IEEE 1278.1-2012

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IEEE Standard for Distributed Interactive Simulation–Application Protocols

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	2012	747

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Description

Revision Standard – Active. Data messages, known as Protocol Data Units (PDUs), that are exchanged on a network among simulation applications are defined. These PDUs are for interactions that take place within specified domains called protocol families, which include Entity Information/Interaction, Warfare, Logistics, Simulation Management, Distributed Emission Regeneration, Radio Communications, Entity Management, Minefield, Synthetic Environment, Simulation Management with Reliability, Information Operations, Live Entity Information/Interaction, and Non-Real-Time protocol.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	IEEE Std 1278.1-2012 Front Cover
3	Title Page
6	Notice to users Laws and regulations Copyrights Updating of IEEE documents Errata
7	Patents
8	Participants
14	Introduction
17	Contents
19	Important Notice 1 Overview 1.1 General 1.2 Scope
20	1.3 Purpose 1.4 Terminology 1.5 Conventions used in this document 1.6 Key concepts 1.6.1 Introduction
21	1.6.2 Basic architecture concepts 1.6.3 Coordinate systems 1.6.3.1 World coordinate system
22	1.6.3.2 Entity coordinate system
23	1.6.3.3 Entity velocity and acceleration vectors 1.6.3.4 Object coordinate system
25	1.6.4 Communication services 1.6.5 Functional areas for DIS
28	2 Normative references
29	3 Definitions, special terms, acronyms, and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions
37	3.2 Special terms
39	3.3 Acronyms and abbreviations
44	4 General requirements 4.1 General 4.2 DIS exercise 4.2.1 General 4.2.2 General requirements 4.2.3 Simulations 4.2.3.1 General 4.2.3.2 Single simulation
45	4.2.3.3 Serial simulations 4.2.4 Enumerations 4.2.5 Objects 4.2.5.1 General 4.2.5.2 Object identifiers
47	4.2.5.3 Other identifiers 4.2.5.4 Simulation address 4.2.5.5 Reference number
48	4.2.5.6 Primary and secondary object IDs 4.2.5.7 Object interactions
49	4.2.5.8 Identifier number assignments
52	4.2.6 Heartbeat PDUs 4.2.6.1 General
54	4.2.6.2 General requirements
55	4.2.6.3 Mixed heartbeat environments 4.2.7 Timeouts 4.2.7.1 General 4.2.7.2 General requirements 4.2.7.3 Mixed heartbeat timeout environments
56	4.2.8 Thresholds 4.2.8.1 General 4.2.8.2 Entity thresholds 4.2.8.3 Other thresholds
58	4.2.9 DIS gateways 4.2.10 Protocol versions
59	4.3 Issuing simulation 4.4 Issuance of PDUs 4.5 Receipt of PDUs 4.6 Time 4.6.1 General
60	4.6.2 Simulation time 4.6.3 Timestamp
62	4.6.4 Synchronization
64	4.6.5 Timestamp validation 4.6.6 Dead reckoning
65	4.6.7 PDU absolute time synchronization service
66	5 PDUs for DIS 5.1 Purpose 5.2 PDU Header 5.2.1 General 5.2.2 Protocol version 5.2.3 DIS exercise identification 5.2.4 Families and types of PDUs
68	5.2.5 Timestamp
69	5.2.6 Length of PDU 5.2.7 PDU status record 5.3 Entity information/interaction 5.3.1 General 5.3.2 Entity State PDU 5.3.2.1 Purpose 5.3.2.2 Information contained in the Entity State PDU
70	5.3.2.3 Dead reckoning 5.3.2.3.1 Introduction 5.3.2.3.2 Dead reckoning and the issuing entity
71	5.3.2.3.3 Dead reckoning and the receiving entity 5.3.2.3.4 Dead reckoning algorithms 5.3.2.3.5 Dead reckoning of frozen entities 5.3.2.4 Issuance of the Entity State PDU
72	5.3.2.5 Receipt of the Entity State PDU 5.3.2.6 Guise function 5.3.2.6.1 General 5.3.2.6.2 Issuing entity actions
73	5.3.2.6.3 Receiving entity actions 5.3.2.6.4 Example of Guise function 5.3.3 Collision PDU 5.3.3.1 Purpose 5.3.3.2 Collision event 5.3.3.3 Information contained in the Collision PDU
74	5.3.3.4 Issuance of the Collision PDU 5.3.3.5 Receipt of the Collision PDU 5.3.4 Collision-Elastic PDU 5.3.4.1 Purpose
75	5.3.4.2 Collision-elastic event initiation 5.3.4.3 Collision-elastic event termination 5.3.4.4 Algorithm for collision-elastic computation
76	5.3.4.5 Information contained in a Collision-Elastic PDU 5.3.4.6 Issuance of the Collision-Elastic PDU
77	5.3.4.7 Receipt of the Collision-Elastic PDU 5.3.4.8 Arbitration of collision parameters 5.3.4.9 State information for Newtonian collision simulations
79	5.3.5 Entity State Update PDU 5.3.5.1 Purpose 5.3.5.2 Information contained in an Entity State Update PDU 5.3.5.3 Issuance of the Entity State Update PDU
80	5.3.5.4 Receipt of the Entity State Update PDU 5.3.6 Attribute PDU 5.3.6.1 Purpose
81	5.3.6.2 Information contained in the Attribute PDU 5.3.6.3 Issuance of the Attribute PDU
83	5.3.6.4 Receipt of the Attribute PDU 5.4 Warfare 5.4.1 General 5.4.2 General requirements
85	5.4.3 Fire PDU 5.4.3.1 Purpose 5.4.3.2 Information contained in the Fire PDU
86	5.4.3.3 Issuance of the Fire PDU
87	5.4.3.4 Receipt of the Fire PDU 5.4.4 Detonation PDU 5.4.4.1 Purpose
88	5.4.4.2 Information contained in the Detonation PDU
89	5.4.4.3 Issuance of the Detonation PDU
92	5.4.4.4 Receipt of the Detonation PDU
93	5.4.4.5 Termination of entities 5.4.5 Directed Energy (DE) Fire PDU 5.4.5.1 Purpose
94	5.4.5.2 Information contained in the DE Fire PDU 5.4.5.3 Issuance of the DE Fire PDU
95	5.4.5.4 Receipt of the DE Fire PDU 5.4.6 Entity Damage Status PDU 5.4.6.1 Purpose
96	5.4.6.2 Information contained in the Entity Damage Status PDU 5.4.6.3 Issuance of the Entity Damage Status PDU 5.4.6.4 Receipt of the Entity Damage Status PDU
97	5.5 Logistics 5.5.1 General 5.5.2 Procedure for logistics support 5.5.3 State information for resupply service 5.5.3.1 General 5.5.3.2 Receiving entity
99	5.5.3.3 Supplying entity
100	5.5.4 State information for repair service 5.5.4.1 General 5.5.4.2 Receiving entity
101	5.5.4.3 Repairing entity
102	5.5.5 Service Request PDU 5.5.5.1 Purpose 5.5.5.2 Information contained in the Service Request PDU 5.5.5.3 Issuance of the Service Request PDU
103	5.5.5.4 Receipt of the Service Request PDU 5.5.6 Resupply Offer PDU 5.5.6.1 Purpose 5.5.6.2 Information contained in the Resupply Offer PDU 5.5.6.3 Issuance of the Resupply Offer PDU 5.5.6.4 Receipt of the Resupply Offer PDU 5.5.7 Resupply Received PDU 5.5.7.1 Purpose
104	5.5.7.2 Information contained in the Resupply Received PDU 5.5.7.3 Issuance of the Resupply Received PDU 5.5.7.4 Receipt of the Resupply Received PDU 5.5.8 Resupply Cancel PDU 5.5.8.1 Purpose 5.5.8.2 Information contained in the Resupply Cancel PDU 5.5.8.3 Issuance of the Resupply Cancel PDU 5.5.8.4 Receipt of the Resupply Cancel PDU 5.5.9 Example of resupply service
105	5.5.10 Repair Complete PDU 5.5.10.1 Purpose 5.5.10.2 Information contained in the Repair Complete PDU
106	5.5.10.3 Issuance of the Repair Complete PDU 5.5.10.4 Receipt of the Repair Complete PDU 5.5.11 Repair Response PDU 5.5.11.1 Purpose 5.5.11.2 Information contained in the Repair Response PDU 5.5.11.3 Issuance of the Repair Response PDU 5.5.11.4 Receipt of the Repair Response PDU 5.5.12 Cancellation of repair service 5.5.13 Example of repair service
107	5.6 Simulation management 5.6.1 General
108	5.6.2 Simulation Management PDU Header 5.6.2.1 Introduction 5.6.2.2 PDU Header field 5.6.2.3 Originating ID field 5.6.2.4 Receiving ID field
109	5.6.2.5 Receipt of PDUs and the Receiving ID field
110	5.6.3 The simulation management computer
111	5.6.4 Simulation management functions 5.6.5 Simulation Management PDUs 5.6.5.1 General 5.6.5.2 Create Entity PDU 5.6.5.2.1 Purpose 5.6.5.2.2 Information contained in the Create Entity PDU
112	5.6.5.2.3 Issuance of the Create Entity PDU 5.6.5.2.4 Receipt of the Create Entity PDU 5.6.5.3 Remove Entity PDU 5.6.5.3.1 Purpose 5.6.5.3.2 Information contained in the Remove Entity PDU 5.6.5.3.3 Issuance of the Remove Entity PDU
113	5.6.5.3.4 Receipt of the Remove Entity PDU 5.6.5.4 Start/Resume PDU 5.6.5.4.1 Purpose 5.6.5.4.2 Information contained in the Start/Resume PDU 5.6.5.4.3 Issuance of the Start/Resume PDU
114	5.6.5.4.4 Receipt of the Start/Resume PDU
115	5.6.5.5 Stop/Freeze PDU 5.6.5.5.1 Purpose 5.6.5.5.2 Information contained in the Stop/Freeze PDU 5.6.5.5.3 Internal state of a frozen entity 5.6.5.5.4 Issuance of the Stop/Freeze PDU 5.6.5.5.5 Receipt of the Stop/Freeze PDU
116	5.6.5.6 Acknowledge PDU 5.6.5.6.1 Purpose 5.6.5.6.2 Information contained in the Acknowledge PDU 5.6.5.6.3 Issuance of the Acknowledge PDU
117	5.6.5.6.4 Receipt of the Acknowledge PDU 5.6.5.7 Action Request PDU 5.6.5.7.1 Purpose 5.6.5.7.2 Information contained in the Action Request PDU 5.6.5.7.3 Issuance of the Action Request PDU 5.6.5.7.4 Receipt of the Action Request PDU
118	5.6.5.8 Action Response PDU 5.6.5.8.1 Purpose 5.6.5.8.2 Information contained in the Action Response PDU 5.6.5.8.3 Issuance of the Action Response PDU 5.6.5.8.4 Receipt of the Action Response PDU 5.6.5.9 Data Query PDU 5.6.5.9.1 Purpose
119	5.6.5.9.2 Information contained in the Data Query PDU 5.6.5.9.3 Issuance of the Data Query PDU 5.6.5.9.4 Receipt of the Data Query PDU 5.6.5.10 Set Data PDU 5.6.5.10.1 Purpose 5.6.5.10.2 Information contained in the Set Data PDU
120	5.6.5.10.3 Issuance of the Set Data PDU 5.6.5.10.4 Receipt of the Set Data PDU 5.6.5.11 Data PDU 5.6.5.11.1 Purpose 5.6.5.11.2 Information contained in the Data PDU 5.6.5.11.3 Issuance of the Data PDU
121	5.6.5.11.4 Receipt of the Data PDU
122	5.6.5.12 Event Report PDU 5.6.5.12.1 Purpose 5.6.5.12.2 Information contained in the Event Report PDU 5.6.5.12.3 Issuance of the Event Report PDU 5.6.5.12.4 Receipt of the Event Report PDU 5.6.5.13 Comment PDU 5.6.5.13.1 Purpose 5.6.5.13.2 Information contained in the Comment PDU
123	5.6.5.13.3 Issuance of the Comment PDU 5.6.5.13.4 Receipt of the Comment PDU 5.6.6 Entity/exercise management 5.6.6.1 General 5.6.6.2 Entity creation 5.6.6.2.1 General 5.6.6.2.2 Entity creation, query, and initialization
124	5.6.6.2.3 Entity creation and initialization
125	5.6.6.2.4 Entity creation 5.6.6.3 Changing entity parameters
126	5.6.6.4 Starting or stopping an entity 5.6.6.4.1 General 5.6.6.4.2 Change of frozen behavior 5.6.6.5 Removing an entity from an exercise
127	5.6.6.6 Requesting an entity or simulation to perform an action
128	5.6.6.7 Event recording 5.6.7 Data management 5.6.7.1 General 5.6.7.2 Request for data
129	5.6.7.3 Setting or changing internal state values
130	5.6.7.4 Entity reconstitution 5.7 Distributed emission regeneration 5.7.1 General
131	5.7.2 Distributed emission regeneration approach 5.7.3 Electromagnetic Emission (EE) PDU 5.7.3.1 Purpose 5.7.3.2 Information contained in the EE PDU
132	5.7.3.3 Issuance of the EE PDU 5.7.3.3.1 General 5.7.3.3.2 Issuance timing requirements
133	5.7.3.3.3 Other issuance requirements
134	5.7.3.3.4 Issuance methods
136	5.7.3.4 Receipt of the EE PDU
137	5.7.3.5 Emission regeneration 5.7.3.6 Beam and emitter system activation and deactivation 5.7.3.7 Track/jam targets
138	5.7.3.8 Jamming
139	5.7.3.9 Phased array radars 5.7.3.10 Supplementing the EE PDU 5.7.4 Designator PDU 5.7.4.1 Purpose 5.7.4.2 Information contained in a Designator PDU 5.7.4.3 Issuance of the Designator PDU
140	5.7.4.4 Receipt of the Designator PDU 5.7.5 Underwater Acoustic (UA) PDU 5.7.5.1 Purpose 5.7.5.2 Information contained in the UA PDU
141	5.7.5.3 Issuance of the UA PDU
142	5.7.5.4 Receipt of the UA PDU 5.7.5.5 UA emission regeneration
143	5.7.6 Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) PDU 5.7.6.1 Purpose
147	5.7.6.2 Information contained in an IFF PDU 5.7.6.3 Issuance of the IFF PDU
150	5.7.6.4 Receipt of the IFF PDU
151	5.7.6.5 Interactive Mode 5.7.6.5.1 General
152	5.7.6.5.2 General requirements
153	5.7.6.5.3 Issuance rules
154	5.7.6.5.4 Receipt rules 5.7.7 Supplemental Emission/Entity State (SEES) PDU 5.7.7.1 Purpose 5.7.7.2 Information contained in the SEES PDU
155	5.7.7.3 Issuance of the SEES PDU 5.7.7.4 Receipt of the SEES PDU
156	5.8 Radio and intercom communications 5.8.1 General 5.8.2 Radio communications approach
157	5.8.3 Transmitter PDU 5.8.3.1 Purpose 5.8.3.2 Information contained in the Transmitter PDU 5.8.3.3 Issuance of the Transmitter PDU
160	5.8.3.4 Receipt of the Transmitter PDU
161	5.8.4 Signal PDU 5.8.4.1 Purpose 5.8.4.2 Information contained in the Signal PDU
162	5.8.4.3 Issuance of the Signal PDU 5.8.4.3.1 General issuance requirements
163	5.8.4.3.2 Field-specific requirements
164	5.8.4.4 Receipt of the Signal PDU 5.8.5 Receiver PDU 5.8.5.1 Purpose 5.8.5.2 Information contained in the Receiver PDU
165	5.8.5.3 Issuance of the Receiver PDU 5.8.5.4 Receipt of the Receiver PDU 5.8.6 Intercom Signal PDU 5.8.6.1 Introduction 5.8.6.2 Purpose 5.8.6.3 Information contained in the Intercom Signal PDU
166	5.8.6.4 Issuance of the Intercom Signal PDU 5.8.6.5 Receipt of the Intercom Signal PDU 5.8.7 Intercom Control PDU 5.8.7.1 Purpose 5.8.7.2 Information contained in the Intercom Control PDU
167	5.8.7.3 Issuance of the Intercom Control PDU
168	5.8.7.4 Receipt of the Intercom Control PDU 5.9 Entity management 5.9.1 General 5.9.2 Aggregation 5.9.2.1 General 5.9.2.2 Aggregate State PDU 5.9.2.2.1 Purpose
169	5.9.2.2.2 Information contained in the Aggregate State PDU 5.9.2.2.3 Issuance of the Aggregate State PDU
170	5.9.2.2.4 Receipt of the Aggregate State PDU 5.9.2.3 Action Request PDU 5.9.2.3.1 Purpose 5.9.2.3.2 Information contained in the Action Request PDU 5.9.2.3.3 Issuance of the Action Request PDU
171	5.9.2.3.4 Receipt of the Action Request PDU 5.9.2.4 Action Response PDU 5.9.2.4.1 Purpose 5.9.2.4.2 Information contained in the Action Response PDU 5.9.2.4.3 Issuance of the Action Response PDU 5.9.2.4.4 Receipt of the Action Response PDU 5.9.2.5 Event Report PDU 5.9.2.5.1 Purpose 5.9.2.5.2 Information contained in the Event Report PDU
172	5.9.2.5.3 Issuance of the Event Report PDU 5.9.2.5.4 Receipt of the Event Report PDU 5.9.2.6 Aggregate states
173	5.9.2.7 Aggregate hierarchy 5.9.2.8 Dead reckoning 5.9.2.9 Correlation issues 5.9.2.9.1 General 5.9.2.9.2 Fields to correlate 5.9.2.9.3 Timing to correlate
174	5.9.2.9.4 Entities to correlate 5.9.2.9.5 Example of a correlation method 5.9.2.10 Changing the state of an aggregate (simulation initiated) 5.9.2.11 Changing the state of an aggregate (aggregate initiated)
175	5.9.3 IsGroupOf PDU 5.9.3.1 Purpose 5.9.3.2 Issuers of the IsGroupOf PDU 5.9.3.3 Information contained in the IsGroupOf PDU
176	5.9.3.4 Issuance of the IsGroupOf PDU 5.9.3.4.1 General 5.9.3.4.2 Issuance of a new IsGroupOf PDU by a node server 5.9.3.4.3 Issuance of a new IsGroupOf PDU by a CGF application 5.9.3.5 Receipt of the IsGroupOf PDU 5.9.3.5.1 General 5.9.3.5.2 Receipt of the IsGroupOf PDU by a simulation application 5.9.3.5.3 Receipt of the IsGroupOf PDU by a node server
177	5.9.3.6 Dead reckoning 5.9.4 Transfer ownership 5.9.4.1 General
178	5.9.4.2 Transfer ownership rules 5.9.4.2.1 General rules
184	5.9.4.2.2 Push Transfer
186	5.9.4.2.3 Pull Transfer
189	5.9.4.2.4 Transfer ownership timers 5.9.4.3 Related PDUs 5.9.4.4 Related records
190	5.9.5 IsPartOf PDU 5.9.5.1 Purpose 5.9.5.2 Information contained in the IsPartOf PDU
191	5.9.5.3 Issuance of the IsPartOf PDU 5.9.5.4 Receipt of the IsPartOf PDU 5.9.5.4.1 General 5.9.5.4.2 Munition parts 5.9.5.5 Acknowledgment of the IsPartOf PDU
192	5.9.6 Entity separation 5.9.6.1 General 5.9.6.2 Component representation
193	5.9.6.3 Nonweapon separation 5.9.6.4 Weapon separation
194	5.10 Minefield 5.10.1 General 5.10.2 Minefield State PDU 5.10.2.1 Purpose 5.10.2.2 Information contained in the Minefield State PDU
195	5.10.2.3 Issuance of the Minefield State PDU 5.10.2.4 Receipt of the Minefield State PDU
196	5.10.3 Minefield Query PDU 5.10.3.1 Purpose 5.10.3.2 Information contained in the Minefield Query PDU 5.10.3.3 Issuance of the Minefield Query PDU 5.10.3.4 Receipt of the Minefield Query PDU
197	5.10.4 Minefield Data PDU 5.10.4.1 Purpose 5.10.4.2 Information contained in the Minefield Data PDU 5.10.4.3 Issuance of the Minefield Data PDU 5.10.4.3.1 General
198	5.10.4.3.2 Heartbeat mode issuance criteria 5.10.4.3.3 QRP mode issuance criteria
199	5.10.4.4 Receipt of the Minefield Data PDU 5.10.4.4.1 Receipt of the Minefield Data PDU in heartbeat mode 5.10.4.4.2 Receipt of the Minefield Data PDU in QRP Mode 5.10.4.5 Minefield data order
200	5.10.5 Minefield Response Negative Acknowledgment (NACK) PDU 5.10.5.1 Purpose 5.10.5.2 Information contained in the Minefield Response NACK PDU 5.10.5.3 Issuance of the Minefield Response NACK PDU
201	5.10.5.4 Receipt of the Minefield Response NACK PDU 5.11 Synthetic Environment 5.11.1 General 5.11.2 Process approach to synthetic environment simulations 5.11.2.1 General 5.11.2.2 Environmental Process PDU 5.11.2.2.1 Purpose
202	5.11.2.2.2 Information contained in the Environmental Process PDU 5.11.2.2.3 Dead reckoning
203	5.11.2.2.4 Issuance of the Environmental Process PDU 5.11.2.2.5 Receipt of the Environmental Process PDU
204	5.11.2.2.6 Initiation and hand-off of environmental processes 5.11.2.3 Gridded Data PDU 5.11.2.3.1 Purpose 5.11.2.3.2 Information contained in the Gridded Data PDU 5.11.2.3.3 Dead reckoning 5.11.2.3.4 Grid axis and point order
205	5.11.2.3.5 Issuance of the Gridded Data PDU 5.11.2.3.6 Receipt of the Gridded Data PDU
206	5.11.3 Object approach to synthetic environment simulations 5.11.3.1 General 5.11.3.2 Point Object State PDU 5.11.3.2.1 Purpose 5.11.3.2.2 Information contained in the Point Object State PDU 5.11.3.2.3 Issuance of the Point Object State PDU
207	5.11.3.2.4 Receipt of the Point Object State PDU 5.11.3.3 Linear Object State PDU 5.11.3.3.1 Purpose 5.11.3.3.2 Information contained in the Linear Object State PDU
208	5.11.3.3.3 Issuance of the Linear Object State PDU 5.11.3.3.4 Receipt of the Linear Object State PDU 5.11.3.4 Areal Object State PDU 5.11.3.4.1 Purpose 5.11.3.4.2 Information contained in the Areal Object State PDU
209	5.11.3.4.3 Issuance of the Areal Object State PDU 5.11.3.4.4 Receipt of the Areal Object State PDU 5.12 Simulation management with reliability 5.12.1 General
210	5.12.2 Simulation management transactions 5.12.3 Simulation management reliability levels 5.12.3.1 General
211	5.12.3.2 Procedure for acknowledged simulation management service 5.12.3.2.1 General 5.12.3.2.2 Tracking transaction respondents 5.12.3.2.3 Acknowledged simulation management service timers 5.12.3.2.4 TI behavior during acknowledged service
213	5.12.3.2.5 TR behavior during acknowledged service
214	5.12.3.3 Procedure for unacknowledged simulation management service 5.12.4 Simulation Management with Reliability PDUs 5.12.4.1 General 5.12.4.2 Create Entity-R PDU 5.12.4.2.1 Purpose 5.12.4.2.2 Information contained in the Create Entity-R PDU
215	5.12.4.2.3 Issuance of the Create Entity-R PDU 5.12.4.2.4 Receipt of the Create Entity-R PDU 5.12.4.3 Remove Entity-R PDU 5.12.4.3.1 Purpose 5.12.4.3.2 Information contained in the Remove Entity-R PDU 5.12.4.3.3 Issuance of the Remove Entity-R PDU 5.12.4.3.4 Receipt of the Remove Entity-R PDU
216	5.12.4.4 Start/Resume-R PDU 5.12.4.4.1 Purpose 5.12.4.4.2 Information contained in the Start/Resume-R PDU 5.12.4.4.3 Issuance of the Start/Resume-R PDU 5.12.4.4.4 Receipt of the Start/Resume-R PDU
217	5.12.4.5 Stop/Freeze-R PDU 5.12.4.5.1 Purpose 5.12.4.5.2 Information contained in the Stop/Freeze-R PDU 5.12.4.5.3 Internal state of a frozen entity 5.12.4.5.4 Issuance of the Stop/Freeze-R PDU 5.12.4.5.5 Receipt of the Stop/Freeze-R PDU
218	5.12.4.6 Acknowledge-R PDU 5.12.4.6.1 Purpose 5.12.4.6.2 Information contained in the Acknowledge-R PDU 5.12.4.6.3 Issuance of the Acknowledge-R PDU 5.12.4.6.4 Receipt of the Acknowledge-R PDU 5.12.4.7 Action Request-R PDU 5.12.4.7.1 Purpose 5.12.4.7.2 Information contained in the Action Request-R PDU 5.12.4.7.3 Issuance of the Action Request-R PDU
219	5.12.4.7.4 Receipt of the Action Request-R PDU 5.12.4.8 Action Response-R PDU 5.12.4.8.1 Purpose 5.12.4.8.2 Information contained in the Action Response-R PDU 5.12.4.8.3 Issuance of the Action Response-R PDU 5.12.4.8.4 Receipt of the Action Response-R PDU 5.12.4.9 Data Query-R PDU 5.12.4.9.1 Purpose
220	5.12.4.9.2 Information contained in the Data Query-R PDU 5.12.4.9.3 Issuance of the Data Query-R PDU 5.12.4.9.4 Receipt of the Data Query-R PDU 5.12.4.10 Set Data-R PDU 5.12.4.10.1 Purpose 5.12.4.10.2 Information contained in the Set Data-R PDU 5.12.4.10.3 Issuance of the Set Data-R PDU 5.12.4.10.4 Receipt of the Set Data-R PDU
221	5.12.4.11 Data-R PDU 5.12.4.11.1 Purpose 5.12.4.11.2 Information contained in the Data-R PDU 5.12.4.11.3 Issuance of the Data-R PDU 5.12.4.11.4 Receipt of the Data-R PDU 5.12.4.12 Event Report-R PDU 5.12.4.12.1 Purpose
222	5.12.4.12.2 Information contained in the Event Report-R PDU 5.12.4.12.3 Issuance of the Event Report-R PDU 5.12.4.12.4 Receipt of the Event Report-R PDU 5.12.4.13 Comment-R PDU 5.12.4.13.1 Purpose 5.12.4.13.2 Information contained in the Comment-R PDU 5.12.4.13.3 Issuance of the Comment-R PDU 5.12.4.13.4 Receipt of the Comment-R PDU 5.12.4.14 Record Query-R PDU 5.12.4.14.1 Purpose 5.12.4.14.2 Information contained in the Record Query-R PDU
223	5.12.4.14.3 Issuance of the Record Query-R PDU 5.12.4.14.4 Receipt of the Record Query-R PDU 5.12.4.15 Set Record-R PDU 5.12.4.15.1 Purpose 5.12.4.15.2 Information contained in the Set Record-R PDU
224	5.12.4.15.3 Issuance of the Set Record-R PDU 5.12.4.15.4 Receipt of the Set Record-R PDU 5.12.4.16 Record-R PDU 5.12.4.16.1 Purpose
225	5.12.4.16.2 Information contained in the Record-R PDU 5.12.4.16.3 Issuance of the Record-R PDU 5.12.4.16.4 Receipt of the Record-R PDU
226	5.12.5 Entity/exercise management 5.12.5.1 General 5.12.5.2 Creating a new entity 5.12.5.2.1 General 5.12.5.2.2 (First method) Entity creation, query, and initialization
227	5.12.5.2.3 (Second method) Entity creation and initialization
228	5.12.5.2.4 (Third method) Entity creation 5.12.5.3 Changing entity parameters
229	5.12.5.4 Starting or stopping an entity 5.12.5.4.1 General 5.12.5.4.2 Change of frozen behavior
230	5.12.5.5 Removing an entity from an exercise 5.12.5.6 Requesting an entity to perform an action
231	5.12.5.7 Recording an event 5.12.6 Data management 5.12.6.1 General 5.12.6.2 Requesting data
232	5.12.6.3 Setting or changing internal state values
233	5.12.6.4 Reconstituting an entity
234	5.13 Information operations 5.13.1 General 5.13.2 General requirements 5.13.3 Information Operations (IO) Action PDU 5.13.3.1 General
235	5.13.3.2 Information contained in the IO Action PDU 5.13.3.3 Issuance of the IO Action PDU 5.13.3.4 Receipt of the IO Action PDU
236	5.13.4 Information Operations (IO) Report PDU 5.13.4.1 General 5.13.4.2 Information contained in the IO Report PDU 5.13.4.3 Issuance of the IO Report PDU
237	5.13.4.4 Receipt of the IO Report PDU 6 Detailed requirements 6.1 Representation of data 6.1.1 General 6.1.2 Octet ordering
239	6.1.3 Enumeration representation 6.1.4 Booleans 6.1.5 Number representation 6.1.5.1 General 6.1.5.2 Floating point numbers 6.1.5.3 Integers
240	6.1.6 Bit field records 6.1.7 Padding 6.1.8 Symbolic names
246	6.2 Basic data types and records 6.2.1 General 6.2.2 Acoustic Emitter System record
247	6.2.3 Aggregate Identifier record
248	6.2.4 Aggregate Marking record 6.2.5 Aggregate Type record
249	6.2.6 Angle representation 6.2.7 Angular Velocity Vector record 6.2.8 Antenna Pattern record 6.2.8.1 General
250	6.2.8.2 Beam Antenna Pattern record
251	6.2.9 Association record
252	6.2.10 Attribute record
253	6.2.11 Beam Data record
255	6.2.12 Beam Status record
256	6.2.13 Change/Options record 6.2.14 Clock Time record 6.2.15 Damage Description records 6.2.15.1 General 6.2.15.2 Directed Energy Damage Description record
258	6.2.16 Data Filter record
259	6.2.17 Data Query Datum Specification record 6.2.18 Datum Specification record
261	6.2.19 Descriptor records 6.2.19.1 General 6.2.19.2 Munition Descriptor record
262	6.2.19.3 Explosion Descriptor record
263	6.2.19.4 Expendable Descriptor record 6.2.20 Directed Energy (DE) records 6.2.20.1 General
264	6.2.20.2 DE Area Aimpoint record
265	6.2.20.3 DE Precision Aimpoint record
267	6.2.20.4 DE Target Energy Deposition record
268	6.2.21 EE Attribute records 6.2.21.1 Blanking Sector attribute record 6.2.21.1.1 General
269	6.2.21.1.2 Record definition
270	6.2.21.1.3 Issuance rules
271	6.2.21.1.4 Receipt rules 6.2.21.2 Angle Deception attribute record 6.2.21.2.1 General
272	6.2.21.2.2 Record definition
274	6.2.21.2.3 Issuance rules
275	6.2.21.2.4 Receipt rules 6.2.21.3 False Targets attribute record 6.2.21.3.1 General 6.2.21.3.2 Record definition
278	6.2.21.3.3 Issuance rules 6.2.21.3.4 Receipt rules 6.2.22 EE Fundamental Parameter Data record
280	6.2.23 Emitter System record
281	6.2.24 Engine Fuel record
282	6.2.25 Engine Fuel Reload record
283	6.2.26 Entity Appearance record 6.2.27 Entity Capabilities record 6.2.28 Entity Identifier record
284	6.2.29 Entity Marking record 6.2.30 Entity Type record
285	6.2.31 Environment record 6.2.31.1 General
286	6.2.31.2 Geometry record 6.2.31.3 State record
287	6.2.32 Euler Angles record 6.2.33 Event Identifier record 6.2.33.1 General 6.2.33.2 Event identification 6.2.33.3 Record format
289	6.2.34 Exercise identifier 6.2.35 Expendable record
290	6.2.36 Expendable Reload record
292	6.2.37 Fixed Datum record 6.2.38 Force identification 6.2.39 Fundamental Operational Data record
293	6.2.40 Grid Axis Descriptor record
296	6.2.41 Grid Data record
298	6.2.42 Group identifier
299	6.2.43 IFF Data Specification record
300	6.2.44 IFF Fundamental Parameter Data record
301	6.2.45 Information Layers record
302	6.2.46 Intercom Communications Parameters record
303	6.2.47 Intercom Identifier record 6.2.48 IO records 6.2.48.1 General 6.2.48.2 IO Communications Node record
304	6.2.48.3 IO Effect record
305	6.2.48.4 Communications Node ID record
306	6.2.49 Jamming Technique record 6.2.50 Launched Munition record
308	6.2.51 Layer Header record 6.2.52 Linear Segment Parameter record
310	6.2.53 Live Entity Identifier record 6.2.54 Live Simulation Address record 6.2.54.1 General
311	6.2.54.2 Live site number 6.2.54.3 Live application number
312	6.2.55 Mine Entity Identifier record 6.2.56 Minefield Identifier record
313	6.2.57 Minefield Sensor Type record 6.2.58 Modulation Parameters record
314	6.2.59 Modulation Type record
315	6.2.60 Munition record
316	6.2.61 Munition Reload record
318	6.2.62 Named Location Identification record 6.2.63 Object Identifier record
319	6.2.64 Object Type record
320	6.2.65 Ownership Status record 6.2.66 PDU Header record
321	6.2.67 PDU Status record
323	6.2.68 Propulsion System Data record
324	6.2.69 Protocol Mode 6.2.70 Radio Identifier record
325	6.2.71 Radio Type record
326	6.2.72 Record Query Specification record
327	6.2.73 Record Specification record
328	6.2.74 Relationship record
329	6.2.75 Request ID 6.2.76 Secondary Operational Data record 6.2.77 Sensor record
331	6.2.78 Service type 6.2.79 Silent Entity System record
332	6.2.80 Simulation Address record 6.2.80.1 General 6.2.80.2 Site number
333	6.2.80.3 Application number 6.2.81 Simulation Identifier record
334	6.2.82 Simulation Management PDU Header record
335	6.2.83 Standard Variable Specification record
337	6.2.84 Storage Fuel record
338	6.2.85 Storage Fuel Reload record
340	6.2.86 Supply Quantity record 6.2.87 System Identifier record
341	6.2.88 Timestamp 6.2.88.1 General 6.2.88.2 Timestamp format 6.2.88.2.1 Absolute timestamp 6.2.88.2.2 Relative timestamp 6.2.88.2.3 Scale 6.2.89 Total Record Sets record
342	6.2.90 Track/Jam Data record
343	6.2.91 UA Fundamental Parameter Data record
344	6.2.92 Unattached Identifier record 6.2.93 Variable Datum record
345	6.2.94 Variable Parameter record 6.2.94.1 General
346	6.2.94.2 Articulated Part VP record
347	6.2.94.3 Attached Part VP record
348	6.2.94.4 Entity Association VP Record 6.2.94.4.1 Purpose 6.2.94.4.2 General rules 6.2.94.4.3 Fields
349	6.2.94.5 Entity Type VP record
350	6.2.94.6 Separation VP record
351	6.2.95 Variable Transmitter Parameters record
352	6.2.96 Vector record
353	6.2.97 Vectoring Nozzle System Data record 6.2.98 World Coordinates record
354	6.3 General requirements 6.3.1 General 6.3.2 Alignment 6.3.3 Maximum PDU size 6.3.4 Smallest Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU)
355	6.3.5 PDU bundling 7 DIS PDU contents 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Entity Information/Interaction protocol family 7.2.1 General 7.2.2 Entity State PDU
358	7.2.3 Collision PDU
360	7.2.4 Collision-Elastic PDU
362	7.2.5 Entity State Update PDU
364	7.2.6 Attribute PDU
367	7.3 Warfare protocol family 7.3.1 General 7.3.2 Fire PDU
369	7.3.3 Detonation PDU
371	7.3.4 Directed Energy (DE) Fire PDU
373	7.3.5 Entity Damage Status PDU
375	7.4 Logistics protocol family 7.4.1 General 7.4.2 Service Request PDU
377	7.4.3 Resupply Offer PDU
378	7.4.4 Resupply Received PDU
380	7.4.5 Resupply Cancel PDU 7.4.6 Repair Complete PDU
381	7.4.7 Repair Response PDU
382	7.5 Simulation Management protocol family 7.5.1 General
383	7.5.2 Create Entity PDU 7.5.3 Remove Entity PDU
384	7.5.4 Start/Resume PDU
385	7.5.5 Stop/Freeze PDU
386	7.5.6 Acknowledge PDU
388	7.5.7 Action Request PDU
389	7.5.8 Action Response PDU
391	7.5.9 Data Query PDU
393	7.5.10 Set Data PDU
395	7.5.11 Data PDU
397	7.5.12 Event Report PDU
399	7.5.13 Comment PDU
401	7.6 Distributed Emission Regeneration protocol family 7.6.1 General 7.6.2 Electromagnetic Emission (EE) PDU
406	7.6.3 Designator PDU
408	7.6.4 Underwater Acoustic (UA) PDU
412	7.6.5 Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) PDU 7.6.5.1 General
415	7.6.5.2 Layer 1 basic system data
416	7.6.5.3 Layer 2 emissions data
418	7.6.5.4 Layer 3 Mode 5 formats 7.6.5.4.1 General 7.6.5.4.2 Layer 3 Mode 5 Interrogator Format
420	7.6.5.4.3 Layer 3 Mode 5 Transponder Format
422	7.6.5.5 Layer 4 Mode S formats 7.6.5.5.1 General 7.6.5.5.2 Layer 4 Mode S Interrogator Format
423	7.6.5.5.3 Layer 4 Mode S Transponder Format
425	7.6.5.6 Layer 5 data communications
427	7.6.5.7 Layers 6 and 7 7.6.6 Supplemental Emission/Entity State (SEES) PDU
429	7.7 Radio Communications protocol family 7.7.1 General 7.7.2 Transmitter PDU
433	7.7.3 Signal PDU
435	7.7.4 Receiver PDU
436	7.7.5 Intercom Signal PDU
438	7.7.6 Intercom Control PDU
440	7.8 Entity Management protocol family 7.8.1 General 7.8.2 Aggregate State PDU
446	7.8.3 IsGroupOf PDU
447	7.8.4 Transfer Ownership (TO) PDU
449	7.8.5 IsPartOf PDU
451	7.9 Minefield protocol family 7.9.1 General 7.9.2 Minefield State PDU
453	7.9.3 Minefield Query PDU
455	7.9.4 Minefield Data PDU
462	7.9.5 Minefield Response Negative Acknowledgment (NACK) PDU
464	7.10 Synthetic Environment protocol family 7.10.1 General 7.10.2 Environmental Process PDU
466	7.10.3 Gridded Data PDU
469	7.10.4 Point Object State PDU
471	7.10.5 Linear Object State PDU
473	7.10.6 Areal Object State PDU
475	7.11 Simulation Management with Reliability protocol family 7.11.1 General 7.11.2 Create Entity-R PDU
476	7.11.3 Remove Entity-R PDU
477	7.11.4 Start/Resume-R PDU
479	7.11.5 Stop/Freeze-R PDU
480	7.11.6 Acknowledge-R PDU
481	7.11.7 Action Request-R PDU
483	7.11.8 Action Response-R PDU
485	7.11.9 Data Query-R PDU
487	7.11.10 Set Data-R PDU
489	7.11.11 Data-R PDU
490	7.11.12 Event Report-R PDU
492	7.11.13 Comment-R PDU
494	7.11.14 Record Query-R PDU
496	7.11.15 Set Record-R PDU
497	7.11.16 Record-R PDU
499	7.12 Information Operations protocol family 7.12.1 General 7.12.2 Information Operations (IO) Action PDU
502	7.12.3 Information Operations (IO) Report PDU
504	8 Non-Real-Time protocol 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Definitions
505	8.3 Time management schemes
506	8.4 Data representation 8.5 Reliability 8.6 Time management services 8.6.1 General
507	8.6.2 Join Exercise Request service 8.6.2.1 General 8.6.2.2 Join Exercise Request before start of exercise
508	8.6.2.3 Join Exercise Request after start of exercise 8.6.2.4 Absolute timestamp synchronization
509	8.6.2.5 Information contained in the Join Exercise Request 8.6.2.6 Issuance of the Join Exercise Request 8.6.2.7 Receipt of the Join Exercise Request
510	8.6.3 Set Time Parameters service 8.6.3.1 General 8.6.3.2 Information contained in the Set Time Parameters direction 8.6.3.3 Issuance of the Set Time Parameters direction 8.6.3.4 Receipt of the Set Time Parameters direction
511	8.6.4 Time Advance Report service 8.6.4.1 General 8.6.4.2 Information contained in the Time Advance Report
512	8.6.4.3 Issuance of the Time Advance Report 8.6.4.4 Receipt of the Time Advance Report 8.6.5 Time Advance Request service 8.6.5.1 General
513	8.6.5.2 Information contained in the Time Advance Request 8.6.5.3 Issuance of the Time Advance Request 8.6.5.4 Receipt of the Time Advance Request 8.6.6 Time Advance Grant service 8.6.6.1 General
514	8.6.6.2 Information contained in the Time Advance Grant 8.6.6.3 Issuance of the Time Advance Grant 8.6.6.4 Receipt of the Time Advance Grant
515	8.6.7 Resign Exercise Request service 8.6.7.1 General 8.6.7.2 Information contained in the Resign Exercise Request
516	8.6.7.3 Issuance of the Resign Exercise Request 8.6.7.4 Receipt of the Resign Exercise Request 9 Live Entity (LE) Information/Interaction protocol 9.1 General 9.2 Architectural principles
518	9.3 Basic records 9.3.1 General 9.3.2 LE PDU Header record
519	9.3.3 Relative World Coordinates record
520	9.3.4 Position Error record 9.3.5 Orientation Error record
521	9.4 LE Information/Interaction protocol family 9.4.1 General 9.4.2 Time Space Position Information (TSPI) PDU 9.4.2.1 Purpose 9.4.2.2 Information contained in the TSPI PDU
522	9.4.2.3 Issuance of the TSPI PDU
523	9.4.2.4 Receipt of the TSPI PDU 9.4.2.5 Format of the TSPI PDU
526	9.4.3 Appearance PDU 9.4.3.1 Purpose 9.4.3.2 Information contained in the Appearance PDU
527	9.4.3.3 Issuance of the Appearance PDU
528	9.4.3.4 Receipt of the Appearance PDU 9.4.3.5 Format of the Appearance PDU
530	9.4.4 Articulated Parts PDU 9.4.4.1 Purpose
531	9.4.4.2 Information contained in the Articulated Parts PDU 9.4.4.3 Issuance of the Articulated Parts PDU 9.4.4.4 Receipt of the Articulated Parts PDU 9.4.4.5 Format of the Articulated Parts PDU
532	9.4.5 Live Entity (LE) Fire PDU 9.4.5.1 General
533	9.4.5.2 Information contained in the LE Fire PDU
534	9.4.5.3 Issuance of the LE Fire PDU 9.4.5.4 Single rounds and bursts of fire 9.4.5.5 Receipt of the LE Fire PDU
535	9.4.5.6 Format of the LE Fire PDU
537	9.4.6 Live Entity (LE) Detonation PDU 9.4.6.1 Purpose 9.4.6.2 Information contained in the LE Detonation PDU
539	9.4.6.3 Issuance of the LE Detonation PDU 9.4.6.4 Inclusion of the Entity Identifier
540	9.4.6.5 Inclusion of articulated part parameters 9.4.6.6 Termination of the existence of munition entities 9.4.6.7 Receipt of the LE Detonation PDU 9.4.6.8 Format of the LE Detonation
545	Annex A (normative) Warfare A.1 Scope A.2 Weapons A.2.1 Introduction A.2.2 Missiles A.2.2.1 Introduction A.2.2.2 Single-stage missiles and rockets A.2.2.3 Multistage missiles and rockets A.2.2.3.1 General
547	A.2.2.3.2 Multistage missile entity—no component separations A.2.2.3.3 Missile entity—component separations
548	A.2.2.3.4 End of trajectory A.2.3 Submunitions A.2.3.1 Introduction A.2.3.2 General requirements
550	A.2.3.3 Sequence of events
551	A.2.4 Directed energy A.2.4.1 Types of directed energy weapons
552	A.2.4.2 Multiresolution considerations
554	A.2.4.3 DE Precision Aimpoint record
556	Annex B (normative) Specific transponder and interrogator systems B.1 Scope B.1.1 General B.1.2 Overview
558	B.1.3 System operation B.1.3.1 General
559	B.1.3.2 Systems
560	B.1.3.3 Modes
561	B.2 Identification Friend or Foe (IFF) PDU records B.2.1 General B.2.1.1 Record list
563	B.2.1.2 Types of records B.2.1.3 Special fields B.2.1.3.1 General
564	B.2.1.3.2 Special field specifications
565	B.2.1.3.3 Layer 1 special fields B.2.1.3.4 Layer 2 special fields B.2.2 Antenna Location IFF Data record
566	B.2.3 Basic Interactive IFF Data record
567	B.2.4 Change/Options record
571	B.2.5 Crypto Control IFF Data record
572	B.2.6 DAP Source record
573	B.2.7 Delta Barometric Altitude record
574	B.2.8 Delta Mode 5 Altitude record
575	B.2.9 Enhanced Mode 1 Code record
576	B.2.10 GICB IFF Data record
577	B.2.11 Interactive Basic Mode 5 IFF Data record
578	B.2.12 Interactive Basic Mode S IFF Data record
579	B.2.13 Interactive Mode 4 Reply IFF Data record
580	B.2.14 Interactive Mode 5 Reply IFF Data record
581	B.2.15 Interrogated Modes record
582	B.2.16 Interrogator Side Lobe Suppression (ISLS) record B.2.17 Mode 1 Code record
584	B.2.18 Mode 1 Interrogator Status record B.2.19 Mode 2 Code record
585	B.2.20 Mode 2 Interrogator Status record
586	B.2.21 Mode 3/A Code record
587	B.2.22 Mode 3/A Interrogator Status record
588	B.2.23 Mode 4 Code record
589	B.2.24 Mode 4 Interrogator Status record
590	B.2.25 Mode 5 Altitude record
591	B.2.26 Mode 5 Interrogator Basic Data record
592	B.2.27 Mode 5 Interrogator Status record B.2.28 Mode 5 Message Formats record
593	B.2.29 Mode 5 Transponder Basic Data record
594	B.2.30 Mode 5 Transponder Location IFF Data record
596	B.2.31 Mode 5 Transponder Supplemental Data (SD) record
597	B.2.32 Mode 5 Transponder Status record
598	B.2.33 Mode C Altitude record
599	B.2.34 Mode C Interrogator Status record
600	B.2.35 Mode S Aircraft Identification record B.2.36 Mode S Altitude record
601	B.2.37 Mode S Interrogator Basic Data record
602	B.2.38 Mode S Interrogator Identifier record B.2.38.1 Introduction B.2.38.2 General requirements B.2.38.3 Record format
603	B.2.39 Mode S Interrogator Status record
604	B.2.40 Mode S Levels Present record
605	B.2.41 Mode S Transponder Basic Data record
606	B.2.42 Mode S Transponder Status record
608	B.2.43 Modifier record B.2.44 RRB Code record
609	B.2.45 Soviet Interrogator Status record
610	B.2.46 Soviet Transponder Status record B.2.47 Squitter Airborne Position Report IFF Data record
612	B.2.48 Squitter Airborne Velocity Report IFF Data record
614	B.2.49 Squitter Event-Driven Report IFF Data records
615	B.2.50 Squitter Identification Report IFF Data record
616	B.2.51 Squitter Surface Position Report IFF Data record
618	B.2.52 System Status record
619	B.2.53 TCAS/ACAS Status record
620	B.2.54 Transponder Location Error IFF Data record
621	B.3 Operation B.3.1 General
623	B.3.2 Transponder/Interrogator Interaction Overview
625	B.4 Layer transmit/receive requirements
627	B.5 System types B.5.1 General B.5.1.1 Introduction B.5.1.2 Special issuance and receipt rules B.5.1.2.1 Introduction
628	B.5.1.2.2 Mode 4 issuance and receipt rules
630	B.5.1.2.3 Mode C Altitude issuance and receipt rules B.5.1.2.4 Mode 5 issuance and receipt rules
632	B.5.1.2.5 Special replies issuance and receipt rules
633	B.5.1.2.6 Mode 5/S DAP issuance and receipt rules B.5.1.2.7 Test Mode field
634	B.5.1.2.8 System Designator field B.5.1.2.9 System Mode field
635	B.5.1.2.10 Active Interrogation issuance and receipt rules
636	B.5.2 System Type 1—Mark X/XII/ATCRBS Transponder B.5.2.1 General
637	B.5.2.2 Mark X Transponder B.5.2.2.1 Information content
638	B.5.2.2.2 Issuance rules B.5.2.2.3 Receipt rules B.5.2.3 Mark XII Transponder B.5.2.3.1 Information content
639	B.5.2.3.2 Issuance rules B.5.2.3.3 Receipt rules B.5.2.4 ATCRBS Transponder B.5.2.4.1 Information content
640	B.5.2.4.2 Issuance rules B.5.2.4.3 Receipt rules B.5.3 System Type 2—Mark X/XII/ATCRBS Interrogator B.5.3.1 General
641	B.5.3.2 Mark X Interrogator B.5.3.2.1 Information content
642	B.5.3.2.2 Issuance rules B.5.3.2.3 Receipt rules B.5.3.3 Mark XII Interrogator B.5.3.3.1 Information content
643	B.5.3.3.2 Issuance rules B.5.3.3.3 Receipt rules B.5.3.4 ATCRBS Interrogator B.5.3.4.1 Information content
644	B.5.3.4.2 Issuance rules B.5.3.4.3 Receipt rules B.5.4 System Type 3—Soviet Transponder B.5.4.1 General
645	B.5.4.2 Information content
646	B.5.4.3 Issuance rules B.5.4.4 Receipt rules B.5.5 System Type 4—Soviet Interrogator B.5.5.1 General B.5.5.2 Information content
647	B.5.5.3 Issuance rules B.5.5.4 Receipt rules B.5.6 System Type 5—RRB Transponder B.5.6.1 General
648	B.5.6.2 Information content
649	B.5.6.3 Issuance rules B.5.6.4 Receipt rules B.5.7 System Type 6—Mark XIIA Interrogator B.5.7.1 General
650	B.5.7.2 Information content
651	B.5.7.3 Issuance rules B.5.7.4 Receipt rules B.5.8 System Type 7—Mode 5 Interrogator B.5.8.1 General
652	B.5.8.2 Information content
653	B.5.8.3 Issuance rules B.5.8.4 Receipt rules
654	B.5.9 System Type 8—Mode S Interrogator B.5.9.1 General B.5.9.2 Information content
655	B.5.9.3 Issuance rules B.5.9.4 Receipt rules
656	B.5.10 System Type 9—Mark XIIA Transponder B.5.10.1 General B.5.10.2 Information content
657	B.5.10.3 Issuance rules
658	B.5.10.4 Receipt rules B.5.11 System Type 10—Mode 5 Transponder B.5.11.1 General B.5.11.2 Information content
659	B.5.11.3 Issuance rules
660	B.5.11.4 Receipt rules B.5.12 System Type 11—Mode S Transponder B.5.12.1 General
661	B.5.12.2 Information content
662	B.5.12.3 Issuance rules B.5.12.4 Receipt rules B.5.13 System Type 12—Mark XIIA Combined Interrogator/Transponder B.5.13.1 General B.5.13.2 Information content B.5.13.3 Issuance rules
663	B.5.13.4 Receipt rules B.5.14 System Type 13—Mark XII Combined Interrogator/Transponder B.5.14.1 General B.5.14.2 Information content B.5.14.3 Issuance rules
664	B.5.14.4 Receipt rules B.5.15 System Type 14—TCAS/ACAS Transceiver B.5.15.1 General B.5.15.2 Information content
665	B.5.15.3 Issuance rules B.5.15.4 Receipt rules
666	Annex C (normative) Radio systems C.1 Scope C.2 Generic radio
667	C.3 Simple intercom C.3.1 General C.3.2 Transmitter PDU C.3.2.1 General C.3.2.2 Specific field requirements C.3.2.3 Issuance rules
668	C.3.2.4 Receipt rules C.3.3 Signal PDU C.4 HAVE QUICK radios C.4.1 General
669	C.4.2 Records C.4.2.1 General C.4.2.2 Basic HAVE QUICK MP record
670	C.4.2.3 High-Fidelity HAVE QUICK VTP record
672	C.4.2.4 NET ID record
673	C.4.3 Transmitter PDU C.4.3.1 General C.4.3.2 Information content C.4.3.3 Issuance rules C.4.3.3.1 General requirements
674	C.4.3.3.2 Basic Fidelity HAVE QUICK radio C.4.3.3.3 High-Fidelity HAVE QUICK radio C.4.3.4 Receipt rules
675	C.4.3.5 Manual TOD synchronization C.4.3.5.1 General C.4.3.5.2 Manual TOD synchronization issuance rules C.4.3.5.3 Manual TOD synchronization receipt rules
676	C.4.3.6 Mixed basic and high-fidelity HAVE QUICK radio environment correlation
677	C.4.3.7 Mixed sim/live HAVE QUICK radio environment C.4.3.7.1 General C.4.3.7.2 Forwarding live and sim HAVE QUICK radio transmissions
678	C.4.4 Signal PDU C.5 SINCGARS radio C.6 CCTT SINCGARS radio C.6.1 General C.6.2 Transmitter PDU C.6.2.1 General C.6.2.2 Information content
679	C.6.2.3 Modulation Parameters record C.6.2.4 Specific field requirements
680	C.6.2.5 Issuance rules C.6.2.6 Receipt rules C.6.3 Signal PDU C.7 EPLRS
681	C.8 JTIDS/MIDS radio C.8.1 General C.8.2 Transmitter PDU C.8.2.1 General C.8.2.2 Information content C.8.2.3 Modulation Parameters records C.8.2.4 Issuance rules C.8.2.5 Receipt rules
682	C.8.3 Signal PDU
683	Annex D (normative) Objects D.1 Scope D.2 Object types D.2.1 Introduction D.2.2 Objects D.2.2.1 General D.2.2.2 Object types and identifiers
684	D.2.2.3 Live objects
685	D.2.2.4 Virtual objects D.2.2.5 Constructive objects D.2.3 Primary and secondary object IDs
689	D.2.4 Object interactions
691	Annex E (normative) Dead reckoning definitions and algorithms E.1 Scope E.2 Description of dead reckoning E.3 Dead reckoning and the issuing entity E.4 Dead reckoning and the receiving entity E.5 Dead Reckoning Model (DRM) notation
692	E.6 Dead reckoning formulas
693	E.7 Dead reckoning mathematics E.7.1 General
694	E.7.2 Equations for algorithm 4 DRM (RVW) E.7.2.1 General E.7.2.2 Position dead reckoning for algorithm 4 DRM (RVW) E.7.2.3 Orientation dead reckoning for algorithm 4 DRM (RVW) E.7.2.4 Computing the dead reckoning matrix [DR]
696	E.7.2.5 Computing the initial orientation [Ro]w–>b E.7.2.6 Recovering the Euler angles from [R]w–>b
697	E.7.3 Equations for algorithm 8 DRM (RVB) E.7.3.1 General E.7.3.2 Position dead reckoning for algorithm 8 DRM (RVB)
698	E.7.3.3 Orientation dead reckoning for algorithm 8 DRM (RVB) E.7.4 Geometric interpretation of orientation dead reckoning E.7.4.1 General E.7.4.1.1 Introduction
699	E.7.4.1.2 Geometric definition of a quaternion E.7.4.1.3 Quaternion multiplication E.7.4.1.4 Quaternion dot product
700	E.7.4.2 Construction of the dead reckoning quaternion qDR E.7.4.3 Construction of the dead reckoning rotation matrix [DR] from the DR quaternion E.7.5 Geometric threshold calculation E.7.5.1 General
701	E.7.5.2 Matrix-based orientation dead reckoning threshold computation
702	E.7.5.3 Quaternion-based orientation dead reckoning threshold computation
703	E.8 Use of the Other Parameters field in Dead Reckoning Parameters E.8.1 Use of Other Parameters for additional dead reckoning algorithms E.8.2 Use of Other Parameters for standard algorithms 1 through 9 E.8.2.1 General E.8.2.2 Fixed DRM entities
705	E.8.2.3 Rotating DRM entities E.8.2.3.1 General E.8.2.3.2 Issuance of orientation quaternion
706	E.8.2.3.3 Receipt of orientation quaternion
707	E.9 Smoothing
708	Annex F (informative) Heartbeats, timeouts, and thresholds F.1 Scope F.2 Heartbeats F.2.1 General F.2.2 Guidelines
709	F.2.3 Mixed heartbeat environments
710	F.3 Timeouts F.4 Thresholds
712	Annex G (informative) Time calculations and uses G.1 Scope G.2 General G.3 Why time is important
714	G.4 Time terminology
716	G.5 Time management guidance G.6 Managing time errors
717	G.7 Real-world time errors
718	G.8 How to process timestamps to reduce errors
721	Annex H (normative) Transfer Ownership function H.1 Scope H.2 Related PDUs H.2.1 General H.2.2 Transfer Ownership (TO) PDU
723	H.2.3 Acknowledge-R PDU
725	H.2.4 Set Record-R PDU
726	H.2.5 Record-R PDU
727	H.2.6 Event Report PDU
729	H.2.7 Entity State PDU
730	H.2.8 Data Query PDU
731	H.2.9 Data PDU
732	H.2.10 Record Query-R PDU
734	Annex I (normative) Articulated and attached parts I.1 Scope I.2 Articulated parts and attached parts I.2.1 General I.2.2 Articulated parts I.2.2.1 General I.2.2.2 Numbering of articulated parts
735	I.2.2.3 Reference and part coordinate systems I.2.2.4 Parameter Type field I.2.2.5 Type metrics I.2.2.5.1 General I.2.2.5.2 Position (1)
736	I.2.2.5.3 Position rate (2) I.2.2.5.4 Extension (3) I.2.2.5.5 Extension rate (4) I.2.2.5.6 x (5), y (7), and z (9) I.2.2.5.7 x rate (6), y rate (8), and z rate (10) I.2.2.5.8 Azimuth (11) I.2.2.5.9 Elevation (13) I.2.2.5.10 Rotation (15) I.2.2.5.11 Order of transformation
737	I.2.2.5.12 Azimuth rate (12), elevation rate (14), and rotation rate (16) I.2.2.6 Type class I.2.2.7 Dead reckoning of articulated parts I.2.2.8 Guidelines for selecting type metrics
738	I.2.2.9 Articulated part example—tank main gun
740	I.2.3 Attached parts I.2.3.1 General I.2.3.2 Stations
741	I.2.3.3 Attached part example—air-to-surface missiles on aircraft
742	I.2.4 Attached articulated parts I.2.4.1 General
743	I.2.4.2 Attached articulated part example—M60A1 AVLB
746	Annex J (informative) Bibliography