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IEEE ISO IEC 8802 15 4 2018

IEEE ISO IEC 8802 15 4 2018

$196.67

ISO/IEC/IEEE International Standard – Information technology–Telecommunications and information exchange between systems–Local and metropolitan area networks–Specific requirements–Part 15-4: Wireless medium access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for low-rate wireless personal area networks (WPANs)

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IEEE 2018 712
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– Active. The protocol and compatible interconnection for data communication devices using low-data-rate, low-power, and low-complexity short-range radio frequency (RF) transmissions in a wireless personal area network (WPAN) are defined in this standard. A variety of physical layers (PHYs) have been defined that cover a wide variety of frequency bands.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages PDF Title
3 IEEE Std 802.15.4™-2015 Cover
4 Blank Page
5 Title page
7 Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Standards Documents
10 Participants
12 Historical participants
17 Introduction
18 Contents
39 IMPORTANT NOTICE
1. Overview
1.1 Scope
1.2 Purpose
40 2. Normative references
41 3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
42 3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations
46 4. Format conventions
4.1 General
4.2 Fields
47 4.3 Numbers
4.4 Strings
4.5 Reserved fields and values
48 5. General description
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Special application spaces
5.2.1 Smart utility network (SUN)
5.2.2 Rail communications and control (RCC)
49 5.2.3 Television white space (TVWS)
5.2.4 Radio frequency identification (RFID)
5.2.5 Low-energy, critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM)
5.2.6 Medical body area network (MBAN) services
5.3 Components of the IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN
5.4 Multi-PHY management (MPM) of the SUN WPAN
50 5.5 Network topologies
5.5.1 Star network formation
51 5.5.2 Peer-to-peer network formation
52 5.6 Architecture
53 5.6.1 PHY
5.6.2 MAC sublayer
54 5.7 Functional overview
5.7.1 Superframe structure
5.7.1.1 Beacon superframe
55 5.7.1.2 DSME multi-superframe structure
5.7.1.3 Slotframes
5.7.1.4 TMCTP superframe
56 5.7.2 Data transfer model
5.7.2.1 Types of data transfer models
5.7.2.2 Data transfer to a coordinator
5.7.2.3 Data transfer from a coordinator
57 5.7.2.4 Peer-to-peer data transfers
5.7.3 Frame structure
5.7.4 Access methods
5.7.4.1 Frame acknowledgment
58 5.7.4.2 Frak
5.7.4.3 Data verification
5.7.5 Power consumption considerations
5.7.5.1 Low-energy mechanisms
59 5.7.6 Security
60 5.8 Concept of primitives
5.9 Deprecation of features
61 6. MAC functional description
6.1 Device types and conventions
6.2 Channel access
6.2.1 Superframe structure
63 6.2.1.1 Contention access period (CAP)
6.2.1.2 Contention-free period (CFP)
6.2.1.3 BOP
6.2.2 Incoming and outgoing superframe timing
64 6.2.3 Enhanced Beacon frame timing for MPM procedure
65 6.2.4 IFS
6.2.5 Random access methods
6.2.5.1 CSMA-CA algorithm
68 6.2.5.2 TSCH CCA algorithm
6.2.5.3 TSCH CSMA-CA retransmission algorithm
70 6.2.5.4 CSMA-CA with PCA
73 6.2.5.5 LECIM ALOHA PCA
6.2.6 TSCH slotframe structure
6.2.6.1 General
74 6.2.6.2 Absolute slot number (ASN)
6.2.6.3 Links
6.2.6.4 Multiple slotframes
75 6.2.7 LE functional description
6.2.7.1 LE contention access period (LE CAP)
6.2.7.2 LE superframe structure
6.2.7.3 LE-incoming and outgoing superframe timing
6.2.7.4 LE scan
76 6.2.8 Superframe use for TMCTP operation
6.2.9 Rail communications and control network (RCCN) superframe structure
77 6.2.10 Channel hopping
79 6.3 Starting and maintaining PANs
6.3.1 Scanning through channels
6.3.1.1 ED channel scan
6.3.1.2 Active and passive channel scan
82 6.3.1.3 Orphan channel scan
84 6.3.1.4 RIT passive channel scan
85 6.3.2 PAN ID conflict resolution
6.3.2.1 Detection
86 6.3.2.2 Resolution
6.3.3 Starting and realigning a PAN
6.3.3.1 Starting a PAN
6.3.3.2 Realigning a PAN
88 6.3.3.3 Realignment in a PAN
6.3.3.4 Updating superframe configuration and channel PIB attributes
6.3.4 Beacon generation
90 6.3.5 Device discovery
6.3.6 TSCH PAN formation
91 6.4 Association and disassociation
6.4.1 Association
94 6.4.2 Disassociation
96 6.4.3 Fast association
97 6.5 Synchronization
6.5.1 General
6.5.2 Synchronization with beacons
99 6.5.3 Synchronization without beacons
6.5.4 Synchronization in TSCH PAN
100 6.5.4.1 Timeslot communication
101 6.5.4.2 Node synchronization
102 6.5.5 Orphaned device realignment
6.6 Transaction handling
103 6.7 Transmission, reception, and acknowledgment
6.7.1 Transmission
105 6.7.2 Reception and rejection
106 6.7.3 Extracting pending data from a coordinator
108 6.7.4 Use of acknowledgments and retransmissions
6.7.4.1 No acknowledgment
109 6.7.4.2 Acknowledgment
110 6.7.4.3 Retransmissions
6.7.5 Transmission timing restrictions
111 6.7.6 Guard time
113 6.7.7 Promiscuous mode
6.7.8 Transmission scenarios
114 6.7.9 Device announcement
115 6.8 GTS allocation and management
6.8.1 GTS general requirements
116 6.8.2 CAP maintenance
6.8.3 GTS allocation
117 6.8.4 GTS usage
118 6.8.5 GTS deallocation
119 6.8.6 GTS reallocation
121 6.8.7 GTS expiration
6.9 Ranging
6.9.1 Ranging requirements
6.9.2 Set-up activities before a ranging exchange
6.9.3 Finish-up activities after a ranging exchange
122 6.9.4 Managing DPS
123 6.9.5 The ranging exchange
124 6.10 PHY parameter change notification procedure
6.10.1 Signaling using Beacon frames
6.10.2 Signaling using multipurpose frames
125 6.11 Deterministic and synchronous multi-channel extension (DSME)
6.11.1 DSME command requirements
6.11.2 DSME multi-superframe structure
127 6.11.3 Channel diversity
6.11.3.1 Channel adaptation
128 6.11.3.2 Channel hopping
130 6.11.4 CAP reduction
6.11.5 DSME GTS allocation and management
131 6.11.5.1 DSME GTS allocation
134 6.11.5.2 DSME GTS deallocation
135 6.11.5.3 DSME GTS expiration
6.11.5.4 DSME GTS retrieve
136 6.11.5.5 DSME GTS change
6.11.6 Beacon scheduling
137 6.11.7 Time synchronization
138 6.11.8 Deferred beacon
6.11.9 Passive channel scan
6.12 LE transmission, reception and acknowledgment
6.12.1 LE transmission, reception, and acknowledgment with positive handshakes
139 6.12.2 Coordinated sampled listening (CSL)
140 6.12.2.1 CSL idle listening
6.12.2.2 CSL transmission
141 6.12.2.3 Unicast transmission
6.12.2.4 Broadcast transmission
142 6.12.2.5 CSL reception
6.12.2.6 CSL over multiple channels
6.12.2.7 Turning off CSL mode to reduce latency
6.12.3 RIT
6.12.3.1 General
143 6.12.3.2 Periodic RIT data request transmission and reception
145 6.12.3.3 RIT transmission
147 6.12.4 Implicit RIT (I-RIT)
6.13 Starting and maintaining TMCTPs
150 6.14 MPM procedure for inter-PHY coexistence
153 6.15 TVWS access procedures
6.16 Channel timing management (CTM)
155 7. MAC frame formats
7.1 Device extended address
7.2 General MAC frame format
7.2.1 Frame Control field
156 7.2.1.1 Frame Type field
7.2.1.2 Security Enabled field
7.2.1.3 Frame Pending field
157 7.2.1.4 AR field
7.2.1.5 PAN ID Compression field
158 7.2.1.6 Sequence Number Suppression
7.2.1.7 IE Present field
7.2.1.8 Destination Addressing Mode field
7.2.1.9 Frame Version field
159 7.2.1.10 Source Addressing Mode field
7.2.2 Sequence Number field
7.2.3 Destination PAN ID field
7.2.4 Destination Address field
160 7.2.5 Source PAN ID field
7.2.6 Source Address field
7.2.7 Auxiliary Security Header field
7.2.8 IE field
7.2.9 Frame Payload field
7.2.10 FCS field
162 7.3 Format of individual frame types
7.3.1 Beacon frame format
163 7.3.1.1 Beacon frame MHR field
164 7.3.1.2 IEs field
7.3.1.3 Superframe Specification field
165 7.3.1.4 GTS Info field
166 7.3.1.5 Pending Address field
7.3.1.6 Beacon Payload field
167 7.3.2 Data frame format
7.3.2.1 Data frame MHR field
7.3.2.2 Data Payload field
7.3.3 Ack frame format
169 7.3.4 MAC command frame format
7.3.4.1 MHR field
7.3.4.2 Command ID field
7.3.4.3 Payload field
7.3.5 Multipurpose frame format
170 7.3.5.1 Frame Type field
7.3.5.2 Long Frame Control field
7.3.5.3 Destination Addressing Mode field
7.3.5.4 Source Addressing Mode field
7.3.5.5 PAN ID Present field
171 7.3.5.6 Security Enabled field
7.3.5.7 Sequence Number Suppression field
7.3.5.8 Frame Pending field
7.3.5.9 Frame Version field
7.3.5.10 Ack Request field
7.3.5.11 IEs Present field
7.3.5.12 Sequence Number field
7.3.5.13 Destination PAN ID field
7.3.5.14 Destination Address field
7.3.5.15 Source Address field
7.3.5.16 Auxiliary Security Header field
172 7.3.5.17 IEs field
7.3.5.18 Payload field
7.3.6 Extended frame format
7.4 IEs
7.4.1 IE list termination
173 7.4.2 Header IEs
7.4.2.1 Header IE format
175 7.4.2.2 Vendor Specific Header IE
7.4.2.3 CSL IE
7.4.2.4 RIT IE
176 7.4.2.5 DSME PAN descriptor IE
178 7.4.2.6 Rendezvous Time IE
7.4.2.7 Time Correction IE
179 7.4.2.8 Extended DSME PAN descriptor IE
180 7.4.2.9 Fragment Sequence Context Description (FSCD) IE
181 7.4.2.10 Simplified Superframe Specification IE
182 7.4.2.11 Simplified GTS Specification IE
7.4.2.12 LECIM Capabilities IE
184 7.4.2.13 RCC Capabilities IE
186 7.4.2.14 RCCN Descriptor IE
187 7.4.2.15 Global Time IE
7.4.2.16 DA IE
188 7.4.2.17 Header Termination 1 IE
7.4.2.18 Header Termination 2 IE
7.4.3 Payload IEs
7.4.3.1 Encapsulated Service Data Unit (ESDU) IE
189 7.4.3.2 MLME IE
7.4.3.3 Payload Termination IE
7.4.4 Nested IE
7.4.4.1 Format of Nested IE
192 7.4.4.2 TSCH Synchronization IE
7.4.4.3 TSCH Slotframe and Link IE
194 7.4.4.4 TSCH Timeslot IE
195 7.4.4.5 Hopping timing IE
7.4.4.6 Enhanced Beacon Filter IE
196 7.4.4.7 MAC Metrics IE
7.4.4.8 All MAC Metrics IE
197 7.4.4.9 Coexistence Specification IE
7.4.4.10 SUN Device Capabilities IE
203 7.4.4.11 SUN FSK Generic PHY IE
204 7.4.4.12 Mode Switch Parameter IE
7.4.4.13 PHY Parameter Change IE
205 7.4.4.14 O-QPSK PHY Mode IE
7.4.4.15 PCA Allocation IE
206 7.4.4.16 LECIM DSSS Operating Mode IE
208 7.4.4.17 LECIM FSK Operating Mode IE
209 7.4.4.18 TVWS PHY Operating Mode Description IE
212 7.4.4.19 TVWS Device Capabilities IE
217 7.4.4.20 TVWS Device Category IE
7.4.4.21 TVWS Device Identification IE
218 7.4.4.22 TVWS Device Location IE
219 7.4.4.23 TVWS Channel Information Query IE
221 7.4.4.24 TVWS Channel Information Source IE
222 7.4.4.25 CTM IE
223 7.4.4.26 Timestamp IE
7.4.4.27 Timestamp Difference IE
7.4.4.28 TMCTP Specification IE
224 7.4.4.29 RCC PHY Operating Mode IE
225 7.4.4.30 Vendor Specific Nested IE
7.4.4.31 Channel hopping IE
226 7.5 MAC commands
7.5.1 Command ID field
227 7.5.2 Association Request command
228 7.5.3 Association Response command
229 7.5.4 Disassociation Notification command
230 7.5.5 Data Request command
231 7.5.6 PAN ID Conflict Notification command
7.5.7 Orphan Notification command
232 7.5.8 Beacon Request command
7.5.9 Enhanced Beacon Request command
7.5.10 Coordinator realignment command
234 7.5.11 GTS request command
7.5.12 DSME Association Request command
236 7.5.13 DSME Association Response command
237 7.5.14 DSME GTS Request command
239 7.5.15 DSME GTS Response command
241 7.5.16 DSME GTS Notify command
242 7.5.17 DSME Information Request command
7.5.18 DSME Information Response command
243 7.5.19 DSME Beacon Allocation Notification command
244 7.5.20 DSME Beacon Collision Notification command
7.5.21 DSME Link Report command
245 7.5.22 RIT Data Request command
246 7.5.23 DBS Request command
247 7.5.24 DBS Response command
248 7.5.25 RIT Data Response command
7.5.26 Vendor Specific command
249 8. MAC services
8.1 Overview
8.2 MAC management service
8.2.1 Primitives supported by the MLME-SAP interface
251 8.2.2 Common requirements for MLME primitives
252 8.2.3 Association primitives
8.2.3.1 MLME-ASSOCIATE.request
253 8.2.3.2 MLME-ASSOCIATE.indication
255 8.2.3.3 MLME-ASSOCIATE.response
256 8.2.3.4 MLME-ASSOCIATE.confirm
258 8.2.4 Disassociation primitives
8.2.4.1 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.request
260 8.2.4.2 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.indication
8.2.4.3 MLME-DISASSOCIATE.confirm
261 8.2.5 Communications notification primitives
8.2.5.1 MLME-BEACON-NOTIFY.indication
264 8.2.5.2 MLME-COMM-STATUS.indication
266 8.2.5.3 MLME-IE-NOTIFY.indication
268 8.2.6 Primitives for reading and writing PIB attributes
8.2.6.1 MLME-GET.request
8.2.6.2 MLME-GET.confirm
269 8.2.6.3 MLME-SET.request
8.2.6.4 MLME-SET.confirm
270 8.2.7 GTS management primitives
8.2.7.1 MLME-GTS.request
271 8.2.7.2 MLME-GTS.confirm
272 8.2.7.3 MLME-GTS.indication
273 8.2.8 Primitives for orphan notification
8.2.8.1 MLME-ORPHAN.indication
274 8.2.8.2 MLME-ORPHAN.response
275 8.2.9 Primitives for resetting the MAC sublayer
8.2.9.1 MLME-RESET.request
8.2.9.2 MLME-RESET.confirm
276 8.2.10 Primitives for specifying the receiver enable time
8.2.10.1 MLME-RX-ENABLE.request
277 8.2.10.2 MLME-RX-ENABLE.confirm
278 8.2.11 Primitives for channel scanning
8.2.11.1 MLME-SCAN.request
281 8.2.11.2 MLME-SCAN.confirm
283 8.2.12 Primitives for updating the superframe configuration
8.2.12.1 MLME-START.request
286 8.2.12.2 MLME-START.confirm
287 8.2.13 Primitives for synchronizing with a coordinator
8.2.13.1 MLME-SYNC.request
288 8.2.13.2 MLME-SYNC-LOSS.indication
290 8.2.14 Primitives for requesting data from a coordinator
8.2.14.1 MLME-POLL.request
291 8.2.14.2 MLME-POLL.confirm
8.2.15 Primitives for specifying dynamic preamble
292 8.2.15.1 MLME-DPS.request
8.2.15.2 MLME-DPS.confirm
293 8.2.15.3 MLME-DPS.indication
8.2.16 Primitives for channel sounding
8.2.16.1 MLME-SOUNDING.request
8.2.16.2 MLME-SOUNDING.confirm
294 8.2.17 Primitives for ranging calibration
295 8.2.17.1 MLME-CALIBRATE.request
8.2.17.2 MLME-CALIBRATE.confirm
296 8.2.18 Primitives for Beacon Generation
8.2.18.1 MLME-BEACON.request
298 8.2.18.2 MLME-BEACON.confirm
299 8.2.18.3 MLME-BEACON-REQUEST.indication
300 8.2.19 Primitives for TSCH
8.2.19.1 MLME-SET-SLOTFRAME.request
301 8.2.19.2 MLME-SET-SLOTFRAME.confirm
8.2.19.3 MLME-SET-LINK.request
303 8.2.19.4 MLME-SET-LINK.confirm
304 8.2.19.5 MLME-TSCH-MODE.request
305 8.2.19.6 MLME-TSCH-MODE.confirm
8.2.19.7 MLME-KEEP-ALIVE.request
306 8.2.19.8 MLME-KEEP-ALIVE.confirm
8.2.20 Primitives for DSME GTS management
8.2.20.1 MLME-DSME-GTS.request
309 8.2.20.2 MLME-DSME-GTS.indication
310 8.2.20.3 MLME-DSME-GTS.response
312 8.2.20.4 MLME-DSME-GTS.confirm
313 8.2.21 Primitives for reporting the link status
8.2.21.1 MLME-DSME-LINK-REPORT.request
314 8.2.21.2 MLME-DSME-LINK-REPORT.indication
315 8.2.21.3 MLME-DSME-LINK-REPORT.confirm
8.2.22 Operating parameter change primitives
8.2.22.1 MLME-PHY-OP-SWITCH.request
317 8.2.22.2 MLME-PHY-OP-SWITCH.indication
319 8.2.22.3 MLME-PHY-OP-SWITCH.confirm
320 8.2.23 TMCTP DBS allocation primitives
8.2.23.1 MLME-DBS.request
321 8.2.23.2 MLME-DBS.indication
322 8.2.23.3 MLME-DBS.response
323 8.2.23.4 MLME-DBS.confirm
324 8.2.24 Primitives for device announcement
8.2.24.1 MLME-DA.request primitive
325 8.2.24.2 MLME-DA.indication primitive
8.2.24.3 MLME-DA.confirm primitive
326 8.2.25 RIT data commands
8.2.25.1 MLME-RIT-REQ.indication
328 8.2.25.2 MLME-RIT-RES.request
329 8.2.25.3 MLME-RIT-RES.indication
331 8.2.25.4 MLME-RIT-RES.confirm
332 8.3 MAC data service
8.3.1 MCPS-DATA.request
336 8.3.2 MCPS-DATA.confirm
339 8.3.3 MCPS-DATA.indication
342 8.3.4 MCPS-PURGE.request
8.3.5 MCPS-PURGE.confirm
343 8.4 MAC constants and PIB attributes
8.4.1 MAC constants
344 8.4.2 MAC PIB attributes
349 8.4.2.1 General MAC PIB attributes for functional organization
352 8.4.2.2 TSCH-specific MAC PIB attributes
8.4.2.2.1 TSCH MAC PIB attributes for macSlotframeTable
353 8.4.2.2.2 TSCH MAC PIB attributes for macLinkTable
354 8.4.2.2.3 TSCH MAC PIB attributes for macTimeslotTemplate
355 8.4.2.3 MAC PIB attributes for hopping sequence
356 8.4.2.4 DSME specific MAC PIB attributes
359 8.4.2.5 LE specific MAC PIB attributes
361 8.4.2.6 MAC performance metrics specific MAC PIB attributes
362 8.4.2.7 Enhanced Beacon Request command specific MAC PIB attributes
363 8.4.2.8 Enhanced Beacon frame specific MAC PIB attributes
364 9. Security
9.1 Overview
9.2 Functional description
9.2.1 Outgoing frame security procedure
366 9.2.2 KeyDescriptor lookup procedure
9.2.3 Incoming frame security procedure, Security Enabled field is set to one
368 9.2.4 Incoming frame security procedure, Security Enabled field is set to zero
369 9.2.5 DeviceDescriptor lookup procedure
370 9.2.6 SecurityLevelDescriptor lookup procedure
9.2.7 Incoming IE security level checking procedure
371 9.2.8 Incoming IE key usage policy checking procedure
9.2.9 Incoming security level checking procedure
9.2.10 Incoming key usage policy checking procedure
372 9.3 Security operations
9.3.1 Integer and octet representation
9.3.2 CCM* nonce
9.3.2.1 CCM* nonce for non-TSCH mode
9.3.2.2 CCM* nonce for TSCH mode
373 9.3.2.3 CCM* nonce for Fragment frames
9.3.3 CCM* prerequisites
374 9.3.4 CCM* transformation data representation
9.3.4.1 Key and nonce data inputs
9.3.4.2 a data and m data
9.3.4.3 c data output
375 9.3.5 CCM* inverse transformation data representation
9.3.5.1 Key and nonce data inputs
9.3.5.2 c data and a data
376 9.3.5.3 m data output
9.4 Auxiliary security header
9.4.1 Security Control field
9.4.1.1 Security Level field
377 9.4.1.2 Key Identifier Mode field
378 9.4.1.3 Frame Counter Suppression field
9.4.1.4 ASN in Nonce
9.4.2 Frame Counter field
379 9.4.3 Key Identifier field
9.4.3.1 Key Source field
9.4.3.2 Key Index field
9.5 Security-related MAC PIB attributes
385 10. General PHY requirements
10.1 General requirements and definitions
386 10.1.1 Operating frequency range
391 10.1.2 Channel assignments
10.1.2.1 Channel numbering for 780 MHz band
10.1.2.2 Channel numbering for 868 MHz, 915 MHz, and 2450 MHz bands
392 10.1.2.3 Channel numbering for CSS PHY
10.1.2.4 Channel numbering for HRP UWB PHY
393 10.1.2.5 Channel numbering for MSK PHY 433 MHz band
394 10.1.2.6 Channel numbering for MSK PHY 2450 MHz band
396 10.1.2.7 Channel numbering for LRP UWB PHY
10.1.2.8 Channel numbering for SUN and TVWS PHYs
399 10.1.2.9 Channel numbering for 2380 MHz band
10.1.2.10 Channel numbering for LECIM PHYs
400 10.1.2.10.1 Channel numbering for LECIM DSSS PHY
10.1.2.10.2 Channel numbering for LECIM FSK PHY
401 10.1.2.11 Channel numbering for RCC PHYs
402 10.1.3 Minimum LIFS and SIFS periods
403 10.1.4 RF power measurement
10.1.5 Transmit power
10.1.6 Out-of-band spurious emission
10.1.7 Receiver sensitivity definitions
404 10.1.8 Common signaling mode (CSM) for SUN PHY
10.2 General radio specifications
10.2.1 TX-to-RX turnaround time
10.2.2 RX-to-TX turnaround time
10.2.3 Error-vector magnitude (EVM) definition
405 10.2.4 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
10.2.5 Receiver ED
406 10.2.6 Link quality indicator (LQI)
10.2.7 Clear channel assessment (CCA)
408 11. PHY services
11.1 Overview
11.2 PHY constants
11.3 PHY PIB attributes
415 12. O-QPSK PHY
12.1 PPDU format
12.1.1 SHR field format
12.1.1.1 Preamble field
12.1.1.2 SFD field
12.1.2 PHR field format
12.1.2.1 Frame Length field
12.1.2.2 PHY Payload field
416 12.2 Modulation and spreading
12.2.1 Data rate
12.2.2 Reference modulator diagram
12.2.3 Bit-to-symbol mapping
12.2.4 Symbol-to-chip mapping
418 12.2.5 O-QPSK modulation
12.2.6 Pulse shape
419 12.2.7 Chip transmission order
12.3 O-QPSK PHY RF requirements
12.3.1 Operating frequency range
420 12.3.2 Transmit power spectral density (PSD) mask
12.3.3 Symbol rate
12.3.4 Receiver sensitivity
12.3.5 Receiver interference rejection
421 12.3.6 TX-to-RX turnaround time
12.3.7 RX-to-TX turnaround time
12.3.8 EVM
12.3.9 Transmit center frequency tolerance
12.3.10 Transmit power
12.3.11 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
12.3.12 Receiver ED
12.3.13 LQI
422 13. Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) PHY
13.1 PPDU format
13.2 Modulation and spreading
13.2.1 BPSK PHY data rates
13.2.2 Reference modulator
13.2.3 Differential encoding
423 13.2.4 Bit-to-chip mapping
13.2.5 BPSK modulation
13.2.5.1 Pulse shape
13.2.5.2 Chip transmission order
13.3 BPSK PHY RF requirements
13.3.1 Operating frequency range
13.3.2 915 MHz band transmit PSD mask
424 13.3.3 Symbol rate
13.3.4 Receiver sensitivity
13.3.5 Receiver interference rejection
13.3.6 TX-to-RX turnaround time
13.3.7 RX-to-TX turnaround time
425 13.3.8 EVM
13.3.9 Transmit center frequency tolerance
13.3.10 Transmit power
13.3.11 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
13.3.12 Receiver ED
13.3.13 LQI
426 14. Amplitude shift keying (ASK) PHY
14.1 Status of ASK PHY
14.2 PPDU format
14.2.1 Preamble field for ASK PHY
14.2.2 SFD for ASK PHY
14.3 Modulation and spreading
14.3.1 ASK PHY data rates
427 14.3.2 Reference modulator
14.3.3 Bit-to-symbol mapping
14.3.4 Symbol-to-chip mapping
428 14.3.5 ASK modulation
430 14.3.6 Pulse shape
14.3.7 Chip transmission order
14.4 ASK PHY RF requirements
14.4.1 Operating frequency range
14.4.2 915 MHz band transmit PSD mask
14.4.3 Symbol rate
431 14.4.4 Receiver sensitivity
14.4.5 Receiver interference rejection
14.4.6 TX-to-RX turnaround time
14.4.7 RX-to-TX turnaround time
14.4.8 EVM
14.4.9 Transmit center frequency tolerance
14.4.10 Transmit power
432 14.4.11 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
14.4.12 Receiver ED
14.4.13 LQI
14.4.14 Example of PSSS encoding
434 15. Chirp spread spectrum (CSS) PHY
15.1 CSS PPDU format
15.1.1 Preamble field
15.1.2 SFD field
435 15.1.3 PHR field
15.1.4 PHY Payload field
15.2 Modulation and spreading
15.2.1 Data rates
15.2.2 Reference modulator
15.2.3 De-multiplexer (DEMUX)
15.2.4 Serial-to-parallel mapping
436 15.2.5 Data-symbol-to-bi-orthogonal-codeword mapping
440 15.2.6 Parallel-to-serial converter and QPSK symbol mapping
15.2.7 DQPSK coding
441 15.2.8 DQPSK-to-DQCSK modulation
15.2.9 CSK generator
15.2.10 Bit interleaver
442 15.3 Waveform and subchirp sequences
15.3.1 Graphical presentation of chirp symbols (subchirp sequences)
15.3.2 Active usage of time gaps
443 15.3.3 Mathematical representation of the continuous time CSS base-band signal
445 15.3.4 Raised cosine window for chirp pulse shaping
15.3.5 Subchirp transmission order
446 15.3.6 Example of CSK signal generation
447 15.4 CSS RF requirements
15.4.1 Transmit power spectral density (PSD) mask and signal tolerance
448 15.4.2 Symbol rate
15.4.3 Receiver sensitivity
15.4.4 Receiver interference rejection
15.4.5 TX-to-RX turnaround time
15.4.6 RX-to-TX turnaround time
15.4.7 Transmit center frequency tolerance
449 15.4.8 Transmit power
15.4.9 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
15.4.10 Receiver ED
15.4.11 LQI
450 16. HRP UWB PHY
16.1 General
16.2 HRP UWB PPDU format
451 16.2.1 PPDU encoding process
453 16.2.2 Symbol structure
454 16.2.3 PSDU timing parameters
456 16.2.4 Preamble timing parameters
458 16.2.5 SHR field
16.2.5.1 SYNC field
461 16.2.5.2 SFD field
16.2.6 PHR field
462 16.2.7 PHY Payload field
463 16.3 Modulation
16.3.1 Modulation mathematical framework
16.3.2 Spreading
465 16.3.3 FEC
16.3.3.1 Reed-Solomon encoding
466 16.3.3.2 Systematic convolutional encoding
467 16.4 RF requirements
16.4.1 Operating frequency bands
468 16.4.2 Channel assignments
16.4.3 Regulatory compliance
16.4.4 Operating temperature range
16.4.5 Baseband impulse response
470 16.4.6 Transmit PSD mask
471 16.4.7 Chip rate clock and chip carrier alignment
16.4.8 TX-to-RX turnaround time
16.4.9 RX-to-TX turnaround time
16.4.10 Transmit center frequency tolerance
16.4.11 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
16.4.12 Receiver ED
16.4.13 LQI
16.4.14 CCA
16.5 HRP UWB PHY optional pulse shapes
472 16.5.1 HRP UWB PHY optional chirp on UWB (CoU) pulses
473 16.5.2 HRP UWB PHY optional continuous spectrum (CS) pulses
474 16.5.3 HRP UWB PHY linear combination of pulses (LCP)
475 16.6 Extended preamble for optional CCA mode 6
476 16.7 Ranging
16.7.1 Ranging counter
16.7.2 Crystal characterization
16.7.2.1 Ranging tracking offset
16.7.2.2 Ranging tracking interval
477 16.7.3 Ranging FoM
479 17. GFSK PHY
17.1 PPDU formats
17.2 Modulation
17.2.1 GFSK PHY data rates
17.2.2 Reference modulator diagram
17.2.3 Data whitening
480 17.2.4 GFSK modulation
17.3 GFSK PHY RF requirements
17.3.1 Operating frequency range
17.3.2 Transmit PSD mask
481 17.3.3 Symbol rate
17.3.4 Receiver sensitivity
17.3.5 Receiver interference rejection
17.3.6 TX-to-RX turnaround time
17.3.7 RX-to-TX turnaround time
17.3.8 Transmit center frequency tolerance
17.3.9 Transmit power
17.3.10 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
482 17.3.11 Receiver ED
17.3.12 LQI
483 18. MSK PHY
18.1 PPDU formats
18.2 Data rate
18.3 SFD for the MSK PHY
484 18.4 MSK modulation
18.4.1 Reference modulator diagram
18.4.2 Data whitening
18.4.3 Bit-to-symbol mapping
18.4.4 Signal modulation
485 18.5 MSK PHY requirements
18.5.1 Operating frequency range
18.5.2 Transmit PSD mask
18.5.3 Symbol rate
486 18.5.4 Transmit center frequency tolerance
18.5.5 Transmit power
18.5.6 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
18.5.7 Modulation frequency deviation tolerance
18.5.8 Zero crossing tolerance
487 19. LRP UWB PHY specification
19.1 Overview
19.2 LRP UWB PHY symbol structure
19.2.1 Base mode LRP UWB PHY symbol structure
488 19.2.1.1 Base mode LRP UWB PHY PSDU synchronization signal
19.2.2 Extended mode LRP UWB PHY symbol structure
489 19.2.2.1 Extended mode LRP UWB PHY PSDU synchronization signal
490 19.2.3 Long-range mode LRP UWB PHY symbol structure
19.2.3.1 Long-range mode LRP UWB PHY PSDU synchronization signal
491 19.3 LRP UWB SHR
19.3.1 LRP UWB SHR preamble
19.3.1.1 LRP UWB base mode SHR preamble
19.3.1.2 RP UWB extended mode SHR preamble
19.3.1.3 LRP UWB long-range mode SHR preamble
19.3.2 LRP UWB SHR SFD
19.4 LRP UWB PHR
492 19.4.1 Encoding Type field
19.4.2 Header Extension field
493 19.4.3 SECDED field
19.4.4 Frame Length field
19.4.5 LEIP Length field
19.4.6 LEIP Position field
494 19.5 LRP UWB PSDU
19.6 LRP UWB location enhancing information postamble
19.7 LRP UWB transmitter specification
19.7.1 Pulse shape
495 19.7.2 Pulse timing
19.7.3 Transmit PSD mask
496 19.8 LRP UWB receiver specification
497 20. SUN FSK PHY
20.1 Introduction
20.2 PPDU format for SUN FSK
498 20.2.1 SHR field format
20.2.1.1 Preamble field
20.2.1.2 SFD
499 20.2.2 PHR field format
20.2.3 Mode Switch PHR
501 20.2.4 PHY Payload field
20.3 Modulation and coding for SUN FSK
503 20.3.1 Reference modulator
504 20.3.2 Bit-to-symbol mapping
505 20.3.3 Modulation quality
20.3.3.1 Frequency deviation tolerance
506 20.3.3.2 Zero crossing tolerance
20.3.4 FEC
509 20.3.5 Code-symbol interleaving
510 20.4 Data whitening for SUN FSK
20.5 Mode switch mechanism for SUN FSK
513 20.6 SUN FSK PHY RF requirements
20.6.1 Operating frequency range
20.6.2 Regulatory compliance
20.6.3 Radio frequency tolerance
514 20.6.4 Channel switch time
20.6.5 Transmitter symbol rate
20.6.6 Transmit spectral mask
20.6.7 Receiver sensitivity
515 20.6.8 Receiver interference rejection
20.6.9 TX-to-RX turnaround time
20.6.10 RX-to-TX turnaround time
20.6.11 Transmit power
20.6.12 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
20.6.13 Receiver ED
20.6.14 LQI
516 21. SUN OFDM PHY
21.1 Introduction
21.2 PPDU format for SUN OFDM
21.2.1 Short Training field (STF)
21.2.1.1 Frequency domain STF
519 21.2.1.2 Time domain STF generation
21.2.1.3 Time domain STF repetition
520 21.2.1.4 STF normalization
21.2.2 Long Training field (LTF)
21.2.2.1 Frequency domain LTF
523 21.2.2.2 Time domain LTF generation
21.2.2.3 LTF normalization
21.2.3 PHR
524 21.2.4 PSDU field
21.3 Data rates for SUN OFDM
525 21.4 Modulation and coding for SUN OFDM
21.4.1 Reference modulator diagram
21.4.2 Bit-to-symbol mapping
527 21.4.3 PIB attribute values for phySymbolsPerOctet
21.4.4 FEC
528 21.4.5 Interleaver
530 21.4.6 Frequency spreading
21.4.6.1 Frequency spreading by 2x
21.4.6.2 Frequency spreading by 4x
531 21.4.6.3 No spreading
21.4.7 Pilot tones/null tones
534 21.4.8 Cyclic prefix (CP)
21.4.9 PPDU Tail field
21.4.10 Pad field
535 21.4.11 Scrambler and scrambler seeds
536 21.5 SUN OFDM PHY RF requirements
21.5.1 Operating frequency range
21.5.2 Transmit power spectral density (PSD) mask
21.5.3 Receiver sensitivity
21.5.4 Adjacent channel rejection
537 21.5.5 Alternate channel rejection
21.5.6 TX-to-RX turnaround time
21.5.7 RX-to-TX turnaround time
21.5.8 EVM definition
539 21.5.9 Transmit center frequency and symbol tolerance
21.5.10 Transmit power
21.5.11 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
21.5.12 Receiver ED
21.5.13 LQI
540 22. SUN O-QPSK PHY
22.1 Introduction
22.2 PPDU format for SUN O-QPSK
22.2.1 SHR field format
22.2.1.1 Preamble field format
541 22.2.1.2 SFD field format
22.2.2 PHR field format
542 22.2.3 PHY Payload field
22.3 Modulation and coding for SUN O-QPSK
22.3.1 Reference modulator
543 22.3.2 SHR coding and spreading
544 22.3.3 PHR coding and spreading
22.3.4 PSDU coding and spreading for DSSS
546 22.3.5 PSDU coding and spreading for MDSSS
547 22.3.6 FEC
549 22.3.7 Code-bit interleaving
550 22.3.8 Bit differential encoding (BDE)
551 22.3.9 DSSS bit-to-chip mapping
555 22.3.10 MDSSS bit-to-chip mapping
559 22.3.11 Chip whitening
560 22.3.12 Pilot insertion
561 22.3.13 Modulation parameters for O-QPSK
562 22.4 Support of legacy devices of the 780 MHz, 915 MHz, and 2450 MHz O-QPSK PHYs
22.5 SUN O-QPSK PHY RF requirements
22.5.1 Operating frequency range
22.5.2 Transmit power spectral density (PSD) mask
563 22.5.3 Receiver sensitivity
22.5.4 Adjacent channel rejection
564 22.5.5 TX-to-RX turnaround time
22.5.6 RX-to-TX turnaround time
22.5.7 EVM definition
22.5.8 Transmit center frequency and symbol tolerance
565 22.5.9 Transmit power
22.5.10 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
22.5.11 Receiver ED
22.5.12 LQI
22.5.13 CCA
566 23. LECIM DSSS PHYs
23.1 PPDU format for DSSS
23.2 Modulation and spreading
23.2.1 Data rate
567 23.2.2 Reference modulator diagram
23.2.3 Convolutional FEC encoding
568 23.2.4 Interleaver
23.2.4.1 256-bit fragment size
23.2.4.2 384-bit fragment size
569 23.2.4.3 512-bit fragment size
23.2.5 Differential encoding
570 23.2.6 Bit-to-symbol and symbol-to-chip encoding
23.2.6.1 Gold code generator
571 23.2.6.2 Orthogonal variable spreading factor (OVSF) code generator
574 23.2.7 BPSK/O-QPSK modulation
23.2.7.1 BPSK modulation
23.2.7.2 O-QPSK modulation
23.3 PSDU fragmentation
575 23.3.1 Configuration
23.3.2 Fragmentation
576 23.3.3 Fragment packet
23.3.4 Calculating FICS field using MIC
577 23.3.5 Fragment acknowledgment and retransmission
23.3.6 Frak
23.3.6.1 Frak policy
578 23.3.6.2 Frak format
579 23.3.7 Reassembly
23.4 DSSS PHY RF requirements
23.4.1 Radio frequency tolerance
23.4.2 Channel switch time
23.4.3 Transmit spectral mask
23.4.4 Receiver sensitivity
580 23.4.5 Receiver interference rejection
581 23.4.6 TX-to-RX turnaround time
23.4.7 RX-to-TX turnaround time
23.4.8 Transmit power
582 24. LECIM FSK PHY specification
24.1 General
24.2 PPDU format for LECIM FSK PHY
24.2.1 SHR field format
24.2.1.1 Preamble field format
24.2.1.2 SFD field format
24.2.2 PHR field format
583 24.2.3 PHY Payload field
24.3 Modulation and coding for LECIM FSK PHY
24.3.1 Reference modulator
584 24.3.2 Bit-to-symbol mapping
585 24.3.3 Modulation quality
24.3.3.1 Frequency deviation tolerance
24.3.3.2 Zero crossing tolerance
24.3.4 FEC
586 24.3.5 Code-bit interleaving
587 24.3.6 Spreading
588 24.4 Data whitening for LECIM FSK PHY
589 24.5 LECIM FSK PHY RF requirements
24.5.1 Operating frequency range
24.5.2 Radio frequency tolerance
24.5.3 Channel switch time
24.5.4 Transmit spectral mask
24.5.5 Receiver sensitivity
590 24.5.6 TX-to-RX turnaround time
24.5.7 RX-to-TX turnaround time
24.5.8 Transmit power
591 25. TVWS-FSK PHY
25.1 PPDU format for TVWS-FSK
25.1.1 SHR field format
25.1.1.1 Preamble field format
25.1.1.2 SFD field format
25.1.2 PHR field format
592 25.1.3 PHY Payload field
25.2 Modulation and coding for TVWS-FSK
593 25.2.1 Reference modulator
25.2.2 FEC and interleaving
25.2.3 Data whitening
25.2.4 Spreading
594 25.2.5 Bit-to-symbol mapping
25.2.6 Modulation quality
25.2.7 Values for phySymbolsPerOctet
595 25.3 TVWS-FSK RF requirements
25.3.1 Operating frequency range
25.3.2 Clock frequency and timing accuracy
25.3.3 Channel switch time
25.3.4 Receiver sensitivity
25.3.5 TX-to-RX turnaround time
25.3.6 RX-to-TX turnaround time
25.3.7 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
25.3.8 Receiver ED
25.3.9 LQI
596 26. TVWS-OFDM PHY
26.1 General
26.2 PPDU format for TVWS-OFDM
26.2.1 STF
26.2.1.1 Frequency domain STF
597 26.2.1.2 Time domain STF generation
598 26.2.1.3 Time domain STF repetition
26.2.1.4 STF power boosting
26.2.2 LTF
26.2.2.1 Frequency domain LTF
599 26.2.2.2 Time domain LTF generation
600 26.2.3 PHR field format
26.2.4 PSDU field
601 26.3 System parameters for TVWS-OFDM
26.4 Modulation and coding for TVWS-OFDM
26.4.1 Reference modulator
602 26.4.2 Bit-to-symbol mapping
603 26.4.3 FEC
26.4.4 Interleaver
605 26.4.5 Pilot tones/null tones
606 26.4.6 CP
26.4.7 PPDU Tail field
26.4.8 Pad field
26.4.9 Scrambler and scrambler seeds
607 26.5 TVWS-OFDM RF requirements
26.5.1 Operating frequency range
26.5.2 Pulse shaping
26.5.3 Transmit power spectral density (PSD) mask
26.5.4 Receiver sensitivity
26.5.5 TX-to-RX turnaround time
26.5.6 RX-to-TX turnaround time
26.5.7 EVM definition
609 26.5.8 Transmit center frequency and symbol tolerance
610 27. TVWS-NB-OFDM PHY
27.1 PPDU format for TVWS-NB-OFDM
27.1.1 Short Training field (STF)
27.1.1.1 Frequency domain STF
613 27.1.1.2 Time domain STF generation
27.1.1.3 Time domain STF repetition
614 27.1.1.4 STF normalization
27.1.2 Long training field (LTF)
27.1.2.1 Frequency domain LTF generation
617 27.1.2.2 Time domain LTF generation
618 27.1.2.3 Time domain LTF repetition
27.1.2.4 LTF normalization
619 27.1.3 PHR
27.1.4 PHY Payload field
27.2 System parameters for TVWS-NB-OFDM
620 27.3 Modulation and coding parameters for TVWS-NB-OFDM
27.3.1 Reference modulator
621 27.3.2 Scrambler and scrambler seed
27.3.3 Outer encoding
622 27.3.4 Inner encoding
624 27.3.5 Pad bit insertion
27.3.6 Spreader
625 27.3.7 Bit interleaving
27.3.8 Subcarrier mapping
627 27.3.9 Frequency interleaving
628 27.3.10 Pilot tones
27.3.11 Cyclic prefix
27.3.12 Pulse shaping
629 27.3.13 PIB attribute values for phySymbolsPerOctet
27.4 Channel aggregation for TVWS-NB-OFDM
27.5 TVWS-NB-OFDM RF requirements
27.5.1 Operating frequency range
27.5.2 Receiver sensitivity
630 27.5.3 TX-to-RX turnaround time
27.5.4 RX-to-TX turnaround time
27.5.5 EVM definition
631 27.5.6 Transmit center frequency and symbol tolerance
632 28. RCC LMR PHY
28.1 RCC PHY overview
28.2 PPDU format
28.2.1 SHR
633 28.2.2 PHR
28.2.3 PHY payload
28.2.4 Tail bits
28.3 FEC
634 28.4 Interleaver
28.5 Data whitening
635 28.6 Modulation
28.6.1 GMSK
28.6.2 4-FSK
636 28.6.3 QPSK
637 28.6.4 p/4 DQPSK
28.6.5 DSSS DPSK
639 28.7 Reference modulator
28.8 LMR PHY RF requirements
28.8.1 Transmitter symbol rate tolerance
28.8.2 Channel switching time
28.8.3 Error vector magnitude
28.8.4 Receiver sensitivity
28.8.5 Receiver interference rejection
640 28.8.6 Receiver maximum input level of desired signal
28.8.7 TX-to-RX turnaround time
28.8.8 RX-to-TX turnaround time
28.8.9 Receiver ED
28.8.10 LQI
641 29. RCC DSSS BPSK PHY
29.1 Overview
29.2 RCC DSSS BPSK PHY specification
642 Annex A (informative) Bibliography
644 Annex B (normative) CCM* mode of operation
650 Annex C (informative) Test vectors for cryptographic building blocks
663 Annex D (informative) Protocol implementation conformance statement (PICS) proforma
682 Annex E (informative) MPSK PHY
687 Annex F (normative) Time-slot relaying based link extension (TRLE)

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