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BSI PD IEC/TS 62903:2018

BSI PD IEC/TS 62903:2018

$189.07

Ultrasonics. Measurements of electroacoustical parameters and acoustic output power of spherically curved transducers using the self-reciprocity method

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
BSI 2018 50
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This document, which is a Technical Specification,

  1. establishes the free-field convergent spherical wave self-reciprocity method for ultrasonic transducer calibration,

  2. establishes the measurement conditions and experimental procedure required to

  3. determine the transducer’s electroacoustic parameters and acoustic output power using the self-reciprocity method,

  4. establishes the criteria for checking the reciprocity of these transducers and the linear range of the focused field, and

  5. provides guiding information for the assessment of the overall measurement uncertainties for radiation conductance.

This document is applicable to:

  1. circular spherically curved concave focusing transducers without a centric hole working in the linear amplitude range,

  2. measurements in the frequency range 0,5 MHz to 15 MHz, and

  3. acoustic pressure amplitudes in the focused field within the linear amplitude range.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
2 undefined
4 CONTENTS
7 FOREWORD
9 INTRODUCTION
10 1 Scope
2 Normative references
3 Terms and definitions
14 4 Symbols
15 5 General
16 6 Requirements of the measurement system
6.1 Apparatus configuration
6.2 Measurement water tank
6.3 Fixturing, positioning and orientation systems
6.4 Reflector
6.5 Current monitor (probe)
17 6.6 Oscilloscope
6.7 Measurement hydrophone
7 Measurement of the effective half-aperture of the spherically curved transducer
7.1 Setup
7.2 Alignment and positioning of the hydrophone in the field
7.3 Measurements of the beamwidth and the effective half-aperture
18 7.4 Calculations of the focus half-angle and the effective area
8 Measurements of the electroacoustical parameters and the acoustic output power
8.1 Self-reciprocity method for transducer calibration
8.1.1 Experimental procedures
8.1.2 Criterion for checking the linearity of the focused field
8.1.3 Criterion for checking the reciprocity of the transducer
19 8.2 Calculations of the transmitting response to current (voltage) and voltage sensitivity
8.3 Calculations of the transmitting response at geometric focus to current (voltage)
20 8.4 Calculation of the pulse-echo sensitivity level
8.5 Measurements of the radiation conductance and the mechanical quality factor Qm
8.5.1 Calculations of the acoustic output power and the radiation conductance
8.5.2 Measurement of the frequency response of the radiation conductance
8.6 Measurement of the electroacoustic efficiency
8.6.1 Calculation of the electric input power
8.6.2 Calculation of the electroacoustic efficiency
21 8.7 Measurement of the electric impedance (admittance)
9 Measurement uncertainty
22 Annex A (informative) Relation of the average amplitude reflection coefficient on a plane interface of water-stainless steel and the focus half-angle for a normally incident beam of a circular spherically curved transducer [1, 2]0F
23 Tables
Table A.1 – Parameters used in calculation of the average amplitude reflection coefficient
Table A.2 – Amplitude reflection coefficient r(θi) on a plane interfaceof water-stainless steel for plane wave vs. the incident angle θi
24 Figures
Figure A.1 – Relation curve of the amplitude reflection coefficient r(θi) on the interface of water-stainless steel for a plane wave with the incident angle θi
Table A.3 – Average amplitude reflection coefficient rav(β) on plane interface of water-stainless steel in the geometric focal plane of a spherically curved transducer vs. the focus half-angle β
25 Figure A.2 – Average amplitude reflection coefficient rav(β) on the plane interface of water-stainless steel in the geometric focal plane of a spherically curved transducer vs. the focus half-angle β
26 Annex B (informative) Diffraction correction coefficient Gsf in the free-field self-reciprocity calibration method for circular spherically curved transducers in water neglecting attenuation [2, 3, 4]
Table B.1 – Diffraction correction coefficients Gsf of a circular spherically curved transducer in the self-reciprocity calibration method [2, 3, 4]
28 Annex C (informative) Calculation of the diffraction correction coefficient Gsf(R/λ,β) in the free-field self-reciprocity calibration in a non-attenuating medium for a circular spherically curved transducer [2, 3, 4, 7]
Figure C.1 – Geometry of the concave radiating surface A of a spherically curved transducer and its virtual image surface A′ for their symmetry of mirror-images about the geometric focal plane (x,y,0)
30 Annex D (informative) Speed of sound and attenuation in water
D.1 General
D.2 Speed of sound for propagation in water
D.3 Acoustic attenuation coefficient for propagation in water
Table D.1 – Dependence of speed of sound in water on temperature [5]
31 Annex E (informative) Principle of reciprocity calibration for spherically curved transducers [2, 3, 4]
E.1 Principle of reciprocity calibration for an ideal spherically focused field of a transducer
32 E.2 Principle of reciprocity calibration of a real spherically focused field of a transducer
E.3 Self-reciprocity calibration of a spherically curved transducer
33 Figure E.1 – Spherical coordinates
34 Figure E.2 – Function Ga(kasinθ), diffraction pattern F0(kasinθ) andF02(kasinθ) in the geometric focal plane [7]
Table E.1 – Ga values dependent on kasinθ for β ≤ 45° where x = kasinθ (according to O’Neil [7])
35 Table E.2 – The (R/λ)min values dependent on β when θmax ≥ θGa and β < 45° for Ga = 0,94; 0,95; 0,96; 0,97; 0,98; 0,99
37 Annex F (informative) Experimental arrangements
F.1 Experimental arrangement for determining the effective radius of a transducer [2, 3, 4, 13]
F.2 Experimental arrangement of the self-reciprocity calibration method for a spherically curved transducer [2, 3, 4, 13]
Figure F.1 – Scheme of the measurement apparatus for determining the effective half-aperture of a transducer
38 Figure F.2 – Scheme of free-field self-reciprocity method applied to a spherically curved transducer
39 Annex G (informative) Relationships between the electroacoustical parameters used in this application [13]
G.1 Relations between the free-field transmitting response to voltage (current) and the voltage sensitivity with the radiation conductance
40 G.2 Relation of the radiation conductance and the electroacoustic efficiency
G.3 Relation of the transmitting response and voltage and acoustic output power
G.4 Relation of the pulse echo sensitivity and the radiation conductance
41 Annex H (informative) Evaluation and expression of uncertainty in the measurements of the radiation conductance
H.1 Executive standard
H.2 Evaluation of uncertainty in the measurement of the radiation conductance
H.2.1 Mathematical expression
42 H.2.2 Type A evaluation of standard uncertainty
H.2.3 Type B evaluation of standard uncertainty
43 Table H.1 – Type B evaluation of the standard uncertainties (SU) of input quantities in measurement
44 H.2.4 Evaluation of the combined standard uncertainty for the radiation conductance
46 Table H.2 – Components of the standard uncertainty for the measurement of the radiation conductance using the self-reciprocity method
47 Table.H.3 – The measurement results and evaluated data of uncertainty for five transducers
48 Bibliography

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BSI PD IEC/TS 62903:2018
$189.07