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NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace 2021

NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace 2021

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NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace

Published By Publication Date Number of Pages
NFPA 2021 148
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PDF Pages PDF Title
1 Copyright
Edition
Origin and Development
4 Committee Lists for NEC-70E-2021
9 ARTICLE 90 Introduction 90.1 Purpose.
90.2 Scope. 90.2(A) Covered.
90.2(B) Not Covered.
10 90.3 Standard Arrangement.
Figure 90.3 Standard Arrangement. 90.4 Mandatory Rules, Permissive Rules, and Explanatory Material. 90.4(A) Mandatory Rules.
90.4(B) Permissive Rules.
90.4(C) Explanatory Material.
11 90.4(D) Informative Annexes.
90.5 Formal Interpretations.
Chapter 1 : Safety-Related Work Practices
ARTICLE 100 Definitions
Accessible (as applied to equipment).
Approved.
Arc Flash Hazard.
Arc Flash Suit.
Arc Rating.
12 Attachment Plug (Plug Cap) (Plug).
Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ).
Automatic.
Balaclava.
Barricade.
Barrier.
Bonded (Bonding).
Bonding Conductor or Jumper.
Boundary, Arc Flash.
Boundary, Limited Approach.
Boundary, Restricted Approach.
Building.
13 Cabinet.
Circuit Breaker.
Conductive.
Conductor, Bare.
Conductor, Covered.
Conductor, Insulated.
Controller.
Current-Limiting Overcurrent Protective Device.
Cutout.
De-energized.
Device.
Disconnecting Means.
Disconnecting (or Isolating) Switch (Disconnector, Isolator).
Dwelling Unit.
14 Electrical Hazard.
Electrical Safety.
Electrical Safety Program.
Electrically Safe Work Condition.
Enclosed.
Enclosure.
Energized.
Equipment.
Equipment, Arc-Resistant.
Exposed (as applied to energized electrical conductors or circuit parts).
Exposed (as applied to wiring methods).
15 Fault Current.
Fault Current, Available.
Figure 100.0 Available Fault Current.
Fitting.
Fuse.
16 Ground.
Ground Fault.
Grounded (Grounding).
Grounded, Solidly.
Grounded Conductor.
Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI).
Grounding Conductor, Equipment (EGC).
Grounding Electrode.
Grounding Electrode Conductor.
Guarded.
Hazard.
Hazardous.
Incident Energy.
17 Incident Energy Analysis.
Insulated.
Interrupter Switch.
Interrupting Rating.
Isolated (as applied to location).
Labeled.
Listed.
Luminaire.
Maintenance, Condition of.
Motor Control Center.
Outlet.
Overcurrent.
18 Overload.
Panelboard.
Premises Wiring (System).
Qualified Person.
Raceway.
Receptacle.
Risk.
Risk Assessment.
Service Drop.
Service Lateral.
Service Point.
19 Shock Hazard.
Short-Circuit Current Rating.
Single-Line Diagram.
Special Permission.
Step Potential.
Structure.
Switch, Isolating.
Switchboard.
Switchgear, Metal-Clad.
Switchgear, Metal-Enclosed.
Switching Device.
Touch Potential.
20 Ungrounded.
Unqualified Person.
Utilization Equipment.
Voltage (of a Circuit).
Voltage, Nominal.
Working Distance.
Working On (energized electrical conductors or circuit parts).
ARTICLE 105 Application of Safety-Related Work Practices and Procedures 105.1 Scope.
105.2 Purpose.
105.3 Responsibility. 105.3(A) Employer Responsibility.
21 105.3(B) Employee Responsibility.
105.5 Organization.
ARTICLE 110 General Requirements for Electrical Safety-Related Work Practices 110.1 Priority.
110.2 General.
110.3 Electrically Safe Work Condition.
110.4 Energized Work. 110.4(A) Additional Hazards or Increased Risk.
110.4(B) Infeasibility.
110.4(C) Equipment Operating at Less Than 50 Volts.
22 110.4(D) Normal Operating Condition.
110.5 Electrical Safety Program. 110.5(A) General.
110.5(B) Inspection.
110.5(C) Condition of Maintenance.
110.5(D) Awareness and Self-Discipline.
110.5(E) Electrical Safety Program Principles.
110.5(F) Electrical Safety Program Controls.
23 110.5(G) Electrical Safety Program Procedures.
110.5(H) Risk Assessment Procedure.
110.5(H)(1) Elements of a Risk Assessment Procedure.
110.5(H)(2) Human Error.
110.5(H)(3) Hierarchy of Risk Control Methods.
110.5(I) Job Safety Planning and Job Briefing.
110.5(I)(1) Job Safety Planning.
24 110.5(I)(2) Job Briefing.
110.5(I)(3) Change in Scope.
110.5(J) Incident Investigations.
110.5(K) Electrically Safe Work Condition Policy.
110.5(L) Lockout/Tagout Program.
110.5(M) Auditing. 110.5(M)(1) Electrical Safety Program Audit.
110.5(M)(2) Field Work Audit.
110.5(M)(3) Lockout/Tagout Program and Procedure Audit.
110.5(M)(4) Documentation.
110.6 Training Requirements. 110.6(A) Electrical Safety Training.
110.6(A)(1) Qualified Person.
25 110.6(A)(2) Unqualified Persons.
110.6(A)(3) Additional Training and Retraining.
110.6(A)(4) Type of Training.
110.6(A)(5) Electrical Safety Training Documentation.
26 110.6(B) Lockout/Tagout Procedure Training. 110.6(B)(1) Initial Training.
110.6(B)(2) Retraining.
110.6(B)(3) Lockout/Tagout Training Documentation.
110.6(C) Emergency Response Training. 110.6(C)(1) Contact Release.
110.6(C)(2) First Aid, Emergency Response, and Resuscitation.
110.6(C)(3) Training Verification.
110.6(C)(4) Documentation.
110.7 Host and Contract Employers’ Responsibilities. 110.7(A) Host Employer Responsibilities. 110.7(A)(1)
110.7(A)(2)
27 110.7(B) Contract Employer Responsibilities. 110.7(B)(1)
110.7(B)(2)
110.7(B)(3)
110.7(C) Documentation.
110.8 Test Instruments and Equipment. 110.8(A) Testing.
110.8(B) Rating.
110.8(C) Design.
110.8(D) Visual Inspection and Repair.
110.8(E) Operation Verification.
28 110.9 Portable Cordand-Plug-Connected Electric Equipment.
110.9(A) Handling and Storage.
110.9(B) Grounding-Type Equipment.
110.9(C) Visual Inspection and Repair of Portable Cordand Plug-Connected Equipment and Flexible Cord Sets.
110.9(D) Conductive or Wet Work Locations.
110.9(E) Connecting Attachment Plugs.
110.9(F) Manufacturer’s Instructions.
110.10 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter (GFCI) Protection. 110.10(A) General.
110.10(B) Maintenance and Construction.
29 110.10(C) Outdoors.
110.10(D) Testing Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Protection Devices.
110.11 Overcurrent Protection Modification.
110.12 Equipment Use.
ARTICLE 120 Establishing an Electrically Safe Work Condition 120.1 Lockout/Tagout Program. 120.1(A) General.
120.1(B) Employer Responsibilities.
120.2 Lockout/Tagout Principles. 120.2(A) Employee Involvement.
120.2(B) Lockout/Tagout Procedure.
30 120.2(C) Control of Energy.
120.2(D) Electrical Circuit Interlocks.
120.2(E) Control Devices.
120.2(F) Identification.
120.2(G) Coordination.
120.2(H) Forms of Control of Hazardous Electrical Energy.
120.3 Lockout/Tagout Equipment. 120.3(A) Lock Application.
120.3(B) Lockout/Tagout Device.
120.3(C) Lockout Device.
31 120.3(D) Tagout Device.
120.4 Lockout/Tagout Procedures.
120.4(A) Planning.
120.4(A)(1) Locating Sources.
120.4(A)(2) Exposed Persons.
120.4(A)(3) Person in Charge.
120.4(A)(4) Simple Lockout/Tagout Procedure.
120.4(A)(5) Complex Lockout/Tagout.
32 120.4(B) Elements of Control.
120.4(B)(1) De-energizing Equipment (Shutdown).
120.4(B)(2) Stored Energy.
120.4(B)(3) Disconnecting Means.
120.4(B)(4) Responsibility.
120.4(B)(5) Verification.
120.4(B)(6) Testing.
120.4(B)(7) Grounding.
120.4(B)(8) Shift Change.
120.4(B)(9) Coordination.
120.4(B)(10) Accountability for Personnel.
120.4(B)(11) Lockout/Tagout Application.
33 120.4(B)(12) Removal of Lockout/Tagout Devices.
120.4(B)(13) Release for Return to Service.
120.4(B)(14) Temporary Release for Testing/Positioning.
120.5 Process for Establishing and Verifying an Electrically Safe Work Condition.
34 ARTICLE 130 Work Involving Electrical Hazards 130.1 General.
130.2 Energized Electrical Work Permit. 130.2(A) When Required.
130.2(B) Elements of Work Permit.
35 130.2(C) Exemptions to Work Permit.
130.4 Shock Risk Assessment. 130.4(A) General.
130.4(B) Estimate of Likelihood and Severity.
130.4(C) Additional Protective Measures.
130.4(D) Documentation.
130.4(E) Shock Protection Boundaries.
36 b b a c
37 130.4(F) Limited Approach Boundary. 130.4(F)(1) Approach by Unqualified Persons.
130.4(F)(2) Working at or Close to the Limited Approach Boundary.
130.4(F)(3) Entering the Limited Approach Boundary.
38 130.4(G) Restricted Approach Boundary.
130.5 Arc Flash Risk Assessment. 130.5(A) General.
130.5(B) Estimate of Likelihood and Severity.
130.5(C) Additional Protective Measures.
a b
40 130.5(D) Documentation.
41 130.5(E) Arc Flash Boundary. 130.5(E)(1)
130.5(E)(2)
130.5(F) Arc Flash PPE.
130.5(G) Incident Energy Analysis Method.
42 130.5(H) Equipment Labeling.
130.7 Personal and Other Protective Equipment.
43 130.7(A) General.
130.7(B) Care of Equipment.
130.7(C) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). 130.7(C)(1) General.
130.7(C)(2) Movement and Visibility.
130.7(C)(3) Head, Face, Neck, and Chin (Head Area) Protection.
130.7(C)(4) Eye Protection.
130.7(C)(5) Hearing Protection.
130.7(C)(6) Body Protection.
130.7(C)(7) Hand and Arm Protection.
45 130.7(C)(8) Foot Protection.
130.7(C)(9) Factors in Selection of Protective Clothing.
130.7(C)(10) Arc Flash Protective Equipment.
46 130.7(C)(11) Clothing Material Characteristics.
130.7(C)(12) Clothing and Other Apparel Not Permitted.
130.7(C)(13) Care and Maintenance of Arc-Rated Clothing and Arc-Rated Arc Flash Suits.
47 130.7(C)(14) Standards for PPE.
49 130.7(C)(15) Arc Flash PPE Category Method.
54 130.7(D) Other Protective Equipment. 130.7(D)(1) Insulated Tools and Equipment.
55 130.7(D)(2) Barriers.
130.7(E) Alerting Techniques. 130.7(E)(1) Safety Signs and Tags.
130.7(E)(2) Barricades.
130.7(E)(3) Attendants.
130.7(F) Look-Alike Equipment.
130.7(G) Standards for Other Protective Equipment.
57 130.8 Other Precautions for Personnel Activities. 130.8(A) Alertness. 130.8(A)(1) Where Electrical Hazards Might Exist.
130.8(A)(2) When Impaired.
130.8(A)(3) Changes in Scope.
130.8(B) Blind Reaching.
130.8(C) Illumination. 130.8(C)(1) General.
130.8(C)(2) Obstructed View of Work Area.
130.8(D) Conductive Articles Being Worn.
130.8(E) Conductive Materials, Tools, and Equipment Being Handled. 130.8(E)(1) General.
130.8(E)(2) Approach to Energized Electrical Conductors and Circuit Parts.
130.8(F) Confined or Enclosed Work Spaces.
130.8(G) Doors and Hinged Panels.
58 130.8(H) Clear Spaces.
130.8(I) Housekeeping Duties.
130.8(J) Occasional Use of Flammable Materials.
130.8(K) Anticipating Failure.
130.8(L) Routine Opening and Closing of Circuits.
130.8(M) Reclosing Circuits After Protective Device Operation.
130.8(N) Safety Interlocks.
130.9 Work Within the Limited Approach Boundary or Arc Flash Boundary of Overhead Lines. 130.9(A) Uninsulated and Energized.
130.9(B) Determination of Insulation Rating.
130.9(C) De-energizing or Guarding.
59 130.9(D) Employer and Employee Responsibility.
130.9(E) Approach Distances for Unqualified Persons.
130.9(F) Vehicular and Mechanical Equipment. 130.9(F)(1) Elevated Equipment.
130.9(F)(2) Equipment Contact.
130.9(F)(3) Equipment Grounding.
130.10 Underground Electrical Lines and Equipment.
130.11 Cutting or Drilling.
60 130.12 Cutting, Removing, or Rerouting of Conductors.
Chapter 2 : Safety-Related Maintenance Requirements
ARTICLE 200 Introduction 200.1 Scope.
ARTICLE 205 General Maintenance Requirements 205.1 Qualified Persons.
205.2 Single-Line Diagram.
205.3 General Maintenance Requirements.
205.4 Overcurrent Protective Devices.
61 205.5 Spaces About Electrical Equipment.
205.6 Grounding and Bonding.
205.7 Guarding of Energized Conductors and Circuit Parts.
205.8 Safety Equipment.
205.9 Clear Spaces.
205.10 Identification of Components.
205.11 Warning Signs.
205.12 Identification of Circuits.
205.13 Single and Multiple Conductors and Cables.
205.14 Flexible Cords and Cables.
205.14(1) Damaged Cords and Cables.
205.14(2) Strain Relief.
205.14(3) Repair and Replacement.
205.15 Overhead Line Clearances.
ARTICLE 210 Substations, Switchgear Assemblies, Switchboards, Panelboards, Motor Control Centers, and Disconnect Switches 210.1
210.2 Area Enclosures.
62 210.3 Conductors.
210.4 Insulation Integrity.
210.5 Protective Devices.
ARTICLE 215 Premises Wiring 215.1 Covers for Wiring System Components.
215.2 Open Wiring Protection.
215.3 Raceways and Cable Trays.
ARTICLE 220 Controller Equipment 220.1 Scope.
220.2 Protection and Control Circuitry.
ARTICLE 225 Fuses and Circuit Breakers 225.1 Fuses.
225.2 Molded-Case Circuit Breakers.
225.3 Circuit Breaker Testing After Electrical Faults.
63 ARTICLE 230 Rotating Equipment 230.1 Terminal Boxes.
230.2 Guards, Barriers, and Access Plates.
ARTICLE 235 Hazardous (Classified) Locations 235.1 Scope.
235.2 Maintenance Requirements for Hazardous (Classified) Locations.
ARTICLE 240 Batteries and Battery Rooms 240.1 Ventilation.
240.2 Eye and Body Wash Apparatus.
ARTICLE 245 Portable Electric Tools and Equipment 245.1 Maintenance Requirements for Portable Electric Tools and Equipment.
64 ARTICLE 250 Personal Safety and Protective Equipment 250.1 Maintenance Requirements for Personal Safety and Protective Equipment
250.2 Inspection and Testing of Protective Equipment and Protective Tools. 250.2(A) Visual.
250.2(B) Testing.
250.3 Safety Grounding Equipment. 250.3(A) Inspection.
250.3(B) Testing.
250.3(C) Grounding and Testing Devices.
65 250.4 Test Instruments.
Chapter 3 : Safety Requirements for Special Equipment
ARTICLE 300 Introduction 300.1 Scope.
300.2 Responsibility.
300.3 Organization.
ARTICLE 310 Safety-Related Work Practices for Electrolytic Cells 310.1 Scope.
310.2 Definitions.
Battery Effect.
Safeguarding.
310.3 Safety Training. 310.3(A) General.
66 310.3(B) Training Requirements.
310.4 Employee Training. 310.4(A) Qualified Persons. 310.4(A)(1) Training.
310.4(A)(2) Qualified Persons.
310.4(B) Unqualified Persons. 310.4(B)(1) Training.
310.4(B)(2) In Cell Line Working Zone.
310.5 Safeguarding of Employees in the Cell Line Working Zone. 310.5(A) General.
310.5(B) Signs.
310.5(C) Arc Flash Risk Assessment.
310.5(C)(1) General.
67 310.5(C)(2) Routine Tasks.
310.5(C)(3) Nonroutine Tasks.
310.5(C)(4) Arc Flash Hazards.
310.5(D) Safeguards.
310.5(D)(1) Insulation.
310.5(D)(2) Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).
310.5(D)(3) Barriers.
310.5(D)(4) Voltage Equalization.
310.5(D)(5) Isolation.
310.5(D)(6) Safe Work Practices.
68 310.5(D)(7) Tools.
310.5(D)(8) Portable Cutout-Type Switches.
310.5(D)(9) Cranes and Hoists.
310.5(D)(10) Attachments.
310.5(D)(11) Pacemakers and Metallic Implants.
310.5(D)(12) Testing.
310.6 Portable Tools and Equipment.
310.6(A) Portable Electrical Equipment.
310.6(B) Auxiliary Nonelectric Connections.
69 310.6(C) Welding Machines.
310.6(D) Portable Test Equipment.
ARTICLE 320 Safety Requirements Related to Batteries and Battery Rooms 320.1 Scope.
320.2 Definitions.
Authorized Personnel.
Battery.
Battery Room.
Cell.
70 Electrolyte.
Nominal Voltage.
Pilot Cell.
Prospective Short-Circuit Current.
Valve-Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) Cell.
Vented Cell.
320.3 Safety Procedures. 320.3(A) General Safety Hazards. 320.3(A)(1) Energy Thresholds.
320.3(A)(2) Battery Risk Assessment.
320.3(A)(3) Battery Room or Enclosure Requirements.
320.3(A)(4) Apparel.
320.3(A)(5) Abnormal Battery Conditions.
71 320.3(A)(6) Warning Signs.
320.3(B) Electrolyte Hazards. 320.3(B)(1) Battery Activities That Include Handling of Liquid Electrolyte.
320.3(B)(2) Activities That Do Not Include Handling of Electrolyte.
320.3(C) Tools and Equipment. 320.3(C)(1) Handles.
320.3(C)(2) Contact.
320.3(C)(3) Nonsparking Tools.
72 320.3(D) Cell Flame Arresters and Cell Ventilation.
ARTICLE 330 Safety-Related Work Practices: Lasers 330.1 Scope.
330.2 Definitions.
Field Evaluated.
Laser.
Laser Energy Source.
Laser Radiation.
Laser System.
Protective Barrier.
330.3 Hazardous Energy. 330.3(A) Voltage and Current.
330.3(B) Stored Energy.
330.4 Electrical Safety Training.
73 330.4(A) Personnel to Be Trained.
330.4(B) Electrical Safety Training for Work on or with Lasers.
330.5 Safeguarding of Persons from Electrical Hazards Associated with Lasers and Laser Systems. 330.5(A) Temporary Guarding.
330.5(B) Work Requiring an Electrically Safe Work Condition.
330.5(C) Energized Electrical Testing.
330.5(D) Warning Signs and Labels.
330.5(E) Listing.
330.6 Responsibility for Electrical Safety.
ARTICLE 340 Safety-Related Work Practices: Power Electronic Equipment 340.1 Scope.
74 340.2 Definition.
Radiation Worker.
340.3 Application.
340.4 Hazards Associated with Power Electronic Equipment.
340.5 Specific Measures for Personnel Safety. 340.5(A) Employer Responsibility.
340.5(B) Employee Responsibility.
75 ARTICLE 350 Safety-Related Work Requirements: Research and Development Laboratories 350.1 Scope.
350.2 Definitions.
Competent Person.
Field Evaluated.
Laboratory.
Research and Development (R&D).
350.3 Applications of Other Articles.
350.4 Electrical Safety Authority (ESA).
350.4(A) Responsibility.
350.4(B) Qualifications.
350.5 Specific Measures and Controls for Personnel Safety.
76 350.5(A) Job Briefings.
350.5(B) Personnel Protection.
350.6 Approval Requirements.
350.7 Custom Built, Non-Listed Research Equipment, 1000 Volts or less AC or DC. 350.7(A) Equipment Marking and Documentation. 35
350.7(A)(2) Documentation.
350.7(A)(3) Shutdown Procedures.
350.7(A)(4) Specific Hazards.
350.7(A)(5) Approvals.
350.7(B) Tools, Training, and Maintenance.
350.8 Custom Built, Unlisted Research Equipment, >1000 V AC or DC.
77 350.9 Energy Thresholds.
350.10 Establishing an Electrically Safe Work Condition.
ARTICLE 360 Safety-Related Requirements for Capacitors 360.1 Scope.
360.2 Definitions. Arc Blast Hazard.
Bleed Resistor.
Charge Transfer.
Dielectric Absorption.
Discharge Time.
78 Ground Stick.
Hard Grounding (Low-Z).
Hearing Protection Boundary.
Lung Protection Boundary.
Soft Grounding (High-Z).
Time Constant.
360.3 Stored Energy Hazard Thresholds.
360.4 Specific Measures for Personnel Safety. 360.4(A) Qualification and Training.
360.4(B) Performing a Risk Assessment for Capacitors.
79 360.5 Establishing an Electrically Safe Work Condition for a Capacitor(s). 360.5(A) Written Procedure.
360.5(B) Safe Work Practices.
360.6 Grounding Sticks.
360.6(A) Visual Inspection.
80 360.6(B) Electrical Testing.
360.6(C) Storage and Disposal.
Annex A : Informative Publications
A. 1 General.
A. 2 NFPA Publications.
A. 3 Other Publications. A. 3.1 ANSI Publications.
81 A. 3.2 ASTM Publications.
82 A. 3.3 British Standards Institute, Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS) Project Group Publications.
A. 3.4 CSA Publications.
A. 3.5 ICRP Publications.
A. 3.6 IEC Publications.
A. 3.7 IEEE Publications.
83 A. 3.8 ISEA Publications.
A. 3.9 ISO Publications.
84 A. 3.10 NIOSH Publications.
A. 3.11 UL Publications.
A. 3.12 Government Publications.
A. 3.13 Other Publications.
85 Annex B : Reserved Annex C : Limits of Approach
C Limits of Approach
C. 1 Preparation for Approach.
C. 1.1 Unqualified Persons, Safe Approach Distance.
C. 1.2 Qualified Persons, Safe Approach Distance. C. 1.2.1
C. 1.2.2
C. 1.2.3
86 Figure C. 1.2.3 Limits of Approach. C. 2 Basis for Distance Values in Tables 130.4(E)(a) and 130.4(E)(b). C. 2.1 General Stateme
87 C. 2.1.1 Column 1.
C. 2.1.2 Column 2.
C. 2.1.3 Column 3.
C. 2.1.4 Column 4.
Annex D : Incident Energy and Arc Flash Boundary Calculation Methods
D Incident Energy and Arc Flash Boundary Calculation Methods
D. 1 Introduction.
88 D. 2 Ralph Lee Calculation Method. D. 2.1 Basic Equations for Calculating Arc Flash Boundary Distances.
89 D. 2.2 Single-Line Diagram of a Typical Petrochemical Complex.
Figure D. 2.2 Single-Line Diagram of a Typical Petrochemical Complex.
*
90 D. 2.3 Sample Calculation.
91 D. 2.4 Calculation of Incident Energy Exposure Greater Than 600 V for an Arc Flash Hazard Analysis.
92 D. 3 Doughty Neal Paper. D. 3.1 Calculation of Incident Energy Exposure.
D. 3.2 Arc in Open Air.
D. 3.3 Arc in a Cubic Box.
93 D. 3.4 Reference.
D. 4 IEEE 1584-2018 Calculation Method. D. 4.1 Introduction.
D. 4.2 Scope.
D. 4.3 Purpose.
94 D. 4.4 Range of the Model.
D. 4.5 Comparison with IEEE 1584-2002.
D. 4.6 Electrode Configuration.
95 D. 4.7 Enclosure Size Correction Factor.
D. 4.8 Cautions and Disclaimers.
D. 5 Direct-Current Incident Energy Calculations. D. 5.1 Maximum Power Method.
96 D. 5.2 Detailed Arcing Current and Energy Calculations Method.
D. 5.3 Short Circuit Current.
Annex E : Electrical Safety Program
E Electrical Safety Program
E. 1 Typical Electrical Safety Program Principles.
E. 2 Typical Electrical Safety Program Controls.
97 E. 3 Typical Electrical Safety Program Procedures.
Annex F : Risk Assessment and Risk Control
F Risk Assessment and Risk Control
F. 1 Introduction to Risk Management.
98 Figure F. 1 Risk Management Process (Adapted from ISO 31000 figure 3). F. 1.1 Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) Risk Manageme
99 F. 2 Relationship to Occupational Health and Safety Management System (OHSMS).
F. 3 Hierarchy of Risk Control.
100 F. 4 Hazard-Based Risk Assessment.
F. 5 Task-Based Risk Assessment.
F. 6 Risk Assessment Methods.
Figure F. 6 Example of a Qualitative Two-by-Two Risk Assessment Matrix.
101 F. 7 Battery Risk Assessment.
Figure F. 7 Assessing Hazards Associated with Work on Batteries.
102 Annex G : Sample Lockout/Tagout Program
G Sample Lockout/Tagout Program
103 G. 1.0 Purpose.
G. 2.0 Responsibility.
G. 3.0 Preparation for Lockout/Tagout. G. 3.1
G. 3.2
G. 3.3
G. 3.4
G. 3.5
G. 4.0 Simple Lockout/Tagout.
G. 5.0 Sequence of Lockout/Tagout System Procedures. G. 5.1
G. 5.2
G. 5.3
104 G. 5.4
G. 5.5
G. 5.6
G. 5.7
G. 5.8
G. 5.9
G. 5.10
G. 6.0 Restoring the Equipment, Electrical Supply, or Both to Normal Condition. G. 6.1
G. 6.2
G. 6.3
G. 6.4
G. 6.5
G. 6.6
G. 6.7
G. 6.8
105 G. 7.0 Procedure Involving More Than One Person.
G. 8.0 Procedure Involving More Than One Shift.
G. 9.0 Complex Lockout/Tagout.
G. 9.1
G. 9.2
G. 9.3
G. 9.4
G. 9.5
G. 9.6
G. 9.7
106 G. 10.0 Discipline. G. 10.1
G. 10.2
G. 11.0 Equipment. G. 11.1
G. 11.2
G. 11.3
G. 12.0 Review.
G. 13.0 Lockout/Tagout Training.
Annex H : Guidance on Selection of Protective Clothing and Other Personal Protective
107 Equipment (PPE)
H Guidance on Selection of Protective Clothing and Other Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
H. 1 Arc-Rated Clothing and Other Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Use with Arc Flash PPE Categories.
H. 2 Simplified Two-Category Clothing Approach for Use with Table 130.7(C)(15)(a), Table 130.7(C)(15)(b), and Table 130.7(C)(15)
H. 3 Arc-Rated Clothing and Other Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Use with Risk Assessment of Electrical Hazards.
a
108 H. 4 Conformity Assessment of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE). H. 4.1 Introduction.
109 H. 4.2 Level of Conformity.
H. 4.3 Equivalence.
H. 4.4 Supplier’s Declaration of Conformity.
Figure H. 4.4 Supplier’s Declaration of Conformity.
110 H. 4.5 References.
Annex I : Job Briefing and Job Safety Planning Checklist
I Job Briefing and Job Safety Planning Checklist
I. 1 Job Briefing Checklist.
Figure I. 1 Sample Job Briefing Checklist.
112 I. 2 Job Safety Planning Checklist.
Figure I. 2 Sample Job Safety Planning Checklist.
115 Annex J : Energized Electrical Work Permit
J Energized Electrical Work Permit
J. 1 Energized Electrical Work Permit Sample.
Figure J. 1 Sample Permit for Energized Electrical Work.
116 J. 2 Energized Electrical Work Permit.
Figure J. 2 Energized Electrical Work Permit Flow Chart.
Annex K : General Categories of Electrical Hazards
117 K General Categories of Electrical Hazards
K. 1 General.
K. 2 Electric Shock.
K. 3 Arc Flash.
K. 4 Arc Blast.
118 K. 5 Other Information.
Annex L : Typical Application of Safeguards in the Cell Line Working Zone
L Typical Application of Safeguards in the Cell Line Working Zone
L. 1 Application of Safeguards.
L. 2 Electrical Power Receptacles.
119 Annex M : Layering of Protective Clothing and Total System Arc Rating
M Layering of Protective Clothing and Total System Arc Rating
M. 1 Layering of Protective Clothing. M. 1.1
M. 1.2
M. 2 Layering Using Arc-Rated Clothing over Natural Fiber Clothing Underlayers. M. 2.1
M. 2.2
M. 3 Total System Arc Rating. M. 3.1
M. 3.2
Annex N : Example Industrial Procedures and Policies for Working Near Overhead Electrical Lines and Equipment
120 N Example Industrial Procedures and Policies for Working Near Overhead Electrical Lines and Equipment
N. 1 Introduction.
N. 2 Overhead Power Line Policy (OPP).
N. 3 Policy.
N. 4 Procedures. N. 4.1 General.
121 N. 4.2 Look Up and Live Flags.
N. 4.3 High Risk Tasks. N. 4.3.1 Heavy Mobile Equipment.
N. 4.3.2 Aerial Lifts, Cranes, and Boom Devices.
N. 4.3.3 Tree Work.
N. 4.4 Underground Electrical Lines and Equipment.
122 N. 4.5 Vehicles with Loads in Excess of 4.25 m (14 ft) in Height.
N. 4.6 Emergency Response.
123 Annex O : Safety-Related Design Requirements
O Safety-Related Design Requirements
O. 1 Introduction.
O. 1.1
O. 1.2
O. 2 General Design Considerations. O. 2.1
O. 2.2
O. 2.3 Incident Energy Reduction Methods.
124 O. 2.4 Additional Safety-by-Design Methods.
Annex P : Aligning Implementation of This Standard with Occupational Health and Safety Management Standards
P Aligning Implementation of This Standard with Occupational Health and Safety Management Standards
P. 1 General.
125 Annex Q : Human Performance and Workplace Electrical Safety
Q Human Performance and Workplace Electrical Safety
Q. 1 Introduction.
Q. 2 Principles of Human Performance.
126 Q. 3 Information Processing and Attention.
Q. 4 Human Performance Modes and Associated Errors. Q. 4.1 Rule-Based Human Performance Mode. Q. 4.1.1 General.
127 Q. 4.1.2 Rule-Based Human Performance Mode Errors.
Q. 4.2 Knowledge-Based Human Performance Mode. Q. 4.2.1 General.
Q. 4.2.2 Knowledge-Based Human Performance Mode Errors.
Q. 4.3 Skill-Based Human Performance Mode. Q. 4.3.1 General.
Q. 4.3.2 Skill-Based Human Performance Mode Errors.
Q. 5 Error Precursors.
129 Q. 6 Human Performance Tools. Q. 6.1 Application.
Q. 6.2 Job Planning and Pre-Job Briefing Tool
Q. 6.3 Job Site Review Tool.
130 Q. 6.4 Post-Job Review Tool.
Q. 6.5 Procedure Use and Adherence Tool.
Q. 6.6 Self-Check with Verbalization Tool.
Q. 6.7 Three-Way Communication Tool.
Q. 6.8 Stop When Unsure Tool.
Q. 6.9 Flagging and Blocking Tools
131 Q. 7 Human Performance Warning Flags. Q. 7.1 General.
Q. 7.2 Program or Process.
Q. 7.3 Organizational Performance.
Q. 7.4 Supervisory Performance.
Q. 7.5 Worker Performance.
Q. 8 Workplace Culture.
132 Q. 8.1 General.
Q. 8.2 Workers.
Q. 8.3 Supervisors and Managers.
Q. 8.4 The Organization.
Annex R : Working with Capacitors
R. 1 Introduction.
R. 2 Qualification and Training. R. 2.1 Qualifications.
133 R. 2.2 Unqualified Persons.
R. 3 Shock Hazard. R. 3.1 General.
Figure R. 3.1(a) Capacitor Shock Circuit.
134 Figure R. 3.1(b) Typical Exponential Discharge Characteristic of a Capacitor Through a Resistor.
135 R. 3.2 Duration of Discharge.
R. 3.3 Current Delivered.
136 R. 3.4 Shock Pathway.
R. 3.5 Response to Shock Levels.
R. 3.6 Reflex Hazard.
R. 3.7 Shock Hazard Thresholds.
R. 4 Short-Circuit Hazard.
R. 4.1 Thermal Hazard.
R. 4.2 Arc Flash Hazard.
R. 4.3 Arc Blast Hazard.
R. 5 Internal Rupture.
137 R. 5.1 High Currents.
R. 5.2 Internal Failure.
R. 5.3 Fire Hazard.
R. 6 Performing a Risk Assessment for Capacitors. R. 6.1 Annex F.
R. 6.2 Exposure to Stored Energy.
R. 6.3 Determining Shock Hazard.
R. 6.4 Determining Total Stored Energy.
R. 6.5 Determining Arc Flash.
R. 6.6 Determining Arc Blast Hazard.
R. 6.7 Determine the Test and Grounding Method.
R. 6.8 Determining Discharge Time.
R. 6.9 Written Discharge Procedure.
R. 6.10 Labeling.
138 R. 7 Determining the Shock Hazard. R. 7.1 Risk Assessment.
R. 7.2 Shock PPE.
R. 8 Determining Capacitor Stored Energy. R. 8.1 Capacitor Stored Energy.
R. 8.2
R. 8.3 Capacitor Calculations.
139 R. 8.4 Voltage.
R. 8.4.1
R. 8.4.2
R. 9 Determining the Arc Flash Hazard. R. 9.1 Incident Energy.
140 R. 9.2 Arc Flash Boundary.
R. 10 Determining the Arc Blast Hazard. R. 10.1 Hazard.
R. 10.2 Above 122 kJ.
141 R. 10.3 Above 448 kJ.
Figure R. 10.3 Plot of Arc Flash and Blast Protection Boundaries. R. 11 Selecting the Appropriate Test and Grounding Method. R.
R. 11.2 Bleed Systems.
R. 11.2.1
R. 11.2.2
142 R. 11.2.3
R. 11.2.4
R. 11.3 Hard Grounding.
R. 11.4 Soft Grounding.
R. 11.5 End of Discharge Time.
R. 11.6 Resistor Connection Point.
R. 11.7 Lung Protection Boundary.
R. 11.8 Ground Sticks.
R. 11.9 Use of Table for Method Selection.
143 Figure R. 11.9(a) Illustration of Hard and Soft Grounding Examples Figure R. 11.9(b) Flowchart of Capacitor Test and Grounding M
144 R. 11.10 Other Considerations.
R. 12 Determining the Capacitor Discharge Time. R. 12.1 Discharge Time.
R. 12.2 Voltages 1000 Volts and Less.
R. 12.3 Voltages Greater Than 1000 Volts.
145 R. 13 Establishing an Electrically Safe Work Condition. R. 13.1 Written Discharge Procedure.
R. 13.2 Electrically Safe Work Condition.
R. 14 Storage and Disposal. R. 14.1 Residual Charge.
R. 14.2 Stored Capacitors.
146 R. 14.3 Capacitors Without Shorting Wire.
R. 14.4 Change in Initial Capacitance.
R. 15 Capacitor Hazard Labeling. R. 15.1 Labeling.
R. 15.2
R. 16 Ground Sticks. R. 16.1 Use of Ground Sticks.
R. 16.2 Construction.
147 R. 16.3 Installation.
R. 16.4 Visual Inspection.
R. 16.5 Biennial Testing (every 2 years).
R. 17 References.

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NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace 2021
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