IEEE 1036 2011

$83.96

IEEE Guide for the Application of Shunt Power Capacitors

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	2011	97

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Description

Revision Standard – Active. This guide applies to the use of 50 Hz and 60 Hz shunt power capacitor units rated 2400 Vac and above, and assemblies of such capacitors. Included are guidelines for the application, protection, and ratings of equipment for the safe and reliable utilization of shuntpower capacitors. The guide is general and intended to be basic and supplemental to specific recommendations of the manufacturer. The guide covers applications that range from simple capacitor unit utilization to complex capacitor bank situations.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	IEEE Std 1036-2010 Front Cover
3	Title page
6	Introduction Notice to users Laws and regulations Copyrights Updating of IEEE documents
7	Errata Interpretations Patents
8	Participants
11	Contents
13	Important Notice 1. Scope 2. Normative references
15	3. Definitions
16	4. Power system considerations 4.1 Capacitor benefits
18	4.1.1 Voltage support
19	4.1.2 Var support 4.1.3 Increased system capacity
21	4.1.4 Reduced system power losses
22	4.1.5 Reduced billing charges 4.2 Size and number of capacitor banks 4.2.1 Maximum size
23	4.2.2 Minimum size 4.3 Control considerations
24	5. Capacitor ratings, capabilities, and service conditions
25	5.1 Standard ratings 5.1.1 Tolerances in ratings 5.1.2 Voltage and reactive power ratings
26	5.1.3 Insulation classes 5.1.4 Frequency
27	5.2 Related capabilities 5.2.1 Operating and ambient temperatures 5.2.1.1 Minimum ambient 5.2.1.2 Effect of temperature 5.2.1.3 Design considerations
28	5.2.2 Continuous operation 5.2.2.1 Limitations on continuous operation
29	5.2.3 Momentary capabilities 5.2.3.1 Momentary power frequency overvoltage
31	5.2.3.2 Transient overcurrent 5.2.3.3 Transient overvoltage
32	5.3 Service conditions 5.3.1 Normal service conditions 5.3.2 Abnormal service conditions
33	6. Switching and switchgear considerations 6.1 Switching of capacitors
34	6.2 Switching transients 6.2.1 Energization 6.2.1.1 Energizing an isolated capacitor bank
36	6.2.1.2 Phase-to-phase insulation
38	6.2.1.3 Prestrike
39	6.2.1.4 Inrush current 6.2.1.5 Energization of back-to-back capacitor banks
42	6.2.1.6 Methods for controlling system transients during capacitor energization
43	6.2.1.7 Power quality considerations
44	6.2.1.7.1 Voltage magnification
46	6.2.1.7.2 Tripping of adjacent motor drives due to capacitor switching
48	Temporary overvoltages
49	6.2.1.7.4 Ferroresonance
51	6.2.2.2 Restrike
52	6.2.2.3 Fault clearing 6.3 Outrush current
56	6.4 Switchgear 6.4.1 Switchgear ratings
57	6.4.2 Switchgear types
58	7. Harmonics 7.1 Capacitor limitations
59	7.2 Distortion limits 7.3 Operating and application considerations
60	7.4 Harmonic “problems” 8. Surge arresters 8.1 Substation applications
61	8.2 Distribution applications
62	9. Substation shunt power capacitor bank applications 9.1 Capacitor bank connections and grounding 9.1.1 Connection and grounding considerations
63	9.1.2 Substation ground grids
66	9.2 Capacitor bank types 9.2.1 Externally fused
68	9.2.2 Internally fused capacitor banks
69	9.2.3 Fuseless capacitor banks
71	9.3 Protection 9.3.1 Capacitor fusing 9.3.1.1 External capacitor unit fusing
75	9.3.1.2 Internal capacitor element fusing
76	9.3.2 Overcurrent relaying 9.3.3 Unbalance relaying 9.3.3.1 External capacitor unit fusing
77	9.3.3.2 Internal capacitor element fusing 9.3.3.3 Fuseless capacitor bank protection
78	9.3.4 Phase voltage relays 10. Capacitor applications on distribution lines
79	10.1 Protection 10.1.1 Fusing
81	10.2 Sizing and locating capacitors
82	11. Special capacitor applications 11.1 Harmonic filters 11.2 Motor applications 11.2.1 Capacitors and motors
83	11.2.2 Motor starting
84	11.3 Surge capacitors
86	12. Inspection and maintenance 12.1 General 12.2 Safety and personnel protection 12.2.1 Clearance and grounding 12.2.2 Bulged capacitor units 12.2.3 Leaking capacitor units
87	12.2.4 Combustible fluid 12.2.5 Re-energizing 12.3 Initial inspection, measurements, and energization
88	12.4 Periodic inspection, measurements, and maintenance 12.4.1 Visual inspections 12.4.2 Physical inspection and measurements 12.4.3 Capacitor banks with excessive failures
89	12.4.4 Locating a defective capacitor unit in a fuseless capacitor bank
92	12.4.5 Locating a defective capacitor unit in an internally fused capacitor bank 12.4.5.1 Capacitor bank comprised of capacitor units in series/parallel arrangement
93	12.4.5.2 Capacitor bank comprised of capacitor units connected directly in parallel 12.5 Field testing 12.5.1 Tests to check the condition of a capacitor unit after it has been in service
94	12.5.1.1 Capacitance 12.5.1.2 Terminal-to-terminal resistance 12.5.1.3 Terminal-to-case resistance
95	12.5.1.4 Leak test
96	Annex A (informative) Bibliography