IEEE C57.140 2007
$37.38
IEEE Guide for Evaluation and reconditioning of Liquid Immersed Power Transformers
| Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
| IEEE | 2007 | 77 |
New IEEE Standard – Active. This guide includes guidelines for following: insulating oil maintenance and diagnostics, oil reclamation, testing methods for the determination of remaining insulation (paper) life, and upgrades of auxiliary equipment such as bushings, gauges, deenergized tap changers (DETCs), on load tap changers (LTCs) (where applicable), and coil reclamping. The goal of this guide is to assist the user in extending the useful life of a transformer.
PDF Catalog
| PDF Pages | PDF Title |
|---|---|
| 1 | IEEE Std C57.140-2006 Front Cover |
| 3 | Title page |
| 6 | Introduction Notice to users Errata Interpretations Patents |
| 7 | Participants |
| 9 | Contents |
| 11 | 1. Overview 1.1. Scope 1.2. Purpose 2. Normative references |
| 12 | 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations 3.1. Definitions |
| 13 | 3.2. Acronyms and abbreviations 4. Risk assessment |
| 14 | 4.1. Impact on the system |
| 15 | 4.2. Vintage 4.3. Vacuum withstand capability 4.4. Paper and pressboard 4.4.1. Thermally upgraded versus nonthermally upgraded paper |
| 16 | 4.4.2. Low-density versus high-density paper and pressboard 4.5. Accessibility and spare parts availability 4.6. Operational history |
| 17 | 4.7. Type of construction 4.8. Failure history 4.9. Grounding |
| 18 | 4.10. Operating environment 4.11. Failure mechanisms 4.12. Problems with determining component failure probability as function of condition assessment |
| 19 | 4.13. Modified event tree matrix and fault tree diagram |
| 25 | 5. Diagnostic tests 5.1. Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) |
| 26 | 5.2. Oil quality assessment (physical tests) |
| 27 | 5.3. Furan analysis |
| 28 | 5.4. Power factor |
| 29 | 5.5. Frequency response analysis (FRA) 5.6. Partial discharge (PD) detection |
| 30 | 5.6.1. Electrical measurements |
| 31 | 5.6.2. Acoustic 5.7. Infrared inspection 5.7.1. Noncontact thermal measurement |
| 32 | 5.7.2. Maintenance scanning 5.7.3. Temperature rise |
| 33 | 5.8. Degree of polymerization (DP) |
| 35 | 5.9. Vibration and noise |
| 36 | 5.9.1. Internal noise 5.9.2. External noise 6. Condition assessment and reconditioning |
| 37 | 6.1. Core and coil assembly 6.1.1. Core and coil inspection 6.1.2. Oil distribution box inspection and reconditioning |
| 38 | 6.1.3. Reblocking and reclamping of transformer coils—core type transformers |
| 40 | 6.1.4. Reblocking and reclamping of transformer coil—shell-form transformers |
| 49 | 6.1.5. Shielding |
| 50 | 6.1.6. Bus and leads 6.1.7. Flux control |
| 51 | 6.2. Tap changers 6.2.1. Deenergized tap changers (DETCs) |
| 53 | 6.2.2. Load tap changers (LTCs) |
| 54 | 6.3. Bushings and arresters 6.3.1. Bushings—external inspection |
| 55 | 6.3.2. Bushings—internal inspection 6.3.3. Bushing replacement 6.3.4. Bushing current transformers |
| 56 | 6.3.5. Surge arresters |
| 57 | 6.4. Tanks, gaskets, etc. 6.4.1. Tank condition 6.4.2. Pressure-regulated gas-blanketed system |
| 58 | 6.4.3. Conservator systems |
| 59 | 6.4.4. Sealed tank transformers |
| 60 | 6.4.5. Free-breathing transformers 6.4.6. Gaskets 6.5. Gauges, indicators, and relays 6.5.1. Liquid and winding temperature gauges |
| 62 | 6.5.2. Liquid level indicator 6.5.3. Rapid pressure rise relay (RPRR) |
| 63 | 6.5.4. Gas detector relay |
| 64 | 6.5.5. Pressure relief devices 6.6. Controls, alarms, and annunciators 6.6.1. Cooling equipment controls |
| 65 | 6.6.2. Bypass, bank selector, and mode switches 6.6.3. Control contactors 6.6.4. Time delay controls 6.6.5. Overtemperature station trip controls 6.6.6. Liquid level alarm 6.6.7. Rapid rise alarm |
| 66 | 6.6.8. Lighted annunciators 6.6.9. Mechanical target annunciators 6.7. Pumps 6.7.1. External inspection 6.7.2. Internal inspection 6.7.3. Reconditioning of pumps |
| 68 | 6.8. Radiators, coolers, and fans 6.8.1. Radiators and fans 6.8.2. Forced oil coolers |
| 69 | 7. Degassing and moisture removal 7.1. Recirculation method |
| 70 | 7.1.1. Important factors |
| 71 | 7.1.2. Field instructions |
| 73 | 7.2. On-line oil dryout method 7.2.1. Desired features 7.2.2. Effectiveness 7.2.3. Warranty integrity 7.2.4. Saturation measurement |
| 74 | 7.3. Refrigeration method |
| 75 | Annex A (informative) Bibliography |
