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BSI PD IEC/TS 60034-27-2:2012

BSI PD IEC/TS 60034-27-2:2012

$198.66

Rotating electrical machines – On-line partial discharge measurements on the stator winding insulation of rotating electrical machines

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2012 60
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This part of IEC 60034, which is a technical specification, provides a common basis for

  • measuring techniques and instruments;

  • the arrangement of the installation;

  • normalization and sensitivity assessment;

  • measuring procedures;

  • noise reduction;

  • the documentation of results;

  • the interpretation of results;

with respect to partial discharge on-line measurements on the stator winding insulation of non-converter driven rotating electrical machines with rated voltage of 3 kV and up. This technical specification covers PD measur ing systems and methods detecting electrical PD signals. The same measuring devices and procedures can also be used to detect electrical sparking and ar cing phenomena.

NOTE The main differences between on-line measurements and o ff-line measurements are due to a different voltage distribution along the winding and various thermal and mechanical effects related to the operation, like vibration, contact arcing or temperature gradients between stator copper and stator iron core. Furthermore, especially for hydrogen-cooled machines the gas and the gas pressure is different for off – and on-line PD measurements.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
4 CONTENTS
7 FOREWORD
9 INTRODUCTION
11 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
13 4 Nature of PD in rotating machines
4.1 Basics of PD
14 4.2 Types of PD in rotating machines
4.2.1 General
4.2.2 Internal discharges
15 4.2.3 Slot discharges
4.2.4 Discharges in the end-winding
4.2.5 Conductive particles
16 4.3 Arcing and sparking
4.3.1 General
4.3.2 Arcing at broken conductors
4.3.3 Vibration sparking
5 Noise and disturbance
5.1 General
5.2 Noise and disturbance sources
17 5.3 Frequency domain separation
18 5.4 Time domain separation
Figures
Figure 1 – Time domain disturbance separation by time of pulse arrival
19 5.5 Combination of frequency and time domain separation
5.6 Gating
Figure 2 – Combined time and frequency domain disturbance separation (TF-map)
20 5.7 Pattern recognition separation
6 Measuring techniques and instruments
6.1 General
21 6.2 Pulse propagation in windings
6.3 Signal transfer characteristics
23 Figure 3 – Idealized frequency response of a PD pulse at the PD source and at the machine terminals; frequency response of different PD measuring systems: a) low frequency range, b) high frequency range, c) very high frequency range
24 6.4 PD sensors
6.4.1 General
6.4.2 Design of PD sensors
25 6.4.3 Reliability of PD sensors
6.5 PD measuring device
6.6 PD measuring parameters
6.6.1 General
6.6.2 PD magnitude
26 6.6.3 Additional PD parameters
7 Installation of PD on-line measuring systems
7.1 General
7.2 Installation of PD sensors
27 7.3 Outside access point and cabling
28 7.4 Installation of the PD measuring device
7.5 Installation of operational data acquisition systems
29 8 Normalization of measurements
8.1 General
8.2 Normalization for low frequency systems
8.2.1 General
8.2.2 Normalization procedure
30 Figure 4 – Measuring object, during normalization
31 8.3 Normalization / sensitivity check for high and very high frequency systems
8.3.1 Specification for the electronic pulse generation
Figure 5 – Arrangement for sensitivity check
32 8.3.2 Configuration of the machine
8.3.3 Sensitivity check
9 Measuring procedures
9.1 General
33 9.2 Machine operating parameters
9.3 Baseline measurement
9.3.1 General
9.3.2 Recommended test procedure
34 9.4 Periodic on-line PD measurements
Figure 6 – Recommended test procedure with consecutive load and temperature conditions
35 9.5 Continuous on-line PD measurements
10 Visualization of measurements
10.1 General
10.2 Visualization of trending parameters
36 10.3 Visualization of PD patterns
Figure 7 – Example of visualization of trending parameters
37 Figure 8 – Example of a Φ-q-n partial discharge pattern,with colour code for the pulse number H(n)/s
38 Figure 9 – Example of a three phase, phase shifted Φ-q-n plot
39 11 Interpretation of on-line measurements
11.1 General
11.2 Evaluation of basic trend parameters
40 11.3 Evaluation of PD patterns
11.3.1 General
11.3.2 PD pattern interpretation
41 11.4 Effect of machine operating factors
11.4.1 General
11.4.2 Machine operating factors
11.4.3 Steady state load conditions
42 11.4.4 Transient load conditions
43 12 Test report
46 Annex A (informative) Examples of Phase Resolved Partial Discharge (PRPD) pattern
Figure A.1 – Stylized examples of PD phase resolved patterns
47 Figure A.2 – Example of internal void discharges PRPD pattern, recorded during laboratory simulation
48 Figure A.3 – Example of internal delamination PRPD pattern,recorded during laboratory simulation
49 Figure A.4 – Example of delamination between conductorand insulation PRPD pattern, recorded during laboratory simulation
Figure A.5 – Slot partial discharges activity and corresponding PRPD pattern,recorded during laboratory simulation
50 Figure A.6 – Corona activity at the S/C and stress grading coating,and corresponding PRPD pattern, recorded during laboratory simulation
Figure A.7 – Surface tracking activity along the end arm and correspondingPRPD pattern, recorded during laboratory simulation
51 Figure A.8 – Gap type discharge activities and corresponding PRPD patterns,recorded during laboratory simulations
52 Figure A.9 – Example of internal void discharges PRPD pattern,recorded on-line
53 Figure A.10 – Example of internal delamination PRPD pattern, recorded on-line
Figure A.11 – Example of delamination between conductor andinsulation PRPD pattern, recorded on-line
54 Figure A.12 – Degradation caused by slot partial discharges activityand corresponding PRPD pattern recorded on-line
55 Figure A.13 – Degradation caused by corona activity at the S/C andstress grading coating and corresponding PRPD pattern, recorded on-line
Figure A.14 – Surface tracking activity along the end arm andcorresponding PRPD pattern, recorded on-line
56 Figure A.15 – Degradation caused by gap type dischargesand corresponding PRPD patterns, recorded on-line
Figure A.16 – PRPD pattern recorded on-line, illustrating multiple PD sources
57 Bibliography

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