The 2021 edition of the Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC®) represents the most current approaches in the mechanical field. It is the seventh edition developed under the ANSI Consensus process is designated as an American National Standards by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Furthermore, it addresses specific provisions for low flammability refrigerants such as A2L and B2L; which makes it one of the first codes in the industry to address specific provisions for these low Global Warming Potential (GWP) refrigerants. Contributions to the content of this code were made by every segment of the built industry, including such diverse interests as consumers, enforcing authorities, installers/maintainers, labor, manufacturers, research/standards/ testing laboratories, special experts and users. The UMC provides complete requirements for the installation and maintenance of heating, ventilating, cooling and refrigeration systems, while at the same time allowing latitude for innovations and new technologies. Key changes to the 2021 UMC include: New Appendix F – Geothermal Energy Systems New guards and rails requirements for installation of equipment and appliances on roofs New ventilation requirements for transient and nontransient occupancies New ventilation requirements for indoor air quality for residential occupancies Revisions to the requirements for air ducts, including factory-made air ducts and dampers New provisions for factory-built grease ducts New provisions for refrigeration systems, including pressure-limiting devices and hydrostatic expansion Revisions to the sizing requirements for natural gas and propane piping systems Modifications to the pressure rating requirements for hydronic piping applications New requirements for fuel gas piping appliance shutoff valves, test pressure, and overpressure protection devices New tube fastener provisions for radiant heating and cooling New requirements for residential compressed natural gas (CNG) fueling systems New fire-extinguishing equipment and carbon monoxide detection requirements for exhaust systems

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
2	Preface
4	Important Notices and Disclaimers Updating IAPMO Codes
5	Foreword
7	Format of the Uniform Mechanical Code
12	Sample Legislation for Adoption of the Uniform Mechanical Code
13	Committee on Uniform Mechanical Code
14	Section Relocation
16	Table of Contents Chapter 1 – Administration Chapter 2 – Definitions Chapter 3 – General Regulations
17	Chapter 4 – Ventilation Air
18	Chapter 5 – Exhaust Systems Part I – Environmental Air Ducts and Product-Conveying Systems Part II – Commercial Hoods and Kitchen Ventilation
20	Chapter 6 – Duct Systems Chapter 7 – Combustion Air
21	Chapter 8 – Chimneys and Vents Chapter 9 – Installation of Specific Appliances
24	Chapter 10 – Boilers and Pressure Vessels
25	Chapter 11 – Refrigeration Part I – Refrigeration Systems
26	Part II – Cooling Towers
27	Chapter 12 – Hydronics
28	Chapter 13 – Fuel Gas Piping
30	Chapter 14 – Process Piping Chapter 15 – Solar Energy Systems Chapter 16 – Stationary Power Plants
31	Chapter 17 – Referenced Standards Appendices Table of Contents Appendix A – Residential Plans Examiner Review Form for HVAC System Design Appendix B -Procedures to be Followed to Place Gas Equipment in Operation Appendix C – Installation and Testing of Oil (Liquid) Fuel-Fired Equipment Appendix D – Fuel Supply: Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational Vehicle Parks Appendix E – Sustainable Practices Appendix F – Geothermal Energy Systems Appendix G – Sizing of Venting Systems and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design Appendix H – Example Calculation of Outdoor Air Rate Useful Tables Index
32	Chapter 1 Administration 101.0 General. 101.1 Title. 101.2 Scope. 101.3 Purpose. 101.4 Unconstitutional. 101.5 Validity. 102.0 Applicability. 102.1 Conflicts Between Codes. 102.2 Existing Installations. 102.3 Maintenance. 102.3.1 Commercial HVAC Systems. 102.3.2 Residential HVAC Systems. 102.4 Additions, Alterations, Renovations, orRepairs. 102.5 Health and Safety. 102.6 Changes in Building Occupancy. 102.7 Moved Structures. 102.8 Appendices.
33	103.0 Duties and Powers of the Authority HavingJurisdiction. 103.1 General. 103.2 Liability. 103.3 Applications and Permits. 103.3.1 Licensing. 103.4 Right of Entry. 104.0 Permits. 104.1 Permits Required. 104.2 Exempt Work. 104.3 Application for Permit.
34	104.3.1 Construction Documents. 104.3.2 Plan Review Fees. 104.3.3 Time Limitation of Application. 104.4 Permit Issuance. 104.4.1 Approved Plans or Construction Documents. 104.4.2 Validity of Permit. 104.4.3 Expiration.
35	104.4.4 Extension. 104.4.5 Suspension or Revocation. 104.4.6 Retention of Plans. 104.5 Fees. 104.5.1 Work Commencing Before PermitIssuance. 104.5.2 Investigation Fees. 104.5.3 Fee Refunds. 105.0 Inspections and Testing. 105.1 General. 105.2 Required Inspections. 105.2.1 Uncovering. 105.2.2 Other Inspections. 105.2.3 Inspection Requests.
36	105.2.4 Advance Notice. 105.2.5 Responsibility. 105.2.6 Reinspections. 105.3 Testing of Systems. 105.3.1 Defective Systems. 105.3.2 Retesting. 105.3.3 Approval. 105.4 Connection to Service Utilities. 106.0 Violations and Penalties. 106.1 General. 106.2 Notices of Correction or Violation. 106.3 Penalties. 106.4 Stop Orders.
37	106.5 Authority to Disconnect Utilities in Emergencies. 106.6 Authority to Condemn. 107.0 Board of Appeals. 107.1 General. 107.2 Limitations of Authority.
38	Table Table 104.5 Mechanical Permit Fees
40	Chapter 2 Definitions 203.0 – A –
41	204.0 – B – 205.0 – C –
43	206.0 – D –
44	207.0 – E – 208.0 – F –
45	209.0 – G –
46	210.0 – H –
47	211.0 – I – 212.0 – J – 213.0 – K – 214.0 – L –
48	215.0 – M – 216.0 – N – 217.0 – O –
49	218.0 – P –
50	219.0 – Q – 220.0 – R –
51	221.0 – S –
52	222.0 – T – 223.0 – U – 224.0 – V –
53	225.0 – W – 226.0 – X – 227.0 – Y – 228.0 – Z –
54	Chapter 3 General Regulations 301.0 General. 301.1 Applicability. 301.2 Approval. 301.3 Design of Equipment. 301.4 Electrical Connections. 301.5 Oil-Burning Appliances. 301.6 Personnel Protection. 302.0 Materials – Standards and Alternates. 302.1 Minimum Standards. 302.1.1 Marking. 302.1.2 Standards. 302.1.3 Existing Buildings. 302.2 Alternate Materials and Methods of ConstructionEquivalency.
55	302.2.1 Testing. 302.2.1.1 Tests. 302.2.1.2 Request by the Authority HavingJurisdiction. 302.3 Alternative Engineered Design. 302.3.1 Permit Application. 302.3.2 Technical Data. 302.3.3 Design Documents. 302.3.4 Design Approval. 302.3.5 Design Review. 302.3.6 Inspection and Testing. 303.0 Installation. 303.1 Listed Appliances. 303.2 Closet or Alcove Installations. 303.3 Unlisted Appliances. 303.4 Anchorage of Appliances.
56	303.5 Movement. 303.6 Identification of Equipment. 303.7 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Facilities. 303.8 Appliances on Roofs. 303.8.1 Load Capacity. 303.8.2 Fasteners. 303.8.3 Installation of Appliances on Roofs. 303.8.4 Edge of Roof Clearance. 303.8.4.1 Guards and Rails. 303.8.5 Electrical Power. 303.8.6 Platform or Walkway. 303.9 Avoiding Strain on Gas Piping. 303.10 Clearances. 303.10.1 Clearance Reduction. 303.10.1.1 Type I Hood Exhaust System. 303.10.1.2 Product Conveying Ducts. 303.10.1.3 Solid-Fuel Burning Appliances.
57	303.11 Installation in Commercial Garages. 303.11.1 Repair Garages. 303.12 Installation in Aircraft Hangars. 304.0 Accessibility for Service. 304.1 General. 304.2 Sloped Roof. 304.3 Access to Appliances on Roofs. 304.3.1 Access. 304.3.1.1 Access Type. 304.3.1.2 Permanent Ladders. 304.3.2 Permanent Lighting. 304.4 Appliances in Attics and Under-Floor Spaces. 304.4.1 Length of Passageway. 304.4.2 Width of Passageway. 304.4.3 Work Platform. 304.4.4 Lighting and Convenience Outlet. 305.0 Location. 305.1 Installation in Residential Garages.
58	305.1.1 Physical Damage. 305.1.2 Access from the Outside. 305.1.3 Cellulose Nitrate Plastic Storage. 305.2 Pit Location. 305.3 Flood Hazard Areas. 305.3.1 Coastal High Hazard Areas. 305.3.2 Air Exhaust and Intake Openings. 305.4 Elevator Shaft. 305.5 Drainage Pan. 306.0 Automatic Control Devices. 306.1 General. 307.0 Labeling. 307.1 Fuel-Burning Appliances.
59	307.2 Electric Heating Appliances. 307.3 Heat Pump and Electric Cooling Appliances. 307.4 Absorption Units. 308.0 Improper Location. 308.1 General. 309.0 Workmanship. 309.1 Engineering Practices. 309.2 Concealing Imperfections. 309.3 Installation Practices. 310.0 Condensate Wastes and Control. 310.1 Condensate Disposal. 310.1.1 Condensate Pumps. 310.2 Condensate Control.
60	310.2.1 Protection of Appurtenances. 310.3 Condensate Waste Pipe Material and Sizing. 310.3.1 Cleanouts. 310.4 Appliance Condensate Drains. 310.5 Point of Discharge. 310.6 Condensate Waste From Air-ConditioningCoils. 310.7 Plastic Fittings. 311.0 Heating or Cooling Air System. 311.1 Source. 311.2 Air Filters. 311.3 Prohibited Source. Table 310.3 Minimum Condensate Pipe Size
61	311.4 Return-Air Limitations. 312.0 Plumbing Connections. 312.1 General. 313.0 Hangers and Supports. 313.1 General. 313.2 Material. 313.3 Suspended Piping. 313.4 Alignment. 313.5 Underground Installation. 313.6 Hanger Rod Sizes. 313.7 Gas Piping. 314.0 Balancing. 314.1 General. 315.0 Louvers in Hurricane Prone Regions. 315.1 General. 315.1.1 Testing. 315.1.2 Impact Resistance Test. Table 313.6 Hanger Rod Sizes
62	316.0 Protection of Piping, Tubing, Materials, andStructures. 316.1 General. 316.2 Installation. 316.3 Corrosion, Erosion, and Mechanical Damage. 316.4 Protectively Coated Pipe. 316.5 Fire-Resistant Construction. 316.6 Steel Nail Plates. 316.7 Sleeves. 316.7.1 Building Loads. 316.7.2 Exterior Walls. 316.8 Firewalls. 316.9 Structural Members. 316.10 Rodentproofing. 316.11 Metal Collars. 317.0 Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill. 317.1 Trenches. 317.2 Tunneling and Driving. 317.3 Open Trenches. 317.4 Excavations. Tables
63	Table 303.10.1 Reduction of Clearances with Specified Forms of Protection [NFPA 54: Table 10.2.3]
64	Figures Figure 303.10.1(1) Extent of Protection Necessary to Reduce Clearances From Gas Appliance or Vent Connectors [NFPA 54: FIGURE 10.3.2.3(a)] Figure 303.10.1(2) Wall Protector Clearance Reduction System [NFPA 54: FIGURE 10.3.2.3(b)] Figure 303.10.1(3) Masonry Clearance Reduction System [NFPA 54: FIGURE 10.3.2.3(c)]
65	Table 313.3 Hangers and Supports
66	Chapter 4 Ventilation Air 401.0 General. 401.1 Applicability. 402.0 Ventilation Air. 402.1 Occupiable Spaces. 402.1.1 Construction Documents. 402.1.2 Ventilation in Health Care Facilities. 402.2 Natural Ventilation. 402.2.1 Floor Area to Be Ventilated. 402.2.1.1 Single Side Opening. 402.2.1.2 Double Side Opening. 402.2.1.3 Corner Openings. 402.2.1.4 Ceiling Height. 402.2.2 Location and Size of Openings. 402.2.3 Control and Accessibility. 402.3 Mechanical Ventilation.
67	402.4 Outdoor Air Intake Protection. 402.4.1 Weather Protections. 403.0 Ventilation Rates. 403.1 General. 403.2 Zone Calculations. 403.2.1 Breathing Zone Outdoor Airflow. 403.2.2 Zone Air Distribution Effectiveness. 403.2.3 Zone Outdoor Airflow. 403.3 Single-Zone Systems. 403.4 One Hundred Percent Outdoor Air Systems. 403.5 Multiple-Zone Recirculating Systems. 403.5.1 Uncorrected Outdoor Air Intake. 403.5.1.1 Occupant Diversity. 403.5.1.2 System Ventilation Efficiency. 403.5.1.3 Simplified Procedure for SystemVentilation Efficiency.
68	403.5.1.4 Zone Minimum Primary Airflow. 403.5.2 Outdoor Air Intake. 403.6 Design for Varying Operating Conditions. 403.6.1 Short-Term Conditions. 403.7 Exhaust Ventilation. 403.7.1 Parking Garages. 403.7.2 Enclosed Parking Garages. 403.8 Dynamic Reset. 403.9 Air Classification and Recirculation. 403.9.1 Class 1 Air. 403.9.2 Class 2 Air.
69	403.9.3 Class 3 Air. 403.9.4 Class 4 Air. 404.0 Alternative Procedure for Multiple-Zone Systems Ventilation Efficiency. 404.1 General. 404.2 Average Outdoor Air Fraction. 404.3 Zone Ventilation Efficiency. 404.3.1 Single Supply Systems. 404.3.2 Secondary-Recirculation Systems.
70	405.0 Indoor Air Quality for Residential Occupancies. 405.1 General. 405.1.1 Natural Ventilation. 405.2 Ventilation Air Rate. 405.2.1 Reduced Ventilation Air Rate. 405.3 Bathroom Exhaust. 405.3.1 Exhaust Rate. 405.4 Kitchen Exhaust. 405.4.1 Exhaust Rate. 405.5 Ventilation Openings.
71	Tables Table 402.1 Minimum Ventilation Rates in Breathing Zone [ASHRAE 62.1: TABLE 6.2.2.1]
73	Table 403.2.2 Zone Air Distribution Effectiveness [ASHRAE 62.1: TABLE 6.2.2.2]
74	Table 403.7 Minimum Exhaust Rates [ASHRAE 62.1: TABLE 6.5]
76	Chapter 5 Exhaust Systems 501.0 General. 501.1 Applicability. 502.0 Termination. 502.1 Exhaust Opening Protection. 502.2 Termination of Exhaust Ducts. 502.2.1 Environmental Air Ducts. 502.2.2 Product Conveying Ducts. 502.2.3 Commercial Kitchen Ducts. Part I – Environmental Air Ducts and Product-Conveying Systems. 503.0 Motors, Fans, and Filters. 503.1 General. 503.2 Fans. 504.0 Environmental Air Ducts. 504.1 General. 504.1.1 Backdraft Protection.
77	504.2 Independent Exhaust Systems. 504.3 Domestic Range. 504.4 Clothes Dryers. 504.4.1 Provisions for Makeup Air. 504.4.2 Domestic Clothes Dryers. 504.4.2.1 Length Limitation. 504.4.2.2 Transition Ducts. 504.4.2.3 Exhaust Duct Power Ventilators. 504.4.3 Commercial Clothes Dryers. 504.4.3.1 Exhaust Ducts for Type 2 Clothes Dryers.
78	504.4.4 Common Exhaust. 504.4.5 Duct Supports. 504.5 Heat (Energy) Recovery Ventilators. 504.6 Gypsum Wallboard Ducts. 505.0 Product-Conveying Systems. 505.1 General. 505.1.1 Mechanical Ventilation. 505.2 Incompatible Materials. 505.3 Flammability Limit. 505.3.1 Higher Concentrations. 505.3.2 Ovens and Furnaces. 505.3.3 Deflagration. 505.4 Air-Moving Devices. 505.5 Generating Flames, Sparks, or Hot Materials. 505.6 Fire Dampers.
79	505.6.1 Prohibited. 505.7 Fire Detection and Alarm Systems. 505.7.1 Automatic Extinguishing System. 505.7.2 Shut Down Permitted. 505.8 Product-Conveying Ducts Classification. 505.9 Minimum Velocities and Circulation. 505.10 Makeup Air. 505.11 Hoods and Enclosures. Table TABLE 505.9 Range of Minimum Duct Design Velocities {NFPA 91: TABLE A.4.2.5}
80	506.0 Product-Conveying Ducts. 506.1 Materials. 506.2 Construction. 506.3 Penetrations. 506.3.1 Fire Barriers. 506.3.2 Protection. 506.4 Condensate. 506.4.1 Drainage. 506.5 Fittings.
81	Table 506.2(1) Minimum Sheet Metal Thickness for Round Ducts
82	506.6 Explosion Venting. 506.7 Supports. 506.8 Fire Protection. 506.8.1 Loads.
83	506.8.2 Corrosion. 506.8.3 Vibration and Stress. 506.8.4 Expansion and Contraction. 506.9 Protection from Physical Damage. 506.10 Duct Clearances. 506.10.1 Protection Provided. 506.10.2 Systems Conveying Combustible Materials. Table 506.2(2) Minimum Sheet Metal Thickness for Rectangular Ducts
84	506.10.3 Reduced Clearance Permitted. 506.10.4 Clearance Increases. 506.10.4.1 Temperatures Over 900°F. 506.10.4.2 Clearance Reduction. 506.11 Clearance Reduction Methods. 506.11.1 Spacers and Ties. 506.11.2 Wool Batts Insulation. 506.11.3 Insulation Board. 506.11.4 Duct and Thermal Shield. 506.11.5 Thermal Shield and Combustible Surface. 506.11.6 Reduced Clearance with Air Gaps. 506.11.6.1 Air Circulation. 506.11.6.2 Single Flat Wall. 506.11.6.3 Thermal Shielding. Part II – Commercial Hoods and Kitchen Ventilation. 507.0 General Requirements. 507.1 Type I Hood Exhaust System. 507.2 Exhaust System. Table 506.10.4 Basic Minimum Clearances to Unprotected Surfaces [NFPA 91: Table 4.7.3]
85	507.2.1 Airflow. 507.2.2 Responsibility. 507.2.3 Solid-fuel Cooking Equipment. 507.2.4 Multitenant Applications. 507.2.5 Interior Surfaces. 507.2.6 Used in Other Applications. 507.3 Listed Devices. 507.3.1 Penetration. 507.4 Clearance. Table 506.11 Reduction of Duct Clearance with Specified Forms of Protection [NFPA 91: Table 4.7.4]
86	507.4.1 Listed. 507.4.2 Clearance Reduction. 507.4.2.1 Mineral Wool Batts or Ceramic Fiber Blanket. 507.4.2.2 Field-Applied Grease Duct Enclosure. 507.4.2.3 Zero Clearance. 507.4.3 Clearance Integrity. 507.4.3.1 Fire. 507.4.3.2 Required Protection. 507.4.3.3 Protection Methods. 507.4.4 Factory Built. 507.4.4.1 Listing. 507.4.4.2 Single Wall. 507.4.4.3 Installation. 507.4.5 Field Applied. 507.4.6 Both Field-Applied and Factory Built. 507.4.6.1 Physical Damage. 507.4.6.2 Specification.
87	507.4.6.3 Clearance Options. 507.4.7 Building and Structural Contact. 507.4.7.1 Corrosion Protection. 507.4.7.2 Zero Clearance. 507.4.8 Clearance Between Duct and InteriorSurfaces. 507.5 Drawings. 507.6 Notification of Change. 508.0 Type I Hoods. 508.1 Where Required. 508.2 Listed Type I Hood Assemblies. 508.2.1 Listed Ultraviolet Hoods. 508.2.2 Listed Ventilated Ceiling Technology. 508.2.3 Construction of Listed Exhaust Hoods. 508.2.4 Assembly of Listed Exhaust Hoods. 508.3 Construction of Type I Hoods. 508.3.1 Grease Vapor. 508.3.2 Seams, Joints, and Penetrations.
88	508.3.2.1 Sealed. 508.3.3 Eyebrow-Type Hoods. 508.3.3.1 Duct Connection. 508.3.4 Insulation. 508.3.5 Exhaust Hood Assemblies with Integrated Supply-Air Plenums. 508.3.5.1 Outer Shell. 508.3.5.2 Inner Shell. 508.3.5.3 Fire Dampers. 508.3.5.3.1 Listing. 508.3.5.3.2 Actuating Temperature. 508.3.5.3.3 Exemption. 508.4 Supports. 508.5 Hood Size. 508.5.1 Canopy Size and Location. 508.5.1.1 Capacity of Hoods. Figures Figure 508.3.3 Typical Section of Eyebrow-Type Hood [NFPA 96: Figure 5.1.8.1]
89	508.5.1.2 Extra-Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliances. 508.5.1.3 Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliances. 508.5.1.4 Medium-Duty Cooking Appliances. 508.5.1.5 Light-Duty Cooking Appliances. 508.5.2 Noncanopy-Type Hoods. Table 508.5.1.2 Extra-Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow Table 508.5.1.3 Heavy-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow Table 508.5.1.4 Medium-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow Table 508.5.1.5 Light-Duty Cooking Appliance Airflow
90	508.5.2.1 Installation. 508.5.2.2 Capacity. 508.5.3 Labeling. 508.6 Solid-Fuel Hood Assemblies. 508.7 Exhaust Outlets. 509.0 Grease Removal Devices in Hoods. 509.1 Grease Removal Devices. 509.1.1 Grease Filters, Mesh-Type. 509.2 Installation. 509.2.1 Vertical Distance. 509.2.2 Grease Removal Device Protection. 509.2.2.1 Installation. 509.2.2.2 Size and Location. 509.2.2.3 Clearance. 509.2.3 Grease Filters. 509.2.3.1 Arrangement. 509.2.3.2 Accessibility. 509.2.3.3 Angled Installation. 509.2.4 Grease Drip Trays. 509.2.4.1 Size and Pitch. 509.2.5 Grease Filter Orientation.
91	509.3 Solid-Fuel Grease Removal Devices. 510.0 Exhaust Duct Systems. 510.1 General. 510.1.1 Fire Hazards. 510.1.2 Interconnection. 510.1.3 Duct Installation. 510.1.4 Accessibility. 510.1.5 Sign. 510.1.6 Bracing and Supports. 510.1.7 Type I Exhaust Duct Systems. 510.2 Clearance. 510.3 Openings. 510.3.1 Access Panel. 510.3.2 Access for Cleaning and Inspection. 510.3.3 Horizontal Ducts. 510.3.3.1 Cleaning. 510.3.3.2 Safe Access and Work Platform. 510.3.3.3 Support. 510.3.4 Vertical Ducts. 510.3.4.1 Access. 510.3.4.2 Safe Access and Work Platform. 510.3.5 Nonlisted Ductwork. 510.3.6 Access Panels.
92	510.3.6.1 Listed Grease Ducts. 510.3.6.2 Within an Enclosure. 510.3.7 Fire Protection System Devices. 510.4 Listed Grease Ducts. 510.4.1 Factory-Built Grease Ducts. 510.5 Other Grease Ducts. 510.5.1 Materials. 510.5.2 Factory-Built Grease Ducts. 510.5.3 Installation. 510.5.3.1 Duct Leakage Test. 510.5.3.2 Welded Duct Connection. 510.5.4 Butt Welded Connections. 510.5.5 Telescoping and Bell-Type Connections. 510.5.6 Duct Leakage Test. 510.6 Exterior Installations. 510.6.1 Weather Protection. 510.7 Interior Installations.
93	Figure 510.5.3 Permitted Duct-To Hood Collar Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.2.2] Figure 510.5.3.2(1) Telescoping -Type Duct Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.5.1(A)] Figure 510.5.3.2(2) Bell-Type Duct Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.5.1(B)] Figure 510.5.3.2(3) Flange with Edge Weld Duct Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.5.1(C)] Figure 510.5.3.2(4) Flange with Filled Weld Duct Connection [NFPA 96: Figure 7.5.5.1(D)]
94	510.7.1 Less than Four Stories. 510.7.2 Four Stories or More. 510.7.3 Clearance. 510.7.4 Mechanical and Structural Integrity. 510.7.5 Materials. 510.7.5.1 Protection from Physical Damage. 510.7.5.2 Inspection. 510.7.6 Listed. 510.7.7 Fire Doors. 510.7.8 Ducts with Enclosure(s). 510.8 Underground Installations. 510.8.1 Grease Receptacle. 510.8.2 Cleanouts. 510.9 Termination of Type I Hood Exhaust System. 510.9.1 Rooftop Terminations.
95	510.9.1.1 Listed Vibration Isolation Connectors. 510.9.1.2 Inspection and Cleaning. 510.9.2 Wall Terminations. 510.10 Solid-Fuel Duct Systems. 511.0 Air Movement. 511.1 Exhaust Fans for Commercial Cooking Operations. 511.1.1 Upblast Fans. Figure 510.9.1 Upblast Fan Clearances [NFPA 96: Figure 7.8.2.1]
96	511.1.2 In-Line Exhaust Fans. 511.1.2.1 Accessibility. 511.1.3 Utility Set Exhaust Fans. 511.1.3.1 At the Rooftop. 511.1.3.2 Within the Building. 511.1.3.3 Duct Systems. 511.1.4 Construction. 511.1.5 Openings. 511.1.6 Standard. 511.2 Airflow. 511.2.1 Exceptions. Figure 510.9.2 Exhaust Termination Distance from Fresh Air Intake (Fai) Or Operable Door Or Window [NFPA 96: Figure 7.8.3]
97	511.2.2 Exhaust-Air Volumes. 511.2.2.1 Performance Test. 511.2.2.2 Capture and Containment Test. Figure 511.1.2(1) Typical Section of Duct-To-Fan Connection-Butt Joint Method [NFPA 96: Figure 8.1.3.2(A)] Figure 511.1.2(2) Typical Section of Duct-To-Fan Connection-Overlapping Method [NFPA 96: Figure 8.1.3.2(B)] Figure 511.1.2(3) Typical Section of Duct-To-Fan Connection–Sealant Method [NFPA 96: Figure 8.1.3.2(C)] Figure 511.1.2(4) Typical Section of Duct-To-Fan Connection-Direct To Fan Inlet Cone Method [NFPA 96: Figure 8.1.3.2(D)]
98	511.2.3 Exhaust Fan Operation. 511.3 Makeup Air. 511.3.1 Air Balance. 511.4 Common Duct (Manifold) Systems. 511.4.1 Connections. 511.4.2 Fire Damper. 511.4.3 Construction and Clearance. 511.4.4 Adjustment. 511.4.5 Adjustment Location. 511.4.6 Bleed Air Duct. 511.4.7 Disconnect. 511.5 Solid-Fuel Air Movement Requirements. 512.0 Auxiliary Equipment. 512.1 Dampers. 512.1.1 Use. 512.2 Electrical Equipment. 512.2.1 Device Installation in Ducts. 512.2.2 Lighting Units. 512.2.3 Concealed Spaces. 512.2.4 Listed Lighting Units. 512.2.5 Standard.
99	512.3 Other Equipment. 512.3.1 Access Required. 512.3.2 Downgrading. 512.3.3 Fire-Extinguishing System. 512.3.3.1 Protection. 512.3.3.2 Filter Media. 512.3.4 Source of Ignition. 512.3.5 Air Recirculation. 512.3.6 Carbon Monoxide Detector Required. 512.4 Solid-Fuel Auxiliary Equipment. 513.0 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. 513.1 General. 513.1.1 Devices in Exhaust Ducts. 513.1.2 Protection. 513.2 Types of Equipment. 513.2.1 Identification. 513.2.2 Standard. 513.2.3 Installation. 513.2.4 Modification of Existing Hood Systems. 513.2.4.1 Sealing. 513.2.4.2 Obstructions. 513.2.4.3 System Re-evaluation.
100	513.2.5 Baffle Hoods with Water Wash. 513.2.5.1 Listed for the Purpose. 513.2.5.2 Domestic Water Supply. 513.2.5.3 Control Valve. 513.2.5.4 Activation. 513.2.5.5 Water-Wash System. 513.2.5.6 Exception. 513.2.5.7 Water Supply. 513.2.6 Water Valve Supervision. 513.3 Simultaneous Operation. 513.3.1 Hoods. 513.3.1.1 Common Ductwork. 513.3.2 Independent Systems. 513.3.3 Exempt Equipment. 513.3.4 Automatic Sprinkler System. 513.3.5 Dry or Wet Chemical Systems.
101	513.4 Fuel and Electric Power Shutoff. 513.4.1 Steam. 513.4.2 Protection Not Required. 513.4.3 Manual Reset. 513.5 Manual Activation. 513.6 System Annunciation. 513.6.1 Signaling. 513.7 Special Design and Application. 513.8 Review and Certification. 513.9 Installation Requirements. 513.10 Portable Fire Extinguishers. 513.10.1 Other Fire Extinguishers. 513.10.2 Carbon Dioxide-Type. 513.11 Maintenance. 513.11.1 Permitted Use. 513.12 Solid-Fuel Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. 514.0 Procedures for the Use, Inspection, Testing, andMaintenance of Equipment. 514.1 Operating Procedures. 514.1.1 Filters. 514.1.2 Openings. 514.1.3 Posting of Instructions. 514.1.4 Listing and Manufacturer’s Instructions. 514.1.5 Nonoperational. 514.1.6 Secondary Control Equipment. 514.1.7 Inspection Frequency. 514.2 Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance.
102	514.2.1 Requirements. 514.2.2 Fusible Links and Sprinklers. 514.2.3 Inspection Tag. 514.2.4 Temperature-Sensing Elements. 514.2.5 Certification. 514.3 Inspection for Grease Buildup. 514.4 Cleaning of Exhaust Systems. 514.4.1 Measurement System. 514.4.1.1 Combustible Contaminants. 514.4.1.2 Gauge Comb. 514.4.1.3 Cleaning Method. 514.4.1.4 Combustible Contaminants. 514.4.2 Removal of Contaminants. 514.4.3 Electrical Switches. 514.4.4 Fire Suppression System. 514.4.5 Inoperable. Table 514.3 Schedule of Inspection For Grease Buildup [NFPA 96: Table 11.4] Figure 514.4.1.2 Depth Gauge Comb [NFPA 96: Figure 11.6.1.1.2]
103	514.4.6 Solvents/Cleaning Aids. 514.4.7 Cleaning Chemicals. 514.4.8 Coating. 514.4.9 Access Panels and Cover Plates. 514.4.10 Date of Inspection. 514.4.11 Airflow. 514.4.12 Operable State. 514.4.13 Certification of Service. 514.4.14 Report Provided. 514.4.15 Unclean Area. 514.4.16 Metal Containers. 514.5 Cooking Equipment Maintenance. 514.5.1 Cleaning. 515.0 Minimum Safety Requirements for Cooking Equipment. 515.1 Cooking Equipment. 515.1.1 Installation. 515.1.1.1 Re-evaluation. 515.1.1.2 Prior Location. 515.1.1.3 Minimum Space. 515.1.1.4 Space Not Required. 515.1.1.5 Minimum Height. 515.2 Operating Controls. 516.0 Recirculating Systems. 516.1 General Requirements.
104	516.2 Design Restrictions. 516.2.1 Gas/Electrically Fueled Cooking Appliances. 516.2.2 Recirculation. 516.2.3 Protection. 516.2.4 Maximum Limits. 516.2.5 Label. 516.2.6 Fire Damper. 516.2.7 Installation of Electrical Wiring. 516.2.8 Power Supply. 516.2.9 Listing Evaluation. 516.3 Interlocks. 516.3.1 Airflow Sections. 516.3.2 Filter Component. 516.3.3 ESP Interlocks. 516.3.3.1 Manual Reset. 516.3.4 Airflow Switch or Transducer. 516.4 Location and Application Restrictions. 516.5 Additional Fire Safety Requirements.
105	516.5.1 Installation Downstream. 516.5.2 Locations. 516.6 Use and Maintenance. 516.6.1 Manufacturer’s Instructions. 516.6.2 Cleaning Schedule. 516.6.3 Hood Plenum and Blower Section CleaningSchedule. 516.6.4 Inspection of Safety Interlocks. 516.6.5 Inspection. 516.6.6 Maintenance Log. 517.0 Solid-Fuel Cooking Operations. 517.1 Venting Application. 517.1.1 Natural Draft. 517.1.2 System Compliance. 517.1.3 Makeup Air System. 517.1.4 Natural Draft Ventilation Systems. 517.1.5 Opening Requirements. 517.1.6 Spark Arresters. 517.2 Location of Appliances. 517.2.1 Prohibited Location. 517.2.2 Flammable Vapors. 517.3 Hoods for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.3.1 Separation. 517.3.1.1 Equipment with Solid Fuel for Flavoring.
106	517.4 Exhaust Systems for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.4.1 Hood. 517.4.2 Building Exceeding Four Stories. 517.4.3 Prohibited. 517.5 Grease Removal Devices for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.5.1 Spark Arrester Devices. 517.5.2 Filters. 517.6 Air Movement for Solid-Fuel Cooking. 517.6.1 Replacement Air. 517.6.2 Operation. 517.7 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment for Solid-FuelCooking. 517.7.1 Grease Removal Devices, Hoods, and DuctSystems. 517.7.2 Listed Fire-Extinguishing Equipment. 517.7.3 Rating and Design. 517.7.4 Listing/Class.
107	517.7.5 Fixed-Water Pipe System. 517.7.6 Fuel Storage. 517.7.7 Auxiliary Fuel. 517.8 Other Safety Requirements. 517.8.1 Site-Built Solid Fuel Cooling Appliances. 517.8.2 Additional Devices. 517.8.3 Prohibited. 518.0 Downdraft Appliances. 518.1 General. 518.2 Ventilation System. 518.3 Fire-Extinguishing Equipment.
108	518.3.1 Integral Fire-Extinguishing System. 518.3.2 Interlocks. 518.4 Airflow Switch or Transducer. 518.4.1 Interlocks. 518.4.2 Manual Reset. 518.5 Surface Materials. 519.0 Type II Hood Exhaust System Requirements. 519.1 Where Required. 519.2 Construction of Type II Hoods. 519.3 Dishwashing Appliances. 519.4 Type II Exhaust Duct Systems. 519.5 Termination of Type II Hood Exhaust System. 519.6 Makeup Air.
110	Chapter 6 Duct Systems 601.0 General. 601.1 Applicability. 601.2 Sizing Requirements. 602.0 Material. 602.1 General. 602.2 Combustibles Within Ducts or Plenums. 602.2.1 Electrical. 602.2.2 Fire Sprinkler Piping. 602.2.3 Pneumatic Tubing. 602.2.4 Discrete Products in Plenums. 602.3 Metallic. 602.4 Nonmetallic Ducts. 602.4.1 Phenolic. 602.4.2 Gypsum. 602.4.3 Air Dispersion Systems. 602.4.4 Other Materials.
111	602.5 Vibration Isolators. 602.6 Corridors. 603.0 Installation of Ducts. 603.1 General. 603.1.1 Pressure Classification. 603.1.2 Air Temperature. 603.1.3 Protection. 603.1.4 Vertical Risers. 603.1.5 Penetrations. 603.2 Under Floor or Crawl Space. 603.3 Metal Ducts. 603.3.1 Earthquake Loads. 603.4 Flexible Air Ducts. 603.4.1 Length Limitation. 603.4.2 Flexible Air Connectors. 603.5 Plastic Ducts. 603.6 Protection of Ducts.
112	603.7 Support of Ducts. 603.7.1 Metal Ducts. 603.7.1.1 Rectangular Ducts. 603.7.1.2 Horizontal Round Ducts. 603.7.1.3 Tight-Fitting Around the Perimeter. 603.7.1.4 Size of Circular Bands. 603.7.1.5 Connection. 603.7.2 Flexible Air Ducts. 603.7.3 Other Ducts. 603.8 Protection Against Flood Damage. 603.9 Joints and Seams of Ducts. 603.9.1 Closure Systems. 603.9.2 Duct Leakage Tests. Table Table 603.9.1 Closure Markings
113	603.10 Cross Contamination. 603.11 Underground Installation. 603.12 Air Dispersion Systems. 603.13 Clearances. 603.13.1 General. 603.13.2 Supply Air Ducts to Listed Furnaces. 603.13.3 Supply Air Ducts to Unlisted Furnaces. 603.13.4 Furnace Plenums and Air Ducts. 603.13.5 Duct Furnaces. 603.13.6 Fuel-Burning Kilns. 604.0 Furnace Plenums and Ducts Used in Fuel-GasAppliances. 604.1 Furnace Plenums and Air Ducts. 604.2 Supplied as a Part of Furnace. 604.3 Not Supplied with the Furnace. 604.4 Return Air. 605.0 Insulation of Ducts. 605.1 General.
114	605.1.1 Within Ducts or Plenums. 605.1.2 Duct Coverings and Linings. 606.0 Smoke Dampers, Fire Dampers, and CeilingDampers. 606.1 Smoke Dampers. 606.2 Fire Dampers. 606.3 Ceiling Radiation Dampers. 606.4 Multiple Arrangements. 606.5 Access and Identification. 606.6 Freedom from Interference. 606.7 Temperature Classification of Operating Elements. 607.0 Ventilating Ceilings. 607.1 General. 607.2 Requirements. 608.0 Use of Under-Floor Space as Supply Plenumfor Dwelling Units. 608.1 General. 608.2 Dwelling Units.
115	608.3 Enclosed. 608.4 Flammable Materials. 608.5 Access. 608.6 Automatic Control. 608.7 Temperature Limit. 608.8 Noncombustible Receptacle. 608.8.1 Location. 608.8.2 Area. 608.8.3 Perimeter. 608.9 Floor Registers. 608.10 Exterior Wall and Interior Stud Partitions. 608.11 Wall Register. 608.12 Distance from Combustible. 608.13 Vapor Barrier. 608.14 Prohibited. 609.0 Automatic Shutoffs. 609.1 Air-Moving Systems and Smoke Detectors.
116	Chapter 7 Combustion Air 701.0 General. 701.1 Applicability. 701.1.1 Other Types of Appliances. 701.2 Pressure Difference. 701.3 Makeup Air. 701.4 Indoor Combustion Air. 701.4.1 Standard Method. 701.4.2 Known Air Infiltration Rate Method. 701.5 Indoor Opening Size and Location. 701.6 Outdoor Combustion Air.
117	701.6.1 Two Permanent Openings Method. 701.6.2 One Permanent Opening Method. 701.7 Combination Indoor and Outdoor CombustionAir. Figures Figure 701.5 All Combustion Air from Adjacent Indoor Spaces Through Indoor Combustion Air Openings [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.2.3(1)] Figure 701.6.1(1) All Combustion Air from Outdoors – Inlet Air from Ventilated Crawl Space and Outlet Air to Ventilated Attic [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.3.1(1)(A)] Figure 701.6.1(2) All Combustion Air from Outdoors Through Ventilated Attic [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.3.1(1)(B)]
118	701.7.1 Indoor Openings. 701.7.2 Outdoor Opening(s) Location. 701.7.3 Outdoor Opening(s) Size. 701.8 Engineered Installations. 701.9 Mechanical Combustion Air Supply. 701.9.1 Exhaust Fans. 701.9.2 Interlock. 701.9.3 Specified Combustion Air. 701.10 Louvers, Grilles, and Screens. 701.10.1 Minimum Screen Mesh Size. 701.10.2 Motorized Louvers. Figure 701.6.1(3) All Combustion Air from Outdoors Through Horizontal Ducts [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.3.1(2)] Figure 701.6.2 All Combustion Air from Outdoors Through Single Combustion Air Opening [NFPA 54: Figure A.9.3.3.2]
119	701.11 Combustion Air Ducts. 701.12 Dampers Prohibited. 702.0 Extra Device or Attachment. 702.1 General.
120	Chapter 8 Chimneys and Vents 801.0 General. 801.1 Applicability. 801.2 Venting of Gas Appliances. 801.3 Appliances Fueled by Other Fuels. 802.0 Venting of Appliances. 802.1 Listing. 802.1.1 Installation. 802.1.2 Prohibited Discharge. 802.2 Connection to Venting Systems. 802.2.1 Appliances Not Required to be Vented. 802.2.2 Maximum Input Rating. 802.2.3 Adjacent Room or Space. 802.2.4 Ventilating Hoods. 802.2.5 Well-Ventilated Spaces. 802.2.6 Direct Vent Appliances. 802.2.7 Appliances with Integral Vents. 802.2.8 Incinerators, Commercial–Industrial. 802.3 Minimum Safe Performance. 802.3.1 Appliance Draft Requirements. 802.3.2 Appliance Venting Requirements.
121	802.3.3 Mechanical Draft Systems. 802.3.3.1 Venting. 802.3.3.2 Leakage. 802.3.3.3 Vent Connectors. 802.3.3.4 Operation. 802.3.3.5 Exit Terminals. 802.3.4 Ventilating Hoods and Exhaust Systems. 802.3.5 Circulating Air Ducts, Above-Ceiling Air-Handling Spaces, and Furnace Plenums. 802.3.6 Above-Ceiling or Nonducted Air HandlingSystem. 802.4 Type of Venting System to be Used. 802.4.1 Plastic Piping. 802.4.2 Plastic Vent Joints. 802.4.3 Special Gas Vents. 802.5 Masonry, Metal, and Factory-Built Chimneys. 802.5.1 Factory-Built Chimneys. 802.5.1.1 Decorative Shrouds. 802.5.2 Metal Chimneys. 802.5.3 Masonry Chimneys.
122	802.5.4 Termination. 802.5.4.1 Medium-Heat Gas Appliances. 802.5.4.2 Chimney Height. 802.5.4.3 Decorative Shrouds. 802.5.5 Size of Chimneys. Tables Table 802.4 Type of Venting System to Be Used [NFPA 54: Table 12.5.1]
123	802.5.6 Inspection of Chimneys or Vents. 802.5.7 Inspection of Chimneys. 802.5.7.1 Standard. 802.5.7.2 Cleanouts. 802.5.7.3 Existing Chimney. 802.5.8 Chimney Serving Appliances BurningOther Fuels. 802.5.8.1 Gas and Liquid Fuel-BurningAppliances. Figures Figure 802.5.4 Typical Termination Locations for Chimneys and Single-Wall Metal Pipes Serving Residential-Type and Low-Heat Appliance [NFPA 54: Figure A.12.6.2.1]
124	802.5.8.2 Gas and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances. 802.5.8.3 Combination Gas- and Oil-BurningAppliances. 802.5.9 Support of Chimneys. 802.5.10 Cleanouts. 802.5.11 Space Surrounding Lining or Vent. 802.5.11.1 Combustion Air. 802.6 Gas Vents. 802.6.1 Gas Vent Termination.
125	802.6.1.1 Insulation Shield. 802.6.2 Size of Gas Vents. 802.6.2.1 Category I Appliances. 802.6.2.2 Vent Offsets. 802.6.2.3 Category II, Category III, and CategoryIV Appliances. 802.6.2.4 Sizing. 802.6.3 Gas Vents Serving Appliances on Morethan One Floor. Table 802.6.1 Roof Pitch Height [NFPA 54: Table 12.7.3] Figure 802.6.1 Termination Locations for Gas Vents with Listed Caps 12 Inches or Less in Size Not Less Than 8 Feet from A Vertical Wall [NFPA 54: Figure 12.7.3]
126	802.6.3.1 Occupiable Space. 802.6.3.2 Multistory Venting System. 802.6.4 Support of Gas Vents. 802.6.5 Marking. 802.7 Single-Wall Metal Pipe. 802.7.1 Cold Climate. 802.7.2 Termination. 802.7.3 Installation with Appliances Permitted bySection 802.4. 802.7.3.1 Limitations. Figure 802.6.3.1 Plan View of Practical Separation Method for Multistory Gas Venting [NFPA 54: Figure A.12.7.5.2] Figure 802.6.3.2 Use of Manifolded Common Vent Connector [NFPA 54: Figure F.1(K)]
127	802.7.3.2 Attic or Concealed Space. 802.7.3.3 Clearances. 802.7.3.4 Combustible Exterior Wall. 802.7.3.5 Roof Thimble. 802.7.4 Size of Single-Wall Metal Pipe. Table 802.7.3.3 Clearance for Connectors [NFPA 54: Table 12.8.4.4]
128	802.7.5 Support of Single-Wall Metal Pipe. 802.7.6 Marking. 802.8 Through-the-Wall Vent Termination. 802.8.1 Mechanical Draft Venting System. 802.8.2 Direct Vent Appliance. 802.8.3 Category I through Category IV and NoncategorizedAppliances. 802.8.4 Annular Spaces. 802.8.5 Vent Terminals. 802.9 Condensation Drain. 802.9.1 Local Experience. 802.10 Vent Connectors for Category I Appliances. 802.10.1 Materials. 802.10.1.1 Unconditioned Area. Table 802.8.2 Through-The-Wall Direct Vent Termination Clearances [NFPA 54: Table 12.9.3]
129	802.10.1.2 Residential-Type Appliances. 802.10.1.3 Nonresidential Low-Heat Appliances. Table 802.10.1.3 Minimum Thickness for Galvanized Steel Vent Connectors for Low-Heat Appliances [NFPA 54: Table 12.11.2.4] Figure 802.8 Exit Terminals of Mechanical Draft and Direct Vent Venting Systems [NFPA 54: Figure A.12.9]
130	802.10.1.4 Medium-Heat Appliances. 802.10.2 Size of Vent Connector. 802.10.2.1 Manifold. 802.10.2.2 Size. 802.10.2.3 Height. 802.10.2.4 Size Increase. 802.10.3 Two or More Appliances Connected to aSingle Vent. 802.10.3.1 Height of Connector. 802.10.3.2 Pressure. 802.10.4 Clearance. Table 802.10.1.4 Minimum Thickness for Steel Vent Connectors for Medium-Heat Appliances [NFPA 54: Table 12.11.2.5]
131	802.10.5 Joints. 802.10.6 Slope. 802.10.7 Length of Vent Connector. 802.10.7.1 Single Wall Connector. 802.10.7.2 Type B Double Wall Connector. 802.10.8 Support. 802.10.9 Chimney Connection. 802.10.10 Inspection. 802.10.11 Fireplaces. 802.10.12 Passage through Ceilings, Floors, orWalls. 802.10.12.1 Medium-Heat Appliances. 802.11 Vent Connectors for Category II, Category III,and Category IV Appliances. 802.12 Draft Hoods and Draft Controls. 802.12.1 Installation. 802.12.2 Draft Control Devices. 802.12.3 Additional Devices.
132	802.12.4 Location. 802.12.5 Positioning. 802.12.6 Clearance. 802.13 Manually Operated Dampers. 802.14 Obstructions. 802.15 Automatically Operated Vent Dampers. 802.15.1 Listing. 803.0 Sizing of Category I Venting Systems. 803.1 Single Appliance Vent Table 803.1.2(1) throughTable 803.1.2(6). 803.1.1 Vent Downsizing. 803.1.2 Elbows.
133	803.1.3 Zero Lateral. 803.1.4 High-Altitude Installations. 803.1.5 Multiple Input Ratings. 803.1.6 Corrugated Chimney Liner Reduction. 803.1.7 Connection to Chimney Liners. 803.1.8 Vertical Vent Upsizing Using 7 x Rule. 803.1.9 Draft Hood Conversion Accessories. 803.1.10 Chimney and Vent Locations. 803.1.11 Residential and Low-Heat Appliances. 803.1.11.1 Clay Flue Lining. 803.1.11.2 Chimney Lining. 803.1.12 Corrugated Vent Connector Size. 803.1.13 Upsizing. 803.1.14 Single Run of Vent. 803.1.15 Interpolation. 803.1.16 Extrapolation. 803.1.17 Engineering Methods. 803.1.18 Height Entries.
134	803.2 Multiple Appliance Vent Table 803.2(1) throughTable 803.2(9). 803.2.1 Vent Connector Maximum Length. 803.2.2 Vent Connector Exceeding MaximumLength. 803.2.3 Vent Connector Manifolds. 803.2.4 Vent Offsets. 803.2.5 Elbows in Vents. Table 803.2.1 Vent Connector Maximum Length [NFPA 54: Table 13.2.2]
135	803.2.6 Elbows in Connectors. 803.2.7 Common Vent Minimum Size. 803.2.8 Tee and Wye Fittings. 803.2.9 Size of Fittings. 803.2.10 High-Altitude Installations. 803.2.11 Connector Rise. 803.2.12 Vent Height. 803.2.13 Multistory Installations. 803.2.14 Size of Vents for Multistory Installations. 803.2.15 Vent Type Multistory Installation. 803.2.16 Offsets in Multistory Installations. 803.2.17 Vertical Vent Size Limitation. 803.2.18 Multiple Input Ratings. 803.2.19 Corrugated Metallic Chimney LinerReduction. 803.2.20 Chimneys and Vents.
136	803.2.21 Vent Connector Sizing. 803.2.22 Combination of Pipe Types and Sizes. 803.2.23 Multiple Connector and Vent Sizes. 803.2.24 Interpolation. 803.2.25 Extrapolation. 803.2.26 Engineering Methods. 803.2.27 Height Entries.
137	Figure 803.1.2(6) Range of Winter Design Temperatures Used in Analyzing Exterior Masonry Chimneys in The United States [NFPA 54: Figure F.2.4]
138	Table 803.1.2(1) Type B Double-Wall Gas Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(A)]
141	Table 803.1.2(2) Type B Double-Wall Gas Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(B)]
143	Table 803.1.2(3) Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(C)]
145	Table 803.1.2(4) Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(D)]
147	Table 803.1.2(5) Single-Wall Metal Pipe or Type B Asbestos-Cement Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(E)]
148	Table 803.1.2(6) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.1(F)]
149	Table 803.2(1) Type B Double-Wall Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(A)]
153	Table 803.2(2) Type B Double-Wall Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(B)]
155	Table 803.2(3) Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(C)]
157	Table 803.2(4) Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(D)]
159	Table 803.2(5) Single-Wall Metal Pipe or Type B Asbestos-Cement Vent [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(E)] Table 803.2(6) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(F)]
160	Table 803.2(7) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(G)]
161	Table 803.2(8) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(H)]
162	Table 803.2(9) Exterior Masonry Chimney [NFPA 54: Table 13.2(I)]
164	Chapter 9 Installation of Specific Appliances 901.0 General. 901.1 Applicability. 902.0 General. 902.1 Nonindustrial Appliance. 902.2 Combustion Air from Bedroom or Bathroom. 902.3 Added or Converted Appliances. 902.4 Type of Gas(es). 902.5 Safety Shutoff Devices for Unlisted LP-Gas Appliances Used Indoors. 902.6 Fuel Input Rate. 902.7 Use of Air or Oxygen Under Pressure. 902.8 Building Structural Members. 902.8.1 Structural Capacity. 902.9 Flammable Vapors. 902.10 Solid-Fuel Burning Appliances. 902.11 Combination of Appliances and Equipment. 902.12 Protection of Gas Appliances from Fumes or Gases Other than Products of Combustion. 902.13 Process Air.
165	902.14 Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators. 902.15 Venting of Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators. 902.16 Bleed Lines for Diaphragm-Type Valves. 903.0 Air-Conditioning Appliances. 903.1 Electric Air Conditioners. 903.2 Gas-Fired Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps. 903.2.1 Independent Gas Piping. 903.2.2 Connection of Gas Engine-Powered AirConditioners. 903.2.3 Clearances for Indoor Installation.
166	903.2.4 Assembly and Installation. 903.2.5 Refrigeration Coils. 903.2.6 Switches in Electrical Supply Line. 904.0 Central Heating Boilers and Furnaces. 904.1 Location. 904.1.1 Self-Closing Doors. 904.1.2 Gasketing. 904.2 Clearance. 904.2.1 Listed Units. 904.2.2 Unlisted Units. 904.2.3 Listed and Unlisted Units. 904.2.4 Front Clearance. 904.2.5 Adjacent to Plaster or NoncombustibleMaterials. 904.2.6 Interference. 904.2.7 Central Heating Furnaces. 904.3 Assembly and Installation. 904.3.1 Under-Floor Installation. 904.3.1.1 Supported by Ground.
167	904.3.1.2 Supported from Above. 904.3.1.3 Excavation. 904.4 Temperature or Pressure Limiting Devices. 904.5 Low-Water Cutoff. 904.6 Steam Safety and Pressure Relief Valves. 904.6.1 Discharge. 904.6.2 Size. 904.6.3 End Connections. 904.7 Refrigeration Coils. 904.8 Cooling Units Used with Heating Boilers. 904.8.1 Exposed to Refrigerated Air Circulation. Tables Table 904.2.2 Clearances to Combustible Material for Unlisted Furnaces and Boilers* [NFPA 54: Table 10.3.2.2]
168	904.9 Furnace (Upright and Horizontal). 904.10 Solid-Fuel-Fired Furnaces. 904.11 Oil-Fired Central Furnaces. 904.12 Commercial or Industrial Gas Heaters. 904.13 Electric Central Furnaces. 905.0 Duct Furnaces. 905.1 Clearances. 905.2 Installation of Duct Furnaces. 905.3 Access Panels. 905.4 Location of Draft Hoods and Controls. 905.5 Circulating Air. 905.6 Duct Furnaces Used with Refrigeration Systems. 905.6.1 In Conjunction with Cooling Appliances. 905.6.2 Located Upstream from Cooling Coils. 905.6.3 Heat Exchangers. 905.7 Installation in Commercial Garages and AircraftHangars. 905.8 Electric Duct Heaters. 905.8.1 Installation. 905.8.2 Clearance.
169	906.0 Floor Furnaces. 906.1 Installation. 906.2 Temperature Limit Controls. 906.3 Combustion and Circulating Air. 906.4 Placement. 906.5 Bracing. 906.6 Support. 906.7 Clearance. 906.8 Access. 906.9 Seepage Pan. 906.10 Wind Protection. 906.11 Upper Floor Installations. 906.12 First Floor Installation. 906.13 Oil-Fired Floor Furnaces. 907.0 Wall Furnaces. 907.1 Installation. 907.1.1 Unlisted Wall Furnaces.
170	907.1.2 Vented Wall Furnaces. 907.1.3 Direct Vent Wall Furnaces. 907.1.4 Panels, Grilles, and Access Doors. 907.2 Location. 907.3 Combustion and Circulating Air. 907.4 Oil-Fired Wall Furnaces. 908.0 Clothes Dryers. 908.1 Electric Clothes Dryers. 908.2 Gas-Fired Clothes Dryers. 908.2.1 Clearance. 908.2.2 Exhausting to the Outdoors. 908.2.3 Multiple-Family or Public Use. Figure Figure 907.1.2 Installation of Type B-W Gas Vents For Vented Wall Furnaces [NFPA 54: Figure 10.26.1.3]
171	909.0 Conversion Burners. 909.1 General. 910.0 Burner Assemblies. 910.1 Oil Burners. 910.2 Gas Burners. 911.0 Decorative Appliances for Installation inVented Fireplaces. 911.1 Prohibited Installations. 911.2 Installation. 911.2.1 Listed Decorative Appliance. 911.2.2 In Manufactured Homes. 911.2.3 Unlisted Decorative Appliance. 911.3 Fireplace Screens. 912.0 Gas Fireplaces, Vented. 912.1 Prohibited Installations. 912.2 Installation. 912.3 Combustion and Circulating Air. 913.0 Factory-Built Fireplaces and Fireplace Stoves. 913.1 Factory-Built Fireplaces. 913.1.1 Gasketed Fireplace Doors. 913.2 Fireplace Stoves. 913.3 Fireplace Accessories. 914.0 Non-Recirculating Direct Gas-Fired IndustrialAir Heaters. 914.1 Application. 914.2 Prohibited Installations. 914.3 Installation. 914.3.1 Fresh Air Ventilation.
172	914.3.2 Access Required. 914.4 Clearance from Combustible Materials. 914.5 Air Supply. 914.6 Atmospheric Vents, Gas Reliefs, or Bleeds. 914.7 Relief Openings. 914.7.1 Infiltration Rate. 914.7.2 Louver or Gravity Dampers. 914.8 Purging. 915.0 Recirculating Direct Gas-Fired Industrial AirHeaters. 915.1 Application. 915.2 Prohibited Installations. 915.3 Installation. 915.4 Clearance from Combustible Materials. 915.5 Air Supply. Table 911.2 Free Opening Area of Chimney Damper for Venting Flue Gases from Unlisted Decorative Appliances for Installation in Vented Fireplaces [NFPA 54: Table 10.6.2.3]
173	915.6 Atmospheric Vents, Gas Reliefs, or Bleeds. 915.7 Relief Openings. 915.7.1 Infiltration Rate. 915.7.2 Louver or Gravity Dampers. 915.8 Purging. 916.0 Room Heaters. 916.1 Electric Room Heaters. 916.2 Gas-Fired Room Heaters. 916.2.1 Prohibited Installations. 916.2.1.1 Unvented Room Heaters. 916.2.2 Installations in Institutions. 916.2.3 Clearance. 916.2.4 Wall-Type Room Heaters. 916.3 Solid-Fuel-Type Room Heaters. 917.0 Unit Heaters. 917.1 Support. 917.2 Clearance.
174	917.2.1 Floor-Mounted-Type Unit Heaters. 917.3 Combustion and Circulating Air. 917.4 Ductwork. 917.5 Installation in Commercial Garages and AircraftHangars. 917.6 Oil-Fired Unit Heaters. 918.0 Food Service Appliance, Floor-Mounted. 918.1 Clearance for Listed Appliances. 918.2 Clearance for Unlisted Appliances. 918.3 Mounting on Combustible Floors. 918.3.1 Not Listed for Mounting on CombustibleFloors.
175	918.4 Installation on Noncombustible Floors. 918.5 Combustible Material Adjacent to CookingTop. 918.6 Use with Casters. 918.7 Level Installation. 918.8 Ventilation. 919.0 Food Service Appliances, Counter Appliances. 919.1 Vertical Clearance. 919.2 Clearance for Listed Appliances. 919.3 Clearance for Unlisted Appliances. 919.4 Mounting of Unlisted Appliances. 920.0 Household Cooking Appliances. 920.1 Electric Household Cooking Appliances. 920.2 Gas-Fired Household Cooking Appliances. 920.3 Floor-Mounted Units. 920.3.1 Clearance from Combustible Material.
176	920.3.2 Vertical Clearance Above Cooking Top. 920.4 Built-In Units. 920.4.1 Installation. 920.4.2 Vertical Clearance. 920.4.3 Level Installation. 921.0 Cooking Appliances Listing. 921.1 Commercial Electric Ranges. 921.2 Commercial Wood-Fired Baking Ovens. 921.3 Oil-Burning Ranges. 922.0 Open-Top Broiler Units. 922.1 Listed Units. 922.2 Unlisted Units. 922.3 Protection Above Domestic Units. 922.4 Commercial Units. 923.0 Outdoor Cooking Appliances. 923.1 Listed Units. 923.2 Unlisted Units.
177	924.0 Illuminating Appliances. 924.1 Clearances for Listed Appliances. 924.2 Clearances for Unlisted Appliances. 924.2.1 Open-Flame Type. 924.3 Mounting on Buildings. 924.4 Mounting on Posts. 924.5 Appliance Pressure Regulators. 925.0 Incinerators and Crematories. 925.1 Field Constructed Commercial-IndustrialIncinerators. 925.2 Factory-Built Commercial Crematories. 925.3 Residential Incinerators. 926.0 Infrared Heaters. 926.1 Support. 926.2 Clearance. 926.3 Combustion and Ventilation Air. Table 924.2.1 Clearances for Unlisted Outdoor Open-Flame Illuminating Appliances [NFPA 54: Table 10.15.2.2]
178	926.3.1 Exhaust Openings. 926.4 Installation in Commercial Garages and AircraftHangars. 927.0 Pool Heaters. 927.1 Location. 927.2 Clearance. 927.3 Temperature or Pressure-Limiting Devices. 927.3.1 Pressure Relief Valve. 927.4 Bypass Valves. 927.5 Venting. 928.0 Refrigerators. 928.1 Clearance. 928.2 Venting or Ventilating Kits Approved for Usewith a Refrigerator. 929.0 Gas-Fired Toilets. 929.1 Clearance. 929.2 Installation on Combustible Floors. 929.3 Vents. 930.0 Appliances for Installation in ManufacturedHousing. 930.1 General. 931.0 Small Ceramic Kilns. 931.1 General. 931.2 Installation. 931.3 Fuel-Gas Controls. 931.4 Electrical Equipment. 931.5 Installations Inside Buildings. 931.5.1 Kiln Clearances.
179	931.5.2 Hoods. 931.5.3 Gravity Ventilation Ducts. 931.5.4 Makeup Air. 931.6 Exterior Installations. 932.0 Outdoor Open Flame Decorative Appliances. 932.1 General. 932.1.1 Listed Units. 932.1.2 Unlisted Units. 932.1.3 Connection to the Piping System. 933.0 Evaporative Cooling Systems. 933.1 General. 933.2 Location. 933.3 Access, Inspection, and Repair. 933.4 Installation. 933.4.1 Modifications to the Supporting Structure. 933.4.2 On the Ground. 933.4.3 On a Platform. 934.0 Refrigeration Appliances. 934.1 Self-Contained Refrigerators and Freezers. 934.2 Unit Coolers.
180	934.3 Self-Contained Mechanical Refrigeration Systems. 935.0 Ductless Mini-Split Systems Installation. 935.1 General. 936.0 Air Filter Appliances. 936.1 Electrostatic Air Cleaners. 936.2 High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Units. 937.0 Gaseous Hydrogen Systems. 937.1 General. 938.0 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicular FuelSystems. 938.1 General.
182	Chapter 10 Boilers and Pressure Vessels 1001.0 General. 1001.1 Applicability. 1001.2 Boiler Rooms and Enclosures. 1001.3 Air for Combustion and Ventilation. 1001.4 Drainage. 1001.5 Mounting. 1001.5.1 Floors. 1001.6 Chimneys or Vents. 1002.0 Standards. 1002.1 General. 1002.2 Oil-Burning Boilers. 1002.2.1 Listing & Labeling. 1002.2.2 Installation. 1002.3 Electric Boilers. 1002.4 Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers. 1002.5 Dual Purpose Water Heater. 1003.0 Detailed Requirements. 1003.1 Safety Requirements.
183	1003.2 Controls. 1003.2.1 Automatic Boilers. 1003.3 Gauges. 1003.4 Stack Dampers. 1003.5 Welding. 1004.0 Expansion Tanks. 1004.1 General. 1004.2 Open-Type Expansion Tanks. 1004.3 Closed-Type Systems. 1004.4 Minimum Capacity of Closed-Type Tank. Table 1004.4(1) Expansion Tank Capacities for Gravity Hot Water Systems
184	1005.0 Safety or Relief Valve Discharge. 1005.1 General. 1005.2 Discharge Piping. 1005.3 Splash Shield. 1005.4 Hazardous Discharge. 1005.5 Vacuum Relief Valve. 1006.0 Shutoff Valves. 1006.1 General. 1007.0 Gas-Pressure Regulators. 1007.1 General. 1008.0 Low-Water Cutoff. 1008.1 General. 1009.0 Combustion Regulators – Safety Valves. 1009.1 General. Table 1004.4(2) Expansion Tank Capacities for Forced Hot Water Systems
185	1010.0 Clearance for Access. 1010.1 General. 1010.2 Power Boilers. 1010.3 Steam-Heating Boilers, Hot Water Boilers, and Power Boilers. 1010.4 Package Boilers, Steam-Heating Boilers, and Hot-Water-Heating Boilers. 1011.0 Boilers, Stokers, and Steam Generators. 1011.1 General. 1012.0 Operating Adjustments and Instructions. 1012.1 General. 1013.0 Inspections and Tests. 1013.1 General. 1013.2 Operating Permit. 1013.3 Maintenance Inspection. 1013.4 Power and Miniature Boilers.
186	1013.5 Steam-Heating and Water-Heating Boilers. 1013.6 Automatic Steam-Heating Boilers. 1013.7 Unfired Pressure Vessels. 1014.0 Operation and Maintenance of Boilers andPressure Vessels. 1014.1 General.
187	Table Table 1003.2.1 Controls and Limit Devices for Automatic Boilers
190	Chapter 11 Refrigeration 1101.0 General. 1101.1 Applicability. 1101.2 Equipment. Part I – Refrigeration Systems. 1102.0 Refrigeration Systems. 1102.1 General. 1102.2 Ammonia Refrigeration Systems. 1102.3 Refrigerants. 1103.0 Classification. 1103.1 Classification of Refrigerants. 1103.1.1 Safety Group. 1103.2 Classification of Refrigeration Systems. 1103.2.1 High-Probability System. 1103.2.2 Low-Probability System. 1103.3 Higher Flammability Refrigerants. 1104.0 Requirements for Refrigerant and RefrigerationSystem Use. 1104.1 System Selection. 1104.2 Refrigerant Concentration Limit.
191	1104.2.1 Volume Calculations. 1104.2.2 Nonconnecting Spaces. 1104.2.3 Ventilated Spaces. 1104.2.3.1 Closures. 1104.2.3.2 Plenums. 1104.2.3.3 Supply and Return Ducts. 1104.3 Institutional Occupancies. 1104.4 Industrial Occupancies and RefrigeratedRooms. 1104.5 Flammable Refrigerants. 1104.6 Applications for Human Comfort and for NonindustrialOccupancies. 1104.7 Refrigerant Type and Purity. 1104.7.1 Recovered Refrigerants.
192	1104.7.2 Recycled Refrigerants. 1104.7.3 Reclaimed Refrigerants. 1104.7.4 Mixing. 1104.8 Changing Refrigerants. 1105.0 General Requirements. 1105.1 Human Comfort. 1105.2 Supports and Anchorage. 1105.3 Access. 1105.4 Illumination and Service Receptacles. 1105.5 Ventilation of Rooms Containing CondensingUnits.
193	1105.5.1 Permanent Gravity Ventilation Openings. 1105.5.2 Mechanical Exhaust System. 1105.6 Prohibited Locations. 1105.7 Condensate. 1105.8 Defrost. 1105.9 Overflows. Where 1105.10 Condensate, Defrost, and Overflow Disposal. 1105.11 Refrigerant Port Protection. 1105.12 Storage. 1105.12.1 Quantity. 1106.0 Refrigeration Machinery Rooms. 1106.1 Where Required. 1106.1.1 Quantity. 1106.1.2 Equipment. 1106.1.3 A1 System. 1106.1.4 A1 Refrigerant. 1106.2 Refrigeration Machinery Room, GeneralRequirements. 1106.2.1 Access.
194	1106.2.2 Openings. 1106.2.2.1 Detectors and Alarms. 1106.2.2.2 Refrigerant Detectors. 1106.2.3 Mechanical Ventilation. 1106.2.4 Ventilation. Mechanical 1106.2.5 Emergency Ventilation-Required Airflow. 1106.2.5.1 Ventilation – A1, A2, A3, B1, B2L,B2 and B3 refrigerants. 1106.2.5.2 Ventilation – Group A2L Refrigerants.
195	1106.3 Normal Operation. 1106.4 Natural Ventilation. 1106.5 Combustion Air. 1106.6 Airflow. 1106.7 Ventilation Intake. 1106.8 Maximum Temperature. Tables Table 1106.2.5.2 Required Airflow for Group A2l Refrigerants
196	1106.9 Refrigerant Parts in Air Duct. 1106.10 Dimensions. 1106.11 Restricted Access. 1106.12 Exits. 1107.0 Machinery Room, Special Requirements. 1107.1 General. 1107.1.1 Flame-Producing Devices. 1107.1.2 Doors. 1107.1.3 Walls, Floors, and Ceilings. 1107.1.4 Machinery Rooms. 1107.1.5 Exterior Openings. 1107.1.6 Sealing. 1107.1.7 Group A2L and B2L Refrigerants. 1107.1.7.1 Mechanical Ventilation. 1107.1.7.2 Refrigeration Detectors. 1107.1.7.3 Machinery Rooms. 1107.1.8 Group A2, A3, B2, or B3 Refrigerants. 1107.1.9 Refrigeration Systems. 1107.1.10 Remote Control. 1108.0 Refrigeration Machinery Room Equipmentand Controls. 1108.1 General. 1108.2 Electrical. 1108.3 Emergency Shut-off.
197	1108.4 Installation, Maintenance, and Testing. 1108.5 Emergency Pressure Control System. 1109.0 Refrigeration Piping, Containers, and Valves. 1109.1 Materials. 1109.1.1 Copper and Copper Alloy Pipe. 1109.1.2 Copper Linesets. 1109.1.3 Iron and Steel. 1109.1.4 Prohibited Contact. 1109.2 Joints. 1109.3 Penetration of Piping. 1109.4 Location of Refrigeration Piping. 1109.4.1 Protection from Mechanical Damage. 1109.5 Underground Piping. 1109.5.1 Piping in Concrete Floors. 1109.6 Support. 1109.7 Pipe Enclosure.
198	1109.8 Visual Inspection. 1109.9 Condensation. 1109.10 Identification. 1110.0 Valves. 1110.1 More than 6.6 Pounds of Refrigerant. 1110.2 More than 110 Pounds of Refrigerant. 1110.3 Support. 1110.4 Access. 1110.5 Identification. 1111.0 Pressure-Limiting Devices. 1111.1 Where Required. 1111.2 Setting. 1111.3 Location. 1111.4 Emergency Stop. 1112.0 Pressure-Relief Devices. 1112.1 General.
199	1112.2 Positive Displacement Compressor. 1112.3 Liquid-Containing Portions of Systems. 1112.4 Evaporators. 1112.5 Hydrostatic Expansion. 1112.5.1 Hydrostatic Expansion During NormalOperation. 1112.5.2 Hydrostatic Expansion During Maintenance. 1112.6 Actuation.
200	1112.7 Stop Valves Prohibited. 1112.8 Location. 1112.9 Materials. 1112.10 Pressure-Relief Device Settings. 1112.10.1 Rupture Member Setting. 1112.11 Discharge from Pressure-Relief Devices. 1112.11.1 Discharging Location Interior to Building. 1112.11.2 Discharging Location Exterior to Building. 1112.11.3 Internal Relief.
201	1112.11.4 Discharge Location, Special Requirements. 1112.11.4.1 Water (R-718). 1112.12 Discharge Piping. 1112.12.1 Piping Connection. 1112.12.2 Pipe Size. 1112.12.3 Maximum Length. 1112.12.4 Design Back Pressure. Table 1112.12.3 Atmospheric Pressure at Nominal Installation Elevation (Pa) [ASHRAE 15: Table 9.7.9.3.2]
202	1112.12.5 Simultaneous Operation. 1112.13 Rating of Pressure-Relief Device. 1112.14 Rating of Rupture Members and FusiblePlugs. 1113.0 Overpressure Protection. 1113.1 General. 1113.2 Type of Protection. 1113.3 Discharging into Lowside of System. 1113.4 Parallel Pressure-Relief Devices. 1113.5 Discharge Capacity.
203	1113.6 Three-Way Valve. 1114.0 Special Discharge Requirements. 1114.1 General. 1114.2 Design Requirements. 1114.3 Testing. 1115.0 Labeling and Identification. 1115.1 General. 1115.2 Volume and Type. 1115.3 Permanent Sign. 1115.4 Marking of Pressure-Relief Devices. 1115.4.1 Rupture Members. 1115.4.2 Fusible Plugs. Table 1113.5 Relief Devices Capacity Factor [ASHRAE 15: Table 9.7.5]
204	1116.0 Testing of Refrigeration Equipment. 1116.1 Factory Tests. 1116.1.1 Testing Procedure. 1116.1.2 Applied Pressure. 1116.1.3 Design Pressure of 15 psig or Less. 1116.2 Field Tests. 1116.3 Test Gases. 1116.4 Declaration. Table 1116.2 Field Leak Test Pressures (Psig)
205	1116.5 Brine Systems. 1117.0 Refrigerant-Containing Pressure Vessels. 1117.1 Inside Dimensions 6 inches or Less. 1117.1.1 Pressure-Relief Device. 1117.1.2 Fusible Plug. 1117.2 Inside Dimensions More than 6 inches. 1117.3 Pressure Vessels for 15 psig or Less. 1118.0 Maintenance and Operation. 1118.1 General. Part II – Cooling Towers. 1119.0 General. 1119.1 Applicability. 1120.0 Support and Anchorage. 1120.1 General. 1121.0 Drainage. 1121.1 General. 1122.0 Chemical Treatment Systems. 1122.1 General. 1122.2 Automated Control of Cycles of Concentration. 1123.0 Location. 1123.1 General. 1124.0 Electrical. 1124.1 General. 1125.0 Refrigerants and Hazardous Fluids. 1125.1 General.
206	1126.0 Drift Eliminators. 1126.1 General.
207	Table 1102.3 Refrigerant Groups, Properties, and Allowable Quantities [ASHRAE 34: Table 4-1, Table 4-2]
212	Table 1104.1 Permissible Refrigeration Systems
214	Chapter 12 Hydronics 1201.0 General. 1201.1 Applicability. 1201.2 Insulation. 1201.3 Water Hammer. 1201.4 Terminal Units. 1201.5 Return-Water Low-Temperature Protection. 1202.0 Protection of Potable Water Supply. 1202.1 Prohibited Sources. 1202.2 Chemical Injection. 1202.3 Compatibility. 1203.0 Capacity of Heat Source. 1203.1 Heat Source. 1203.2 Dual Purpose Water Heater. 1203.3 Tankless Water Heaters. 1204.0 Identification of a Potable and NonpotableWater System. 1204.1 General. 1204.2 Color and Information. 1204.3 Potable Water. 1204.4 Nonpotable Water. Tables Table 1203.2 Water Heaters
215	1204.5 Location of Piping Identification. 1204.6 Flow Directions. 1205.0 Installation, Testing, and Inspection. 1205.1 Operating Instructions. 1205.2 Pressure Testing. 1205.3 Flushing. 1206.0 Pressure and Safety Devices. 1206.1 General. 1206.2 Discharge Piping. 1207.0 Heating Appliances and Equipment. 1207.1 General. 1207.2 Boilers. 1207.2.1 Condensing Boilers. 1207.2.2 Noncondensing Boilers. 1207.3 Dual-Purpose Water Heaters. Table 1204.3 Minimum Length of Color Field and Size Of Letters
216	1207.3.1 Temperature Limitations. 1207.4 Solar Heat Collector Systems. 1208.0 Circulators and Pumps. 1208.1 General. 1208.2 Mounting. 1208.3 Sizing. 1209.0 Expansion Tanks. 1209.1 General. 1209.2 Installation. 1209.3 Open-Type Expansion Tanks. 1209.4 Closed-Type Tanks. 1209.5 Sizing. 1210.0 Materials. 1210.1 Piping, Tubing, and Fittings. 1210.2 Expansion and Contraction. 1210.3 Hangers and Supports. 1210.4 Oxygen Diffusion Corrosion. 1211.0 Joints and Connections. 1211.1 General. 1211.2 Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) Pipe.
217	Table 1210.1 Materials for Hydronic System Piping, Tubing, and Fittings
218	1211.3 CPVC/AL/CPVC Plastic Pipe and Joints. 1211.4 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe and Tubing.
219	1211.5 Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipe. 1211.6 Cross-Linked Polyethylene/Aluminum/Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX-AL-PEX) Pipe. 1211.7 Ductile Iron Pipe. 1211.8 Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe/Tubing. 1211.9 Polyethylene/Aluminum/Polyethylene (PE-ALPE).
220	1211.10 Polyethylene of Raised Temperature (PE-RT). 1211.11 Polypropylene (PP) Pipe. 1211.12 Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe. 1211.13 Steel Pipe and Tubing. 1211.14 Joints Between Various Materials. 1211.14.1 Copper or Copper Alloy Pipe or Tubingto Threaded Pipe Joints. 1211.14.2 Plastic Pipe to Other Materials.
221	1212.0 Valves. 1212.1 General. 1212.2 Where Required. 1212.3 Heat Exchanger. 1212.4 Pressure Vessels. 1212.5 Pressure Reducing Valves. 1212.6 Equipment, Components, and Appliances. 1212.7 Expansion Tank. 1212.8 Flow Balancing Valves. 1212.9 Mixing or Temperature Control Valves. 1212.10 Thermosiphoning. 1212.11 Air Removal Device or Air Vents. 1213.0 System Controls. 1213.1 Water Temperature Controls. 1213.2 Operating Steam Controls. 1213.2.1 Water-Level Controls. 1213.3 Occupied Spaces. 1213.4 Simultaneous Operation. 1213.5 Temperature Reading. 1214.0 Pressure and Flow Controls. 1214.1 Balancing. 1214.2 Low-Water Control. 1214.3 Flow-Sensing Devices. 1214.4 Automatic Makeup Fluid. 1214.5 Differential Pressure Regulation. 1214.5.1 Differential Pressure Bypass Valve. 1214.6 Air-Removal Device.
222	1214.7 Air-Separation Device. 1214.8 Secondary Loops. 1215.0 Hydronic Space Heating. 1215.1 General. 1215.2 Installation. 1215.3 Freeze Protection. 1215.4 Balancing. 1215.5 Heat Transfer Fluid. 1216.0 Steam Systems. 1216.1 Steam Traps. 1216.2 Sloping for Two-Pipe System. 1216.3 Sloping for One-Pipe System. 1216.4 Automatic Air Vents. 1216.5 Condensate Flow. 1216.6 Steam-Distribution Piping. 1217.0 Radiant Heating and Cooling. 1217.1 Installation. 1217.1.1 Manifolds. 1217.2 Radiant Under-Floor Heating. 1217.3 Radiant Cooling Systems. 1217.4 Tube Placement.
223	1217.5 Poured Floor Structural Concrete Slab Systems(Thermal Mass). 1217.5.1 Slab Penetration Tube and Joint Protection. 1217.5.2 Insulation. 1217.5.3 Types of Tube Fasteners. 1217.5.4 Spacing of Tube Fasteners. 1217.6 Joist Systems and Subfloors. 1217.6.1 Tubing Fasteners. 1217.7 Wall and Ceiling Panels. 1217.8 Radiant Heating and Cooling Panels. 1217.8.1 Electric Heating Panel Systems. Table 1217.4 Maximum Length of Continuous Tubing from A Supply-and-Return Manifold Arrangement
224	1217.8.2 Radiant Wall and Ceiling Panels. 1218.0 Heat Exchangers. 1218.1 General. 1219.0 Indirect-Fired Domestic Hot-Water StorageTanks. 1219.1 General. 1220.0 Snow and Ice Melt Systems. 1220.1 Use of Chemical Additives and Corrosive Fluids. 1220.2 Types of Tube Fasteners. 1220.3 Spacing of Tube Fasteners. 1220.4 Snow and Ice Melt Controls. 1220.4.1 Tube Placement.
225	1220.4.2 Poured Structural Concrete Slab Systems. 1220.4.3 Slab Penetration Tube and Joint Protection. 1220.4.4 Concrete Slab Preparation. 1220.4.5 Insulation. 1220.4.6 Testing and Flushing. 1220.5 Hydronic Makeup Air Units. 1221.0 Piping Installation. 1221.1 General. 1221.2 Embedded Piping Materials and Joints. 1221.2.1 Steel Pipe. 1221.2.2 Copper Tubing. 1221.2.3 Plastics. 1221.3 Pressure Testing. 1221.4 System Drainage. 1221.5 Condensate Drainage. 1221.6 Clearance to Combustibles. Table 1220.4.1 Loop Lengths for Snow and Ice Melt Systems
226	Chapter 13 Fuel Gas Piping 1301.0 Scope of Gas Piping. 1301.1 Applicability. 1302.0 Coverage of Piping System. 1302.1 General. 1302.2 Piping System Requirements. 1302.3 Applications. 1303.0 Inspection. 1303.1 Inspection Notification. 1303.2 Excavation. 1303.3 Type of Inspections. 1303.3.1 Rough Piping Inspection. 1303.3.2 Final Piping Inspection.
227	1303.3.3 Test Gauges. 1303.3.3.1 Pressure Tests (10 psi or less). 1303.3.3.2 Pressure Tests (greater than 10psi to 100 psi). 1303.3.3.3 Pressure Tests (exceeding 100psi). 1303.3.3.4 Pressure Range. 1303.4 Inspection Waived. 1304.0 Certificate of Inspection. 1304.1 Issuance. 1304.2 Gas Supplier. 1304.3 Unlawful. 1305.0 Authority to Render Gas Service. 1305.1 Authorized Personnel. 1305.2 Outlets. 1306.0 Authority to Disconnect. 1306.1 Disconnection. 1306.2 Notice. 1306.3 Capped Outlets. 1307.0 Temporary Use of Gas. 1307.1 General. 1308.0 Gas Piping System Design, Materials, andComponents. 1308.1 Installation of Piping System. 1308.1.1 Addition to Existing System. 1308.2 Provision for Location of Point of Delivery. 1308.3 Interconnections Between Gas Piping Systems. 1308.3.1 Interconnections for Standby Fuels.
228	1308.4 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems. 1308.4.1 Maximum Gas Demand. 1308.4.2 Sizing Methods. 1308.4.3 Allowable Pressure Drop. 1308.5 Acceptable Piping Materials and JoiningMethods. 1308.5.1 Used Materials. 1308.5.1.1 Other Materials. 1308.5.2 Metallic Pipe. 1308.5.2.1 Steel, Stainless Steel, andWrought-Iron. 1308.5.2.2 Copper and Copper Alloy Pipe. Tables Table 1308.4.1 Approximate Gas Input for Typical Appliances [NFPA 54: Table A.5.4.2.1]
229	1308.5.2.3 Aluminum Alloy Pipe. 1308.5.3 Metallic Tubing. 1308.5.3.1 Stainless Steel Tubing. 1308.5.3.2 Steel Tubing. 1308.5.3.3 Copper and Copper Alloy Tubing. 1308.5.3.4 Aluminum Alloy Tubing. 1308.5.3.5 Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing. 1308.5.4 Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings. 1308.5.4.1 Regulator Vent Piping. 1308.5.4.2 Anodeless Risers. 1308.5.4.2.1 Factory-Assembled AnodelessRisers. 1308.5.4.2.2 Service Head Adapters andField-Assembled Anodeless Risers. 1308.5.4.2.3 Undiluted Liquefied PetroleumGas Piping. 1308.5.5 Workmanship and Defects. 1308.5.6 Metallic Pipe Threads. 1308.5.6.1 Damaged Threads. 1308.5.6.2 Number of Threads. Table 1308.5.6.2 Specifications for Threading Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 5.6.6.3]
230	1308.5.6.3 Thread Joint Compounds. 1308.5.7 Metallic Piping Joints and Fittings. 1308.5.7.1 Pipe Joints. 1308.5.7.2 Copper Tubing Joints. 1308.5.7.3 Stainless Steel Tubing Joints. 1308.5.7.4 Flared Joints. 1308.5.7.5 Metallic Pipe Fittings. 1308.5.8 Plastic Piping, Joints, and Fittings.
231	1308.5.8.1 Joint Design 1308.5.8.2 Heat-Fusion Joint. 1308.5.8.3 Compression-Type MechanicalJoints. 1308.5.8.4 Liquefied Petroleum Gas PipingSystems. 1308.5.9 Flange Specifications. 1308.5.9.1 Steel Flanges. 1308.5.9.2 Non-Ferrous Flanges. 1308.5.9.3 Ductile Iron Flanges. 1308.5.9.4 Dissimilar Flange Connections. 1308.5.9.5 Flange Facings. 1308.5.9.6 Lapped Flanges. 1308.5.10 Flange Gaskets. 1308.5.10.1 Flange Gasket Materials. 1308.5.10.2 Metallic Flange Gaskets. 1308.5.10.3 Non-Metallic Flange Gaskets. 1308.5.10.4 Full-Face Flange Gasket. 1308.5.10.5 Separated Flanges. 1308.6 Gas Meters. 1308.6.1 Location. 1308.6.1.1 Subject to Damage. 1308.6.1.2 Extreme Temperatures. 1308.6.2 Supports. 1308.6.3 Meter Protection.
232	1308.6.4 Identification. 1308.7 Gas Pressure Regulators. 1308.7.1 Listing. 1308.7.2 Location. 1308.7.3 Regulator Protection. 1308.7.4 Venting of Line Pressure Regulators. 1308.7.5 Venting of Gas Appliance Pressure Regulators. 1308.7.6 Bypass Piping. 1308.7.7 Identification. 1308.8 Overpressure Protection. 1308.9 Pressure Limitation Requirements. 1308.9.1 Overpressure Protection Required. 1308.9.2 Overpressure Protection Devices. 1308.9.3 Detection of Failure. 1308.9.4 Flow Capacity.
233	1308.10 Overpressure Protection Devices. 1308.10.1 Separate Devices. 1308.10.2 Construction and Installation. 1308.10.3 External Control Piping. 1308.10.4 Setting. 1308.10.5 Unauthorized Operation. 1308.10.6 Discharge of Vents. 1308.10.7 Size of Fittings, Pipe, and Openings. 1308.11 Backpressure Protection. 1308.11.1 Protective Devices. 1308.12 Low-Pressure Protection. 1308.13 Shutoff Valves. 1308.14 Expansion and Flexibility. 1308.14.1 Special Local Conditions.
234	1309.0 Excess Flow Valve. 1309.1 General. 1310.0 Gas Piping Installation. 1310.1 Piping Underground. 1310.1.1 Cover Requirements. 1310.1.2 Trenches. 1310.1.2.1 Backfilling. 1310.1.3 Protection Against Corrosion. 1310.1.3.1 Zinc Coating. 1310.1.3.2 Underground Piping. 1310.1.3.3 Cathodic Protection. 1310.1.3.4 Sacrificial Anodes. 1310.1.3.5 System Failing Tests. 1310.1.3.6 Impressed Current Cathodic Protection. 1310.1.3.7 Documentation. 1310.1.3.8 Dissimilar Metals. 1310.1.3.9 Steel Risers.
235	1310.1.4 Protection Against Freezing. 1310.1.5 Piping Through Foundation Wall. 1310.1.6 Piping Underground Beneath Buildings. 1310.1.6.1 Conduit with One End TerminatingOutdoors. 1310.1.6.2 Conduit with Both Ends TerminatingIndoors. 1310.1.7 Plastic Piping. 1310.1.7.1 Connections Between Metallic andPlastic Piping. 1310.1.7.2 Tracer Wire. 1310.2 CSST Piping Systems. 1310.3 Installation of Aboveground Piping. 1310.3.1 Protective Coating. 1310.3.2 Building Structure. 1310.3.3 Gas Piping to be Sloped. 1310.3.3.1 Ceiling Locations. 1310.3.4 Prohibited Locations.
236	1310.3.5 Hangers, Supports, and Anchors. 1310.3.5.1 Spacing. 1310.3.5.2 Expansion and Contraction. 1310.3.5.3 Piping on Roof Tops. 1310.3.6 Removal of Piping. 1310.4 Concealed Piping in Buildings. 1310.4.1 Connections. 1310.4.2 Piping in Partitions. 1310.4.3 Tubing in Partitions. 1310.4.4 Piping in Floors. 1310.5 Piping in Vertical Chases. 1310.5.1 Pressure Reduction. Table 1310.3.5.1 Support of Piping [NFPA 54: Table 7.2.6.2]
237	1310.5.2 Chase Construction. 1310.5.3 Ventilation. 1310.6 Maximum Operating Pressure in Buildings. 1310.6.1 LP-Gas Systems. 1310.7 Appliance Overpressure Protection. 1310.8 Gas Pipe Turns. 1310.8.1 Metallic Pipe. 1310.8.2 Plastic Pipe. 1310.8.3 Elbows. 1310.9 Drips and Sediment Traps. 1310.9.1 Location of Drips. 1310.9.2 Sediment Traps. 1310.10 Outlets.
238	1310.10.1 Cap Outlets. 1310.10.1.1 Appliance Shutoff Valves. 1310.11 Manual Gas Shutoff Valves. 1310.11.1 Valves Controlling Multiple Systems. 1310.11.1.1 Shutoff Valves for Multiple HouseLines. 1310.11.2 Emergency Shutoff Valves. 1310.11.3 Shutoff Valve for Laboratories. 1310.12 Prohibited Devices. 1310.13 Systems Containing Gas-Air Mixtures Outsidethe Flammable Range. 1310.14 Systems Containing Flammable Gas-AirMixtures. 1310.14.1 Required Components. 1310.14.2 Optional Components. 1310.14.3 Additional Requirements. 1310.14.4 Special Requirements for MixingBlowers.
239	1310.14.5 Installation of Gas-Mixing Machines. 1310.14.6 Use of Automatic Firechecks, SafetyBlowouts, or Backfire Preventers. 1311.0 Electrical Bonding and Grounding. 1311.1 Pipe and Tubing other than CSST. 1311.2 Bonding of CSST Gas Piping. 1311.2.1 Bonding Jumper Connection. 1311.2.2 Bonding Jumper Size. 1311.2.3 Bonding Jumper Length.
240	1311.2.4 Bonding Connections. 1311.2.5 Devices Used for Bonding. 1311.3 Arc-Resistant Jacketed CSST. 1311.4 Prohibited Use. 1311.5 Lightning Protection System. 1311.6 Electrical Circuits. 311.7 Electrical Connections. 1311.7.1 Safety Control. 1312.0 Appliance and Equipment Connections toBuilding Piping. 1312.1 Connecting Appliances and Equipment. 1312.1.1 Commercial Cooking Appliances. 1312.1.2 Restraining Device. 1312.2 Suspended Low-Intensity Infrared TubeHeaters. 1312.3 Use of Nonmetalic Gas Hose Connectors. 1312.3.1 Indoor. 1312.3.2 Outdoor.
241	1312.4 Injection (Bunsen) Burners. 1312.5 Connection of Portable and Mobile Industrial Appliances. 1312.5.1 Swivel Joints or Couplings. 1312.5.2 Metal Flexible Connectors. 1312.5.3 Flexible Connectors. 1312.6 Appliance Shutoff Valves and Connections. 1312.7 Quick-Disconnect Devices. 1312.8 Gas Convenience Outlets. 1312.9 Sediment Trap. 1312.10 Installation of Piping. 1312.11 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Facilities and Piping. 1313.0 Pressure Testing, Inspection, and Purging. 1313.1 Piping Installations. Figure Figure 1312.9 Method of Installing a Tee Fitting Sediment Trap [NFPA 54: Figure 9.6.8]
242	1313.1.1 Inspection Requirements. 1313.1.2 Repairs and Additions. 1313.1.3 New Branches. 1313.1.4 Piping System. 1313.1.5 Regulators and Valves. 1313.1.6 Test Medium. 1313.2 Test Preparation. 1313.2.1 Pipe Joints. 1313.2.2 Expansion Joints. 1313.2.3 Appliances and Equipment. 1313.2.4 Designed for Operating Pressures Lessthan Test Pressure. 1313.2.5 Designed for Operating Pressures Equalto or Greater than Test Pressure. 1313.2.6 Safety. 1313.3 Test Pressure. 1313.4 Detection of Leaks and Defects. 1313.4.1 Detecting Leaks. 1313.4.2 Repair or Replace. 1313.5 Piping System Leak Test. 1313.5.1 Turning Gas On.
243	1313.5.2 Leak Check. 1313.5.3 Placing Appliances and Equipment inOperation. 1313.6 Purging Requirements. 1313.6.1 Piping Systems Required to be PurgedOutdoors. 1313.6.1.1 Removal from Service. 1313.6.1.2 Placing in Operation. 1313.6.1.3 Outdoor Discharge of PurgedGases. 1313.6.1.4 Combustible Gas Indicator. 1313.6.2 Piping Systems Allowed to be PurgedIndoors or Outdoors. 1313.6.2.1 Purging Procedure. Table 1313.6.1 Size and Length of Piping [NFPA 54: Table 8.3.1]
244	1313.6.2.2 Combustible Gas Detector. 1313.6.3 Purging Appliances and Equipment. 1314.0 Required Gas Supply. 1314.1 General. 1314.2 Volume. 1314.3 Gas Appliances. 1314.4 Size of Piping Outlets. 1315.0 Required Gas Piping Size. 1315.1 Pipe Sizing Methods. 1315.1.1 Longest Length Method. 1315.1.2 Branch Length Method. 1315.1.3 Hybrid Pressure. 1315.2 Sizing of Gas Piping Systems. 1315.2.1 Natural Gas Piping Systems. 1315.2.2 Propane Piping Systems. 1315.3 Sizing Equations.
245	1315.4 Sizing of Piping Sections. 1315.5 Engineering Methods. 1315.6 Variable Gas Pressures. Table 1315.3 Cr And Y for Natural Gas and Undiluted Propane at Standard Conditions [NFPA 54: Table 6.4.2]
246	Figure 1315.1.1 Example Illustrating Use of Table 1308.4.1 and Table 1315.2(1)
247	Table 1315.2(1) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(B)]
248	Table 1315.2(2) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(C)]
249	Table 1315.2(3) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(D)]
250	Table 1315.2(4) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(E)]
251	Table 1315.2(5) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(F)]
252	Table 1315.2(6) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(G)]
253	Table 1315.2(7) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(H)]
254	Table 1315.2(8) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(I)]
255	Table 1315.2(9) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(J)]
256	Table 1315.2(10) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(K)]
257	Table 1315.2(11) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(L)]
258	Table 1315.2(12) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(M)]
259	Table 1315.2(13) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(N)]
260	Table 1315.2(14) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(O)]
261	Table 1315.2(15) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(P)]
262	Table 1315.2(16) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(Q)]
263	Table 1315.2(17) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(R)]
264	Table 1315.2(18) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(S)]
265	Table 1315.2(19) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(T)]
266	Table 1315.2(20) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(U)]
267	Table 1315.2(21) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(V)]
268	Table 1315.2(22) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(W)] Table 1315.2(23) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.2.1(X)]
269	Table 1315.2(24) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(A)]
270	Table 1315.2(25) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(B)]
271	Table 1315.2(26) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(C)]
272	Table 1315.2(27) Schedule 40 Metallic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(D)]
273	Table 1315.2(28) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(E)]
274	Table 1315.2(29) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(F)]
275	Table 1315.2(30) Semi-Rigid Copper Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(G)]
276	Table 1315.2(31) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(H)]
277	Table 1315.2(32) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(I)]
278	Table 1315.2(33) Corrugated Stainless Steel Tubing (CSST) [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(J)]
279	Table 1315.2(34) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(K)]
280	Table 1315.2(35) Polyethylene Plastic Pipe [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(L)]
281	Table 1315.2(36) Polyethylene Plastic Tubing [NFPA 54: Table 6.3.1(M)]
282	Chapter 14 Process Piping 1401.0 General. 1401.1 Applicability. 1402.0 Permit. 1402.1 General. 1403.0 Plans Required. 1403.1 General. 1404.0 Workmanship. 1404.1 General. 1405.0 Inspections. 1405.1 General. 1405.2 Required Inspections. 1405.2.1 Rough Piping Inspection. 1405.2.2 Final Piping Inspection. 1405.3 Other Inspections. 1406.0 Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings. 1406.1 General. 1406.2 Hazardous Process Piping (HPP). 1406.2.1 Installation in Exit Corridors and AboveOther Occupancies.
283	1406.2.1.1 Automatic Sprinklers. 1406.2.1.2 Ventilation. 1406.2.1.3 Receptor. 1406.2.1.4 Separation. 1406.2.1.5 Emergency Shutoff Valves. 1406.2.1.6 Electrical Wiring. 1406.3 Special Requirements for HPP Gases. 1406.3.1 Special Provisions. 1406.3.2 Piping and Tubing Installation. 1406.3.3 Gas-Detection System.
284	Chapter 15 Solar Energy Systems 1501.0 General. 1501.1 Applicability.
286	Chapter 16 Stationary Power Plants 1601.0 Stationary Fuel Cell Power Plants. 1601.1 General. 1602.0 Stationary Gas Engines and Generators. 1602.1 General. 1602.2 Connection to the Gas Supply Piping. 1602.3 Stationary Engine Generators.
288	Chapter 17 Referenced Standards 1701.0 General. 1701.1 Standards. Tables Table 1701.1 Referenced Standards
301	1701.2 Standards, Publications, Practices, and Guides. Table 1701.2 Standards, Publications, Practices, and Guides
306	Abbreviations in Table 1701.1 and Table 1701.2
308	Appendices Table of Contents
310	Appendix A – Residential Plans Examiner Review Form for HVAC System Design
312	Appendix B – Procedures to be Followed to Place Gas Equipment in Operation B 101.0 Adjusting the Burner Input. B 101.1 Adjusting Input. B 101.2 High Altitude. B 102.0 Primary Air Adjustment. B 102.1 General. B 103.0 Safety Shutoff Devices. B 103.1 General. B 104.0 Automatic Ignition. B 104.1 General. B 105.0 Protective Devices. B 105.1 General. B 106.0 Checking the Draft. B 106.1 General. B 107.0 Operating Instructions. B 107.1 General.
314	Appendix C – Installation and Testing of Oil (Liquid) Fuel-Fired Equipment C 101.0 General. C 101.1 Applicability. C 102.0 Definitions.
315	C 103.0 Standards and Accepted Practices. C 103.1 General. C 104.0 Approval of Equipment. C 104.1 General. C 105.0 Placing Equipment in Operation. C 105.1 General. C 106.0 Pilot Operation. C 106.1 General. C 107.0 Burner Operation. C 107.1 General. C 108.0 Method of Test. C 108.1 General Test Methods.
317	C 109.0 Special Requirements Based on Btu/h Input. C 109.1 General.
320	Appendix D – Fuel Supply: Manufactured/Mobile Home Parks and Recreational Vehicle Parks D 101.0 Fuel Gas Piping Systems. D 101.1 General. D 101.2 Gas Supply Connections. D 101.3 Location of Gas Supply Connection. D 101.4 Recreational Vehicle Park Fuel-Gas Equipmentand Installations. D 102.0 Single and Multiple Manufactured Home Site Fuel Supply Systems. D 102.1 Underground Installation. D 102.1.1 Open-Ended Gastight Conduit. D 102.1.2 Requirements. D 103.0 Manufactured Home Site Gas Shutoff Valve. D 103.1 General. D 104.0 Gas Meters. D 104.1 Support of Meters. D 104.2 Location of Meters. D 104.3 Meter Shutoff Valve or Cock.
321	D 105.0 Cathodic Protection Requirements. D 105.1 General. D 106.0 Manufactured Home Community LP-GasSupply Systems. D 106.1 General. D 107.0 Required Gas Supply. D 107.1 General. D 108.0 Gas Pipe Sizing and Pressure. D 108.1 Size. D 108.2 Pressure. D 109.0 Gas Piping Materials. D 109.1 Metal. D 109.2 Protection Coatings for Metal Gas Piping. D 109.3 Plastic. D 110.0 Gas Piping Installations. D 110.1 Minimum Burial Below Ground Level andClearances. D 110.2 Metallic Gas Piping. Table TABLE D 107.1 Demand Factors for Use in Calculating Gas Piping Systems in Manufactured Home Communities [NFPA 501A: Table 4.3.4.1]
322	D 110.2.1 Cathodic Protection. D 110.2.2 Underground Metallic Systems. D 110.3 Plastic Gas Piping. D 110.4 Gas Piping System Shutoff Valve. D 111.0 Liquefied Petroleum Gas Appliances. D 111.1 General. D 112.0 Oil Supply. D 112.1 General. D 112.2 Minimum Oil Supply Tank Size. D 112.3 Oil Supply Connections.
323	D 113.0 Fuel Supply Systems Installation. D 113.1 Flexible Gas Connector. D 113.2 Use of Approved Pipe and Fittings of Extension. D 113.3 Mechanical Protection. D 113.4 Special Rules on Atmospherically ControlledRegulators. D 113.5 Fuel Gas Piping Test. D 113.5.1 Procedures. D 113.5.2 Warning. D 113.5.3 Vents. D 113.6 Oil Tanks. D 113.6.1 Installation. D 113.6.2 Capacity. D 113.6.3 Location. D 113.6.4 Vent. D 113.6.5 Liquid Level. D 113.6.6 Fill Opening. D 114.0 Manufactured Home Accessory Building Fuel Supply Systems. D 114.1 General.
324	D 115.0 Community Building Fuel Supply Systems in Manufactured Home Communities. D 115.1 Fuel Gas Piping and Equipment Installations. D 115.2 Oil Supply Systems in Manufactured HomeCommunities. D 115.3 Oil-Burning Equipment and Installation. D 115.4 Inspection and Tests.
326	Appendix E – Sustainable Practices E 101.0 General. E 101.1 Applicability. E 101.2 Definition of Terms. E 201.0 Definitions. E 201.1 Cycles of Concentration for Cooling Towers. E 201.2 Duct Wall Penetrations. E 201.3 Energy Star. E 201.4 Geothermal. E 201.5 Heating Seasonal Performance Factor(HSPF). E 201.6 Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio (IEER). E 201.7 Integrated Part-Load Value (IPLV). E 201.8 Joint, Transverse. E 201.9 Maintenance. E 201.10 Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value(MERV). E 201.11 Multi-Occupant Spaces. E 201.12 Recirculation System. E 201.13 Seam, Longitudinal. E 201.14 Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (SEER). E 301.0 General Regulations. E 301.1 Installation. E 301.2 Qualifications. E 302.0 Disposal of Liquid Waste. E 302.1 Disposal. E 302.2 Connections to Plumbing System Required. E 303.0 Abandonment. E 303.1 General.
327	E 401.0 Water Conservation and Efficiency. E 401.1 General. E 402.0 Meters. E 402.1 Required. E 402.2 Consumption Data. E 402.3 Access. E 403.0 HVAC Water Use. E 403.1 Once-Through Cooling. E 403.2 Cooling Towers and Evaporative Coolers. E 403.3 Cooling Tower Makeup Water. Not E 403.4 Evaporative Cooler Water Use. E 403.4.1 Overflow Alarm. E 403.4.2 Automatic Pump Shut-Off. E 403.4.3 Cooler Reservoir Discharge. E 403.4.4 Discharge Water Reuse. E 403.4.5 Discharge Water to Drain. E 403.5 Use of Reclaimed (Recycled) and OnsiteTreated Nonpotable Water for Cooling. E 403.5.1 Drift Eliminator. E 403.5.2 Disinfection.
328	E 501.0 Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning Systems and Equipment – Energy Efficiency. E 501.1 Scope. E 502.0 Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning Low-Rise Residential Buildings. E 502.1 General. E 502.2 Heating, Ventilating, and Air-ConditioningSystems and Equipment. E 502.2.1 Nonresidential Type Systems andEquipment. E 502.3 Balancing. E 502.3.1 Balancing Dampers. E 502.4 Ducts. E 502.4.1 Insulation for Ducts. E 502.4.2 Ducts and Register Penetrations E 502.4.3 Duct Leakage Test. E 502.4.3.1 Duct Leakage Verification Test. E 502.4.4 Duct Sizing. E 502.5 Insulation for Piping. E 502.6 Ventilation and Combustion Air. E 502.6.1 Combustion Air. E 502.7 Electric Heating Systems. E 502.7.1 Wall, Floor, or Ceiling Electric-ResistanceHeating.
329	E 502.7.2 Electric Central Warm Air Heating. E 502.8 Bath Ceiling Units. E 502.9 HVAC Equipment, Rated Combinations. Tables Table E 502.5 Minimum Pipe Insulation Thickness [ASHRAE 90.2: Table 6.5] Table E 502.6 Ventilation Air [ASHRAE 90.2: Table 6.6.1]
330	E 502.10 Controls. E 502.10.1 Initial Control Setting. E 502.10.2 Ventilation Control. E 502.10.3 Humidity Control. E 502.10.3.1 Cooling. E 502.10.4 Freeze Protection Systems. E 502.10.5 Other Controls. E 502.11 Whole House Fans. E 502.12 Dampers. E 503.0 Heating, Ventilation, and Air-Conditioning –Other than Low-Rise Residential Buildings. E 503.1 General. E 503.1.1 New Buildings. Table E 502.9 Minimum Requirements for Non-Federally Covered HVAC Equipment [ASHRAE 90.2: Table 6.9]
331	E 503.1.2 Additions to Existing Buildings. E 503.1.3 Alterations to Heating, Ventilating, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration in ExistingBuildings. E 503.1.3.1 New Cooling Systems. E 503.1.3.2 Existing Cooling Systems. E 503.1.3.3 Ductwork. E 503.1.3.4 Piping. E 503.2 Compliance Path(s). E 503.2.1 Projects Using Energy Cost BudgetMethod. E 503.3 Simplified Approach Option for HVAC Systems. E 503.3.1 Criteria.
332	E 503.3.2 Climate Zone Determination. E 503.4 Mandatory Provisions.
333	E 503.4.1 Water-Cooled Centrifugal Chilling Packages.
334	E 503.4.1.1 Positive Displacement (air- andwater-cooled) Chilling Packages. E 503.4.2 Equipment not Listed. E 503.4.3 Verification of Equipment Efficiencies. E 503.4.4 Labeling. E 503.4.4.1 Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners. E 503.4.5 Load Calculations. E 503.4.5.1 Pump Head. E 503.4.6 Zone Thermostatic Controls. E 503.4.6.1 Dead Band.
335	E 503.4.6.2 Setpoint Overlap Restriction. E 503.4.6.3 Off-Hour Controls. E 503.4.6.3.1 Automatic Shutdown. E 503.4.6.3.2 Setback Controls. E 503.4.6.3.3 Optimum Start Controls. E 503.4.6.3.4 Zone Isolation.
336	E 503.4.6.3.5 Automatic Control of HVACin Hotel/Motel Guest Rooms. E 503.4.6.3.5.1 Guest Room HVACSet-Point Control. E 503.4.6.4 Ventilation System Controls. E 503.4.6.4.1 Shutoff Damper Controls. Table E 503.4.6.4.2 Maximum Damper Leakage (Cubic Foot Per Minute Per Square Foot) at 1.0 in. W.G [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.4.3.4.3]
337	E 503.4.6.4.2 Dampers Leakage. E 503.4.6.4.3 Ventilation Fan Controls. E 503.4.6.5 Enclosed Parking Garage Ventilation. E 503.4.6.6 Heat Pump Auxiliary Heat Control. E 503.4.6.7 Humidification and Dehumidification. E 503.4.6.8 Freeze Protection and Snow orIce Melting Systems. E 503.4.6.9 Ventilation Controls for High-Occupancy Areas.
338	E 503.4.6.10 Outdoor Heating. E 503.4.6.11 Heated or Cooled Vestibules. E 503.4.6.12 Direct Digital Control (DDC)Requirements. E 503.4.6.12.1 DDC Applications. E 503.4.6.12.2 DDC Controls. E 503.4.6.12.3 DDC Display. Table E 503.4.6.12.1 DDC Applications and Qualifications [ASHRAE 90.1:6.4.3.10.1]
339	E 503.4.6.13 Economizer Fault DetectionDiagnostics (FDD). E 503.4.7 HVAC System Construction and Insulation. E 503.4.7.1 Insulation. E 503.4.7.1.1 Duct and Plenum Insulation. E 503.4.7.1.2 Piping Insulation.
340	E 503.4.7.1.3 Sensible Heating Panel. E 503.4.7.1.4 Radiant Floor Heating. E 503.4.7.2 Ductwork and Plenum Leakage. E 503.4.7.2.1 Duct Leakage Tests. E 503.5 Prescriptive Path, Economizers.
341	E 503.5.1 Air Economizers, Design Capacity. E 503.5.1.1 Control Signal. E 503.5.1.2 High-Limit Shutoff. E 503.5.1.3 Dampers. E 503.5.1.4 Relief of Excess Outdoor Air. Table E 503.5(1) Minimum Fan-Cooling Unit Size Where an Economizer Is Required [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.1-1] Table E 503.5(2) Eliminate Required Economizer for Comfort Cooling by Increasing Cooling Efficiency [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.1-2]
342	E 503.5.1.5 Sensor Accuracy. E 503.5.2 Fluid Economizers, Design Capacity. Table E 503.5.1.2 High-Limit Shutoff Control Settings for Air Economizers [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.1.1.3] Table E 503.5.2 Water Economizer Sizing Dry-Bulb and Wet-Bulb Requirements for Computer Rooms [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.1.2.1]
343	E 503.5.2.1 Maximum Hydronic PressureDrop. E 503.5.3 Integrated Economizer Control. E 503.5.4 Economizer Heating System Impact. E 503.5.4.1 Economizer Humidification SystemImpact. E 503.5.5 Simultaneous Heating and CoolingLimitation, Zone Controls. Table E 503.5.3 Dx Cooling Stage Requirements for Modulating Airflow Units [ASHRAE 90.1:6.5.1.3]
344	E 503.5.5.1 Supply Air Temperature ReheatLimit. E 503.5.5.2 Hydronic System Controls. E 503.5.5.2.1 Three-Pipe System. E 503.5.5.2.2 Two-Pipe Changeover System. E 503.5.5.2.3 Hydronic (Water Loop)Heat Pump Systems.
345	E 503.5.5.3 Dehumidification. E 503.5.5.4 Humidifier Preheat. E 503.5.5.4.1 Insulation. E 503.5.5.5 Preheat Coils. E 503.5.6 Air System Design and Control. E 503.5.6.1 Fan System Power and Efficiency. Table E 503.5.6.1(1) Fan Power Limitation [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.3.1-1]
346	E 503.5.6.1.1 Motor Nameplate Horsepower. E 503.5.6.1.2 Fan Efficiency. Table E 503.5.6.1(2) Fan Power Limitation Pressure Drop Adjustment [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.3.1-2]
347	E 503.5.6.2 Supply Fan Airflow Control. E 503.5.6.2.1 VAV Static Pressure SensorLocation. E 503.5.6.2.2 VAV Setpoint Reset. E 503.5.6.3 Multiple-Zone VAV System VentilationOptimization Control. Table E 503.5.6.2 Fan Airflow Control [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.3.2.1]
348	E 503.5.6.4 Supply Air Temperature ResetControls. E 503.5.6.5 Fractional Horsepower FanMotors. Table E 503.5.6.5(1) Minimum Average Full-Load Efficiency for Polyphase Small Electric Motors [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 10.8-3] Table E 503.5.6.5(2) Minimum Average Full-Load Efficiency for Capacitor-Start Capacitor-Run And capacitor-Start Induction-Run Small Electric Motors [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 10.8-4]
349	E 503.5.6.6 Ventilation Design. E 503.5.7 Hydronic System Design and Control. E 503.5.7.1 Hydronic Variable Flow Systems. E 503.5.7.2 Chiller and Boiler Isolation. Table E 503.5.7 Boiler Turndown [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.4.1] Table E 503.5.7.1 Pump Flow Control Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.4.2]
350	E 503.5.7.2.1 Boiler Isolation. E 503.5.7.3 Chilled- and Hot-Water TemperatureReset Controls. E 503.5.7.4 Hydronic (Water Loop) HeatPump and Water-Cooled Unitary Air Conditioners. E 503.5.7.4.1 Controls. E 503.5.7.5 Pipe Sizing. Table E 503.5.7.5 Piping System Design Maximum Flow Rate (Gallons Per Minute) [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.4.6]
351	E 503.5.8 Heat Rejection Equipment. E 503.5.8.1 Fan Speed Control. E 503.5.8.2 Variable-Speed Fan Drives. E 503.5.9 Limitation on Centrifugal Fan Open-Circuit Cooling Towers. E 503.5.9.1 Tower Flow Turndown. E 503.5.10 Exhaust Air Energy Recovery.
352	E 503.5.10.1 Heat Recovery for Service WaterHeating. E 503.5.10.1.1 Condenser Heat RecoverySystems. E 503.5.10.1.2 Capacity. E 503.5.11 Exhaust Systems. E 503.5.11.1 Transfer Air. Table E 503.5.10(1) Exhaust Air Energy Recovery Requirements for Ventilation Systems Operating Less Than 8000 Hours Per Year [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.6.1-1] Table E 503.5.10(2) Exhaust Air Energy Recovery Requirements for Ventilation Systems Operating Not Less Than 8000 Hours Per Year [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.6.1-2]
353	E 503.5.11.2 Kitchen Exhaust Systems. E 503.5.11.2.1 Exhaust Flow Rate. E 503.5.11.2.2 Kitchen or Dining Facility. E 503.5.11.2.3 Performance Testing. Table E 503.5.11.2.1 Maximum Net Exhaust Flow Rate, Cfm Per Linear Foot of Hood Length [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.7.2.2]
354	E 503.5.11.3 Laboratory Exhaust Systems. E 503.5.12 Radiant Heating Systems. E 503.5.12.1 Heating Enclosed Spaces. E 503.5.13 Hot Gas Bypass Limitation. E 503.5.14 Door Switches. E 503.6 Submittals. E 503.6.1 Construction Details. E 503.6.2 Supplemental Information. Table E 503.5.13 Hot Gas Bypass Limitation [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.5.9]
355	E 503.6.3 Manuals. E 503.6.3.1 Required Information. E 503.6.3.2 Lighting Manuals. E 503.6.4 Labeling of Material and Equipment. E 503.6.5 Completion Requirements. E 503.6.5.1 Drawings. E 503.6.5.2 Manuals. E 503.6.5.3 System Balancing. E 503.6.5.3.1 Air System Balancing. E 503.6.5.3.2 Hydronic System Balancing.
356	E 503.6.5.4 System Commissioning. E 503.6.5.4.1 Minimum Level of Commission. E 503.7 Minimum Equipment Efficiency Tables. E 503.7.1 Minimum Efficiency RequirementListed Equipment – Standard Rating and OperatingConditions. E 503.7.2 Duct Insulation Tables. E 503.7.3 Pipe Insulation Tables. E 503.8 Alternative Compliance Path. E 503.8.1 Computer Room (PUE1). E 503.8.2 Computer Room (PUE0). E 503.8.3 Documentation. E 504.0 Solar Energy Systems. E 504.1 General. Table E 503.8.1 Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) Maximum [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.6.1]
357	Table E 503.7.1(1) Electrically Operated Unitary Air Conditioners and Condensing Units Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-1]
359	Table E 503.7.1(2) Electrically Operated Unitary and Applied Heat Pumps Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-2]
361	Table E 503.7.1(3) Water-Chilling Packages ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-3]
362	Table E 503.7.1(4) Electrically Operated Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners, Packaged Terminal Heat Pumps, Single-Package Vertical Air Conditioners, Single-Package Vertical Heat Pumps, Room Air Conditioners, And Room Air Conditioner Heat Pumps ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-4]
363	Table E 503.7.1(5) Warm-Air Furnaces and Combination Warm-Air Furnaces/Air-Conditioning Units, Warm-Air Duct Furnaces, And Unit Heaters ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-5]
364	Table E 503.7.1(6) Gas- And Oil-Fired Boilers ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-6]
365	Table E 503.7.1(7) Performance Requirements for Heat Rejection Equipment Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-7]
366	Table E 503.7.1(8) Heat Transfer Equipment ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-8] Table E 503.7.1(9) Electrically Operated Variable-Refrigerant-Flow Air Conditioners ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-9]
367	Table E 503.7.1(10) Electrically Operated Variable-Refrigerant-Flow and Applied Heat Pumps ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-10]
369	Table E 503.7.1(11) Air Conditioners and Condensing Units Serving Computer Rooms Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-11]
370	Table E 503.7.1(12) Commercial Refrigerator and Freezers ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-12]
371	Table E 503.7.1(13) Commercial Refrigeration ─ Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-13]
372	Table E 503.7.1(14) Vapor Compression Based Indoor Pool Dehumidifiers – Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-14] Table E 503.7.1(15) Electrically Operated Dx-DOAS Units, Single-Package and Remote Condenser, Without Energy Recovery – Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-15] Table E 503.7.1(16) Electrically Operated Dx-DOAS Units, Single Package and Remote Condenser, with Energy Recovery – Minimum Efficiency Requirements [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.1-16]
373	Table E 503.7.2 Minimum Duct Insulation R-Value [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.2] Table E 503.7.3(1) Minimum Pipe Insulation Thickness For Heating And Hot Water Systems1, 2, 3, 4, 5(Steam, Steam Condensate, Hot Water Heating, And Domestic Water Systems) [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.3-1]
374	E 601.0 Indoor Environment. E 601.1 Scope. E 602.0 Fireplaces. E 602.1 Requirements. E 602.1.1 Masonry or Factory-Built Fireplace. E 602.1.1.1 Opening Cover. E 602.1.1.2 Combustion Air Intake. E 602.1.1.3 Accessible Damper Control. E 602.1.2 Prohibited. E 603.0 Pollutant Control. E 603.1 Indoor Air Quality During Construction. E 603.1.1 Temporary Ventilation During Construction. Table E 503.7.3(2) Minimum Pipe Insulation thickness For Cooling Systems (Chilledwater, Brine, and Refrigerant [ASHRAE 90.1: Table 6.8.3-2]
375	E 603.1.2 Indoor Air Quality After Construction. E 603.1.3 Covering of Duct Openings and Protectionof Mechanical Equipment During Construction. E 603.2 Isolation of Pollutant Sources. E 603.3 Filters. E 603.4 Ozone Depletion and Global WarmingReductions. E 604.0 Indoor Moisture Control. E 604.1 Rainwater Control. E 605.0 Indoor Air Quality for Low-Rise Residential. E 605.1 General. E 605.1.1 Natural Ventilation. E 605.1.1.1 Access to Operable Openings. E 605.1.2 Mechanical Ventilation. E 605.1.3 Dwelling-Unit Ventilation. E 605.1.3.1 Total Ventilation Rate. E 605.1.3.2 Effective Annual Average Infiltration Rate (Qinf).
376	E 605.1.3.3 Required Mechanical VentilationRate (Qfan). E 605.1.3.4 Different Occupant Density. E 605.1.4 System Type. E 605.1.5 Airflow Measurement. E 605.1.6 Control and Operation. E 605.1.7 Variable Mechanical Ventilation. E 605.1.7.1 Short-Term Average Ventilation. E 605.1.7.2 Scheduled Ventilation. E 605.1.7.2.1 Annual Average Schedule. E 605.1.7.2.2 Block Scheduling.
377	E 605.1.7.3 Real-Time Control. E 605.1.8 Equivalent Ventilation. E 605.2 Bathroom Exhaust Fans. E 605.3 Filters. E 606.0 Indoor Air Quality for Other than Low-Rise Residential Buildings. E 606.1 Minimum Indoor Air Quality. E 607.0 Environmental Comfort. E 607.1 Thermal Comfort Controls. E 607.2 Heating and Air-Conditioning SystemDesign. E 608.0 Low VOC Solvent Cement and Primer. E 608.1 General. E 608.1.1 Solvent Cement. E 608.1.2 Primer. Table E 605.1.3.1 Ventilation Air Requirements, (Cubic Foot Per Minute) [ASHRAE 62.2:Table 4.1a]
378	E 701.0 Installer Qualifications. E 701.1 Scope. E 702.0 Qualifications. E 702.1 General. Part I E 801.0 Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Systems Commissioning. E 801.1 Applicability. E 802.0 Commissioning. E 802.1 Commissioning Requirements. E 802.2 Owner’s Project Requirements (OPR). E 802.3 Basis of Design (BOD). E 802.4 Commissioning Plan. E 802.5 Functional Performance Testing. E 802.6 Post Construction Documentation and Training. E 802.6.1 Systems Manual.
379	E 802.6.2 Systems Operations Training. E 802.7 Commissioning Report. Part II E 803.0 Commissioning Acceptance. E 803.1 General. E 803.2 Construction Documents. E 803.2.1 Roles and Responsibilities. E 803.2.1.1 Field Technician. E 803.2.1.2 Responsible Person. E 803.2.1.3 Certificate of Acceptance. E 804.0 Commissioning Tests. E 804.1 General. E 804.2 Tests.
380	E 804.3 Acceptance Process. E 804.3.1 Plan Review. E 804.3.2 Construction Inspection. E 804.3.3 Acceptance Testing. E 804.3.4 Certificate of Occupancy. E 805.0 HVAC System Tests. E 805.1 Variable Air Volume Systems (Form MECH-2A). E 805.1.1 Test Procedure. E 805.1.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.1.1.2 Functional Testing.
381	E 805.1.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.2 Constant Volume Systems (Form MECH-2A). E 805.2.1 Test Procedure. E 805.2.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.2.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.2.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.3 Constant Volume, Single-Zone, Unitary AirConditioner and Heat Pumps Systems Acceptance(Form MECH-3A). E 805.3.1 Test Procedure. E 805.3.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.3.1.2 Functional Testing.
382	E 805.3.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.4 Air Distribution Systems (Form MECH-4A). E 805.4.1 Test Procedure. E 805.4.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.4.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.4.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.5 Air Economizer Controls Acceptance (FormMECH-5A). E 805.5.1 Test Procedure. E 805.5.1.1 Construction Inspection.
383	E 805.5.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.5.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.6 Demand-Controlled Ventilation SystemsAcceptance (Form MECH-6A). E 805.6.1 Test Procedure. E 805.6.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.6.1.2 Functional Testing.
384	E 805.6.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.7 Supply Fan Variable Flow Controls (FormMECH-7A). E 805.7.1 Test Procedure. E 805.7.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.7.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.7.2 Acceptance Criteria.
385	E 805.8 Valve Leakage (Form MECH-8A). E 805.8.1 Test Procedure. E 805.8.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.8.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.8.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.9 Supply Water Temperature Reset Controls(Form MECH-9A). E 805.9.1 Test Procedure. E 805.9.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.9.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.9.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.10 Hydronic System Variable Flow Controls(Form MECH-10A).
386	E 805.10.1 Test Procedure. E 805.10.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.10.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.10.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.11 Automatic Demand Shed Control (FormMECH-11A). E 805.11.1 Test Procedure. E 805.11.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.11.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.11.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.12 Fault Detection and Diagnostics (FDD) forPackaged Direct-Expansion (DX) Units (FormMECH-12A). E 805.12.1 Test Procedure. E 805.12.1.1 Construction Inspection.
387	E 805.12.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.12.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.13 Automatic Fault Detection Diagnostics(FDD) for Air Handling Units (AHU) and Zone TerminalUnits (Form MECH-13A). E 805.13.1 Test Procedure. E 805.13.1.1 Functional Testing. E 805.13.1.1.1 Functional Testing for AirHandling Units.
388	E 805.13.1.1.2 Functional Testing forZone Terminal Units. E 805.13.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.14 Distributed Energy Storage DX AC System(Form MECH-14A).
389	E 805.14.1 Test Procedure. E 805.14.1.1 Construction Inspection. E 805.14.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.14.1.3 Calibrating Controls. E 805.14.2 Acceptance Criteria. E 805.15 Thermal Energy Storage (TES) System(Form MECH-15A). E 805.15.1 Test Procedure. E 805.15.1.1 Construction Inspection.
390	E 805.15.1.2 Functional Testing. E 805.15.2 Acceptance Criteria.
391	E 806.0 Certificate of Acceptance Forms. E 806.1 General.
392	Forms MECH-2A
395	MECH-3A
398	MECH-4A
401	MECH-5A
404	MECH-6A
407	MECH-7A
409	MECH-8A
411	MECH-9A
413	MECH-10A
416	MECH-11A
418	MECH-12A
421	MECH-13A
425	MECH-14A
428	MECH-15A
432	Appendix F – Geothermal Energy Systems Part I – General. F 101.0 General. F 101.1 Applicability. F 101.1.1 Prior to Construction. F 101.1.2 Equipment, Accessories, Components,and Materials. F 101.2 Construction Documents. F 101.3 Site Survey. F 101.4 Used Materials. F 101.5 Contact with Building Material. F 101.6 Strains and Stresses. F 101.7 Flood Hazard. F 101.8 Pipe Support. F 101.9 Velocities. F 101.10 Chemical Compatibility. F 101.11 Transfer Fluid. F 102.0 Definitions. F 103.0 Groundwater Systems. F 103.1 General.
433	F 104.0 Design of Systems. F 104.1 Ground-Heat Exchanger Design. F 104.2 Piping and Tubing Materials Standards. F 104.3 Fittings. F 104.4 Underground Piping and Submerged Materials. F 104.4.1 Polyethylene (PE). F 104.4.1.1 Joining Methods for PolyethylenePipe or Tubing. F 104.4.2 Cross-Linked Polyethylene (PEX). F 104.4.2.1 Joining Methods for Cross-Linked Polyethylene Tubing. F 104.5 Indoor Piping. F 105.0 Heat Pumps. F 105.1 Heat Pump Distribution System. Tables Table F 104.2 Plastic Ground Source Loop Piping Table F 104.3 Ground Source Loop Pipe Fittings
434	F 105.2 Circulating Pumps. F 106.0 Valves. F 106.1 Where Required. F 106.2 Heat Exchangers. F 106.3 Central Systems. F 106.4 Pressure Vessels. F 106.5 Pressure-Reducing Valves. F 106.6 Equipment and Appliances. F 106.7 Expansion Tanks. F 106.8 Reduced Pressure. F 107.0 Specific System Components Design. F 107.1 General. F 107.2 Heat Exchangers. F 107.3 Heat-Transfer Medium. F 107.4 Insulation. F 108.0 Installation Practices. F 108.1 Prior to Construction. F 108.2 Equipment, Accessories, Components, andMaterials. F 108.3 Construction Documents. F 108.4 Site Survey Requirements.
435	F 108.5 Subsurface Investigation. F 108.6 Subsurface Conditions. F 108.7 Ground-Heat Exchanger Installation Practices. F 108.8 Trenching, Excavation, and Backfill. F 108.9 Trenches, Tunneling, and Driving. F 108.10 Excavations and Open Trenches. F 108.11 Protection of Piping, Materials, and Structures. F 108.12 Sleeves. F 108.13 Steel Nail Plates. F 108.14 Exterior Piping Protection. F 108.15 Heat Pump and Distribution System Installation. F 108.16 Pressurizing During Installation.
436	F 108.17 Horizontal Geothermal Piping – Materialsand Methods. F 108.17.1 Piping Material. F 108.17.2 Dissimilar Materials. F 108.17.3 Protection of Piping. F 108.18 Trenches, Excavation, and Backfill. F 108.18.1 Trenches. F 108.18.2 Buried Systems. F 108.18.3 Pipe Installation. F 108.18.4 Separation. F 108.18.5 Insulation. F 108.18.6 Pipe Bends. F 108.18.7 Closed Cell Insulation. F 108.18.8 Tracer Markings. F 109.0 System Start-Up. F 109.1 General. F 109.2 Operation and Maintenance Manual. F 109.3 Labeling and Marking.
437	F 109.4 Documentation. F 109.5 Maintenance. F 109.6 Records. F 109.7 System Start-Up. F 109.8 Contaminants. F 110.0 Decommissioning and Abandonment. F 110.1 General. Part II – Closed-Loop Systems. F 201.0 General. F 201.1 Applicability. F 201.2 Piping and Tubing. F 201.3 Borehole Piping and Tubing. F 201.4 Underground Fittings. F 201.5 Verification. F 201.6 Vertical Bores. F 201.6.1 Backfill. F 201.6.2 U-Bends and Headers. F 201.6.2.1 Test Pressure. F 201.6.2.2 Testing Procedure. F 201.6.2.3 Calculation of Static Pressure(Water). F 201.6.2.4 Calculation of Static Pressure(Other Fluids).
438	F 202.0 Ground-Heat Exchanger Testing. F 202.1 Testing. F 202.2 Individual Loop Pressure Testing. F 202.3 Field Pressure Testing – Final. F 202.4 Field Flow Testing – Final. Part III – Open-Loop Systems. F 301.0 General. F 301.1 Applicability. F 301.2 Test Wells. F 301.3 Installation of Water Wells. F 301.4 Setbacks. F 302.0 Open Ground Water Systems. F 302.1 General. F 302.2 Open-Loop Water Well Drilling Logs. F 302.3 Design Considerations.
439	F 302.4 Water Wells and Injection Wells. F 302.5 Testing and Sampling. F 302.6 Disinfection. F 303.0 Testing and Verification. F 303.1 Pumping Test. F 303.2 Retesting. F 303.3 Variable Rate Pump Test. F 303.4 Constant Rate Pump Test. F 303.5 Water Level Monitoring. F 303.6 Injection Wells. F 303.7 Re-Injected Water. Part IV – Direct Exchange (DX) Systems. F 401.0 Direct Exchange (DX) Systems. F 401.1 General. F 401.2 Applicability. F 401.3 DX Systems. F 401.4 DX System Testing. F 401.5 Indoor Piping. F 401.6 On Site Storage. F 401.7 System Start-Up.
440	F 401.8 DX Piping.
442	Appendix G – Sizing of Venting Systems and Outdoor Combustion and Ventilation Opening Design G 101.0 General. G 101.1 Applicability. G 101.2 Examples Using Single Appliance VentingTables. Figures Figure G 101.2(1) Type B Double-Wall Vent System Serving A Single Appliance with A Type B Double-Wall Vent Figure G 101.2(2) Type B Double-Wall Vent System Serving A Single Appliance with A Single-Wall Metal Vent Connector Figure G 101.2(3) Vent System Serving A Single Appliance with A Masonry Chimney and A Type B Double-Wall Vent Connector Figure G 101.2(4) Vent System Serving A Single Appliance Using A Masonry Chimney and A Single-Wall Metal Vent Connector
443	Figure G 101.2(5) Asbestos Cement Type B or Single-Wall Metal Vent System Serving A Single Draft Hood-Equipped Appliance Figure G 101.2(6) Vent System Serving Two or More Appliances with Type B Double-Wall Vent and Type B Double-Wall Vent Connectors Figure G 101.2(7) Vent System Serving Two Or More Appliances with Type B Double-Wall Vent and Single-Wall Metal Vent Connectors Figure G 101.2(8) Masonry Chimney Serving Two Or More Appliances with Type B Double-Wall Vent Connectors
444	Figure G 101.2(9) Masonry Chimney Serving Two or More Appliances with Single-Wall Metal Vent Connectors Figure G 101.2(10) Asbestos Cement Type B or Single-Wall Metal Vent System Serving Two or More Draft Hood-Equipped Appliances Figure G 101.2(11) Use of Manifolded Common Vent Connector Figure G 101.2(12) Use of Offset Common Vent
445	G 101.3 Example 1: Single Draft Hood-EquippedAppliance. Figure G 101.2(13) Multistory Gas Vent Design Procedure for Each Segment of System Figure G 101.2(14) Principles of Design of Multistory Vents Using Vent Connector and Common Vent Design Tables [See Section 803.2.13 Through Section 803.2.16]
446	G 101.4 Example 2: Single Fan-Assisted Appliance. G 101.5 Example 3: Interpolating Between Table Values. Figure G 101.3 Single Draft Hood-Equipped Appliance – Example 1 Figure G 101.4 Single Fan-Assisted Appliance – Example 2
447	G 102.0 Examples Using Common Venting Tables. G 102.1 Example 4: Common Venting Two DraftHood-Equipped Appliances. G 102.2 Example 5(a): Common Venting a DraftHood-Equipped Water Heater with a Fan-AssistedFurnace into a Type B Vent. Figure G 102.1 Common Venting Two Draft Hood-Equipped Appliances – Example 4
448	G 102.3 Example 5(b): Common Venting into an InteriorMasonry Chimney. G 102.4 Example 5(c): Common Venting into an ExteriorMasonry Chimney. Figure G 102.2 Common Venting A Draft Hood-Equipped Water Heater with a Fan-Assisted Furnace Into A Type B Double-Wall Common Vent – Example 5(A)
449	Tables Table G 102.3 Masonry Chimney Liner Dimensions with Circular Equivalents
450	G 103.0 Example of Combination Indoor and OutdoorCombustion Air Opening Design.
451	Table G 103.0 Standard Method: Required Volume, All Appliances [NFPA 54: Table A.9.3.2.1]
452	Appendix H – Example Calculation of Outdoor Air Rate H 101.0 Example Calculation of Outdoor Air Rate. H 101.1 Example Calculation.
454	Useful Tables
462	Index

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