CA LosAngelesCity MechanicalCode 2020
$133.79
Los Angeles City Mechanical Code
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| CA | 2020 |
2020 Los Angeles City Plumbing Code
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 2 | Preface |
| 4 | City of Los Angeles Los Angeles City Council Planning And Land Use Management Committee Department Of Building And Safety Board Of Building And Safety Commissioners Board Of Disabled Access Appeals Commissioners Main Office: Construction Services Counters: |
| 5 | City Of Los Angeles Department Of Building And Safety |
| 7 | Effective Use Of The City Of Los Angeles Mechanical Code |
| 8 | Symbols And Notations In The Code For The City Of Los Angeles |
| 10 | Acknowledgements |
| 11 | California Code of Regulations Title 24 |
| 12 | How to Distinguish Between Model Code LanguageandCalifornia Amendments |
| 14 | California Matrix Adoption Tables |
| 16 | How to Distinguish Model Code Language from California Amendments |
| 18 | Foreword |
| 19 | Format of the Uniform Mechanical Code |
| 24 | Committee on Uniform Mechanical Code |
| 25 | Section Relocation |
| 27 | Related Publications and Services |
| 30 | Table of Contents Chapter 1 Administration |
| 31 | Chapter 2 Defintions Chapter 3 General Regulations |
| 32 | Chapter 4 Ventilation Air |
| 33 | Chapter 5 Exhaust Systems |
| 35 | Chapter 6 Duct Systems |
| 36 | Chapter 7 Combustion Air Chapter 8 Chimneys and Vents |
| 37 | Chapter 9 Installation of Specific Appliances |
| 40 | Chapter 10 Boilers and Pressure Vessels |
| 41 | Chapter 11 Refrigeration |
| 43 | Chapter 12 Hydronics |
| 45 | Chapter 13 Fuel Gas Piping |
| 47 | Chapter 14 Process Piping Chapter 15 Solar Energy Systems Chapter 16 Stationary Power Plants Chapter 17 Referenced Standards Appendices Table of Contents Appendix A Residential Plan Examiner Review Form for HVAC System Design Appendix B Procedures to be Followed to Place Gas Equipment in Operation Appendix C Installation and Testing of Oil (Liquid) Fuel-Fired Equipment Appendix D Fuel Supply: Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational Vehicle Parks Appendix E Sustainable Practices Appendix F Sizing of Venting Systems and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design Appendix G Example Calculation of Outdoor Air Rate. Index HISTORY NOTEAPPENDIX |
| 48 | Chapter 1 Administration Part I – General. 101.0 Title, Scope, and General. 101.1 Title. 101.2 Purpose. 101.3 Scope. 101.3.1 Conflicts. 101.3.1.1 Conflicts Between Codes. 101.3.2 Design and Testing. 101.3.3 Appendices. 102.0 Application to Existing Mechanical Systems. 102.1 Additions, Alterations, or Repairs. 102.2 Existing Installations. 102.3 Changes in Building Occupancy. 102.4 Maintenance. 102.4.1 Commercial HVAC Systems. 102.4.2 Residential HVAC Systems. |
| 49 | 102.5 Moved Buildings. 102.6 Existing Buildings. 103.0 Alternate Materials and Methods of ConstructionEquivalency. 103.1 General. 104.0 Modifications. 105.0 Testing. 105.1 General. 105.2 Approved Standards. 105.3 Request by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. Part II – Organization and Enforcement. 106.0 Powers and Duties of the Department. 106.1 General. 106.2 Interpretation. 106.4 Stop Orders. 106.5 Authority to Disconnect Utilities in Emergencies. 106.6 Authority to Condemn Equipment. 106.7 Connection after Order to Disconnect. |
| 50 | 106.9 Cooperation of Other Officials and Officers. 107.0 Unsafe Equipment. 107.1 General. 108.0 Appeals. 109.0 Prohibited Acts. Part III – Permits and Inspections. 111.0 Permits. 111.1 General. |
| 51 | 111.2 Permit Required. 111.3 Separate Permit. 111.4 Incidental Gas. 112.0 Application for Permit. 112.1 Applications. 112.2 Plans and Specifications. |
| 52 | 112.3 Information on Plans and Specifications. 112.4 Qualified Installer. 113.0 Permit Issuance. 113.1 Issuance. 113.2 Effect of Issuance. 113.3 Expiration of Permits. 113.4 Revocation of Permits. 114.0 Permit Fees. 114.1 Permit Fees. |
| 53 | Permit Fee Schedule for Heating, Ventilating, Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Equipment and Miscellaneous Heat-Producing Appliances |
| 55 | 114.2 Plan Check Fees. 114.3 Expiration of Plan Check. 114.4 Minimum Inspection Fee. 114.5 Fees for Miscellaneous Permits. |
| 56 | 114.6 Investigation Fee. 114.7 Transfer of Permits and Plan Checks. 114.8 Fees for Additional Inspections. 114.9 Inspection Fees for Off-Hours Inspections. 114.10 Fees for Off-Site Inspections. 115.0 Inspections. 115.1 Inspection. 115.2 Request for Inspection. |
| 57 | 116.0 Connection Approval. 116.1 Connection Approval. 116.2 Final Inspection. 117.0 Unconstitutional. 117.1 Validity of Code. 118.0 Validity. 118.1 Code. 119.0 Registration. 119.1 Maintenance Supervisor. 119.2 Applications. 119.3 Examinations. 119.4 Failure to Pass Examination. 119.5 Issuance of Maintenance Certificate of Registration. |
| 58 | 119.6 Revocation, Suspension and Voiding of Certificates. 119.7 Exhibition of Maintenance Certificate. 119.8 Transfer of Certificates. 119.9 Expired Certificates. |
| 60 | Chapter 2 Definition |
| 62 | 201.0 General. 201.1 Applicability. 202.0 Definition of Terms. 202.1 General. 203.0 – A – |
| 63 | 204.0 – B – |
| 64 | 205.0 – C – |
| 66 | 206.0 – D – |
| 67 | 207.0 – E – 208.0 – F – |
| 68 | 209.0 – G – |
| 69 | 210.0 – H – 211.0 – I – |
| 70 | 212.0 – J – 213.0 – K – 214.0 – L – |
| 71 | 215.0 – M – 216.0 – N – |
| 72 | 217.0 – O – 218.0 – P – |
| 73 | 219.0 – Q – 220.0 – R – |
| 74 | 221.0 – S – |
| 75 | 222.0 – T – 223.0 – U – |
| 76 | 224.0 – V – 225.0 – W – 226.0 – X – 227.0 – Y – 228.0 – Z – |
| 78 | Chapter 3 General Regulations |
| 80 | 301.0 General. 301.1 Applicability. 301.2 Approval. 301.3 Design of Equipment. 301.4 Electrical Connections. 301.5 Oil-Burning Appliances. 301.6 Personnel Protection. 302.0 Materials – Standards and Alternates. 302.1 Minimum Standards. 302.1.1 Marking. 302.1.2 Standards. 302.1.3 Existing Buildings. 302.2 Alternate Materials and Methods of ConstructionEquivalency. |
| 81 | 302.2.1 Testing. 302.2.1.1 Tests. 302.2.1.2 Request by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. 302.3 Alternative Engineered Design. 302.3.1 Permit Application. 302.3.2 Technical Data. 302.3.3 Design Documents. 302.3.4 Design Approval. 302.3.5 Design Review. 302.3.6 Inspection and Testing. 303.0 Installation. 303.1 Listed Appliances. 303.2 Closet or Alcove Installations. |
| 82 | 303.3 Unlisted Appliances. 303.4 Anchorage of Appliances. 303.5 Movement. 303.6 Identification of Equipment. 303.7 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Facilities. 303.7.1 Liquefied Petroleum Gas [LP-Gas] Appliances. [HCD 1 & HCD 2] 303.8 Appliances on Roofs. 303.8.1 Load Capacity. 303.8.2 Fasteners. 303.8.3 Installation of Appliances on Roofs. 303.8.4 Clearance. 303.8.5 Electrical Power. 303.8.6 Platform or Walkway. 303.9 Avoiding Strain on Gas Piping. 303.10 Clearances. 303.10.1 Clearance Reduction. 303.10.1.1 Type I Hood Exhaust System. 303.10.1.2 Product Conveying Ducts. 303.10.1.3 Solid-Fuel Burning Appliances. |
| 83 | 303.11 Installation in Commercial Garages. 303.11.1 Repair Garages. 303.12 Installation in Aircraft Hangars. 303.13 Pit Location. 304.0 Accessibility for Service. 304.1 General. 304.2 Sloped Roof. 304.3 Access to Appliances on Roofs. 304.3.1 Access. 304.3.1.1 Access Type. 304.3.1.2 Permanent Ladders. 304.3.2 Permanent Lighting. 304.4 Appliances in Attics and Under-Floor Spaces. 304.4.1 Length of Passageway. 304.4.2 Width of Passageway. 304.4.3 Work Platform. |
| 84 | 304.4.4 Lighting and Convenience Outlet. 305.0 Location. 305.1 Installation in Garages. 305.1.1 Physical Damage. 305.1.2 Access from the Outside. 305.1.3 Cellulose Nitrate Plastic Storage. 305.2 Flood Hazard Areas. 305.2.1 Coastal High Hazard Areas. 305.2.2 Air Exhaust and Intake Openings. 305.3 Elevator Shaft. 305.4 Drainage Pan. 306.0 Automatic Control Devices. 306.1 General. 307.0 Labeling. 307.1 Fuel-Burning Appliances. |
| 85 | 307.2 Electric Heating Appliances. 307.3 Heat Pump and Electric Cooling Appliances. 307.4 Absorption Units. 308.0 Improper Location. 308.1 General. 309.0 Workmanship. 309.1 Engineering Practices. 309.2 Concealing Imperfections. 309.3 Installation Practices. 310.0 Condensate Wastes and Control. 310.1 Condensate Disposal. 310.1.1 Condensate Pumps. |
| 86 | 310.2 Condensate Control. 310.2.1 Protection of Appurtenances. 310.3 Condensate Waste Pipe Material and Sizing. 310.3.1 Cleanouts. 310.4 Appliance Condensate Drains. 310.5 Point of Discharge. 310.6 Condensate Waste From Air-Conditioning Coils. 310.7 Plastic Fittings. 311.0 Heating or Cooling Air System. 311.1 Source. 311.2 Air Filters. TABLE TABLE 310.3 MINIMUM CONDENSATE PIPE SIZE TABLE 310.3 Minimum Condensate Pipe Size |
| 87 | 311.3 Prohibited Source. 311.4 Return-Air Limitations. 312.0 Plumbing Connections. 312.1 General. 313.0 Hangers and Supports. 313.1 General. 313.2 Material. 313.3 Suspended Piping. 313.4 Alignment. 313.5 Underground Installation. 313.6 Hanger Rod Sizes. 313.7 Gas Piping. 314.0 Balancing. 314.1 General. 315.0 Louvers in Hurricane Prone Regions. 315.1 General. TABLE 313.6 HANGER ROD SIZES TABLE 313.6 Hanger Rod Sizes |
| 88 | 315.1.1 Testing. 315.1.2 Impact Resistance Test. 316.0 Protection of Piping, Tubing, Materials, and Structures. 316.1 General. 316.2 Installation. 316.3 Corrosion, Erosion, and Mechanical Damage. 316.4 Protectively Coated Pipe. 316.5 Fire-Resistant Construction. 316.6 Steel Nail Plates. 316.7 Sleeves. 316.7.1 Building Loads. 316.7.2 Exterior Walls. 316.8 Firewalls. 316.9 Structural Members. 316.10 Rodentproofing. 316.11 Metal Collars. 317.0 Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill. 317.1 Trenches. 317.2 Tunneling and Driving. 317.3 Open Trenches. 317.4 Excavations. |
| 89 | 318.0 Scope. 318.1 Applicability. 318.2 Services/Systems and Utilities. 319.0 Steam and Hot-Water Systems. 319.1 Requirements for Hospitals and Optional Services Provided in Correctional Treatment Centers. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 4 & 5] 319.1.1 Boilers shall have the capacity 319.1.2 A minimum of two boilers shall be provided 319.1.3 Boiler systems providing space heating shall be designed 319.1.4 Boiler feed pumps, condensate return pumps,fuel oil pumps, and heating circulating pumps shall be connected 319.1.5 At least two sources of heat (e.g. two pieces of equipment) shall be provided 319.2 Requirements for Skilled Nursing, Intermediate Care Facilities and Basic Services Provided in Correctional Treatment Centers. [For OSHPD 2 & 4] 319.2.1 Boilers, if provided, shall accommodate Section319.1. 319.2.2 Two or more inter connected water heaters arean acceptable means to provide two sources of heat fo rhot water (See Section 319.1.5). 320.0 Air Conditioning and Heating Systems. 320.1 Requirements for Hospitals and Optional Services Provided in Correctional Treatment Centers. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 4 & 5] 320.1.1 The systems shall be designed to provide the temperatures and relative humidity for sensitive areas or rooms shown in Table 4-A. 320.1.2 Heating systems shall be designed based on the “Heating DB 99.6%” column of the Climatic Design Data in ASHRAE Handbook-Fundamentals. 320.1.3 Cooling systems 320.2 Requirements for Skilled Nursing, Intermediate Care Facilities and Basic Services Provided in Correctional Treatment Centers. [For OSHPD 2 & 4] 320.2.1 Systems shall accommodate the provisions of Sections 320.1.2 through 320.1.3. 320.2.2 Where air conditioning is provided, the system shall be thermostatically controlled in one or more zones. 320.3 Requirements for Outpatient Facilities and Licensed Clinics. [For OSHPD 3] 320.3.1 The system shall be designed to provide the temperature and humidity’s for sensitive areas for rooms shown in Table 4-A. 320.4 Telephone and Data Equipment Rooms. [OSHPD 1 & 4] 320.4.1 Power for HVAC systems serving the room(s) 320.4.2 Mechanical equipment or fixtures that are not directly related to the support of the room shall not be installed in or pass through the room. |
| 90 | 320.4.3 HVAC systems shall be provided to maintain 320.5 Psychiatric Services. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 4 & 5] 321.0 Essential Mechanical Provisions. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3 (Surgical Clinics only) 4 & 5] 321.1 (Does not apply to OSHPD 3 surgical clinic.) 321.2 All heating equipment necessary to maintain the minimum temperatures listed in Table 4-A for sensitive are asspecified in Section 322.0. 321.3 Equipment necessary for humidification of the areas listed in Section 322.0. 321.4 All supply, return, and exhaust fans required to maintain the positive and negative air balances as required in Table 4-A. 321.5 All control components and control systems necessary for the normal operation of equipment required to have essential electrical power. 321.6 Alarms for airborne infection isolation rooms and protective environment rooms. 322.0 Sensitive Areas or Rooms. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3 (Surgical Clinics) 4 & 5] 322.1 The following conditions shall be met for sensitive areas or rooms: |
| 91 | TABLE Table 303.10.1 Reduction of Clearances With Specified Forms of Protection [NFPA 54: Table 10.2.3] |
| 92 | FIGURE Figure 303.10.1(1) Extent of Protection Necessary to Reduce Clearances From Gas Appliances or Vent Connectors [NFPA 54: FIGURE 10.3.2.3(a)] Figure 303.10.1(2) Wall Protector Clearance Reduction System [NFPA 54: Figure 10.3.2.3(b)] Figure 303.10.1(3) Masonry Clearance Reduction System [NFPA 54: Figure 10.3.2.3(c)] |
| 93 | Table 313.3 Hangers and Supports |
| 94 | Chapter 4 Ventilation Air |
| 96 | 401.0 General. 401.1 Applicability. 401.2 Filters. [BSC-CG], [DSA-SS & DSA-SS/CC] 401.2.1 Labeling. 402.0 Ventilation Air. [Not permitted for OSHPD 1, 2,3 & 4] 402.1 Occupiable Spaces. 402.1.1 Construction Documents. 402.1.2 Dwelling. 402.1.3 Ventilation in Health Care Facilities. 402.2 Natural Ventilation. 402.2.1 Floor Area to Be Ventilated. 402.2.1.1 Single Side Opening. 402.2.1.2 Double Side Opening. |
| 97 | 402.2.1.3 Corner Openings. 402.2.1.4 Ceiling Height. 402.2.2 Location and Size of Openings. 402.2.3 Control and Accessibility. 402.3 Mechanical Ventilation. 402.4 Outdoor Air Intake Protection. 402.4.1 Weather Protections. 402.5 Bathroom Exhaust Fans. [HCD 1 & HCD 2] 403.0 Ventilation Rates. [Not permitted for OSHPD 1,1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 403.1 General. 403.2 Zone Calculations. 403.2.1 Breathing Zone Outdoor Airflow. 403.2.2 Zone Air Distribution Effectiveness. 403.2.3 Zone Outdoor Airflow. 403.3 Single-Zone Systems. |
| 98 | 403.4 One Hundred Percent Outdoor Air Systems. 403.5 Multiple-Zone Recirculating Systems. 403.5.1 Primary Outdoor Air Fraction. 403.5.2 System Ventilation Efficiency. 403.5.3 Uncorrected Outdoor Air Intake. 403.5.4 Outdoor Air Intake. 403.6 Design for Varying Operating Conditions. 403.6.1 Short-Term Conditions. |
| 99 | 403.7 Exhaust Ventilation. 403.7.1 Parking Garages. 403.7.2 Enclosed Parking Garages. 403.7.2.1 Alternative Exhaust Ventilation for Enclosed Parking Garages. 403.7.2.2 Minimum Exhaust Rate. [HCD 1 &2] 403.7.2.3 Exhaust Inlet Distribution. [HCD 1& 2] 403.7.2.4 Exhaust System Operation. [HCD 1& 2] 403.8 Dynamic Reset. 403.9 Air Classification and Recirculation. 403.9.1 Class 1 Air. 403.9.2 Class 2 Air. 403.9.3 Class 3 Air. 403.9.4 Class 4 Air. 404.0 Multiple-Zone Systems. 404.1 General. 404.2 Average Outdoor Air Fraction. 404.3 Zone Ventilation Efficiency. |
| 100 | 404.3.1 Single Supply Systems. 404.3.2 Secondary-Recirculation Systems. 405.0 Evaporative Cooling System for Health Care Facilities. [For OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 406.0 Reserved. 407.0 Ventilation System Details. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4& 5] 407.1 General. 407.1.1 All supply-air, return air, and exhaust-air systems shall be mechanically operated and such systems for areas listed in Table 4-A shall be operated continuously. Natural ventilation through windows or other openings such as louvers will be considered as supplemental to the required mechanical ventilation systems. |
| 101 | 407.1.2 Fans serving exhaust systems shall be located atthe discharge end of the system. 407.1.3 Services/Systems and Utilities. 407.2 Outdoor Air Intakes and Exhaust Outlets. 407.2.1 Outdoor Air Intakes. 407.2.2 Exhaust Outlets. 407.3 Air Balance. 407.3.1 The ventilation systems shall be designed and balanced to provide the general air balance relationship to adjacent areas, shown in Table 4-A. The ventilation systems shall be balanced in accordance with the latest edition of standards published by the Associated Air Balance Council (AABC), the National Environmental Balancing Bureau (NEBB), or the Testing, Adjusting and Balancing Bureau (TABB). 407.4 Air Circulation. 407.4.1 Design of the ventilation system shall provide air 407.4.1.1 Air supplied to operating rooms 407.4.1.2 Room supply air outlets and room recirculationand exhaust air inlets 407.4.1.3 Corridors shall not be used |
| 102 | 407.4.1.4 No space above a ceiling may be utilized as an outside-air, relief-air, supply-air, exhaust-air,or return-air plenum. 407.4.1.5 Air from a patient room, exam room, treatment room shall not be transferred to another similar room without first having passed through airfilters as required by Table 4-B or Table 4-C. 407.4.1.6 Supply outlets and return and exhaust air inlets shall be located to prevent short-circuiting. 407.5 Variable Air Volume. 407.5.1 Variable Air Volume Systems (VAV). 407.5.1.1 The VAV system shall comply with code requirements for outside air, total air, and pressure relationship through the full range of operation from minimum to maximum. 407.5.1.2 The central return or exhaust fan shall be controlled to accomplish the variable air volume requirements of the individual rooms served by the fan as described in Section 407.5.1.3. 407.5.1.3 Variable air volume for return or exhaust air shall be accomplished by utilizing an automatic modulating damper in the return or exhaust air for each zone. 408.0 Filters. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 408.1 General. 408.1.1 A filter gauge shall be installed across each filter bank serving central air systems. 408.1.2 Central air-handling systems are defined as any unit requiring duct work on the supply or inlet side that serve more than one room. 408.1.3 Filter banks shall be visually inspected 408.1.4 Central air-handling systems shall be maintained in a reasonably clean condition during constructionand shall be cleaned as necessary prior to replacement of temporary filter used during construction to ensure that clean air will be delivered to the occupied spaces. 408.1.5 Filter bank No. 1 shall be located upstream ofthe air-conditioning equipment. 408.1.6 Filter bank No. 2 and filter bank No. 3 media shall be rigid or supported (noncollapsing type) andshall operate on the principles of impingement, straining, and diffusion. 408.2 Filters for Hospitals. 408.2.1 All air-ventilation systems shall comply with code requirements of this section and shall have filter bank efficiencies as listed in Table 4-B. 408.2.2 Noncentral recirculating air systems providing cooling to high heat producing equipment located in nonsensitive areas shall have a filter with 30 percent average efficiency based on ASHRAE 52.2 or a minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) of 8 based on ASHRAE 52.2. 408.2.3 Noncentral air systems serving any areas notlisted in Table 4-B shall be provided with filter arrangement and efficiency specifically approved by the enforcing agency. 408.2.4 Noncentral recirculating air handling systems, for example, through-the-wall units, fan coil units, and heat pumps may be utilized for single patient rooms ofone or more beds. 408.3 Filters for Skilled Nursing Facilities, Intermediate Care Facilities, and Correctional Treatment Centers. 408.3.1 The air ventilation systems shall comply with code requirements of this section for skilled nursing facilities, intermediate care facilities and correctional treatment centers and shall have filter bank efficiencies as listed in Table 4-C. |
| 103 | 408.3.2 Noncentral air systems serving single patient rooms of one or more beds shall comply with Table 4-C. 408.3.3 Noncentral recirculating air-handling systems, i.e. through the wall units, may be utilized for each patient room with one or more beds. 408.3.4 Airborne infection isolation rooms, protective environment rooms, and sensitive areas in correctional treatment centers shall comply with Section 408.2. 408.4 Filters for Outpatient Facilities. 408.4.1 The air ventilation systems shall comply with code requirements of this section for outpatient facilities and shall have filter bank efficiencies as listed in Table4-B. 408.4.2 Noncentral air systems serving individual rooms shall comply with Table 4-B. 409.0 Ducts. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 409.1 Ducts which penetrate construction, intended for Xray or other radiation protection, shall not impair the effectivenessof the protection. 409.2 Duct linings and their use shall meet the requirements of Chapter 6, California Mechanical Code. 409.3 Insulation of Ducts. Cold air ducts shall be insulated wherever necessary or to prevent condensation. 409.4 The anchorage and supporting structural elements for airducts shall be designed to withstand the lateral forces as required by the California Building Code, Title 24, Part 2. 410.0 Laboratory Ventilating Systems and Hoods.[OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 410.1 Laboratory Ventilating Systems. 410.2 Exhaust Hoods and Safety Cabinets. 410.3 Laboratory Fume Hoods. 410.3.1 General Standard. 410.3.2 Special Standards for Use with Strong Oxidants. 410.3.3 Special Standards for Use with Infectious or Radioactive Materials. 411.0 Kitchen and Dining Areas. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4& 5] 411.1 The air from dining areas may be used to ventilate the food preparation areas only after it has passed through a filter with at least an 80 percent average efficiency based on ASHRAE 52.2 or a minimum efficiency reporting value (MERV) of 13, based on ASHRAE 52.2. 412.0 Boiler, Mechanical, and Electrical Rooms.[OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 412.1 Boiler, heater and electrical equipment rooms shall be provided with outdoor air so as to maintain combustion rates of equipment and temperatures 412.2 Floor surfaces in occupied spaces above such rooms should not exceed a temperature of 85°F (29.4°C), and suitable insulation may be required. |
| 104 | 413.0 Odorous Rooms. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 413.1 Rooms in areas where excessive heat or moisture is generated, where objectional odors or dust are present, or where flammable or toxic gases may accumulate, which are used by health facility personnel or patients, shall be provided with exhaust ventilation to change the air a minimum often times per hour. 413.2 Kitchen, morgues and laundries located inside a hospital building or skilled nursing facility in which patients are accommodated, or treated, shall be ventilated with exhaust systems which will provide a minimum of ten air changes per hour and prevent odors from entering patient areas. 414.0 Airborne Infection Isolation Rooms. [OSHPD1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 414.1 Exhaust Systems. A separate, dedicated exhaust system shall be provided for airborne infection isolation rooms. 414.1.1 Exhaust discharge from fan shall extend at least7 feet (2134 mm) above the roof and discharge vertically upward. 414.1.2 Exhaust shall discharge above roof level and through an accessible HEPA filter. 414.2 Air Distribution. 415.0 Protective Environment Rooms. [OSHPD 1, 1R,2, 3, 4 & 5] 415.1 Air Distribution. 416.0 Alarms – Airborne Infection Isolation Rooms and Protective Environment Rooms. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2,3, 4 & 5] 416.1 An alarm system which is based on static pressure control,volumetric control, or directional flow measurement shall be provided for each isolation room. 416.2 Other acceptable alarm systems will be allowed when designs are specifically approved by the enforcing agency. 416.3 [For OSHPD 4] For correctional treatment centers,the alarm system shall not create false alarms or security hazards. 416.4 Prior to acceptance of the rooms, the alarm system shall be tested and operated to demonstrate to the owner or designated representative that the installation and performance of the system conforms to design intent. |
| 105 | 417.0 Testing and Balancing Airborne Infection Isolation Rooms and Protective Environment Rooms. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 418.0 Design Requirements for Ethylene Oxide (ETO) Sterilization Areas. [OSHPD 1, 1R, 2, 3, 4 & 5] 418.1 Air Changes. The ETO sterilization equipment roomshall be provided with minimum air changes per hour per Table4-A and be maintained at a negative air balance. 418.2 Exhaust Requirements. 418.2.1 All air from the ETO sterilizer equipment roomshall be exhausted to the outside by a dedicated system orother approved method. 418.2.2 The exhaust fan for the dedicated system shall belocated at the discharge point of the system and identifiedas ETO Equipment Room Exhaust. 418.2.3 Discharge Point. The discharge point shall bea minimum of 25 feet (7620 mm) away from any outsideintake, operable window or personnel passage. 418.3 Ventilation Requirements. 418.3.1 Aeration Units. 418.3.2 Capture Box. 418.3.3 Cylinder Change. 418.3.4 Sterilizer Relief Valve. 418.3.5 Ventilation of Sterilizer Door Area. 418.4 Gas Valves. 418.5 Alarm Systems. 419.0 Neonatal Intensive Care Units. [OSHPD 1] 419.1 Formula Preparation Area. 419.2 Treatment Area/Room. |
| 106 | TABLE Table 4-A Pressure Relationship and Ventilation Requirements For General Acute Care Hospitals, Skilled Nursing Facilities, Intermediate Care Facilities, Correctional Treatment Centers, Outpatient Facilities, and Licensed Clinics |
| 111 | Table 4-B Filter Efficiencies for Central Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Systems in General Acute Care Hospitals, Acute Psychiatric Hospitals, Outpatient Facilities, and Licensed Clinics Table 4-C Filter Efficiencies for Central Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Systems in Skilled Nursing Facilities and Intermediate Care Facilities and Correctional Treatment Centers |
| 112 | Table 402.1 Minimum Ventilation Rates in Breathing Zone [ASHRAE 62.1: Table 6.2.2.1] |
| 114 | Table 403.2.2 Zone Air Distribution Effectiveness [ASHRAE 62.1: Table 6.2.2.2] Table 403.5.2 System Ventilation Efficiency [ASHRAE 62.1: Table 6.2.5.2] |
| 115 | Table 403.7 Minimum Exhaust Rates [ASHRAE 62.1: Table 6.5] |
| 116 | Chapter 5 Exhaust Systems |
| 118 | 501.0 General. 501.1 Applicability. 502.0 Termination. 502.1 Exhaust Opening Protection. 502.2 Termination of Exhaust Ducts. 502.2.1 Environmental Air Ducts. 502.2.2 Product Conveying Ducts. 502.2.3 Commercial Kitchen Ducts. Part I – Environmental Air Ducts and Product-Conveying Systems. 503.0 Motors, Fans, and Filters. 503.1 General. 503.2 Fans. 504.0 Environmental Air Ducts. 504.1 General. 504.1.1 Backdraft Protection. |
| 119 | 504.2 Independent Exhaust Systems. 504.3 Domestic Range. 504.4 Clothes Dryers. 504.4.1 Provisions for Makeup Air. 504.4.2 Domestic Clothes Dryers. 504.4.2.1 Length Limitation. 504.4.2.2 Transition Ducts. 504.4.2.3 Exhaust Duct Power Ventilators. 504.4.3 Commercial Clothes Dryers. 504.4.3.1 Exhaust Ducts for Type 2 Clothes Dryers. |
| 120 | 504.4.4 Common Exhaust. 504.4.5 Duct Supports. 504.5 Heat (Energy) Recovery Ventilators. 504.6 Gypsum Wallboard Ducts. 505.0 Product-Conveying Systems. 505.1 General. 505.1.1 Mechanical Ventilation. 505.2 Incompatible Materials. 505.3 Flammability Limit. 505.3.1 Higher Concentrations. 505.3.2 Ovens and Furnaces. 505.3.3 Deflagration. 505.4 Air-Moving Devices. 505.5 Generating Flames, Sparks, or Hot Materials. 505.6 Fire Dampers. |
| 121 | 505.6.1 Prohibited. 505.7 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems. 505.7.1 Automatic Extinguishing System. 505.7.2 Shut Down Permitted. 505.8 Product-Conveying Ducts Classification. 505.9 Minimum Velocities and Circulation. 505.10 Makeup Air. 505.11 Hoods and Enclosures. TABLE Table 505.9 Minimum Duct Design Velocities [NFPA 91: Table A.4.1.5] |
| 122 | 505.12 Pharmacies – Compounding Area of Parenteral Solutions. [CA – Board of Pharmacy] 505.12.1 Pharmacies – Laminar Flow Biological Safety Cabinet. [CA – Board of Pharmacy] 506.0 Product-Conveying Ducts. 506.1 Materials. 506.2 Construction. 506.3 Penetrations. 506.3.1 Fire Barriers. |
| 123 | Table 506.2(1) Minimum Sheet Metal Thickness for Round Ducts |
| 124 | 506.3.2 Protection. 506.4 Condensate. 506.4.1 Drainage. 506.5 Fittings. 506.6 Explosion Venting. |
| 125 | 506.7 Supports. 506.8 Fire Protection. 506.8.1 Loads. 506.8.2 Corrosion. 506.8.3 Vibration and Stress. 506.8.4 Expansion and Contraction. 506.9 Protection from Physical Damage. Table 506.2(2) Minimum Sheet Metal Thickness for Rectangular Ducts |
| 126 | 506.10 Duct Clearances. 506.10.1 Protection Provided. 506.10.2 Systems Conveying Combustible Materials. 506.10.3 Reduced Clearance Permitted. 506.10.4 Clearance Increases. 506.10.4.1 Temperatures Over 900°F. 506.10.4.2 Clearance Reduction. 506.11 Clearance Reduction Methods. 506.11.1 Spacers and Ties. 506.11.2 Wool Batts Insulation. 506.11.3 Insulation Board. 506.11.4 Duct and Thermal Shield. 506.11.5 Thermal Shield and Combustible Surface. 506.11.6 Reduce Clearance with Air Gaps. 506.11.6.1 Air Circulation. 506.11.6.2 Single Flat Wall. 506.11.6.3 Thermal Shielding. Table 506.10.4 Basic Minimum Clearances to Unprotected Surfaces [NFPA 91: Table 4.7.3] |
| 127 | Table 506.11 Reduction of Duct Clearance with Specified Forms of Protection [NFPA 91: Table 4.7.4] |
| 128 | Part II – Commercial Hoods and Kitchen Ventilation. 507.0 General Requirements. 507.1 Type I Hood Exhaust System. 507.2 Exhaust System. 507.3 Listed Devices. 507.3.1 Penetration. 507.4 Clearance. 507.4.1 Listed. 507.4.2 Clearance Reduction. 507.4.2.1 Mineral Wool Batts or CeramicFiber Blanket. 507.4.2.2 Field-Applied Grease Duct Enclosure. 507.4.2.3 Zero Clearance. 507.4.3 Clearance Integrity. |
| 129 | 507.4.3.1 Fire. 507.4.3.2 Required Protection. 507.4.3.3 Protection Methods. 507.4.4 Factory Built. 507.4.5 Field Applied. 507.4.6 Both Field-Applied and Factory Built. 507.4.6.1 Physical Damage. 507.4.6.2 Specification. 507.4.6.3 Clearance Options. 507.4.7 Building and Structural Contact. 507.4.7.1 Corrosion Protection. 507.4.7.2 Zero Clearance. 507.4.8 Clearance Between Duct and Interior Surfaces. 507.5 Drawings. 507.6 Notification of Change. |
| 130 | 508.0 Type I Hoods. 508.1 Where Required. 508.2 Listed Type I Hood Assemblies. 508.2.1 Listed Ultraviolet Hoods. 508.2.2 Construction of Listed Exhaust Hoods. 508.2.3 Assembly of Listed Exhaust Hoods. 508.3 Construction of Type I Hoods. 508.3.1 Grease Vapor. 508.3.2 Seams, Joints, and Penetrations. 508.3.2.1 Sealed. 508.3.3 Eyebrow-Type Hoods. 508.3.3.1 Duct Connection. 508.3.4 Insulation. FIGURE Figure 508.3.3 Typical Section of Eyebrow-Type Hood [NFPA 96: Figure 5.1.8.1] |
| 131 | 508.3.5 Exhaust Hood Assemblies with Integrated Supply-Air Plenums. 508.3.5.1 Outer Shell. 508.3.5.2 Inner Shell. 508.3.5.3 Fire Dampers. 508.3.5.3.1 Listing. 508.3.5.3.2 Actuating Temperature. 508.3.5.3.3 Exemption. 508.4 Supports. 508.5 Hood Size. 508.5.1 Canopy Size and Location. 508.5.1.1 Capacity of Hoods. 508.5.1.2 Extra-Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliances. 508.5.1.3 Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliances. Table 508.5.1.2 Extra-Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow Table 508.5.1.3 Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow |
| 132 | 508.5.1.4 Medium-Duty Cooking Appliances. 508.5.1.5 Light-Duty Cooking Appliances. 508.5.2 Noncanopy-Type Hoods. 508.5.2.1 Installation. 508.5.2.2 Capacity. 508.5.3 Labeling. 508.6 Solid-Fuel Hood Assemblies. 508.7 Exhaust Outlets. 509.0 Grease Removal Devices in Hoods. 509.1 Grease Removal Devices. 509.1.1 Grease Filters, Mesh-Type. 509.2 Installation. 509.2.1 Vertical Distance. Table 508.5.1.4 Medium-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow Table 508.5.1.5 Light-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow |
| 133 | 509.2.2 Grease Removal Device Protection. 509.2.2.1 Installation. 509.2.2.2 Size and Location. 509.2.2.3 Clearance. 509.2.3 Grease Filters. 509.2.3.1 Arrangement. 509.2.3.2 Accessibility. 509.2.3.3 Angled Installation. 509.2.3.4 [DPH] 509.2.4 Grease Drip Trays. 509.2.4.1 Size and Pitch. 509.2.5 Grease Filter Orientation. 509.3 Solid-Fuel Grease Removal Devices. 510.0 Exhaust Duct Systems. 510.1 General. 510.1.1 Fire Hazards. 510.1.2 Interconnection. 510.1.3 Duct Installation. 510.1.4 Accessibility. 510.1.5 Sign. 510.1.6 Bracing and Supports. 510.1.7 Type I Exhaust Duct Systems. 510.2 Clearance. |
| 134 | 510.3 Openings. 510.3.1 Access Panel. 510.3.2 Access for Cleaning and Inspection. 510.3.3 Horizontal Ducts. 510.3.3.1 Cleaning. 510.3.3.2 Safe Access and Work Platform. 510.3.3.3 Support. 510.3.4 Vertical Ducts. 510.3.4.1 Access. 510.3.4.2 Safe Access and Work Platform. 510.3.5 Nonlisted Ductwork. 510.3.6 Access Panels. 510.3.6.1 Within an Enclosure. 510.3.7 Fire Protection System Devices. 510.4 Listed Grease Ducts. 510.4.1 Factory-Built Grease Ducts. 510.5 Other Grease Ducts. 510.5.1 Materials. 510.5.2 Factory-Built Grease Ducts. 510.5.3 Installation. |
| 135 | 510.5.3.1 Duct Leakage Test. 510.5.3.2 Welded Duct Connection. 510.5.4 Butt Welded Connections. 510.5.5 Telescoping and Bell-Type Connections. 510.5.6 Duct Leakage Test. 510.6 Exterior Installations. 510.6.1 Weather Protection. 510.7 Interior Installations. 510.7.1 Less than Four Stories. 510.7.2 Four Stories or More. 510.7.3 Clearance. 510.7.4 Mechanical and Structural Integrity. |
| 136 | Figure 510.5.3 Permitted Duct-To Hood Collar Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.2.2] Figure 510.5.3.2(1) Telescoping -Type Duct Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.5.1(a)] Figure 510.5.3.2(2) Bell-Type Duct Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.5.1(B)] Figure 510.5.3.2(3) Flange with Edge Weld Duct Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.5.1(C)] Figure 510.5.3.2(4) Flange with Filled Weld Duct Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.5.1(D)] |
| 137 | 510.7.5 Materials. 510.7.5.1 Protection from Physical Damage. 510.7.5.2 Inspection. 510.7.6 Listed. 510.7.7 Fire Doors. 510.7.8 Ducts with Enclosure(s). 510.8 Underground Installations. 510.8.1 Grease Receptacle. 510.8.2 Cleanouts. 510.9 Termination of Type I Hood Exhaust System. 510.9.1 Rooftop Terminations. 510.9.1.1 Listed Flexible Connectors. 510.9.1.2 Inspection and Cleaning. |
| 138 | 510.9.2 Wall Terminations. 510.10 Solid-Fuel Duct Systems. 511.0 Air Movement. 511.1 Exhaust Fans for Commercial Cooking Operations. 511.1.1 Upblast Fans. 511.1.2 In-Line Exhaust Fans. Figure 510.9.1 Upblast Fan Clearances [NFPA 96: Figure 7.8.2.1] Figure 510.9.2 Exhaust Termination Distance from Fresh Air Intake(Fai) or Operable Door or Window [NFPA 96: Figure 7.8.3] |
| 139 | 511.1.2.1 Accessibility. 511.1.3 Utility Set Exhaust Fans. 511.1.3.1 At the Rooftop. 511.1.3.2 Within the Building. 511.1.3.3 Duct Systems. 511.1.4 Construction. 511.1.5 Openings. 511.1.6 Standard. 511.2 Airflow. 511.2.1 Exceptions. 511.2.2 Exhaust-Air Volumes. 511.2.2.1 Performance Test. 511.2.2.2 Capture and Containment Test. 511.2.3 Operation. |
| 140 | 511.3 Makeup Air. 511.3.1 Air Balance. Figure 511.1.2(1) Typical Section of Duct-To-Fan Connection-Butt Joint Method [NFPA 96: Figure 8.1.3.2(a)] Figure 511.1.2(2) Typical Section of Duct-To-Fan Connection-Overlapping Method [NFPA 96: Figure 8.1.3.2(b)] Figure 511.1.2(3) Typical Section of Duct-To-Fan Connection–Sealant Method [NFPA 96: Figure 8.1.3.2(c)] Figure 511.1.2(4) Typical Section of Duct-To-Fan Connection-Direct To Fan Inlet Cone Method [NFPA 96: Figure 8.1.3.2(d)] |
| 141 | 511.4 Common Duct (Manifold) Systems. 511.4.1 Connections. 511.4.2 Fire Damper. 511.4.3 Construction and Clearance. 511.4.4 Adjustment. 511.4.5 Adjustment Location. 511.4.6 Bleed Air Duct. 511.4.7 Disconnect. 511.5 Solid-Fuel Air Movement Requirements. 512.0 Auxiliary Equipment. 512.1 Dampers. 512.1.1 Use. 512.2 Electrical Equipment. 512.2.1 Device Installation in Ducts. 512.2.2 Lighting Units. 512.2.3 Concealed Spaces. 512.2.4 Listed Lighting Units. 512.2.5 Standard. 512.3 Other Equipment. 512.3.1 Fire-Extinguishing System. 512.3.2 Air Recirculation. 512.4 Solid-Fuel Auxiliary Equipment. 513.0 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. 513.1 General. 513.1.1 Protection. |
| 142 | 513.2 Types of Equipment. 513.2.1 Identification. 513.2.2 Standard. 513.2.3 Installation. 513.2.4 Modification of Existing Hood Systems. 513.2.4.1 Sealing. 513.2.4.2 Obstructions. 513.2.4.3 System Re-evaluation. 513.2.5 Fixed Baffle Hoods with Water Wash. 513.2.5.1 Domestic Water Supply. 513.2.5.2 Control Valve. 513.2.5.3 Activation. 513.2.5.4 Water-Wash System. 513.2.5.5 Exception. 513.2.5.6 Water Supply. |
| 143 | 513.2.6 Water Valve Supervision. 513.3 Simultaneous Operation. 513.3.1 Automatic Sprinkler System. 513.3.2 Dry or Wet Chemical Systems. 513.4 Fuel and Electric Power Shutoff. 513.4.1 Steam. 513.4.2 Protection Not Required. 513.4.3 Manual Reset. 513.5 Manual Activation. 513.5.1 Location of Manual Activation Device. 513.5.2 Automatic Sprinkler System. 513.5.3 Manual Actuator(s). 513.5.4 Standby Power Supply. 513.6 System Annunciation. 513.6.1 Signaling. 513.7 System Supervision. 513.7.1 Automatic Fire-Extinguishing System. 513.7.2 Supervision. 513.7.3 Listed Water Wash System. |
| 144 | 513.8 Special Design and Application. 513.8.1 Single Device. 513.9 Review and Certification. 513.10 Installation Requirements. 513.11 Portable Fire Extinguishers. 513.11.1 Other Fire Extinguishers. 513.12 Maintenance. 513.12.1 Permitted Use. 513.13 Solid-Fuel Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. 514.0 Procedures for the Use, Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Equipment. 514.1 Operating Procedures. 514.1.1 Filters. 514.1.2 Openings. 514.1.3 Posting of Instructions. 514.1.4 Listing and Manufacturer’s Instructions. 514.1.5 Nonoperational. 514.1.6 Secondary Control Equipment. 514.1.7 Inspection Frequency. 514.2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance. 514.2.1 Requirements. 514.2.2 Fusible Links and Sprinklers. 514.2.3 Inspection Tag. 514.2.4 Temperature-Sensing Elements. |
| 145 | 514.2.5 Certification. 514.3 Inspection for Grease Buildup. 514.4 Cleaning of Exhaust Systems. 514.4.1 Removal of Contaminants. 514.4.2 Electrical Switches. 514.4.3 Fire Suppression System. 514.4.4 Inoperable. 514.4.5 Solvents/Cleaning Aids. 514.4.6 Cleaning Chemicals. 514.4.7 Coating. 514.4.8 Access Panels and Cover Plates. 514.4.9 Date of Inspection. 514.4.10 Airflow. 514.4.11 Operable State. 514.4.12 Certification of Service. 514.4.13 Report Provided. 514.4.14 Unclean Area. 514.5 Cooking Equipment Maintenance. 514.5.1 Cleaning. 515.0 Minimum Safety Requirements for Cooking Equipment. 515.1 Cooking Equipment. 515.1.1 Installation. Table 514.3 Schedule of Inspection for Grease Buildup [NFPA 96: Table 11.4] |
| 146 | 515.1.1.1 Re-evaluation. 515.1.1.2 Prior Location. 515.1.1.3 Minimum Space. 515.1.1.4 Space Not Required. 515.1.1.5 Minimum Height. 515.2 Operating Controls. 516.0 Recirculating Systems. 516.1 General Requirements. 516.2 Design Restrictions. 516.2.1 Gas/Electrically Fueled Cooking Appliances. 516.2.2 Recirculation. 516.2.3 Protection. 516.2.4 Maximum Limits. 516.2.5 Label. 516.2.6 Fire Damper. 516.2.7 Installation of Electrical Wiring. 516.2.8 Power Supply. |
| 147 | 516.2.9 Listing Evaluation. 516.3 Interlocks. 516.3.1 Airflow Sections. 516.3.2 Filter Component. 516.3.3 ESP Interlocks. 516.3.3.1 Manual Reset. 516.3.4 Airflow Switch or Transducer. 516.4 Location and Application Restrictions. 516.5 Additional Fire Safety Requirements. 516.5.1 Installation Downstream. 516.5.2 Locations. 516.6 Use and Maintenance. 516.6.1 Manufacturer’s Instructions. 516.6.2 Cleaning Schedule. 516.6.3 Hood Plenum and Blower Section Cleaning Schedule. 516.6.4 Inspection of Safety Interlocks. 516.6.5 Inspection. 516.6.6 Maintenance Log. 517.0 Solid-Fuel Cooking Operations. 517.1 Venting Application. 517.1.1 Natural Draft. 517.1.2 System Compliance. 517.1.3 Makeup Air System. |
| 148 | 517.1.4 Natural Draft Ventilation Systems. 517.1.5 Opening Requirements. 517.1.6 Spark Arresters. 517.2 Location of Appliances. 517.2.1 Prohibited Location. 517.2.2 Flammable Vapors. 517.3 Hoods for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.3.1 Separation. 517.3.1.1 Equipment with Solid Fuel for Flavoring. 517.4 Exhaust Systems for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.4.1 Hood. 517.4.2 Building Exceeding Four Stories. 517.4.3 Prohibited. 517.5 Grease Removal Devices for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.5.1 Spark Arrester Devices. |
| 149 | 517.5.2 Filters. 517.6 Air Movement for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.6.1 Replacement Air. 517.6.2 Operation. 517.7 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.7.1 Grease Removal Devices, Hoods, and Duct Systems. 517.7.2 Listed Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. 517.7.3 Rating and Design. 517.7.4 Listing/Class. 517.7.5 Fixed-Water Pipe System. 517.7.6 Fuel Storage. 517.7.7 Auxiliary Fuel. 517.8 Other Safety Requirements. 517.8.1 Site-Built Solid Fuel Cooling Appliances. |
| 150 | 517.8.2 Additional Devices. 517.8.3 Prohibited. 518.0 Downdraft Appliances. 518.1 General. 518.2 Ventilation System. 518.3 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. 518.3.1 Integral Fire-Extinguishing System. 518.3.2 Interlocks. 518.4 Airflow Switch or Transducer. 518.4.1 Interlocks. 518.4.2 Manual Reset. 518.5 Surface Materials. 519.0 Type II Hood Exhaust System Requirements. 519.1 Where Required. 519.2 Construction of Type II Hoods. 519.3 Dishwashing Appliances. |
| 151 | 519.4 Type II Exhaust Duct Systems. 519.5 Termination of Type II Hood Exhaust System. 519.6 Makeup Air. |
| 152 | Chapter 6 Duct Systems |
| 154 | 601.0 General. 601.1 Applicability. 601.2 Sizing Requirements. 602.0 Material. 602.1 General. 602.2 Combustibles Within Ducts or Plenums. 602.2.1 Electrical. 602.2.2 Fire Sprinkler Piping. 602.2.3 Pneumatic Tubing. 602.2.4 Discrete Products in Plenums. 602.3 Metal. 602.4 Phenolic. 602.5 Gypsum. 602.6 Factory-Made Air Ducts. 602.6.1 Flexible Ducts. |
| 155 | 602.7 Vibration Isolators. 602.8 Corridors. 602.7 Vibration Isolators. 602.8 Corridors. 603.0 Installation of Ducts. 603.1 General. 603.2 Under Floor or Crawl Space. 603.3 Metal Ducts. 603.3.1 Rectangular Ducts. 603.3.2 Horizontal Round Ducts. 603.3.2.1 Tight-Fitting Around the Perimeter. 603.3.2.2 Size of Circular Bands. 603.3.2.3 Connection. 603.3.3 Earthquake Loads. 603.4 Factory-Made Air Ducts. 603.4.1 Length Limitation. 603.5 Flexible Air Ducts. |
| 156 | 603.6 Plastic Ducts. 603.7 Protection of Ducts. 603.8 Support of Ducts. 603.9 Protection Against Flood Damage. 603.10 Joints and Seams of Ducts. 603.10.1 Duct Leakage Tests. 603.10.1.1 Duct Leakage Tests for Residential Buildings. 603.11 Cross Contamination. 603.12 Underground Installation. TABLE Table 603.10 Closure Markings |
| 157 | 603.13 Air Dispersion Systems. 604.0 Insulation of Ducts. 604.1 General. 604.1.1 Within Ducts or Plenums. 604.1.2 Duct Coverings and Linings. 604.2 Thermal acoustical lining materials shall not be installed within ducts, terminal boxes, sound traps, and other in-duct systems serving areas such as operating, cesarean operating rooms, delivery rooms, post anesthesia care units, cystoscopy, cardiac catheterization labs, nurseries, intensive care units, new born intensive care units, and airborne infection isolation rooms unless terminal filters with 90 percent average efficiency based on ASHRAE Standard 52.2 or minimum efficiency rating value (MERV) of 14 are installed downstream of the duct lining. 604.3 Thermal or acoustical lining materials shall not be installed within ducts which are downstream of the 99.97 percent high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter or with minimum efficiency rating value (MERV) of 17 required in Section 408.2.1 for protective environment rooms. 605.0 Smoke Dampers, Fire Dampers, and Ceiling Dampers. 605.1 Smoke Dampers. 605.2 Fire Dampers. 605.3 Ceiling Radiation Dampers. |
| 158 | 605.4 Multiple Arrangements. 605.5 Access and Identification. 605.6 Freedom from Interference. 605.7 Temperature Classification of Operating Elements. 605.8 When the automatic activation of a smoke damper or acombination smoke-fire damper occurs, the HVAC systemserving such dampers shall immediately shut down. 606.0 Ventilating Ceilings. 606.1 General. 606.1.1 Ventilating ceilings are not permitted in health facilities. 606.2 Requirements. 607.0 Use of Under-Floor Space as Supply Plenum for Dwelling Units. 607.1 General. 607.2 Dwelling Units. 607.3 Enclosed. 607.4 Flammable Materials. 607.5 Access. 607.6 Automatic Control. 607.7 Temperature Limit. 607.8 Noncombustible Receptacle. 607.8.1 Location. 607.8.2 Area. 607.8.3 Perimeter. 607.9 Floor Registers. |
| 159 | 607.10 Exterior Wall and Interior Stud Partitions. 607.11Wall Register. 607.12 Distance from Combustible. 607.13 Vapor Barrier. 607.14 Prohibited. 608.0 Automatic Shutoffs. 608.1 Air-Moving Systems and Smoke Detectors. |
| 160 | Chapter 7 Combustion Air |
| 162 | 701.0 General. 701.1 Applicability. 701.1.1 Other Types of Appliances. 701.2 Pressure Difference. 701.3 Makeup Air. 701.4 Indoor Combustion Air. 701.4.1 Standard Method. 701.4.2 Known Air Infiltration Rate Method. 701.5 Indoor Opening Size and Location. 701.6 Outdoor Combustion Air. 701.6.1 Two Permanent Openings Method. |
| 163 | 701.6.2 One Permanent Opening Method. 701.7 Combination Indoor and Outdoor Combustion Air. 701.7.1 Indoor Openings. FIGURE Figure 701.5 Combustion Air from Adjacent Indoor Spaces Through Indoor Combustion Air Openings [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.2.3(1)] Figure 701.6.1(1) Combustion Air from Outdoors Inlet Air From Ventilated Crawl Space and Outlet Air to Ventilated Attic [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.3.1(1)(a)] Figure 701.6.1(2) Combustion Air From Outdoors through Ventilated Attic [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.3.1(1)(b)] |
| 164 | 701.7.2 Outdoor Openings. 701.7.3 Outdoor Opening(s) Size. 701.8 Engineered Installations. 701.9 Mechanical Combustion Air Supply. 701.9.1 Exhaust Fans. 701.9.2 Interlock. 701.9.3 Specified Combustion Air. 701.10 Louvers, Grilles, and Screens. 701.10.1 Minimum Screen Mesh Size. 701.10.2 Motorized Louvers. Figure 701.6.1(3) Combustion Air from Outdoors Through Horizontal Ducts [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.3.1(2)] Figure 701.6.2 Combustion Air from Outdoors Through Single Combustion Air Opening [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.3.2] |
| 165 | 701.11 Combustion Air Ducts. 701.12 Dampers Prohibited. 702.0 Extra Device or Attachment. 702.1 General. |
| 166 | Chapter 8 Chimney and Vents |
| 168 | 801.0 General. 801.1 Applicability. 801.2 Venting of Gas Appliances. 801.3 Appliances Fueled by Other Fuels. 802.0 Venting of Appliances. 802.1 Listing. 802.1.1 Installation. 802.1.2 Prohibited Discharge. 802.2 Connection to Venting Systems. 802.2.1 Appliances Not Required to be Vented. 802.2.2 Maximum Input Rating. 802.2.3 Adjacent Room or Space. 802.2.4 Ventilating Hoods. 802.2.5 Well-Ventilated Spaces. 802.2.6 Direct-Vent Appliances. 802.2.7 Appliances with Integral Vents. 802.2.8 Incinerators. 802.3 Design and Construction. 802.3.1 Appliance Draft Requirements. 802.3.2 Appliance Venting Requirements. |
| 169 | 802.3.3 Mechanical Draft Systems. 802.3.3.1 Venting. 802.3.3.2 Leakage. 802.3.3.3 Vent Connectors. 802.3.3.4 Operation. 802.3.3.5 Exit Terminals. 802.3.4 Ventilating Hoods and Exhaust Systems. 802.3.4.1 Automatically Operated Appliance. 802.3.5 Circulating Air Ducts and Furnace Plenums. 802.3.6 Above-Ceiling or Nonducted Air Handling System. 802.4 Type of Venting System to be Used. 802.4.1 Plastic Piping. 802.4.2 Plastic Vent Joints. 802.4.3 Special Gas Vent. 802.5 Masonry, Metal, and Factory-Built Chimneys. 802.5.1 Factory-Built Chimneys. 802.5.1.1 Decorative Shrouds. 802.5.1.2 Listing Requirements. 802.5.2 Metal Chimneys. 802.5.3 Masonry Chimneys. |
| 170 | 802.5.4 Termination. TABLE Table 802.4 Type of Venting System to Be Used [NFPA 54: Table 12.5.1] |
| 171 | 802.5.4.1 Medium-Heat Gas Appliances. 802.5.4.2 Chimney Height. 802.5.4.3 Decorative Shrouds. 802.5.5 Size of Chimneys. 802.5.6 Inspection of Chimneys or Vents. 802.5.7 Inspection of Chimneys. 802.5.7.1 Standard. FIGURE Figure 802.5.4 Typical Termination Locations for Chimneys and Single-Wall Metal Pipes Serving Residential-Type and Low-Heat Appliance [NFPA 54: Figure A.12.6.2.1] Figure 802.5.4 Typical Termination Locations for Chimneys and Single-Wall Metal Pipes Serving Residential-Type and Low-Heat Appliance [NFPA 54: Figure A.12.6.2.1] |
| 172 | 802.5.7.2 Cleanouts. 802.5.7.3 Existing Chimney. 802.5.8 Chimney Serving Appliances Burning Other Fuels. 802.5.8.1 Gas and Liquid-Fuel-Burning Appliances. 802.5.8.2 Gas and Solid-Fuel-Burning Appliances. 802.5.8.3 Combination Gas- and Oil-Burning Appliances. 802.5.9 Support of Chimneys. 802.5.10 Cleanouts. 802.5.11 Space Surrounding Lining or Vent. 802.5.11.1 Combustion Air. 802.6 Gas Vents. 802.6.1 Termination Requirements. |
| 173 | 802.6.1.1 Type B and L Vents. 802.6.1.2 Type B-W Vents. 802.6.1.3 Exterior Wall Termination. 802.6.1.4 Decorative Shrouds. 802.6.1.5 Termination Cap. 802.6.1.6 Forced Air Inlet. 802.6.1.7 Insulation Shield. 802.6.2 Size of Gas Vents. 802.6.2.1 Category I Appliances. 802.6.2.2 Vent Offsets. Table 802.6.1 Roof Pitch Height [NFPA 54: Table 12.7.2] Figure 802.6.1 Gas Vent Termination Locations for Listed Caps 12 Inches or Less in Size Not Less Than 8 Feet from A Vertical Wall [NFPA 54: Figure 12.7.2] |
| 174 | 802.6.2.3 Category II, Category III, and Category IV Appliances. 802.6.2.4 Sizing. 802.6.3 Gas Vents Serving Appliances on More than One Floor. 802.6.3.1 Occupiable Space. 802.6.3.2 Multistory Venting System. 802.6.4 Support of Gas Vents. 802.6.5 Marking. Figure 802.6.3.1 Plan View of Practical Separation Method for Multistory Gas Venting [NFPA 54: Figure A.12.7.4.2] Figure 802.6.3.2 Use of Manifolded Common Vent Connector [NFPA 54: Figure F.1(k)] |
| 175 | 802.7 Single-Wall Metal Pipe. 802.7.1 Cold Climate. 802.7.2 Termination. 802.7.3 Installation with Appliances Permitted by Section 802.4. 802.7.3.1 Limitations. 802.7.3.2 Attic or Concealed Space. 802.7.3.3 Clearances. 802.7.3.4 Combustible Exterior Wall. 802.7.3.5 Roof Thimble. Table 802.7.3.3 Clearance for Connectors [NFPA 54: Table 12.8.4.4] |
| 176 | 802.7.4 Size of Single-Wall Metal Pipe. 802.7.4.1 Sizing of Venting System. 802.7.4.2 Non-Round Metal Pipe. 802.7.4.3 Venting Capacity. 802.7.5 Support of Single-Wall Metal Pipe. 802.7.6 Marking. 802.8 Through-the-Wall Vent Termination. 802.8.1 Mechanical Draft Venting System. 802.8.2 Direct-Vent Appliance. 802.8.3 Category I through Category IV and Noncategorized Appliances. 802.8.4 Annular Spaces. 802.8.5 Vent Terminals. |
| 177 | 802.9 Condensation Drain. 802.9.1 Local Experience. 802.10 Vent Connectors for Category I Appliances. 802.10.1 Materials. 802.10.1.1 Unconditioned Area. 802.10.1.2 Residential Type Appliances. Figure 802.8 Exit Terminals of Mechanical Draft and Direct-Vent Venting Systems [NFPA 54: Figure A.12.9] |
| 178 | 802.10.1.3 Non-Residential Low-Heat Appliances. 802.10.1.4 Medium-Heat Appliances. 802.10.2 Size of Vent Connector. 802.10.2.1 Manifold. 802.10.2.2 Size. 802.10.2.3 Height. 802.10.2.4 Size Increase. Table 802.10.1.3 Minimum Thickness for Galvanized Steel Vent Connectors for Low-Heat Appliances [NFPA 54: Table 12.11.2.4] Table 802.10.1.4 Minimum Thickness for Steel Vent Connectors for Medium-Heat Appliances [NFPA 54: Table 12.11.2.5] |
| 179 | 802.10.3 Two or More Appliances Connected to a Single Vent. 802.10.3.1 Height of Connector. 802.10.3.2 Pressure. 802.10.4 Clearance. 802.10.5 Joints. 802.10.6 Slope. 802.10.7 Length of Vent Connector. 802.10.7.1 Single Wall Connector. 802.10.7.2 Type B Double Wall Connector. 802.10.8 Support. 802.10.9 Chimney Connection. 802.10.10 Inspection. 802.10.11 Fireplaces. 802.10.12 Passage through Ceilings, Floors, or Walls. 802.10.12.1 Medium-Heat Appliances. 802.11 Vent Connectors for Category II, Category III, and Category IV Appliances. 802.12 Draft Hoods and Draft Controls. |
| 180 | 802.12.1 Installation. 802.12.2 Draft Control Devices. 802.12.3 Additional Devices. 802.12.4 Location. 802.12.5 Positioning. 802.12.6 Clearance. 802.13 Manually Operated Dampers. 802.14 Obstructions. 802.15 Automatically Operated Vent Dampers. 802.15.1 Listing. 803.0 Sizing of Category I Venting Systems. 803.1 Single Appliance Vent Table 803.1.2(1) through Table 803.1.2(6). 803.1.1 Vent Downsizing. |
| 181 | 803.1.2 Elbows 803.1.3 Zero Lateral. 803.1.4 High-Altitude Installations. 803.1.5 Multiple Input Ratings. 803.1.6 Corrugated Chimney Liner Reduction. 803.1.7 Connection to Chimney Liners. 803.1.8 Vertical Vent Upsizing Using 7 x Rule. 803.1.9 Draft Hood Conversion Accessories. 803.1.10 Chimney and Vent Locations. 803.1.11 Residential and Low-Heat Appliances. 803.1.11.1 Clay Flue Lining. |
| 182 | 803.1.11.2 Chimney Lining. 803.1.12 Corrugated Vent Connector Size. 803.1.13 Upsizing. 803.1.14 Single Run of Vent. 803.1.15 Interpolation. 803.1.16 Extrapolation. 803.1.17 Engineering Methods. 803.1.18 Height Entries. 803.2 Multiple Appliance Vent Table 803.2(1) through Table 803.2(9). 803.2.1 Vent Connector Maximum Length. 803.2.2 Vent Connector Exceeding Maximum Length. Table 803.2.1 Vent Connector Maximum Length [NFPA 54: Table 13.2.2] |
| 183 | 803.2.3 Vent Connector Manifold. 803.2.4 Vent Offset. 803.2.5 Elbow Reduction. 803.2.6 Elbows in Connectors. 803.2.7 Common Vent Minimum Size. 803.2.8 Tee and Wye Fittings. 803.2.9 Size of Fittings. 803.2.10 High-Altitude Installations. 803.2.11 Connector Rise. 803.2.12 Vent Height. 803.2.13 Multistory Installations. 803.2.14 Size of Vents for Multistory Installations. Figure 803.2.13 Multistory Gas Vent Design Procedure for Each Segment of System [NFPA 54: Figure F.1(m)] |
| 184 | 803.2.15 Vent Type Multistory Installation. 803.2.16 Offsets in Multistory Installations. 803.2.17 Vertical Vent Size Limitation. 803.2.18 Multiple Input Ratings. 803.2.19 Corrugated Metallic Chimney Liner Reduction. 803.2.20 Chimneys and Vents. Figure 803.2.14 Principles of Design of Multistory Vents Using Vent Connector and Common Vent Design Tables [NFPA 54: Figure F.1(n)] |
| 185 | 803.2.21 Vent Connector Sizing. 803.2.22 Combination of Pipe Types and Sizes. 803.2.23 Multiple Connector and Vent Sizes. 803.2.24 Interpolation. 803.2.25 Extrapolation. 803.2.26 Engineering Methods. 803.2.27 Height Entries. |
| 186 | Figure 803.1.2(6) Range of Winter Design Temperatures Used in Analyzing Exterior Masonry Chimneys in The United States [NFPA 54: Figure F.2.4] |
| 187 | Table 803.1.2(1) Type B Double-Wall Gas Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(a)]* |
| 190 | Table 803.1.2(2) Type B Double-Wall Gas Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(b)]* |
| 192 | Table 803.1.2(3) Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(c)]* |
| 194 | Table 803.1.2(4) Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(d)]* |
| 196 | Table 803.1.2(5) Single-Wall Metal Pipe or Type B Asbestos-Cement Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(E)]* |
| 197 | Table 803.1.2(6) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(f)] |
| 198 | Table 803.2(1) Type B Double-Wall Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(a)]* |
| 202 | Table 803.2(2) Type B Double-Wall Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(b)]* |
| 204 | Table 803.2(3) Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(c)]* |
| 206 | Table 803.2(4) Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(d)]* |
| 208 | Table 803.2(5) Single-Wall Metal Pipe or Type B Asbestos-Cement Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(e)]* Table 803.2(6) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(f)]* |
| 209 | Table 803.2(7) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(g)] |
| 210 | Table 803.2(8) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(h)]* |
| 211 | Table 803.2(9) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(i)] |
| 212 | Chapter 9 Installation of Specific Appliances |
| 214 | 901.0 General. 901.1 Applicability. 902.0 General. 902.1 Nonindustrial Appliance. 902.2 Combustion Air from Bedroom or Bathroom. 902.3 Added or Converted Appliances. 902.4 Type of Gas(es). 902.5 Safety Shutoff Devices for Unlisted LP-Gas Appliance Used Indoors. 902.6 Fuel Input Rate. 902.7 Use of Air or Oxygen Under Pressure. 902.8 Building Structural Members. 902.8.1 Structural Capacity. 902.9 Flammable Vapors. 902.10 Solid-Fuel Burning Appliances. 902.11 Combination of Appliances and Equipment. 902.12 Protection of Gas Appliances from Fumes or Gases Other than Products of Combustion. |
| 215 | 902.13 Process Air. 902.14 Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators. 902.15 Venting of Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators. 902.16 Bleed Lines for Diaphragm-Type Valves. 903.0 Air-Conditioning Appliances. 903.1 Electric Air Conditioners. 903.2 Gas-Fired Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps. 903.2.1 Independent Gas Piping. 903.2.2 Connection of Gas Engine-Powered Air Conditioners. 903.2.3 Clearances for Indoor Installation. |
| 216 | 903.2.4 Assembly and Installation. 903.2.5 Furnace Plenums and Air Ducts. 903.2.6 Refrigeration Coils. 903.2.7 Switches in Electrical Supply Line. 904.0 Central Heating Boilers and Furnaces. 904.1 Location. 904.1.1 Self-Closing Doors. 904.1.2 Gasketing. 904.2 Clearance. 904.2.1 Listed Units. 904.2.2 Unlisted Units. 904.2.3 Listed and Unlisted Units. 904.2.4 Front Clearance. 904.2.5 Adjacent to Plaster or Noncombustible Materials. 904.2.6 Interference. 904.2.7 Supply Air Ducts to Listed Furnaces. |
| 217 | 904.2.8 Supply Air Ducts to Unlisted Furnaces. 904.2.9 Central Heating Furnaces. 904.3 Assembly and Installation. 904.3.1 Under-Floor Installation. 904.3.1.1 Supported by Ground. 904.3.1.2 Supported from Above. 904.3.1.3 Excavation. 904.4 Temperature- or Pressure-Limiting Devices. 904.5 Low-Water Cutoff. 904.6 Steam Safety and Pressure-Relief Valves. 904.6.1 Discharge. 904.6.2 Size. 904.6.3 End Connections. Table 904.2.2 Clearances to Combustible Material for Unlisted Furnaces and Boilers [NFPA 54: Table 10.3.2.2] |
| 218 | 904.7 Furnace Plenums and Air Ducts. 904.7.1 Supplied as a Part of Furnace. 904.7.2 Not Supplied with the Furnace. 904.7.3 Return Air. 904.8 Refrigeration Coils. 904.9 Cooling Units Used with Heating Boilers. 904.9.1 Exposed to Refrigerated Air Circulation. 904.10 Furnace (Upright and Horizontal). 904.11 Solid-Fuel-Fired Furnaces. 904.12 Oil-Fired Central Furnaces. 904.13 Commercial or Industrial Gas Heaters. 904.14 Electric Central Furnaces. 905.0 Duct Furnaces. 905.1 Clearances. 905.2 Installation of Duct Furnaces. 905.3 Access Panels. 905.4 Location of Draft Hoods and Controls. 905.5 Circulating Air. |
| 219 | 905.6 Duct Furnaces Used with Refrigeration Systems. 905.6.1 In Conjunction with Cooling Appliances. 905.6.2 Located Upstream from Cooling Coils. 905.6.3 Heat Exchangers. 905.7 Installation in Commercial Garages and Aircraft Hangars. 905.8 Electric Duct Heaters. 905.8.1 Installation. 905.8.2 Clearance. 906.0 Floor Furnaces. 906.1 Installation. 906.2 Temperature Limit Controls. 906.3 Combustion and Circulating Air. 906.4 Placement. 906.5 Bracing. 906.6 Support. 906.7 Clearance. |
| 220 | 906.8 Access. 906.9 Seepage Pan. 906.10 Wind Protection. 906.11 Upper-Floor Installations. 906.12 First Floor Installation. 906.13 Oil-Fired Floor Furnaces. 907.0 Wall Furnaces. 907.1 Installation. 907.1.1 Unlisted Wall Furnaces. 907.1.2 Vented Wall Furnaces. 907.1.3 Direct Vent Wall Furnaces. FIGURE Figure 907.1.2 Installation Of Type B-W Gas Vents For Vented Wall Furnaces [NFPA 54: Figure 10.26.1.3] |
| 221 | 907.1.4 Panels, Grilles, and Access Doors. 907.2 Location 907.3 Combustion and Circulating Air. 907.4 Oil-Fired Wall Furnaces. 908.0 Clothes Dryers. 908.1 Electric Clothes Dryers. 908.2 Gas-Fired Clothes Dryers. 908.2.1 Clearance. 908.2.2 Exhausting to the Outdoors. 908.2.3 Multiple-Family or Public Use. 909.0 Conversion Burners. 909.1 General. 910.0 Burner Assemblies. 910.1 Oil Burners. 910.2 Gas Burners. 911.0 Decorative Appliances for Installation in Vented Fireplaces. 911.1 Prohibited Installations. 911.2 Installation. 911.2.1 Listed Decorative Appliance. 911.2.2 Reserved. 911.2.3 Unlisted Decorative Appliance. 911.3 Fireplace Screens. 912.0 Gas Fireplaces, Vented. 912.1 Prohibited Installations. 912.2 Installation. |
| 222 | 912.3 Combustion and Circulating Air. 913.0 Factory-Built Fireplaces and Fireplace Stoves. 913.1 Factory-Built Fireplaces. 913.1.1 Gasketed Fireplace Doors. 913.2 Fireplace Stoves. 913.3 Fireplace Accessories. 914.0 Non-Recirculating Direct Gas-Fired Industrial Air Heaters. 914.1 Application. 914.2 Prohibited Installations. 914.3 Installation. 914.3.1 Industrial or Commercial Occupancies. 914.3.2 Fresh Air Ventilation. 914.3.3 Access Required. 914.4 Clearance from Combustible Materials. 914.5 Air Supply. 914.6 Atmospheric Vents, Gas Reliefs, or Bleeds. TABLE Table 911.2 Free Opening Area of Chimney Damper for Venting Flue Gases from Unlisted Decorative Appliances for Installation in Vented Fireplaces [NFPA 54: Table 10.6.2.3] |
| 223 | 914.7 Relief Openings. 914.7.1 Infiltration Rate. 914.7.2 Louver or Gravity Dampers. 914.8 Purging. 915.0 Recirculating Direct Gas-Fired Industrial Air Heaters. 915.1 Application. 915.2 Prohibited Installations. 915.3 Installation. 915.4 Clearance from Combustible Materials. 915.5 Air Supply. 915.6 Atmospheric Vents, Gas Reliefs, or Bleeds. 915.7 Relief Openings. 915.7.1 Infiltration Rate. 915.7.2 Louver or Gravity Dampers. 915.8 Purging. 916.0 Room Heaters. 916.1 Electric Room Heaters. 916.2 Gas-Fired Room Heaters. 916.2.1 Prohibited Installations. 916.2.1.1 Unvented Room Heaters. |
| 224 | 916.2.2 Installations in Institutions. 916.2.3 Clearance. 916.2.4 Wall-Type Room Heaters. 916.3 Solid-Fuel-Type Room Heaters. 917.0 Unit Heaters. 917.1 Support. 917.2 Clearance. 917.2.1 Floor-Mounted-Type Unit Heaters. 917.3 Combustion and Circulating Air. 917.4 Ductwork. 917.5 Installation in Commercial Garages and Aircraft Hangars. 917.6 Oil-Fired Unit Heaters. |
| 225 | 918.0 Food Service Appliance, Floor Mounted. 918.1 Clearance for Listed Appliances. 918.2 Clearance for Unlisted Appliances. 918.3 Mounting on Combustible Floors. 918.3.1 Not Listed for Mounting on Combustible Floors. 918.4 Installation on Noncombustible Floors. 918.5 Combustible Material Adjacent to Cooking Top. 918.6 Use with Casters. 918.7 Level Installation. 918.8 Ventilation. 919.0 Food Service Appliances, Counter Appliances. 919.1 Vertical Clearance. 919.2 Clearance for Listed Appliances. |
| 226 | 919.3 Clearance for Unlisted Appliances. 919.4 Mounting of Unlisted Appliances. 920.0 Household Cooking Appliances. 920.1 Electric Household Cooking Appliances. 920.2 Gas-Fired Household Cooking Appliances. 920.3 Floor-Mounted Units. 920.3.1 Clearance from Combustible Material. 920.3.2 Vertical Clearance Above Cooking Top. 920.4 Built-In Units. 920.4.1 Installation. 920.4.2 Vertical Clearance. |
| 227 | 920.4.3 Horizontal Clearance. 920.4.4 Level Installation. 921.0 Cooking Appliances Listing. 921.1 Commercial Electric Ranges. 921.2 Commercial Wood-Fired Baking Ovens. 921.3 Oil-Burning Ranges. 922.0 Open-Top Broiler Units. 922.1 Listed Units. 922.2 Unlisted Units. 922.3 Protection Above Domestic Units. 922.4 Commercial Units. 923.0 Outdoor Cooking Appliances. 923.1 Listed Units. 923.2 Unlisted Units. 924.0 Illuminating Appliances. 924.1 Clearances for Listed Appliances. 924.2 Clearances for Unlisted Appliances. 924.2.1 Open-Flame Type. |
| 228 | 924.3 Mounting on Buildings. 924.4 Mounting on Posts. 924.5 Appliance Pressure Regulators. 925.0 Incinerators and Crematories. 925.1 Field Constructed Commercial-Industrial Incinerators. 925.2 Factory-Built Commercial Crematories. 925.3 Residential Incinerators. 926.0 Infrared Heaters. 926.1 Support. 926.2 Clearance. 926.3 Combustion and Ventilation Air. 926.3.1 Exhaust Openings. 926.4 Installation in Commercial Garages and Aircraft Hangars. 927.0 Pool Heaters. 927.1 Location. 927.2 Clearance. 927.3 Temperature or Pressure-Limiting Devices. 927.3.1 Pressure Relief Valve. Table 924.2.1 Clearances for Unlisted Outdoor Open-Flame Illuminating Appliances [NFPA 54:Table 10.15.2.2] |
| 229 | 927.4 Bypass Valves. 927.5 Venting. 928.0 Refrigerators. 928.1 Clearance. 928.2 Venting or Ventilating Kits Approved for Use with a Refrigerator. 929.0 Gas-Fired Toilets. 929.1 Clearance. 929.2 Installation on Combustible Floors. 929.3 Vents. 930.0 Appliances for Installation in Manufactured Housing. 930.1 General. 931.0 Small Ceramic Kilns. 931.1 General. 931.2 Installation. 931.3 Fuel-Gas Controls. 931.4 Electrical Equipment. 931.5 Installations Inside Buildings. 931.5.1 Kiln Clearances. 931.5.2 Hoods. 931.5.3 Gravity Ventilation Ducts. 931.5.4 Makeup Air. |
| 230 | 931.5.5 Hood and Duct Clearances. 931.6 Exterior Installations. 932.0 Outdoor Open Flame Decorative Appliances. 932.1 General. 932.1.1 Listed Units. 932.1.2 Unlisted Units. 932.1.3 Connection to the Piping System. 933.0 Evaporative Cooling Systems. 933.1 General. 933.2 Location. 933.3 Access, Inspection, and Repair. 933.4 Installation. 933.4.1 Modifications to the Supporting Structure. 933.4.2 On the Ground. 933.4.3 On a Platform. 934.0 Refrigeration Appliances. 934.1 Self-Contained Refrigerators and Freezers. 934.2 Unit Coolers. 934.3 Self-Contained Mechanical Refrigeration Systems. 935.0 Ductless Mini-Split Systems Installation. 935.1 General. 936.0 Air Filter Appliances. 936.1 Electrostatic Air Cleaners. 936.2 High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Units. 937.0 Gaseous Hydrogen Systems. 937.1 General. 938.0 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicular Fuel Systems. 938.1 General. |
| 232 | Chapter 10 Boilers and Pressure Vessels |
| 234 | 1001.0 General. 1001.1 Applicability. 1001.2 Boiler Rooms and Enclosures. 1001.3 Air for Combustion and Ventilation. 1001.4 Drainage. 1001.5 Mounting. 1001.5.1 Floors. 1001.6 Chimneys or Vents. 1002.0 Standards. 1002.1 General. 1002.2 Oil-Burning Boilers. 1002.2.1 Listing & Labeling. 1002.2.2 Installation. 1002.3 Electric Boilers. 1002.4 Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers. 1002.5 Dual Purpose Water Heater. 1003.0 Detailed Requirements. 1003.1 Safety Requirements. |
| 235 | 1003.2 Controls. 1003.2.1 Automatic Boilers. 1003.3 Gauges. 1003.4 Stack Dampers. 1003.5 Welding. 1004.0 Expansion Tanks. 1004.1 General. 1004.2 Open-Type Expansion Tanks. 1004.3 Closed-Type Systems. 1004.4 Minimum Capacity of Closed-Type Tank. TABLE Table 1004.4(1) Expansion Tank Capacities for Gravity Hot Water Systems |
| 236 | 1005.0 Safety or Relief Valve Discharge. 1005.1 General. 1005.2 Discharge Piping. 1005.3 Splash Shield. 1005.4 Hazardous Discharge. 1005.5 Vacuum Relief Valve. 1006.0 Shutoff Valves. 1006.1 General. 1007.0 Gas-Pressure Regulators. 1007.1 General. 1008.0 Low-Water Cutoff. 1008.1 General. 1009.0 Combustion Regulators – Safety Valves. 1009.1 General. Table 1004.4(2) Expansion Tank Capacities for Forced Hot Water Systems |
| 237 | 1010.0 Clearance for Access. 1010.1 General. 1010.2 Power Boilers. 1010.3 Steam-Heating Boilers, Hot Water Boilers, and Power Boilers. 1010.4 Package Boilers, Steam-Heating Boilers, and Hot-Water-Heating Boilers. 1011.0 Boilers, Stokers, and Steam Generators. 1011.1 General. 1012.0 Operating Adjustments and Instructions. 1012.1 General. 1013.0 Inspections and Tests. 1013.1 General. 1013.2 Operating Permit. 1013.3 Maintenance Inspection. 1013.4 Power and Miniature Boilers. |
| 238 | 1013.5 Steam-Heating and Water-Heating Boilers. 1013.6 Automatic Steam-Heating Boilers. 1013.7 Unfired Pressure Vessels. 1014.0 Operation and Maintenance of Boilers and Pressure Vessels. 1014.1 General. |
| 239 | Table 1003.2.1 Controls and Limit Devices for Automatic Boilers |
| 242 | Chapter 11 Refrigeration |
| 244 | 1101.0 General. 1101.1 Applicability. 1101.2 Equipment. Part I – Refrigeration Systems. 1102.0 Refrigeration Systems. 1102.1 General. 1102.2 Ammonia Refrigeration Systems. 1102.3 Refrigerants. 1103.0 Classification. 1103.1 Classification of Refrigerants. 1103.1.1 Safety Group. 1103.2 Classification of Refrigeration Systems. 1103.2.1 High-Probability System. 1103.2.2 Low-Probability System. 1103.3 Higher Flammability Refrigerants. 1104.0 Requirements for Refrigerant and Refrigeration System Use. 1104.1 System Selection. 1104.2 Refrigerant Concentration Limit. |
| 245 | 1104.2.1 Volume Calculations. 1104.2.2 Nonconnecting Spaces. 1104.2.3 Ventilated Spaces. 1104.2.3.1 Closures. 1104.2.3.2 Plenums. 1104.2.3.3 Supply and Return Ducts. 1104.3 Institutional Occupancies. 1104.4 Industrial Occupancies and Refrigerated Rooms. 1104.5 Flammable Refrigerants. 1104.6 Applications for Human Comfort and for Nonindustrial Occupancies. 1104.7 Refrigerant Type and Purity. 1104.7.1 Recovered Refrigerants. |
| 246 | 1104.7.2 Recycled Refrigerants. 1104.7.3 Reclaimed Refrigerants. 1104.7.4 Mixing. 1104.8 Changing Refrigerants. 1105.0 General Requirements. 1105.1 Human Comfort. 1105.2 Supports and Anchorage. 1105.3 Access. 1105.4 Illumination and Service Receptacles. 1105.5 Ventilation of Rooms Containing Condensing Units. |
| 247 | 1105.5.1 Permanent Gravity Ventilation Openings. 1105.5.2 Mechanical Exhaust System. 1105.6 Prohibited Locations. 1105.7 Condensate. 1105.8 Defrost. 1105.9 Overflows. 1105.10 Condensate, Defrost, and Overflow Disposal. 1105.11 Refrigerant Port Protection. 1105.12 Storage. 1105.12.1 Quantity. 1106.0 Refrigeration Machinery Rooms. 1106.1 Where Required. 1106.1.1 Quantity. 1106.1.2 Equipment. 1106.1.3 A1 System. 1106.1.4 A1 Refrigerant. 1106.2 Refrigeration Machinery Room, General Requirements. 1106.2.1 Access. |
| 248 | 1106.2.2 Openings. 1106.2.2.1 Detectors and Alarms. 1106.2.2.2 Refrigerant Detectors. 1106.2.3 Mechanical Ventilation. 1106.2.4 Ventilation. 1106.2.5 Emergency Ventilation-Required Airflow. 1106.2.5.1 Ventilation – A1, A2, A3, B1, B2L, B2 and B3 Refrigerants. 1106.2.5.2 Ventilation – Group A2L Refrigerants. |
| 249 | 1106.3 Normal Operation. 1106.4 Natural Ventilation. 1106.5 Combustion Air. 1106.6 Airflow. 1106.7 Ventilation Intake. 1106.8 Maximum Temperature. 1106.9 Refrigerant Parts in Air Duct. TABLE Table 1106.2.5.2 Required Airflow for Group A2L Refrigerants |
| 250 | 1106.10 Dimensions. 1106.11 Restricted Access. 1106.12 Exits. 1107.0 Machinery Room, Special Requirements. 1107.1 General. 1107.1.1 Flame-Producing Devices. 1107.1.2 Doors. 1107.1.3 Walls, Floors, and Ceilings. 1107.1.4 Machinery Rooms. 1107.1.5 Exterior Openings. 1107.1.6 Sealing. 1107.1.7 Group A2L and B2L Refrigerants. 1107.1.7.1 Mechanical Ventilation. 1107.1.7.2 Refrigeration Detectors. 1107.1.7.3 Machinery Rooms. 1107.1.8 Group A2, A3, B2, or B3 Refrigerants. 1107.1.9 Refrigeration Systems. 1107.1.10 Remote Control. 1108.0 Refrigeration Machinery Room Equipment and Controls. 1108.1 General. 1108.2 Electrical. 1108.3 Emergency Shut-off. |
| 251 | 1108.4 Installation, Maintenance, and Testing. 1108.5 Emergency Pressure Control System. 1109.0 Refrigeration Piping, Containers, and Valves. 1109.1 Materials. 1109.1.1 Copper and Copper Alloy Pipe. 1109.1.2 Copper Linesets. 1109.1.3 Iron and Steel. 1109.1.4 Prohibited Contact. 1109.2 Joints. 1109.3 Penetration of Piping. 1109.4 Location of Refrigeration Piping. 1109.4.1 Protection from Mechanical Damage. 1109.5 Underground Piping. 1109.5.1 Piping in Concrete Floors. 1109.6 Support. 1109.7 Pipe Enclosure. |
| 252 | 1109.8 Visual Inspection. 1109.9 Condensation. 1109.10 Identification. 1110.0 Valves. 1110.1 More than 6.6 Pounds of Refrigerant. 1110.2 More than 110 Pounds of Refrigerant. 1110.3 Support. 1110.4 Access. 1110.5 Identification. 1111.0 Pressure-Limiting Devices. 1111.1 Where Required. 1111.2 Setting. 1111.3 Location. 1111.4 Emergency Stop. 1112.0 Pressure-Relief Devices. 1112.1 General. |
| 253 | 1112.2 Positive Displacement Compressor. 1112.3 Liquid-Containing Portions of Systems. 1112.4 Evaporators. 1112.5 Hydrostatic Expansion. 1112.5.1 Hydrostatic Expansion During Normal Operation. 1112.5.2 Hydrostatic Expansion During Maintenance. 1112.6 Actuation. |
| 254 | 1112.7 Stop Valves Prohibited. 1112.8 Location. 1112.9 Materials. 1112.10 Pressure-Relief Device Settings. 1112.10.1 Rupture Member Setting. 1112.11 Discharge from Pressure-Relief Devices. 1112.11.1 Discharging Location Interior to Building. 1112.11.2 Discharging Location Exterior to Building. 1112.11.3 Internal Relief. |
| 255 | 1112.11.4 Discharge Location, Special Requirements. 1112.11.4.1 Water (R-718). 1112.12 Discharge Piping. 1112.12.1 Piping Connection. 1112.12.2 Pipe Size. 1112.12.3 Maximum Length. 1112.12.4 Design Back Pressure. Table 1112.12.3 Atmospheric Pressure at Nominal Installation Elevation (Pa) [ASHRAE 15: Table 9.7.9.3.2] |
| 256 | 1112.12.5 Simultaneous Operation. 1112.13 Rating of Pressure-Relief Device. 1112.14 Rating of Rupture Members and Fusible Plugs. 1113.0 Overpressure Protection. 1113.1 General. 1113.2 Type of Protection. 1113.3 Discharging into Lowside of System. 1113.4 Parallel Pressure-Relief Devices. 1113.5 Discharge Capacity. |
| 257 | 1113.6 Three-Way Valve. 1114.0 Special Discharge Requirements. 1114.1 General. 1114.2 Design Requirements. 1114.3 Testing. 1115.0 Labeling and Identification. 1115.1 General. 1115.2 Volume and Type. 1115.3 Permanent Sign. 1115.4 Marking of Pressure-Relief Devices. Table 1113.5 Relief Devices Capacity Factor [ASHRAE 15:Table 9.7.5] |
| 258 | 1115.4.1 Rupture Members. 1115.4.2 Fusible Plugs. 1116.0 Testing of Refrigeration Equipment. 1116.1 Factory Tests. 1116.1.1 Testing Procedure. 1116.1.2 Applied Pressure. 1116.1.3 Design Pressure of 15 psig or Less. 1116.2 Field Tests. 1116.3 Test Gases. Table 1116.2 Field Leak Test Pressures (psig)* |
| 259 | 1116.4 Declaration. 1116.5 Brine Systems. 1117.0 Refrigerant-Containing Pressure Vessels. 1117.1 Inside Dimensions 6 inches or Less. 1117.1.1 Pressure-Relief Device. 1117.1.2 Fusible Plug. 1117.2 Inside Dimensions More than 6 inches. 1117.3 Pressure Vessels for 15 psig or Less. 1118.0 Maintenance and Operation. 1118.1 General. Part II – Cooling Towers. 1119.0 General. 1119.1 Applicability. 1120.0 Support and Anchorage. 1120.1 General. 1121.0 Drainage. 1121.1 General. 1122.0 Chemical Treatment Systems. 1122.1 General. 1122.2 Automated Control of Cycles of Concentration. 1123.0 Location. 1123.1 General. |
| 260 | 1124.0 Electrical. 1124.1 General. 1125.0 Refrigerants and Hazardous Fluids. 1125.1 General. 1126.0 Drift Eliminators. 1126.1 General. |
| 261 | Table 1102.3 Refrigerant Groups, Properties, and Allowable Quantities [ASHRAE 34: TABLE 4-1, Table 4-2] |
| 266 | Table 1104.1 Permissible Refrigeration Systems |
| 268 | Chapter 12 Hydronics |
| 270 | 1201.0 General. 1201.1 Applicability. 1201.2 Insulation. 1201.3 Water Hammer. 1201.4 Terminal Units. 1201.5 Return-Water Low-Temperature Protection. 1202.0 Protection of Potable Water Supply. 1202.1 Prohibited Sources. 1202.2 Chemical Injection. 1202.3 Compatibility. 1203.0 Capacity of Heat Source. 1203.1 Heat Source. 1203.2 Dual Purpose Water Heater. 1203.3 Tankless Water Heater. 1204.0 Identification of a Potable and Nonpotable Water System. 1204.1 General. 1204.2 Color and Information. 1204.3 Potable Water. 1204.4 Nonpotable Water. TABLE Table 1203.2 Water Heaters |
| 271 | 1204.5 Location of Piping Identification. 1204.6 Flow Directions. 1205.0 Installation, Testing, and Inspection. 1205.1 Operating Instructions. 1205.2 Pressure Testing. 1205.3 Flushing. 1206.0 Pressure and Safety Devices. 1206.1 General. 1206.2 Discharge Piping. 1207.0 Heating Appliances and Equipment. 1207.1 General. 1207.2 Boilers. 1207.2.1 Condensing Boilers. 1207.2.2 Noncondensing Boilers. 1207.3 Dual-Purpose Water Heaters. 1207.3.1 Temperature Limitations. Table 1204.3 Minimum Length of Color Field and Size of Letters |
| 272 | 1207.4 Solar Heat Collector Systems. 1208.0 Circulators and Pumps. 1208.1 General. 1208.2 Mounting. 1208.3 Sizing. 1209.0 Expansion Tanks. 1209.1 General. 1209.2 Installation. 1209.3 Open-Type Expansion Tanks. 1209.4 Closed-Type Tanks. 1209.5 Sizing. 1210.0 Materials. 1210.1 Piping, Tubing, and Fittings. 1210.2 Expansion and Contraction. 1210.3 Hangers and Supports. 1210.4 Oxygen Diffusion Corrosion. 1211.0 Joints and Connections. 1211.1 General. 1211.2 Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) Pipe. |
| 273 | Table 1210.1 Materials for Hydronic System Piping, Tubing, and Fittings |
| 274 | 1211.3 CPVC/AL/CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints. 1211.4 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe and Tubing. 1211.5 Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe. |
| 275 | 1211.6 Cross-Linked Polyethylene/Aluminum/Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) Pipe. 1211.7 Ductile Iron Pipe. 1211.8 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe/Tubing. 1211.9 Polyethylene/Aluminum/Polyethylene (PE-ALPE). 1211.10 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT). |
| 276 | 1211.11 Polypropylene (PP) Pipe. 1211.12 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe. 1211.13 Steel Pipe and Tubing. 1211.14 Joints Between Various Materials. 1211.14.1 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe or Tubing to Threaded Pipe Joints. 1211.14.2 Plastic Pipe to Other Materials. 1212.0 Valves. 1212.1 General. 1212.2 Where Required. 1212.3 Heat Exchanger. 1212.4 Pressure Vessels. 1212.5 Pressure Reducing Valves. |
| 277 | 1212.6 Equipment, Components, and Appliances. 1212.7 Expansion Tank. 1212.8 Flow Balancing Valves. 1212.9 Mixing or Temperature Control Valves. 1212.10 Thermosiphoning. 1212.11 Air Removal Device or Air Vents. 1213.0 System Controls. 1213.1 Water Temperature Controls. 1213.2 Operating Steam Controls. 1213.2.1 Water-Level Controls. 1213.3 Occupied Spaces. 1214.0 Pressure and Flow Controls. 1214.1 Balancing. 1214.2 Low-Water Control. 1214.3 Flow-Sensing Devices. 1214.4 Automatic Makeup Fluid. 1214.5 Differential Pressure Regulation. 1214.5.1 Differential Pressure Bypass Valve. 1214.6 Air-Removal Device. 1214.7 Air-Separation Device. 1214.8 Secondary Loops. 1215.0 Hydronic Space Heating. 1215.1 General. 1215.2 Installation. |
| 278 | 1215.3 Freeze Protection. 1215.4 Balancing. 1215.5 Heat Transfer Fluid. 1216.0 Steam Systems. 1216.1 Steam Traps. 1216.2 Sloping for Two-Pipe System. 1216.3 Sloping for One-Pipe System. 1216.4 Automatic Air Vents. 1216.5 Condensate Flow. 1216.6 Steam-Distribution Piping. 1217.0 Radiant Heating and Cooling. 1217.1 Installation. 1217.1.1 Manifolds. 1217.2 Radiant Under-Floor Heating. 1217.3 Radiant Cooling Systems. 1217.4 Tube Placement. 1217.5 Poured Floor Structural Concrete Slab Systems (Thermal Mass). 1217.5.1 Slab Penetration Tube and Joint Protection. Table 1217.4 Maximum Length of Continuous Tubing from A Supply-And-Return Manifold Arrangement |
| 279 | 1217.5.2 Insulation. 1217.5.3 Joist Systems and Subfloors. 1217.5.4 Wall and Ceiling Panels. 1217.6 Radiant Heating and Cooling Panels. 1217.6.1 Electric Heating Panel Systems. 1217.6.2 Radiant Wall and Ceiling Panels. 1218.0 Heat Exchangers. 1218.1 General. 1219.0 Indirect-Fired Domestic Hot-Water Storage Tanks. 1219.1 General. |
| 280 | 1220.0 Auxiliary Systems. 1220.1 Use of Chemical Additives and Corrosive Fluids. 1220.2 Snow and Ice Melt Controls. 1220.2.1 Tube Placement. 1220.2.2 Poured Concrete Slab Systems (Thermal Mass). 1220.2.3 Slab Penetration Tube and Joint Protection. 1220.2.4 Concrete Slab Preparation. 1220.2.5 Insulation. 1220.2.6 Testing and Flushing. 1220.3 Hydronic Makeup Air Units. 1221.0 Piping Installation. 1221.1 General. 1221.2 Embedded Piping Materials and Joints. 1221.2.1 Steel Pipe. 1221.2.2 Copper Tubing. 1221.2.3 Plastics. Table 1220.2.1 Loop Lengths for Snow and Ice Melt Systems |
| 281 | 1221.3 Pressure Testing. 1221.4 System Drainage. 1221.5 Condensate Drainage. 1221.6 Clearance to Combustibles. |
| 282 | Chapter 13 Fuel Gas Piping |
| 284 | 1301.0 Scope of Gas Piping. 1301.1 Applicability. 1302.0 Coverage of Piping System. 1302.1 General. 1302.2 Piping System Requirements. 1302.3 Applications. 1303.0 Inspection. 1303.1 Inspection Notification. 1303.2 Excavation. 1303.3 Type of Inspections. 1303.3.1 Rough Piping Inspection. 1303.3.2 Final Piping Inspection. |
| 285 | 1303.3.3 Test Gauges. 1303.3.3.1 Pressure Tests (10 psi or less). 1303.3.3.2 Pressure Tests (greater than 10 psi to 100 psi) 1303.3.3.3 Pressure Tests (exceeding 100 psi). 1303.3.3.4 Pressure Range. 1303.4 Inspection Waived. 1304.0 Certificate of Inspection. 1304.1 Issuance. 1304.2 Gas Supplier. 1304.3 Unlawful. 1305.0 Authority to Render Gas Service. 1305.1 Authorized Personnel. 1305.2 Outlets. 1306.0 Authority to Disconnect. 1306.1 Disconnection. 1306.2 Notice. 1306.3 Capped Outlets. 1307.0 Temporary Use of Gas. 1307.1 General. 1308.0 Gas Piping System Design, Materials, and Components. 1308.1 Installation of Piping System. 1308.1.1 Addition to Existing System. 1308.2 Provision for Location of Point of Delivery. 1308.3 Interconnections Between Gas Piping Systems. |
| 286 | 1308.3.1 Interconnections for Standby Fuels. 1308.4 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems. 1308.4.1 Maximum Gas Demand. 1308.4.2 Sizing Methods. 1308.4.3 Allowable Pressure Drop. 1308.5 Acceptable Piping Materials and Joining Methods. 1308.5.1 Materials. 1308.5.1.1 Other Materials. 1308.5.2 Metallic Pipe. 1308.5.2.1 Steel and Wrought-Iron. 1308.5.2.2 Copper and Copper Alloy. TABLE Table 1308.4.1 Approximate Gas Input for Typical Appliances [NFPA 54:Table A.5.4.2.1] |
| 287 | 1308.5.2.3 Aluminum Alloy. 1308.5.3 Metallic Tubing. 1308.5.3.1 Steel. 1308.5.3.2 Copper and Copper Alloy. 1308.5.3.3 Aluminum Alloy. 1308.5.3.4 Corrugated Stainless Steel. 1308.5.4 Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings. 1308.5.4.1 Regulator Vent Piping. 1308.5.4.2 Anodeless Risers. 1308.5.4.2.1 Factory-Assembled Anodeless Risers. 1308.5.4.2.2 Service Head Adapters and Field-Assembled Anodeless Risers. 1308.5.4.2.3 Undiluted Liquefied Petroleum Gas Piping. 1308.5.5 Workmanship and Defects. 1308.5.6 Protective Coating. 1308.5.7 Metallic Pipe Threads. 1308.5.7.1 Damaged Threads. 1308.5.7.2 Number of Threads. Table 1308.5.7.2 Specifications for Threading Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54:Table 5.6.7.3] |
| 288 | 1308.5.7.3 Thread Joint Compounds. 1308.5.8 Metallic Piping Joints and Fittings. 1308.5.8.1 Pipe Joints. 1308.5.8.2 Tubing Joints. 1308.5.8.3 Flared Joints. 1308.5.8.4 Metallic Pipe Fittings (Including Valves, Strainers, Filters). 1308.5.9 Plastic Piping, Joints, and Fittings. 1308.5.9.1 Joint Design. 1308.5.9.2 Heat-Fusion Joint. 1308.5.9.3 Compression-Type Mechanical Joints. |
| 289 | 1308.5.9.4 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Piping Systems. 1308.5.10 Flange Specification. 1308.5.10.1 Steel Flanges. 1308.5.10.2 Non-Ferrous Flanges. 1308.5.10.3 Ductile Iron Flanges. 1308.5.10.4 Dissimilar Flange Connections. 1308.5.10.5 Flange Facings. 1308.5.10.6 Lapped Flanges. 1308.5.11 Flange Gaskets. 1308.5.11.1 Flange Gasket Materials. 1308.5.11.2 Metallic Flange Gaskets. 1308.5.11.3 Non-Metallic Flange Gaskets. 1308.5.11.4 Full-Face Flange Gasket. 1308.5.11.5 Separated Flanges. 1308.6 Gas Meters. 1308.6.1 Location. 1308.6.1.1 Subject to Damage. 1308.6.1.2 Extreme Temperatures. 1308.6.2 Supports. 1308.6.3 Meter Protection. 1308.6.4 Identification. 1308.7 Gas Pressure Regulators. 1308.7.1 Listing. 1308.7.2 Location. 1308.7.3 Regulator Protection. 1308.7.4 Venting of Line Pressure Regulators. |
| 290 | 1308.7.5 Venting of Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators. 1308.7.6 Discharge of Vents. 1308.7.7 Bypass Piping. 1308.7.8 Identification. 1308.8 Overpressure Protection. 1308.9 Pressure Limitation Requirements. 1308.9.1 Overpressure Protection Required. 1308.9.2 Overpressure Protection Devices. 1308.9.3 Detection of Failure. 1308.9.4 Flow Capacity. 1308.10 Backpressure Protection. |
| 291 | 1308.10.1 Protective Devices. 1308.11 Low-Pressure Protection. 1308.12 Shutoff Valves. 1308.13 Expansion and Flexibility. 1308.13.1 Special Local Conditions. 1309.0 Excess Flow Valve. 1309.1 General. 1310.0 Gas Piping Installation. 1310.1 Piping Underground. 1310.1.1 Cover Requirements. 1310.1.2 Trenches. 1310.1.2.1 Backfilling. 1310.1.3 Protection Against Corrosion. 1310.1.3.1 Zinc Coating. 1310.1.3.2 Underground Piping. 1310.1.3.3 Cathodic Protection. 1310.1.3.4 Sacrificial Anodes. |
| 292 | 1310.1.3.5 System Failing Tests. 1310.1.3.6 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection. 1310.1.3.7 Documentation. 1310.1.3.8 Dissimilar Metals. 1310.1.3.9 Steel Risers. 1310.1.4 Protection Against Freezing. 1310.1.5 Piping through Foundation Wall. 1310.1.6 Piping Underground Beneath Buildings. 1310.1.6.1 Conduit with One End Terminating Outdoors. 1310.1.6.2 Conduit with Both Ends Terminating Indoors. 1310.1.7 Plastic Piping. 1310.1.7.1 Connections Between Metallic and Plastic Piping. 1310.1.7.2 Tracer Wire. 1310.2 Installation of Piping. |
| 293 | 1310.2.1 Building Structure. 1310.2.2 Gas Piping to be Sloped. 1310.2.2.1 Ceiling Locations. 1310.2.3 Prohibited Locations. 1310.2.4 Hangers, Supports, and Anchors. 1310.2.4.1 Spacing. 1310.2.4.2 Expansion and Contraction. 1310.2.4.3 Piping on Roof Tops. 1310.2.5 Removal of Piping. 1310.3 Concealed Piping in Buildings. 1310.3.1 Connections. 1310.3.2 Piping in Partitions. 1310.3.3 Tubing in Partitions. 1310.3.4 Piping in Floors. Table 1310.2.4.1 Support of Piping [NFPA 54: Table 7.2.5.2] |
| 294 | 1310.4 Piping in Vertical Chases. 1310.4.1 Pressure Reduction. 1310.4.2 Construction. 1310.4.3 Ventilation. 1310.5 Maximum Design Operating Pressure. 1310.5.1 LP-Gas Systems. 1310.6 Appliance Overpressure Protection. 1310.7 Gas Pipe Turns. 1310.7.1 Metallic Pipe. 1310.7.2 Plastic Pipe. |
| 295 | 1310.7.3 Elbows. 1310.8 Drips and Sediment Traps. 1310.8.1 Location of Drips. 1310.8.2 Sediment Traps. 1310.9 Outlets. 1310.9.1 Cap Outlets. 1310.9.1.1 Appliance Shutoff Valves. 1310.10 Branch Pipe Connection. 1310.11 Manual Gas Shutoff Valves. 1310.11.1 Valves Controlling Multiple Systems. 1310.11.1.1 Shutoff Valves for Multiple House Lines. 1310.11.2 Emergency Shutoff Valves. 1310.11.3 Shutoff Valve for Laboratories. 1310.12 Prohibited Devices. |
| 296 | 1310.13 Systems Containing Gas-Air Mixtures Outside the Flammable Range. 1310.14 Systems Containing Flammable Gas-Air Mixtures. 1310.14.1 Required Components. 1310.14.2 Optional Components. 1310.14.3 Additional Requirements. 1310.14.4 Special Requirements for Mixing Blowers. 1310.14.5 Installation of Gas-Mixing Machines. 1310.14.6 Use of Automatic Firechecks, Safety Blowouts, or Backfire Preventers. |
| 297 | 1311.0 Electrical Bonding and Grounding. 1311.1 Pipe and Tubing Other than CSST. 1311.2 Bonding of CSST Gas Piping. 1311.2.1 Bonding Jumper Connection. 1311.2.2 Bonding Jumper Size. 1311.2.3 Bonding Jumper Length. 1311.2.4 Bonding Connections. 1311.2.5 Devices Used for Bonding. 1311.3 Grounding Conductor of Electrode. 1311.4 Lightning Protection System. 1311.5 Electrical Circuits. 1311.6 Electrical Connections. 1311.6.1 Safety Control. 1312.0 Appliance Connections to Building Piping. 1312.1 Connecting Appliances and Equipment. 1312.1.1 Commercial Cooking Appliances. 1312.1.2 Restraining Device. 1312.2 Suspended Low-Intensity Infrared Tube Heaters. |
| 298 | 1312.3 Use of Gas Hose Connectors. 1312.3.1 Indoor. 1312.3.2 Outdoor. 1312.4 Injection (Bunsen) Burners. 1312.5 Connection of Portable and Mobile Industrial Appliances. 1312.5.1 Swivel Joints or Couplings. 1312.5.2 Metal Flexible Connectors. 1312.5.3 Flexible Connectors. 1312.6 Appliance Shutoff Valves and Connections. 1312.7 Quick-Disconnect Devices. 1312.8 Gas Convenience Outlets. 1312.9 Sediment Trap. |
| 299 | 1312.10 Installation of Piping. 1312.11 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Facilities and Piping. 1313.0 Pressure Testing and Inspection. 1313.1 Piping Installations. 1313.1.1 Inspection Requirements. 1313.1.2 Repairs and Additions. 1313.1.3 New Branches. 1313.1.4 Piping System. 1313.1.5 Regulators and Valves. 1313.1.6 Test Medium. 1313.2 Test Preparation. 1313.2.1 Pipe Joints. 1313.2.2 Expansion Joints. 1313.2.3 Appliances and Equipment. 1313.2.4 Designed for (less than) Operating Pressures. 1313.2.5 Designed for (equal to or more than) Operating Pressures. 1313.2.6 Safety. 1313.3 Test Pressure. FIGURE Figure 1312.9 Method of Installing a Tee Fitting Sediment Trap [NFPA 54: Figure 9.6.8] |
| 300 | 1313.4 Detection of Leaks and Defects. 1313.4.1 Detecting Leaks. 1313.4.2 Repair or Replace. 1313.5 Piping System Leak Test. 1313.5.1 Turning Gas On. 1313.5.2 Leak Check. 1313.5.3 Placing Appliances and Equipment in Operation. 1313.6 Purging Requirements. 1313.6.1 Piping Systems Required to be Purged Outdoors. 1313.6.1.1 Removal from Service. 1313.6.1.2 Placing in Operation. 1313.6.1.3 Outdoor Discharge of PurgedGases. Table 1313.6.1 Size and Length of Piping [NFPA 54: Table 8.3.1]* |
| 301 | 1313.6.1.4 Combustible Gas Indicator. 1313.6.2 Piping Systems Allowed to be Purged Indoors or Outdoors. 1313.6.2.1 Purging Procedure. 1313.6.2.2 Combustible Gas Detector. 1313.6.3 Purging Appliances and Equipment. 1314.0 Required Gas Supply. 1314.1 General. 1314.2 Volume. 1314.3 Gas Appliances. 1314.4 Size of Piping Outlets. 1315.0 Required Gas Piping Size. 1315.1 Pipe Sizing Methods. 1315.1.1 Longest Length Method. 1315.1.2 Branch Length Method. |
| 302 | 1315.1.3 Hybrid Pressure. 1315.2 Tables for Sizing Gas Piping Systems. 1315.3 Sizing Equations. 1315.4 Sizing of Piping Sections. 1315.5 Engineering Methods. 1315.6 Variable Gas Pressures. Table 1315.3 Cr and Y for Natural Gas and Undiluted Propane at Standard Conditions [NFPA 54:Table 6.4.2] |
| 303 | Figure 1315.1.1 Example Illustrating Use of Table 1308.4.1 and Table 1315.2(1) |
| 304 | Table 1315.2(1) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(b)] |
| 305 | Table 1315.2(2) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(c)] |
| 306 | Table 1315.2(3) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(d)]* |
| 307 | Table 1315.2(4) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(e)]* |
| 308 | Table 1315.2(5) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(f)]* |
| 309 | Table 1315.2(6) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(g)]* |
| 310 | Table 1315.2(7) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(h)] |
| 311 | Table 1315.2(8) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(i)] |
| 312 | TABLE 1315.2(9) SEMI-RIGID COPPER TUBING [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(j)] |
| 313 | Table 1315.2(10) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(k)] |
| 314 | Table 1315.2(11) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(l)] |
| 315 | Table 1315.2(12) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(m)] |
| 316 | Table 1315.2(13) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(n)] |
| 317 | Table 1315.2(14) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(o)] |
| 318 | Table 1315.2(15) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(p)] |
| 319 | Table 1315.2(16) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(q)] |
| 320 | Table 1315.2(17) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(r)] |
| 321 | Table 1315.2(18) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(s)] |
| 322 | Table 1315.2(19) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(t)] |
| 323 | Table 1315.2(20) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(u)] |
| 324 | Table 1315.2(21) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(v)] |
| 325 | Table 1315.2(22) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(w)] Table 1315.2(23) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2(x)] |
| 326 | Table 1315.2(24) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(a)] |
| 327 | Table 1315.2(25) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(b)] |
| 328 | Table 1315.2(26) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(c)] |
| 329 | Table 1315.2(27) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(d)] |
| 330 | Table 1315.2(28) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(e)] |
| 331 | Table 1315.2(29) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(f)] |
| 332 | Table 1315.2(30) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(g)] |
| 333 | Table 1315.2(31) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(h)] |
| 334 | Table 1315.2(32) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(i)] |
| 335 | Table 1315.2(33) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(j)] |
| 336 | Table 1315.2(34) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(k)] |
| 337 | Table 1315.2(35) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(l)] |
| 338 | Table 1315.2(36) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.3(m)] |
| 340 | Chapter 14 Process Piping |
| 342 | 1401.0 General. 1401.1 Applicability. 1402.0 Permit. 1402.1 General. 1403.0 Plans Required. 1403.1 General. 1404.0 Workmanship. 1404.1 General. 1405.0 Inspections. 1405.1 General. 1405.2 Required Inspections. 1405.2.1 Rough Piping Inspection. 1405.2.2 Final Piping Inspection. 1405.3 Other Inspections. 1406.0 Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings. 1406.1 General. 1406.2 Hazardous Process Piping (HPP). 1406.2.1 Installation in Exit Corridors and Above Other Occupancies. |
| 343 | 1406.2.1.1 Automatic Sprinklers. 1406.2.1.2 Ventilation. 1406.2.1.3 Receptor. 1406.2.1.4 Separation. 1406.2.1.5 Emergency Shutoff Valves. 1406.2.1.6 Electrical Wiring. 1406.3 Special Requirements for HPP Gases. 1406.3.1 Special Provisions. 1406.3.2 Piping and Tubing Installation. 1406.3.3 Gas-Detection System. |
| 344 | Chapter 15 Solar Energy Systems |
| 346 | 1501.0 General. 1501.1 Applicability. 1502.0 General. |
| 348 | Chapter 16 Stationary Power Plants |
| 350 | 1601.0 Stationary Fuel Cell Power Plants. 1601.1 General. 1602.0 Stationary Gas Engines and Generators. 1602.1 General. 1602.2 Connection to the Gas Supply Piping. 1602.3 Stationary Engine Generators. |
| 352 | Chapter 17 Referenced Standards |
| 354 | 1701.0 General. 1701.1 Standards. TABLE Table 1701.1 Referenced Standards |
| 365 | 1701.2 Standards, Publications, Practices, and Guides. Table 1701.2 Standards, Publications, Practices, and Guides. |
| 369 | Abbreviations in Table 1701.1 and Table 1701.2 |
| 370 | Appendices Table of Contents |
| 372 | Appendix A – Residential Plan Examiner Review Form for HVAC System Design |
| 374 | Appendix B – Procedures to be Followed to Place Gas Equipment in Operation |
| 376 | B 101.0 Adjusting the Burner Input. B 101.1 Adjusting Input. B 101.2 High Altitude. B 102.0 Primary Air Adjustment. B 102.1 General. B 103.0 Safety Shutoff Devices. B 103.1 General. B 104.0 Automatic Ignition. B 104.1 General. B 105.0 Protective Devices. B 105.1 General. B 106.0 Checking the Draft. B 106.1 General. B 107.0 Operating Instructions. B 107.1 General. |
| 378 | Appendix C Installation and Testing of Oil (Liquid) Fuel-Fired Equipment |
| 380 | C 101.0 General. C 101.1 Applicability. C 102.0 Definitions. |
| 381 | C 103.0 Standards and Accepted Practices. C 103.1 General. C 104.0 Approval of Equipment. C 104.1 General. C 105.0 Placing Equipment in Operation. C 105.1 General. C 106.0 Pilot Operation. C 106.1 General. C 107.0 Burner Operation. C 107.1 General. C 108.0 Method of Test. C 108.1 General Test Methods. |
| 383 | C 109.0 Special Requirements Based on Btu/h Input. C 109.1 General. |
| 386 | Appendix D Fuel Supply: Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational Vehicle Parks |
| 388 | Appendix E Sustainable Practices |
| 390 | Appendix F Sizing of Venting Systems and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design |
| 392 | Appendix G Example Calculation of Outdoor Air Rate |
| 394 | Index – A – |
| 396 | – B – – C – |
| 398 | – D – |
| 400 | – E – – F – |
| 402 | – G – – H – |
| 403 | – I – |
| 404 | – J – – K – – L – |
| 405 | – M – – N – – O – |
| 406 | – P – |
| 407 | – R – |
| 408 | – S – |
| 409 | – T – – U – – V – |
| 411 | – W – |
| 412 | History Note Appendix |
