NECA 416:2016

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Recommended Practice for Installing Energy Storage Systems (ESS)

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
NECA	2016	70

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Category: NECA

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Description

This Recommended Practice describes installation practices for Energy Storage Systems (ESS) such as battery systems, flywheels, ultra-capacitors, and smart chargers used for electric vehicle (EV) vehicleto- grid (V2G) applications.

Products and Applications Included

Products and applications that are covered by this Recommended Practice include:

Battery systems
Flywheels
Ultra-Capacitors
Electric vehicle (EV) smart charger vehicle-togrid (V2G) applications

While Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES), Pumped Hydro Storage (PHS), and Thermal Energy Storage (TES) are not covered by this Recommended Practice (see Section 1.2), electrical equipment and components for use in CAES, PHS, and TES should be installed in accordance with this Recommended Practice.

Products and Applications Excluded

Products and applications that are not covered by this Recommended Practice, but that are discussed in informational Annexes, include:

Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES)
Pumped Hydro Storage (PHS)
Thermal Energy Storage (TES)

Electrical energy can be used to create hydrogen that can be stored for later use. Hydrogen is considered to be fuel rather than means of energy storage. As such, hydrogen is not covered by this Recommended Practice. Additionally, Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) is not covered by this Recommended Practice due to the extremely short discharge time and limited energy capacity that restricts its application to power quality applications only, and not to longer-duration energy storage applications.

Regulatory and Other Requirements

All information in this publication is intended to conform to the NEC (ANSI/NFPA 70). Installers shall follow the NEC, applicable state and local codes, manufacturer’s instructions, and contract documents when installing Energy Storage Systems (ESS).

Only qualified persons as defined in the NEC familiar with the construction and installation of Energy Storage Systems (ESS) and ESS devices and system components shall perform the technical work described in this publication.

Administrative functions such as receiving, handling and storing, and other tasks may be performed under the supervision of a qualified person. All work shall be performed in accordance with NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace.

General requirements for installing electrical products and systems are described in NECA 1, Standard for Good Workmanship in Electrical Construction (ANSI). Other NEIS provide additional guidance for installing particular types of electrical products and systems. A complete list of NEIS is provided in Annex F.

Mandatory Requirements, Permissive Requirements, Quality and Performance Recommendations, Explanatory Material, and Informative Annexes

Mandatory requirements in manufacturer’s instructions, or of Codes or other mandatory Standards that may or not be adopted into law, are those that identify actions that are specifically required or prohibited and are characterized by the use of the terms “must” or “must not,” “shall” or “shall not,” or “are required,” or “may not,” or “are not permitted,” or by the use of positive phrasing of mandatory requirements.

Examples of mandatory requirements may equally take the form of, “equipment must be protected . . .,” “equipment shall be protected . . .,” or “protect equipment . . .,” with the latter interpreted (understood) as “(it is necessary to) protect equipment . . .”

Permissive requirements of manufacturer’s instructions, or of Codes or other mandatory Standards that may or not be adopted into law, are those that identify actions that are allowed but not required, are normally used to describe options or alternative means and methods, and are characterized in this Recommended Practice by the use of the terms “may,” or “are permitted,” or “are not required.”

Quality and performance recommendations identify actions that are recommended or not recommended to improve the overall quality or performance of the installation and are characterized by the use of the terms “should” or “should not.”

Explanatory material, such as references to other Codes, Standards, or documents, references to related sections of this Recommended Practice, information related to another Code, Standard, or document, and supplemental application and design information and data, is included throughout this Recommended Practice to expand the understanding of mandatory requirements, permissive requirements, and quality and performance recommendations. Such explanatory material is included for information only, and is identified by the use of the term “NOTE,” or by the use of italicized text.

Non-mandatory information and other reference standards or documents relative to the application and use of materials, equipment, and systems covered by this Recommended Practice are provided in informative annexes.

Informative annexes are not part of the enforceable requirements of this Recommended Practice, but are included for information purposes only.

Additional information