NFPA 30 2024

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NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
NFPA	2024	186

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Description

There are significant dangers to life and property associated with storing, handling, and using ignitible liquids. NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, offers comprehensive requirements for safeguarding against related fire and explosion hazards. Content covers vital safety criteria for indoor and outdoor liquid storage containers and tanks, hazardous material storage lockers, tank vehicles, piping systems, electrical systems, storage areas, wharves, and processing facilities. From dispensing, handling, transferring, and the utilization of ignitible liquids to operations, equipment, and fire prevention and risk control, NFPA 30 is a must-have for anyone responsible for flammable and combustible liquids compliance. The 2021 edition offers cutting-edge provisions and best practices for improved safety around flammable and combustible liquids. Enforceable under OSHA and many state and local regulations, NFPA 30 is the most current and complete publication for general requirements for storage of ignitible liquids in a broad range of occupancies and operations. Revisions and additions to the code are dictated by industry experience and advancements in technology and include: Sweeping changes in the classification scheme for liquids, including the introduction of the term ignitible liquid to initiate a transition whereby the terms flammable liquid and combustible liquid are no longer used. This causes the requirements in NFPA 30 and other codes and standards to adopt a scheme based exclusively on the liquid physical state and property (i.e., the liquid flash point), for all liquids that can be ignited. The necessity for this change stems from the existence of multiple regulatory systems that use the terms flammable liquid and combustible liquid inconsistently, leading to confusion in how to apply regulations properly among overlapping regulatory authorities, such as fire officials, occupational safety officials, and transportation officials. The term ignitible liquid is now used to include all liquids with a measurable flash point. The terms flammable liquid and combustible liquid have been retained in a diminished capacity to assist existing code users in the transition. Unless otherwise specified, the term liquid means ignitible liquid. As a result of the change in approach for classifying liquids, Chapter 4 is no longer for defining the liquid classification but instead for establishing the classification scheme based on the introduced flash point and boiling point criteria. Chapter 3 now defines specific liquids. Revisions to Chapters 1, 3, and 4 to make the requirements consistent with each other in terms of the scope of the code, specific terminology, and the evaluation of liquids within the classification scheme Implementation of the new classification scheme outlined in Chapter 4 throughout the code and annexes

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
2	Important Notices and Disclaimers
3	Additional Important Notices and Disclaimers
17	Chapter 1 Administration 1.1 Scope. 1.2 Purpose. 1.3 Application.
18	1.4 Retroactivity. 1.5 Equivalency. 1.6 Symbols, Units, and Formulas. 1.7 Code Adoption Requirements. (Reserved) 1.8 Permits. (Reserved) 1.9 Enforcement.
19	Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 2.1 General. 2.2 NFPA Publications. 2.3 Other Publications.
21	2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections. Chapter 3 Definitions 3.1 General. 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions. 3.3 General Definitions.
25	Chapter 4 Classification of Liquids 4.1 Scope. 4.2 Classification Scheme. 4.3 Determination of Boiling Point (BP). 4.4 Determination of Flash Point (FP). Chapter 5 General Requirements (Reserved)
26	Chapter 6 Fire and Explosion Prevention and Risk Control 6.1 Scope. 6.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 6. (Reserved) 6.3 Management of Fire and Explosion Hazards. 6.4 Hazards Analysis. 6.5 Control of Ignition Sources.
27	6.6 Detection and Alarm Systems and Procedures. 6.7 Fire Protection and Fire Suppression Systems. 6.8 Explosion Protection Systems. 6.9 Emergency Planning and Training.
28	6.10 Inspection and Maintenance. 6.11 Management of Security.
29	6.12 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control. Chapter 7 Electrical Systems 7.1 Scope. 7.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 7. (Reserved) 7.3 General Requirements.
32	7.4 Application of Area Classification. Chapter 8 Reserved Chapter 9 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Containers — General Requirements 9.1 Scope. 9.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 9. 9.3 General Requirements.
33	9.4 Acceptable Containers.
34	9.5 Liquid Storage Cabinets.
35	9.6 Maximum Allowable Quantities (MAQs) per Control Area.
36	9.7 Control Areas. 9.8 Classification of Occupancies That Exceed the Maximum Allowable Quantities of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids per Control Area. 9.9 Construction Requirements.
37	9.10 Fire Protection. 9.11 Emergency Control Systems. (Reserved) 9.12 Electrical Systems. 9.13 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control.
38	9.14 Ventilation. 9.15 Exhausted Enclosures. (Reserved) 9.16 Explosion Control. 9.17 Separation from Incompatible Materials. 9.18 Dispensing, Handling, and Use of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Storage Areas. 9.19 Outdoor Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids. Chapter 10 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Containers — Mercantile Occupancies 10.1 Scope. 10.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 10. (Reserved) 10.3 General Requirements.
39	10.4 Reserved. 10.5 Reserved. 10.6 Reserved. 10.7 Control Areas. 10.8 Specific Restrictions. 10.9 Construction Requirements. 10.10 Fire Protection.
40	10.11 Emergency Control Systems. (Reserved) 10.12 Electrical Systems. 10.13 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control. 10.14 Ventilation. 10.15 Exhausted Enclosures. (Reserved) 10.16 Explosion Control. (Reserved) 10.17 Separation from Incompatible Materials. 10.18 Dispensing, Handling, and Use of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Mercantile Occupancies. 10.19 Outdoor Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids. Chapter 11 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Containers — Industrial Occupancies 11.1 Scope. 11.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 11. (Reserved) 11.3 General Requirements. Chapter 12 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Containers — Storage Occupancies 12.1 Scope. 12.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 12. 12.3 General Requirements.
41	12.4 Reserved. 12.5 Reserved. 12.6 Maximum Allowable Quantities and Maximum Storage Heights. 12.7 Control Areas. 12.8 General-Purpose Warehouses.
42	12.9 Construction Requirements. 12.10 Fire Protection. 12.11 Emergency Control Systems. (Reserved) 12.12 Electrical Systems. 12.13 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control. 12.14 Ventilation.
43	12.15 Exhausted Enclosures. (Reserved) 12.16 Explosion Control. 12.17 Separation from Incompatible Materials. 12.18 Dispensing, Handling, and Use of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Storage Occupancies. 12.19 Outdoor Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids. Chapter 13 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Containers — Detached, Unprotected Buildings 13.1 Scope. 13.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 13. (Reserved) 13.3 General Requirements. 13.4 Reserved. 13.5 Reserved. 13.6 Maximum Allowable Quantities and Maximum Storage Heights. 13.7 Control Areas. (Reserved) 13.8 Reserved. 13.9 Construction Requirements. 13.10 Fire Protection.
44	13.11 Emergency Control Systems. (Reserved) 13.12 Electrical Systems. 13.13 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control. 13.14 Ventilation. 13.15 Exhausted Enclosure. (Reserved) 13.16 Explosion Control. 13.17 Separation from Incompatible Materials. 13.18 Dispensing, Handling, and Use of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Detached, Unprotected Buildings. 13.19 Outdoor Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids. Chapter 14 Hazardous Materials Storage Lockers 14.1 Scope. 14.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 14. (Reserved) 14.3 General Requirements. 14.4 Design and Construction of Hazardous Materials Storage Lockers. 14.5 Designated Sites for Hazardous Materials Storage Lockers. 14.6 Storage Requirements.
45	Chapter 15 Outdoor Storage 15.1 Scope. 15.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 15. (Reserved) 15.3 General Requirements.
46	15.4 Outdoor Storage Adjacent to a Building. Chapter 16 Automatic Fire Protection for Control Areas, Liquid Storage Rooms, and Liquid Warehouses 16.1 Scope. 16.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 16.
47	16.3 General Requirements. 16.4 Automatic Sprinkler and Foam-Water Sprinkler Fire Protection Systems.
49	16.5 Fire Protection System Design Criteria.
62	16.6 Fire Protection System Design Schemes.
70	16.7 Water Supply. 16.8 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control.
72	16.9 Other Automatic Fire Protection Systems. 16.10 Distilled Spirits in Wooden Barrels.
79	Chapter 17 Processing Facilities 17.1 Scope. 17.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 17. (Reserved) 17.3 General Requirements. 17.4 Location of Process Vessels and Equipment. 17.5 Accessibility. 17.6 Construction Requirements.
81	17.7 Fire Protection. (Reserved) 17.8 Emergency Control Systems. (Reserved) 17.9 Electrical Systems. 17.10 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control.
82	17.11 Ventilation. 17.12 Explosion Control. (Reserved) 17.13 Process Structures. (Reserved) 17.14 Process Equipment and Vessels. 17.15 Management of Operations Hazards.
83	Chapter 18 Dispensing, Handling, Transfer, and Use of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids 18.1 Scope. 18.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 18. (Reserved) 18.3 General Requirements. 18.4 Dispensing, Handling, Transfer, and Use. 18.5 Incidental Operations.
84	18.6 Ventilation for Dispensing Areas.
85	Chapter 19 Specific Operations 19.1 Scope. 19.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 19. 19.3 General Requirements. (Reserved) 19.4 Recirculating Heat Transfer Systems. 19.5 Vapor Recovery and Vapor Processing Systems.
86	19.6 Solvent Distillation Units.
87	19.7 Cooking Oil Storage Tank Systems in Commercial Kitchens.
89	Chapter 20 Reserved Chapter 21 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Tanks — Requirements for All Storage Tanks 21.1 Scope. 21.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 21. 21.3 General Requirements. 21.4 Design and Construction of Storage Tanks.
91	21.5 Testing Requirements for Tanks.
92	21.6 Fire Prevention and Control.
93	21.7 Operation of Storage Tanks.
95	21.8 Inspection and Maintenance of Storage Tanks and Storage Tank Appurtenances. 21.9 Change of Stored Liquid.
96	Chapter 22 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Tanks — Aboveground Storage Tanks 22.1 Scope. 22.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 22. 22.3 General Requirements. 22.4 Location of Aboveground Storage Tanks.
99	22.5 Installation of Aboveground Storage Tanks.
100	22.6 Vent Piping for Aboveground Tanks. 22.7 Emergency Relief Venting for Fire Exposure for Aboveground Storage Tanks.
102	22.8 Fire Protection for Aboveground Storage Tanks. 22.9 Additional Requirements for Fire-Resistant Aboveground Storage Tanks. 22.10 Additional Requirements for Protected Aboveground Storage Tanks. 22.11 Control of Spills from Aboveground Storage Tanks.
104	22.12 Equipment, Piping, and Fire Protection Systems in Remote Impoundment Areas and Diked Areas.
105	22.13 Tank Openings Other than Vents. 22.14 Aboveground Storage Tanks Located in Areas Subject to Flooding. 22.15 Collision Protection for Aboveground Storage Tanks. 22.16 Installation Instructions for Aboveground Storage Tanks. 22.17 Inspection and Maintenance of Aboveground Storage Tanks.
106	Chapter 23 Storage of Ignitible (Flammable or Combustible) Liquids in Tanks — Underground Tanks 23.1 Scope. 23.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 23. (Reserved) 23.3 General Requirements. 23.4 Location of Underground Storage Tanks. 23.5 Installation of Underground Storage Tanks. 23.6 Normal Venting for Underground Storage Tanks.
107	23.7 Reserved. 23.8 Reserved. 23.9 Reserved. 23.10 Reserved. 23.11 Control of Spills from Underground Storage Tanks. (Reserved) 23.12 Reserved. 23.13 Tank Openings Other than Vents. 23.14 Underground Storage Tanks Located in Areas Subject to Flooding. 23.15 Reserved. 23.16 Installation Instructions for Underground Storage Tanks. 23.17 Inspection and Maintenance of Underground Storage Tanks.
108	Chapter 24 Storage Tank Buildings 24.1 Scope. 24.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 24. (Reserved) 24.3 General Requirements. (Reserved) 24.4 Location of Storage Tank Buildings. 24.5 Construction of Storage Tank Buildings.
109	24.6 Fire Protection for Storage Tank Buildings. 24.7 Emergency Control Systems for Storage Tank Buildings. (Reserved) 24.8 Electrical Systems for Storage Tank Buildings. 24.9 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control from Storage Tank Buildings. 24.10 Ventilation for Storage Tank Buildings.
110	24.11 Reserved. 24.12 Explosion Control. (Reserved) 24.13 Vents for Tanks Inside Storage Tank Buildings. 24.14 Tank Openings Other than Vents for Tanks Inside Storage Tank Buildings.
111	24.15 Detection and Alarm Systems for Storage Tank Buildings. 24.16 Inspection and Maintenance for Storage Tank Buildings. Chapter 25 Storage Tank Vaults 25.1 Scope. 25.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 25. (Reserved) 25.3 General Requirements. 25.4 Location of Storage Tank Vaults. 25.5 Construction and Installation of Storage Tank Vaults.
112	25.6 Fire Protection for Storage Tank Vaults. 25.7 Emergency Controls for Storage Tank Vaults. (Reserved) 25.8 Electrical Systems for Storage Tank Vaults. 25.9 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control for Storage Tank Vaults. 25.10 Ventilation Systems for Storage Tank Vaults. 25.11 Reserved. 25.12 Explosion Control. (Reserved) 25.13 Vents for Tanks Inside Storage Tank Vaults. 25.14 Tank Openings Other than Vents for Tanks Inside Storage Tank Vaults. (Reserved) 25.15 Detection and Alarm Systems for Storage Tank Vaults. 25.16 Inspection and Maintenance of Storage Tank Vaults and Equipment. Chapter 26 Petroleum Production Sites 26.1 Scope. 26.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 26. 26.3 Tank Design Standards.
113	26.4 Identification for Emergency Responders. 26.5 Emergency Venting. 26.6 Operation and Maintenance. 26.7 Overfill Protection Requirements. 26.8 Security. Chapter 27 Piping Systems 27.1 Scope. 27.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 27. 27.3 General Requirements. 27.4 Materials of Construction for Piping Systems.
114	27.5 Pipe Joints.
115	27.6 Installation of Piping Systems. 27.7 Testing of Piping Systems.
116	27.8 Vent Piping. 27.9 Bonding and Grounding. 27.10 Identification and Marking of Piping Systems. 27.11 Special Requirements for Marine Piping Systems.
117	27.12 Removal from Service of Piping Systems. Chapter 28 Bulk Loading and Unloading Facilities for Tank Cars and Tank Vehicles 28.1 Scope. 28.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 28. (Reserved) 28.3 General Requirements. 28.4 Location of Loading and Unloading Facilities. 28.5 Roofed Structures. 28.6 Fire Protection. (Reserved) 28.7 Emergency Control Systems. (Reserved) 28.8 Electrical Systems. 28.9 Containment, Drainage, and Spill Control. 28.10 Equipment. 28.11 Operating Requirements.
119	Chapter 29 Wharves 29.1 Scope. 29.2 Definitions Specific to Chapter 29. (Reserved) 29.3 General Requirements.
121	Annex A Explanatory Material
147	Annex B Background on Ignitible (Flammable and Combustible) Liquid Nomenclature Change
149	Annex C Emergency Relief Venting for Fire Exposure for Aboveground Tanks
153	Annex D Temporarily Out of Service, Closure in Place, or Closure by Removal of Underground Storage Tanks
155	Annex E Development of Fire Protection System Design Criteria for Chapter 16 and Suggested Fire Protection for Some Containers of Ignitible (Flammable and Combustible) Liquids Not Covered in Chapter 16
161	Annex F Using Thermal Radiation Modeling for Tank Spacing
163	Annex G Suggested Test Protocol for Developing Fire Protection System Design Criteria for Containers of Ignitible (Flammable and Combustible) Liquids
168	Annex H Fugitive Emissions Calculations
169	Annex I Management of Security
171	Annex J Sample Ordinance Adopting NFPA 30
172	Annex K Informational References