NFPA 68 2007

$80.71

Standard on Explosion Protection by Deflagration Venting

Published By	Publication Date	Number of Pages
NFPA	2007	92

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Category: NFPA

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Description

Industrial fire protection and fire safety depends on correct application of NFPA 68.

Revised from a Guide to a Standard for 2007, NFPA 68 applies to the design, location, installation, maintenance, and use of devices and systems that vent the combustion gases and pressures resulting from a deflagration within an enclosure so that structural and mechanical damage is minimized. As part of its revision, the Standard includes a performance-based option, including two new chapters supporting the performance-based aspect.

Other important updates for 2007:

The general equation for determining the required vent area for a dust explosion is revised based upon correlations with additional experimental data. This provides improved correlation for dust explosions using typical industrial process conditions.

Special conditions such as treatment for panel inertia, partial volume explosions, and elevated pressure are refined based upon experimental data review.

Chapter 11 on Inspection and Maintenance is expanded to include management of change and training.

The Standard’s new and updated definitions are essential to characterizing deflagration hazards.

PDF Catalog

PDF Pages	PDF Title
4	2.1 General 2.1 General 2.2 NFPA Publications 2.2 NFPA Publications
9	Chapter 1 Administration Chapter 1 Administration 1.1 Scope 1.1 Scope 1.2 Purpose 1.2 Purpose 1.3 Application 1.3 Application 1.4 Equivalency 1.4 Equivalency 1.5 Retroactivity 1.5 Retroactivity 1.6 Conversion Factors 1.6 Conversion Factors
10	1.7 Symbols 1.7 Symbols 1.8 Pressure 1.8 Pressure Chapter 2 Referenced Publications Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 2.3 Other Publications 2.3 Other Publications 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections
11	Chapter 3 Definitions Chapter 3 Definitions 3.1 General 3.1 General 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions 3.3 General Definitions 3.3 General Definitions
12	Chapter 4 General Requirements Chapter 4 General Requirements 4.1 Goal 4.1 Goal 4.2 Objectives 4.2 Objectives 4.3 Compliance Options 4.3 Compliance Options Chapter 5 Performance-Based Design Option Chapter 5 Performance-Based Design Option 5.1 General Requirements 5.1 General Requirements
13	5.2 Performance Criteria 5.2 Performance Criteria Chapter 6 Fundamentals of Venting of Deflagrations Chapter 6 Fundamentals of Venting of Deflagrations 6.1 Basic Concepts 6.1 Basic Concepts 6.2 Mixtures 6.2 Mixtures 6.3 Enclosure Design and Support 6.3 Enclosure Design and Support
15	6.4 Enclosure Length-to-Diameter Ratio and Vent Variables 6.4 Enclosure Length-to-Diameter Ratio and Vent Variables 6.5 Vent Closure Operation 6.5 Vent Closure Operation
16	6.6 Consequences of a Deflagration 6.6 Consequences of a Deflagration 6.7 Effects of Vent Inertia 6.7 Effects of Vent Inertia 6.8 Effects of Vent Discharge Ducts 6.8 Effects of Vent Discharge Ducts
17	6.9 Venting with Flame Arresting and Particulate Retention 6.9 Venting with Flame Arresting and Particulate Retention Chapter 7 Venting Deflagrations of Gas Mixtures and Mists Chapter 7 Venting Deflagrations of Gas Mixtures and Mists 7.1 Introduction 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Venting of Gas or Mist Deflagration in Low-Strength Enclosures 7.2 Venting of Gas or Mist Deflagration in Low-Strength Enclosures
19	7.3 Venting of Gas or Mist Deflagration in High-Strength Enclosures 7.3 Venting of Gas or Mist Deflagration in High-Strength Enclosures
20	7.4 Effects of Vent Ducts 7.4 Effects of Vent Ducts 7.5 Effects of Initial Turbulence and Internal Appurtenances for Enclosures with Initial Pressures Near Atmospheric 7.5 Effects of Initial Turbulence and Internal Appurtenances for Enclosures with Initial Pressures Near Atmospheric 7.6 Effects of Initial Elevated Pressure 7.6 Effects of Initial Elevated Pressure
21	Chapter 8 Venting of Deflagrations of Dusts and Hybrid Mixtures Chapter 8 Venting of Deflagrations of Dusts and Hybrid Mixtures 8.1 Introduction 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Venting by Means of Low-Inertia Vent Closures 8.2 Venting by Means of Low-Inertia Vent Closures
22	8.3 Effects of Partial Volume 8.3 Effects of Partial Volume
23	8.4 Effects of Initially Elevated Pressure 8.4 Effects of Initially Elevated Pressure
24	8.5 Effects of Vent Ducts 8.5 Effects of Vent Ducts 8.6 Bins, Hoppers, and Silos 8.6 Bins, Hoppers, and Silos
25	8.7 Venting of Dust Collectors Using Bags, Filters, or Cartridges 8.7 Venting of Dust Collectors Using Bags, Filters, or Cartridges
26	8.8 Fireball Dimensions 8.8 Fireball Dimensions
27	8.9 Venting Internal to a Building with Flame-Arresting and Particulate-Retention Device 8.9 Venting Internal to a Building with Flame-Arresting and Particulate-Retention Device 8.10 Deflagration Venting of Enclosures Interconnected with Pipelines 8.10 Deflagration Venting of Enclosures Interconnected with Pipelines Chapter 9 Venting of Deflagrations of Gases and Dusts in Pipes and Ducts Operating at or Near Atmospheric Pressure Chapter 9 Venting of Deflagrations of Gases and Dusts in Pipes and Ducts Operating at or Near Atmospheric Pressure 9.1 Introduction 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Design 9.2 Design
28	9.3 Multiple Deflagration Vents on a Pipe or Duct 9.3 Multiple Deflagration Vents on a Pipe or Duct
29	Chapter 10 Details of Deflagration Vents and Vent Closures Chapter 10 Details of Deflagration Vents and Vent Closures 10.1 Normally Open Vents 10.1 Normally Open Vents 10.2 Normally Closed Vents 10.2 Normally Closed Vents 10.3 Types of Building or Room Vent Closures 10.3 Types of Building or Room Vent Closures 10.4 Restraints for Large Panels 10.4 Restraints for Large Panels 10.5 Equipment Vent Closures 10.5 Equipment Vent Closures
30	10.6 Flame-Arresting and Particulate-Retention Vent Systems 10.6 Flame-Arresting and Particulate-Retention Vent Systems Chapter 11 Inspection and Maintenance Chapter 11 Inspection and Maintenance 11.1 General 11.1 General 11.2 Design Parameters and Documentation 11.2 Design Parameters and Documentation 11.3 Installation 11.3 Installation
31	11.4 Inspection 11.4 Inspection 11.5 Vent Closure Design Parameters 11.5 Vent Closure Design Parameters 11.6 Inspection Reports 11.6 Inspection Reports 11.7 Record Keeping 11.7 Record Keeping 11.8 Management of Change 11.8 Management of Change 11.9 Maintenance 11.9 Maintenance 11.10 Employee Training 11.10 Employee Training
32	Annex A Explanatory Material Annex A Explanatory Material
55	Annex B Fundamentals of Deflagration Annex B Fundamentals of Deflagration
59	Annex C Guidelines for Measuring Deflagration Indices of Dusts and Gases Annex C Guidelines for Measuring Deflagration Indices of Dusts and Gases
63	Annex D Fundamental Burning Velocities for Select Flammable Gases in Air Annex D Fundamental Burning Velocities for Select Flammable Gases in Air
65	Annex E Deflagration Characteristics of Select Flammable Gases Annex E Deflagration Characteristics of Select Flammable Gases
66	Annex F Deflagration Characteristics of Select Combustible Dusts Annex F Deflagration Characteristics of Select Combustible Dusts
68	Annex G Calculation Method for Correction Factor Due to Increased Vent Panel Mass Annex G Calculation Method for Correction Factor Due to Increased Vent Panel Mass
71	Annex H Alternative Vent Area Methodology Annex H Alternative Vent Area Methodology
75	Annex I Research Reports and Supporting Documents Annex I Research Reports and Supporting Documents Annex J Effect of Partial Volumes on Buildings — Example Problem Annex J Effect of Partial Volumes on Buildings — Example Problem
76	Annex K Bibliography Annex K Bibliography
79	Annex L Informational References Annex L Informational References
81	Index Index
86	Tentative Interim Amendment Tentative Interim Amendment