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IEEE/CSA 844.3 2019

$53.08

IEEE/CSA Standard for Impedance Heating of Pipelines and Equipment – General, Testing, Marking, and Documentation Requirements

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
IEEE 2019 88
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New IEEE Standard – Active. The general requirements, testing, markings, and documentation for impedance heating systems for pipes and equipment intended for use in general industrial applications are provided in this standard. This standard provides requirements when utilizing impedance heating systems in ordinary as well as hazardous areas having explosive atmospheres.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
1 IEEE Std 844.3-2019/CSA C22.2 No. 293.3:19 Front Cover
2 Title page
4 Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents
7 CSA Group Legal Notice for Standards
9 IEEE Participants
10 CSA Group Participants
13 IEEE Introduction
14 CSA Preface
15 Contents
17 1. Overview
1.1 General
1.2 Scope
18 1.3 Purpose
1.4 Typical applications
1.4.1 General
1.4.2 Solidification prevention
1.4.3 Viscosity maintenance
19 1.4.4 Process heating
1.4.5 Condensation prevention
1.4.6 Re-melting solidified fluids
1.4.7 Terminology
2. Normative references
20 3. Definitions
23 4. General requirements
4.1 Principle of operation
24 4.2 System
4.2.1 General
4.2.2.1 Material and construction requirements
4.2.2.1.1 Insulation dielectric
4.2.2.1.2 Jackets, wraps, braids, and conductors
4.2.2 Impedence insulated conductor
25 4.2.2.2 Field connections and terminations
4.3 Electrical circuit protection
4.4 Temperature requirements
4.4.1 General
4.4.2 Explosive atmospheres
4.4.2.1 General
26 4.4.2.2 Stabilized design
4.4.2.3 Controlled design
4.4.2.3.1 General
27 4.4.2.3.2 Requirements for temperature control devices for equipment protection levels Gc and Dc (traditional relationship to Zone 2 and Zone 22, respectively)
28 4.5 Grounding and isolation
31 4.6 Isolation transformers
4.7 Additional general requirements for Canada
32 5. Testing requirements
5.1 General
5.2 Type tests
5.2.1 General
5.2.2 Conductor resistance
5.2.3 Tests of aluminum conductors (physical properties)
33 5.2.4 Long-term insulation resistance in water
5.2.5 Long-term insulation resistance in air for 90 °C rated conductors
34 5.2.6 Capacitance and relative permittivity
5.2.7 Conductor corrosion
5.2.8 Insulation fall-in
5.2.9 Heat shock of thermoplastic jacket
35 5.2.10 Flexibility of separator under a thermoplastic jacket
5.2.11 Cold bend
5.2.12 Cold impact
5.2.13 Deformation
5.2.13.1 Thermoplastic jackets
5.2.13.2 XL insulations
36 5.2.14 Hot-creep elongation and hot-creep set
5.2.15 Flame and smoke
5.2.15.1 FT2/FH/Horizontal flame (XHH, XHHW, XHHW-2, RHH, RHW, RHW-2, and Non-XL Insulated Types R90, RW75, RW90, RWU75, and RWU90)
5.2.15.2 Burning particles (dropping) (R90, RW75, RW90, RWU75, and RWU90)
5.2.15.3 FT1
5.2.15.4 FV-2/VW-1
37 5.2.16 Weather (sunlight) resistance
5.2.17 Crushing resistance
5.2.18 Dielectric breakdown after glancing impact
38 5.2.19 Durability of ink printing
5.2.20 AC spark test
5.2.21 Dielectric voltage-withstand in water
5.2.22 Insulation resistance in water at 15 °C
39 5.2.23 Electrical continuity
5.2.25 Power output and system impedance verification
5.2.25.1 General
5.2.25.2 Apparatus
40 5.2.26 Verification of component temperatures
41 5.3 Routine testing
5.3.1 General
5.3.2 Dielectric tests
5.3.2.1 General
5.3.2.2 Dielectric spark test
5.3.2.3 AC dielectric test
5.3.2.4 DC dielectric test
42 6. Marking requirements
6.1 Packaging
43 6.2 Insulated impedance conductor
44 6.3 Weather barrier
6.4 Guard marking requirements for systems above 30 Vac
6.4.1 Isolation transformer output voltage greater than 30 volts ac, but no more than 80 volts ac
6.4.2 Isolation transformer output voltage greater than 80 volts ac, but no more than 132 volts ac 
7. Documentation
47 Annex A (informative)Bibliography
49 Annex B (normative) Requirements for Class I, II, and III Division 2 Hazardous (Classified) Areas
B.1 Application
B.2 General
B.3 Control and temperature requirements
B.3.1 General
B.3.2 Stabilized design
50 B.3.3 Controlled design
B.4 Requirements for protective device in Division 2
B.5 Weather barrier requirements
B.6 Type tests
B.6.1 Division 2 equipment
B.6.2 Verification of surface temperatures
51 B.7 Marking
52 B.8 Instructions
B.8.1 Installation verification requirements
53 Annex C (normative) Impedance heating system requirements for Class I, Zone 2; Zone 2; and Zone 22
C.1 Additions and exclusions
57 C.2 Weather barrier requirements
C.3 Additional requirements for Zone 2 areas
59 Annex D (normative) Impedance heating system design verification methodology
D.1 Introduction
D.2 Design methodology and selection of impedance heaters
D.3 Stabilized design calculations for the workpiece
60 D.4 Impedance heating system workpiece performance and equilibrium conditions
62 D.5 Heat loss calculations
D.6 Heat-loss design safety factor
63 D.7 Maximum temperature determination
D.7.1 General
D.7.2 Theoretical pipe temperature calculations
64 D.7.3 Surface temperature—Metallic applications using a temperature limiter control sensing the heated workpiece
D.7.4 Sheath temperature calculations
66 Annex E (normative) Insulated impedance conductor reference tables
86 Annex F (normative) Formula for calculating insulation resistance
87 Annex G (normative) Alternative national markings
G.1 General
G.2 Markings on packaging (subclause 6.1)
G.3 Markings on wire (subclause 6.2)
88 Untitled
IEEE/CSA 844.3 2019
$53.08