IEEE 4-1995

$101.83

IEEE Standard Techniques for High-Voltage Testing

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	1995	137

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Description

Revision Standard – Superseded. This standard establishes standard methods to measure high-voltage and basic testing techniques, so far as they are generally applicable, to all types of apparatus for alternating voltages, direct voltages, lightning impulse voltags, switching impulse voltages, and impulse currents. This revision implements many new procedures to improve accuracy, provide greater flexibility, and address practical problems associated with high-voltage measurements.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	Title page
3	Foreword
4	Introduction Participants
9	1. Overview 1.1 Scope 1.2 Purpose 1.3 Application
10	2. References 3. Definitions
13	4. General requirements 4.1 Arrangement of the test object
14	4.2 Interpretation of discharges in high-voltage tests
15	5. Tests with direct voltage 5.1 Test voltage
18	5.2 Test procedures
19	6. Tests with alternating voltage 6.1 Test voltage
22	6.2 Test procedures
27	7. Tests with lightning impulse voltage 7.1 Terms used to characterize full lightning impulses
29	7.2 Terms used to characterize chopped lightning impulses
32	7.3 Special lightning impulses 7.4 Voltage/time curves 7.5 Tolerances
33	7.6 Generation of the test voltage 7.7 Measurement of the test voltage and shape
34	7.8 Test procedures
36	8. Tests with switching impulse voltage 8.1 Terms used to characterize switching impulses
38	8.2 Tolerances 8.3 Generation of the test voltage
39	9. Tests with impulse current 8.4 Measurements of the test voltage and determination of the impulse shape 8.5 Test procedures 9.1 Terms used to characterize impulse currents
41	9.2 Tolerances 9.3 Measurement of the test current
42	10. Combined voltage tests 9.4 Measurement of voltage during tests with impulse currents
43	11. Composite tests 12. Measurement procedures 12.1 General
44	12.2 Principles
45	12.3 Terms related to measurement
46	12.4 General requirements on measuring systems
48	12.5 Measuring systems for direct voltage 12.6 Measuring systems for alternating voltages 12.7 Measuring systems for lightning and switching impulse voltages
50	13. Procedures to ensure accuracy in high-voltage measurements 13.1 General 12.8 Measuring systems for impulse currents
51	13.2 Measurement of direct voltages
53	13.3 Measurement of alternating voltages
56	13.4 Measurement of impulse voltages
69	13.5 Measurement of impulse currents
73	13.6 Evaluation of measurement accuracies
80	14. Tests in different ambient conditions 14.1 Dry tests 14.2 Wet tests
81	15. Artificial contamination tests
82	15.1 Preparation of test object
83	15.2 General test procedures
84	15.3 Power supply requirements for alternating voltage artificial contamination tests
86	15.4 Power supply requirements for direct-voltage artificial contamination tests 15.5 The clean fog test
93	15.6 The salt fog test
100	16. Atmospheric correction 16.1 Atmospheric conditions
101	16.2 Atmospheric correction factors
102	16.3 Measurement of humidity
103	16.4 Conflicting requirements for testing internal and external insulation
104	17. Voltage measurement by means of sphere gaps and rod gaps 17.1 Overview
106	17.2 Standard sphere gap
110	17.3 Connections of the sphere gap
111	17.4 The use of the sphere gap
112	17.5 Sphere-gap disruptive-discharge voltages
119	17.6 Use of a rod-rod gap for measuring direct voltage
121	17.7 Rod-rod gap sparkover data for impulse voltages
122	18. Reference voltage divider 18.1 Introduction
123	18.2 Overall design 18.3 Assembly
124	19. Statistical treatment of test results 18.4 Measuring cable 18.5 High-voltage lead 18.6 Response parameters 19.1 Classification of tests
126	19.2 Statistical behavior of disruptive discharge
127	19.3 Analysis of test results
129	19.4 Application of likelihood methods
130	20. Bibliography