IEEE 1110 2003

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IEEE Guide for Synchronous Generator Modeling Practices and Applications in Power System Stability Analyses

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IEEE	2003	81

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Revision Standard – Active. Revision of IEEE Std 1110-1991. Reaffirmed September 2007. Categorizes three direct-axis and four quadrature-axis models, along with the basic transient reactance model. Discusses some of the assumptions made in using various models and presents the fundamental equations and concepts involved in generator/system interfacing. Covers, generally, the various attributes of power system stability, recognizing two basic approaches. The first is categorized under large disturbance nonlinear analysis; the second approach considers small disturbances, where the corresponding dynamic equations are linearized. Applications of a range of generator models are discussed and treated. The manner in which generator saturation is treated in stability studies, both in the initialization process as well as during large or small disturbance stability analysis procedures is addressed. Saturation functions that are derived, whether from test data or by the methods, of finite elements are developed. Different saturation algorithms for calculating values of excitation and internal power angle depending upon generator terminal conditions are compared. The question of parameter determination is covered. Two approaches in accounting for generator field and excitation system base quantities are identified. Conversion factors are given for transferring field parameters from one base to another for correct generator/excitation system interface modeling, Suggestions for modeling of negative field currents and other field circuit discontinuities are included.

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PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	IEEE Std 1110-2002 Cover
2	Title Page
3	Abstract/Keywords
5	Introduction
6	Participants
8	CONTENTS
10	1. Overview and objectives 1.1 Introduction
11	1.2 Specialized problems in stability not discussed in this guide 1.3 Overview of the guide 2. References
12	3. Classification of power system stability and synchronous machine modeling requirements 3.1 General background 3.2 Rotor-angle stability
13	3.3 Voltage stability 3.4 Frequency stability
14	3.5 Modeling requirements for synchronous machines
15	4. Types of models available 4.1 Introduction
18	4.2 Terminology
19	4.3 Direct-axis model structures
23	4.4 Quadrature-axis model structures
25	4.5 Constant-voltage-behind-reactance model 4.6 Field-winding per-unit systems
26	4.7 Generator to power system interfacing 5. Application of generator models in stability studies 5.1 General
27	5.2 Modeling considerations based on categories of stability 5.2.1 Transient stability
28	5.2.2 Small-disturbance angle stability 5.2.3 Voltage stability
29	5.2.4 Frequency stability 5.3 Modeling considerations based on rotor structure 5.3.1 Salient-pole generators
30	5.3.2 Round-rotor generators 5.4 Use of simplified models 5.4.1 Neglect of damper circuits
31	5.4.2 Classical model 6. Representation of saturation and its effect on synchronous generator performance 6.1 General 6.2 Representation of synchronous generator saturation in the steady state
32	6.2.1 Use of one saturation factor (or increment)
33	6.2.2 Use of two saturation factors
35	6.2.3 Cross-magnetizing phenomenon 6.3 Representation of saturation effect during large disturbances 6.3.1 Current approaches and assumptions
36	6.3.2 Adjustment of parameters during large disturbances
37	6.4 Generator saturation in small-disturbance modeling 6.4.1 General comments and theoretical background
39	7. Determination of generator stability parameters 7.1 Introduction
41	7.2 Parameter determination by tests 7.2.1 Models structures and parameterization
45	7.2.2 Three-phase, no-load, sudden-short-circuit test
48	7.2.3 Decrement tests (load rejection)
50	7.2.4 Standstill-frequency-response tests
55	7.3 Parameters derived by manufacturers 7.3.1 Manufacturers’ current procedures
56	7.3.2 Possible alternatives to present practices for providing machine parameters 7.4 Data translation
58	7.4.1 From operational inductances to equivalent circuits
59	7.4.2 From short-circuit parameters to equivalent circuits
60	7.4.3 From equivalent circuits to operational inductances and dynamic reactances
63	7.4.4 Comparison of the numerical and analytical determination of time constants and dynamic reactances from equivalent circuits
65	Annex A (informative) Bibliography
71	Annex B (normative) List of main symbols
74	Annex C (informative) Calculation of generator electrical torque or power
76	Annex D (informative) Procedures in a widely used stability program to account for saturation when adjusting mutual reactances
80	Annex E (informative) Sample matlab listing

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Standard Title	IEEE Guide for Synchronous Generator Modeling Practices and Applications in Power System Stability Analyses
Published Code	IEEE
Publication Date	2003
Pages Count	81

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