IEEE 977 2011

$78.00

IEEE Guide to Installation of Foundations for Transmission Line Structures

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
IEEE	2011	87

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Description

Revision Standard – Active. Various approaches to good construction practices that could improve the installation of transmission line structure foundations are presented. Spread foundations, drilled shaft foundations, pile foundations, and anchors are treated. This guide is intended to be used as a reference source for those involved in the ownership, design, and construction of transmission structures.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
1	IEEE Std 977-2010 front cover
3	Title page
6	Introduction Notice to users Laws and regulations Copyrights Updating of IEEE documents
7	Errata Interpretations Patents
8	Participants
10	Contents
12	Important Notice 1. Overview 1.1 Scope 1.2 Purpose
13	1.3 Application 1.4 Legal disclaimer 2. General considerations 2.1 Introduction
14	2.2 Structure functions and types 2.2.1 Structure functions 2.2.1.1 Suspension structures 2.2.1.2 Strain structures 2.2.1.3 Dead-end structures 2.2.2 Structure types
15	2.2.2.1 Self-supporting lattice towers
16	2.2.2.2 Single poles
17	2.2.2.3 Frames
18	2.2.2.4 Guyed structures
19	2.3 Loading 2.4 Foundation types and functions 2.4.1 Foundation types
20	2.4.1.1 Spread foundations 2.4.1.2 Drilled shafts 2.4.1.3 Direct embedment 2.4.1.4 piles 2.4.1.5 Anchors 2.5 Geotechnical factors in construction
21	2.5.1 Rock factors 2.5.2 Soil factors 2.5.3 In situ state of stress in the ground 2.6 Construction influences on foundation performance
22	2.6.1 Excavation 2.6.2 Backfill 2.6.3 Adverse construction influences 2.6.4 Human factors 2.7 Applicable codes and standards
24	3. Spread foundations 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Types of spread foundations
26	3.3 Site plan outline 3.3.1 Tower site information 3.3.2 Tower foundation construction survey 3.3.3 Foundation site information
27	3.4 Excavation 3.4.1 Drilling and blasting precautions
28	3.4.2 Dewatering 3.4.3 Safety hazards 3.4.4 Inspection 3.5 Subgrade preparation
29	3.6 Foundation assembly 3.7 Setting foundations 3.7.1 Templates 3.7.2 Placing foundations
31	3.7.3 Construction setting tolerances 3.8 Backfill
32	3.9 Site restoration 3.10 Installation problems 3.10.1 Geotechnical problems
33	3.10.2 Construction-related problems
34	4. Drilled shaft foundations 4.1 Introduction
35	4.2 Construction—Dry-hole method 4.2.1 Placement of concrete 4.2.2 Casing
36	4.3 Construction—Wet-hole method 4.3.1 Construction methods 4.3.1.1 Water head 4.3.1.2 Casing
37	4.3.1.3 Slurry
39	4.3.2 Concrete placement by tremie 4.3.3 Concrete placement using pumps 4.4 Excavation—Rock
43	4.5 Direct embedment 4.6 Noncircular shaft 4.7 Hollow shaft
45	4.8 Installation problems—Geotechnical
46	4.9 Installation problems—Construction
47	4.10 Inspection
49	5. Pile foundations 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Pile types 5.2.1 Timber piles 5.2.2 Precast concrete piles 5.2.3 Precast post-tensioned concrete cylinder piles
50	5.2.4 Cast-in-place concrete piles 5.2.5 Augered cast-in-place piles 5.2.6 Steel H-piles 5.2.7 Pipe piles 5.2.8 Vibratory piles
51	5.3 Orientation 5.4 Installation
52	5.4.1 Mobile crane
61	5.4.2 Leads 5.4.3 Pile hammers 5.4.3.1 Drop hammer 5.4.3.2 Single-acting hammer 5.4.3.3 Double-acting hammer 5.4.3.4 Diesel hammer
62	5.4.4 Hammer cushion 5.4.5 Drive head 5.4.6 Pile cushion
63	5.4.7 Vibratory driver 5.4.8 Drilling rig 5.4.9 Concrete placement
64	5.5 Splicing 5.6 Installation problems—Geotechnical
65	5.7 Installation problems—Construction 5.7.1 General 5.7.2 Transporting piles 5.7.3 Driving piles 5.7.4 Problems during driving 5.7.4.1 Timber piles
66	5.7.4.2 Steel H-piles 5.7.4.3 Reinforced or prestressed-precast concrete piles
67	5.7.4.4 Precast-prestressed concrete cylinder piles 5.7.4.5 Cast-in-place concrete piles 5.7.4.6 Vibratory piles
69	5.8 Inspection
70	6. Anchors 6.1 Introduction
71	6.2 Excavated soil anchors 6.2.1 General 6.2.1.1 Spread anchors
72	6.2.1.2 Plate and log anchors
74	6.2.1.3 Installation equipment 6.2.2 Installation problems—Geotechnical 6.2.3 Installation problem—Construction
75	6.2.4 Inspection and construction tolerances 6.3 Drilled anchors 6.3.1 Installation 6.3.1.1 Drilled concrete anchors
76	6.3.1.2 Large-diameter and low-pressure drilled and grouted anchors
77	6.3.1.3 Small-diameter and high-pressure drilled and grouted anchors
79	6.3.1.4 Helical screw anchors
82	6.3.1.5 Rock anchors
83	6.3.2 Installation problems—Geotechnical 6.3.3 Installation problems—Construction
84	6.3.4 Inspection and construction tolerances
85	Annex A (informative) Bibliography