voltage in the Netherlands
Table G.3 ā€“ Comparison between DC and AC system voltages
60 G.3 Preferred voltage in Germany
Table G.4 ā€“ Overview of the recommended voltage classes (VC)and the corresponding U2 and U3 values
61 Annex H (informative)Voltage with respect to earth
Figure H.1 ā€“ DC voltage definitions
62 Figure H.2 ā€“ DC voltage bands relative to earth
63 Figure H.3 ā€“ DC voltages to earth ā€“ examples
64 Annex I (informative)CIGRE approaches for DC systems
Figure I.1 ā€“ Temporary DC pole to ground voltage profiles in DC systems
BSI PD IEC TR 63282:2020
$198.66