IEEE 45.1 2017

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IEEE Recommended Practice for Electrical Installations on Shipboard–Design

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	2017	198

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Description

New IEEE Standard – Active. Recommendations for the design of electrical power generation, distribution, propulsion, loads systems, and equipment on merchant, commercial, and naval vessels are covered in this document.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	IEEE Std 45.1™-2017
4	Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents
7	Participants
9	Introduction
10	Contents
15	1. Overview 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Scope
16	1.3 Purpose 1.4 Application of various national and international standards 1.5 Equipment construction, testing, and certification 2. Normative references
20	3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions
25	3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations
26	4. System engineering 4.1 Introduction
27	4.2 Design baseline
28	4.3 Product design 4.4 Product baseline
29	5. Power system characteristics 5.1 Electrical power systems architectures 5.1.1 Radial architecture
30	5.1.2 Zonal architecture
31	5.1.3 Hybrid architectures 5.2 Standard systems 5.3 Standard voltage
32	5.4 Standard frequency 5.5 Selection of voltage and system type
33	5.6 AC power system characteristics
35	5.7 DC power systems characteristics
36	5.8 Key electrical power system design inputs 5.8.1 Electric load analysis 5.8.2 Ship consumer equipment locations 5.9 Quality of service (QoS) 5.9.1 Introduction 5.9.2 Service interruption
37	5.9.3 Reconfiguration time (t1) 5.9.4 Generator start time (t2) 5.9.5 Mean time between service interruptions 5.9.6 QoS categories 5.9.6.1 Uninterruptible load 5.9.6.2 Short-term interrupt load
38	5.9.6.3 Long-term interrupt loads 5.9.6.4 Exempt loads 5.10 Electrical power system concept of operation (EPS-CONOPS)
39	5.11 Marine environmental conditions 5.11.1 Normal environmental conditions 5.11.2 Abnormal environmental conditions
40	6. Electrical power system elements 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Power generation 6.3 Power distribution 6.3.1 General
41	6.3.2 Primary bus 6.3.3 Distribution bus 6.3.4 Secondary low voltage bus 6.3.5 Special bus
42	6.4 Power conversion 6.5 Energy storage 6.6 Electrical power system supervisory control 6.6.1 General
43	6.6.2 Power system interface device (PSID) 6.7 Loads 6.7.1 General 6.7.2 Uncontrolled load 6.7.3 Controlled load
44	6.7.4 Large loads 7. Power system design 7.1 Power generation and energy storage capacities 7.1.1 General requirements 7.1.2 Nonintegrated ship service power and propulsion power systems 7.1.3 Integrated power systems (IPSs)
45	7.1.4 Special cases 7.2 Power conversion and transformer ratings
46	7.3 Emergency power 7.3.1 General 7.3.2 Emergency generators
47	7.3.3 Emergency energy storage
48	7.3.4 Emergency power distribution system
49	7.3.5 Emergency switchboard configuration 7.3.6 Temporary emergency power
50	7.3.7 Temporary emergency circuits 7.3.8 Final emergency circuits
51	7.3.9 Time factor for supply of emergency power 7.4 Safety 7.5 Power quality and harmonics
52	8. Electrical power generation 8.1 General 8.2 Installation and location 8.2.1 General
53	8.2.2 Air intakes 8.2.3 Engine exhaust 8.3 Generator set prime movers 8.3.1 Prime mover sizing
54	8.3.2 Lubrication 8.3.3 Diesel engine generator set 8.3.3.1 Diesel engine prime mover
55	8.3.3.2 Diesel engine-generator controls
56	8.3.4 Gas turbine generator set 8.3.4.1 Gas turbine prime mover 8.3.4.2 Gas turbine generator controls
57	8.3.5 Steam turbine prime mover 8.3.6 Prime mover speed control system (governor) 8.3.6.1 General
58	8.3.6.2 Mechanical governors 8.3.6.3 Hydraulic-mechanical governors 8.3.6.4 Electronic governors 8.3.7 Engine starters
59	8.3.8 Shutdown valve 8.3.9 Ignition systems 8.3.10 Special considerations 8.4 Generators 8.4.1 General 8.4.2 Selection and sizing
61	8.4.3 Generator design
62	8.4.4 Terminal arrangements and incoming cables
63	8.4.5 Heaters 8.4.6 Nameplates
64	8.4.7 Voltage regulation
65	8.4.8 Generator metering and protection 9. Power distribution 9.1 General 9.2 Circuit elements
66	9.3 Shore power 9.4 Demand factors 9.4.1 General 9.4.2 Lighting, interior communications, and electronics circuits 9.4.3 Galley circuits 9.4.4 Individual and multiple motor circuits
67	9.4.5 Other circuits 9.5 Voltage drop 9.5.1 General 9.5.2 Feeder and branch circuit continuity 9.5.3 Feeder connections
68	9.6 Lighting distribution 9.6.1 Lights controlled from the navigating bridge 9.6.2 Machinery space lighting 9.6.3 Cargo space lighting 9.6.4 Accommodation space lighting
69	9.6.5 Two-wire device connections 9.7 Delivery power feeders 9.8 Branch circuits 9.8.1 General
70	9.8.2 Heating and cooking equipment 9.8.3 Motors 9.8.4 Fixed appliances 9.8.5 Receptacles 9.8.6 Lighting
71	9.9 Circuit designation
74	9.10 Distribution equipment 9.10.1 Distribution panels
75	9.10.2 Circuit breakers 9.10.3 Wire lugs and connectors 9.10.4 Feeder box fittings
76	9.10.5 Branch box fittings 9.10.6 Connection box fittings 9.10.7 Shore connection boxes 9.10.8 Feeder, branch, and connection boxes 9.10.8.1 General
77	9.10.8.2 Boxes exposed to weather 9.10.8.3 Molded composition boxes 9.10.8.4 Minimum box wall thickness 9.10.8.5 Tolerances between box and fittings 9.10.8.6 Stuffing tube bosses/pads
78	9.10.8.7 Box covers 9.10.8.8 Watertight boxes 9.10.8.9 Box locations
79	9.10.9 Receptacles, plugs, and switches—non-watertight 9.10.9.1 General 9.10.9.2 Receptacles 9.10.9.3 Plugs
80	9.10.9.4 Switches 9.10.9.5 Connections 9.10.9.6 Locations
81	9.10.10 Receptacles, plugs, and switches other than non-watertight 9.10.10.1 General 9.10.10.2 Connections 9.10.10.3 Location 9.10.10.4 Terminal and stuffing tubes
82	9.10.11 Multi-cable penetrators 9.10.12 Bolts, taps, and threads 9.10.13 Power factor correction capacitors 10. Power conversion 10.1 Power electronics
83	10.2 Transformers/reactors 10.2.1 General 10.2.2 Installation and location 10.2.3 Type, number, and rating 10.2.4 Voltage regulation 10.2.5 Parallel operation
84	10.2.6 Temperature rise 10.2.7 Terminals and connections 10.2.8 Nameplates
85	11. Energy storage 11.1 General 11.2 Specific applications 11.2.1 Controls 11.2.2 Instrumentation 11.2.3 Standby power applications
86	11.2.4 Buffer applications 11.2.5 Bulk energy storage 11.3 Rechargeable storage batteries 11.3.1 General
87	11.3.2 Type of batteries
89	11.3.3 Selection and assembly 11.3.3.1 Battery selection 11.3.3.2 Battery assembly 11.3.4 Battery size categories 11.3.4.1 Large batteries 11.3.4.2 Moderate-sized batteries 11.3.4.3 Small batteries
90	11.3.5 Battery installation requirements 11.3.5.1 General 11.3.5.2 Cables 11.3.5.3 Large battery installation
91	11.3.5.4 Moderate-sized battery installation 11.3.5.5 Small battery installation 11.3.6 Battery arrangement 11.3.6.1 General
92	11.3.6.2 Battery trays and racks 11.3.6.3 Battery storage lining 11.3.7 Ventilation 11.3.7.1 General
93	11.3.7.2 Battery rooms 11.3.7.3 Battery lockers 11.3.7.4 Battery boxes
94	11.3.7.5 General equipment rooms, electrical rooms, and other areas 11.3.7.6 Large battery installation ventilation 11.3.7.7 Moderate-sized and small battery installation ventilation 11.3.8 Battery rating
95	11.3.9 Charging facilities 11.3.10 Overload protection 11.3.11 Lithium battery application
97	12. Electrical power system control 12.1 Supervisory control interfaces 12.2 Control system connectivity
98	12.3 Application layer protocol
99	12.4 Sources and loads
100	12.5 Voice communication systems 13. Motor and motor application 13.1 General application
101	13.2 AC and DC motors—general 13.3 Selection 13.3.1 Three-phase motor voltages 13.3.2 Single-phase ac motor voltages
102	13.3.3 Supply voltage 13.4 Installation and location 13.5 Insulation of windings
103	13.6 Locked rotor kVA 13.7 Efficiency 13.8 Lubrication 13.9 Terminal arrangements
104	13.10 Corrosion-resistance parts 13.11 Nameplates 13.12 Ambient temperature 13.13 Limits of temperature rise
105	13.14 Motor application 13.14.1 General 13.14.2 AC motors
106	13.14.3 DC motors 13.14.4 Ventilating fan and blower motors 13.14.5 Pump motors 13.14.6 Refrigerated spaces 13.14.7 Galley, laundry, workshop, print shop, and similar spaces 13.14.8 Applications in hazardous locations 13.14.9 Deck machinery motors
107	13.15 Duty rating 13.16 Steering gear motors 13.16.1 AC motors
108	13.16.2 DC motors 13.17 Motor brakes 13.17.1 Types 13.17.2 AC brakes 13.17.3 DC brakes 13.17.4 Accessibility 13.17.5 Enclosures 13.17.5.1 General 13.17.5.2 Open type
109	13.17.5.3 Drip proof enclosed 13.17.5.4 Waterproof enclosed 13.17.6 Construction 13.17.7 Nameplate
110	13.17.8 Brake application 13.18 Magnetic friction clutches 13.18.1 General 13.18.2 Nameplate
111	14. Adjustable speed drive (ASD) applications 15. Electric propulsion and maneuvering system 15.1 Scope
112	15.2 Regulations 15.3 System requirements 15.3.1 General
113	15.3.2 Power quality and harmonic distortion
114	15.3.3 Redundancy 15.3.4 Safety 15.4 Prime movers for integrated power and propulsion plants
115	15.5 Generators for integrated power and propulsion plants 15.5.1 General 15.5.2 Voltage control and generator excitation
116	15.5.3 AC generators 15.5.4 DC generators 15.6 Propulsion drive transformers
118	15.7 Propulsion motors 15.7.1 General
119	15.7.2 Propulsion motor excitation
120	15.7.3 AC propulsion motors 15.7.4 DC propulsion motors 15.8 Propulsion power conversion equipment
121	15.9 Main power switchboard
122	15.10 Propulsion control equipment
124	15.11 Power management 15.12 Podded propulsion 15.12.1 General 15.12.2 Steering system
125	15.12.3 Shaft, bearing, sealing systems, and the propellers 15.12.4 Auxiliary systems 15.12.5 Electrically powered pods 15.12.5.1 Electric motor 15.12.5.2 Power transmission system 15.12.5.3 Ventilation and cooling unit 15.13 Propulsion cables
126	15.14 Propulsion equipment location 15.15 Ventilation 15.16 Bed-plates and foundations 15.17 Lubrication
127	15.18 Fire extinguishers 16. Steering systems 16.1 General 16.2 Navigating bridge installation
128	16.3 Power supply 16.4 Alarm system 16.5 Steering gear 16.5.1 General 16.5.2 Feeder circuits
129	16.5.3 Direct-drive steering gear 16.6 Steering control systems 16.6.1 General
130	16.6.2 Steering control system installation 16.6.3 Steering indication and alarm system
131	16.6.4 Steering failure alarm system 17. Lighting equipment 17.1 General
132	17.2 Location 17.3 Provisions for portable lighting
133	17.4 Permanent watertight fixtures 17.5 Permanent non-watertight fixtures 17.6 High-intensity discharge lamp fixtures 17.7 Lighting for hazardous locations 17.8 Illumination 17.8.1 General
134	17.8.2 Lighting for cargo handling 17.8.3 Lighting for lifeboat and life raft area 17.9 Searchlights 17.9.1 General 17.9.2 Construction and installation
135	17.9.3 Lifeboat searchlights 17.10 Emergency lighting 17.11 Nameplates 17.12 Solid state lighting (SSL) 17.12.1 Introduction 17.12.2 SSL LED system design features for shipboard application
136	17.12.3 SSL LED system nameplates
137	17.13 Navigation lights and signal lights 17.13.1 General 17.13.2 Navigation lights 17.13.3 Signaling lights 17.13.4 Navigation light indicator panel
138	18. Whistle and siren control systems
139	19. Heating equipment 19.1 Construction 19.2 Heating elements
140	19.3 Control switches 19.4 Temperature 19.5 Nameplates 19.6 Electrical heat trace (EHT)
141	20. Galley equipment and workshop equipment 20.1 Electric cooking equipment 20.1.1 Construction
142	20.1.2 Mounting 20.1.3 Electric power 20.1.4 Heating elements 20.1.5 Wiring 20.1.6 Controls
144	20.1.7 Range tops and griddles 20.1.8 Ovens and broilers 20.1.9 Fry kettles 20.2 Motor-driven equipment
145	20.3 Nameplates 21. Electrical power system protection 21.1 Overview 21.2 Electrical power system protection elements 21.2.1 Fault detection and classification
146	21.2.2 Fault localization 21.2.3 Fault isolation 21.2.4 System reconfiguration 21.3 Electrical power system protection design 21.3.1 General
147	21.3.2 Conductors 21.3.3 AC systems
149	21.3.4 DC systems 21.3.5 Fault-current calculations and overcurrent protective devices 21.3.6 Fixture wires and cords 21.3.7 Motor branch circuits 22. System studies, analyses, and reports 22.1 General
150	22.2 Electric plant load analysis (EPLA) 22.3 Load flow analysis and voltage drop analysis
151	22.4 Dynamic analysis (transient and stability) 22.4.1 Background
152	22.4.2 Articulation of working stability criteria
153	22.4.3 Recommended dynamic analyses/stability assessments 22.5 Fault current analysis
154	22.6 Harmonic and frequency analysis
158	22.7 Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) 22.8 Electromagnetic interference (EMI) analysis 22.9 Thermal analysis 22.10 Electrical power system data for the life-cycle cost analysis
159	22.11 Electrical power system data for the signature analysis 22.12 Safe return to port/survivability analysis 22.13 Future power growth assessment 22.14 Protective device coordination study
160	22.15 Grounding system design report 22.16 Electrical power system corrosion control report 22.17 Electrical power system input to ship’s weight report 22.18 Electrical power system section of the master equipment list 22.19 Electrical power system input to endurance fuel calculations 22.20 Incident energy analysis
161	23. EMI/EMC/RFI 24. Materials 24.1 Corrosion-resistant parts 24.2 Flame-retardant materials
162	24.3 Brittle material 24.4 Cable selection, application, and installation 25. Power system grounding (earthing) 25.1 General 25.2 Power system grounding
164	25.3 Point of system grounding 25.4 Equipment grounding 25.4.1 General 25.4.2 Equipment grounding methods
165	25.4.3 Grounding of portable equipment 25.5 Ground plates on nonmetallic ships
166	25.6 Lightning protection grounding 25.7 Stray current protection 25.8 Ground-fault detection 25.8.1 General
167	25.8.2 Ground detection on ungrounded systems 25.8.3 Ground detection on grounded neutral ac systems 26. Arc flash management
170	27. Hazardous locations, installations, and equipment 27.1 General 27.2 Hazardous area classification 27.2.1 Overview
171	27.2.2 NEC and CEC division classification systems 27.2.2.1 Types of explosive atmosphere 27.2.2.2 Likelihood that the explosive atmosphere is present
172	27.2.2.3 Ignition-related properties of the explosive atmosphere 27.2.2.4 Maximum surface temperature of equipment
173	27.2.3 NEC and CEC zone classification systems 27.2.3.1 Types of explosive atmosphere 27.2.3.2 Likelihood that the explosive atmosphere is present
174	27.2.3.3 Ignition-related properties of the explosive atmosphere 27.2.3.4 Maximum surface temperature of equipment
175	27.3 Area classification for various vessel types 27.3.1 Introduction 27.3.2 All vessels—general
176	27.3.3 Tank vessels and barges
177	27.3.4 Vehicle carriers and roll-on/roll-off vessels 27.3.5 Mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs) 27.3.6 Coal carriers
178	27.3.7 Dry bulk carriers other than coal carriers 27.4 Hazardous locations equipment protection techniques
182	27.5 Hazardous locations equipment markings 27.5.1 NEC and CEC division classification systems 27.5.2 NEC and CEC zone classification systems
183	27.6 Approved equipment
184	27.7 Equipment Installation 27.7.1 Wiring methods 27.7.2 Ventilation fans 27.7.3 Belt drives 27.7.4 Battery installations 27.7.5 Paint storage or mixing spaces 27.7.6 Vehicle spaces 27.7.7 Tank vessels 27.7.7.1 Distribution systems
185	27.7.7.2 Combustible liquid cargo with a closed cup flashpoint of 60 °C or higher 27.7.7.3 Flammable or combustible liquid cargo with a closed cup flashpoint below 60 °C (including bulk liquefied gas carriers), ammonia, liquid sulfur carriers, and inorganic acid carriers 27.7.7.4 Bulk carbon disulfide 27.7.7.5 Bulk liquefied gas or ammonia 27.7.8 Submerged cargo pumps 27.7.9 Lighting for cargo handling rooms
186	27.7.10 Branch circuits for hazardous spaces 27.7.11 Ungrounded distribution systems 27.7.12 Vessels carrying coal 28. Ship construction and outfitting 28.1 Storage and installation
187	28.2 Spare parts 28.3 Documentation 29. System operation and maintenance 29.1 Fire extinguishing precautions 29.2 Rotating machine cleanliness
188	29.3 Care of idle apparatus 29.4 Safety
189	Annex A (informative) Bibliography
190	Annex B (normative) Electric plant load analysis
198	Back cover