NFPA 921 11:2011 Edition
$80.71
NFPA 921: Guide for Fire and Explosion Investigations
Published By | Publication Date | Number of Pages |
NFPA | 2011 | 347 |
New coverage in the 2011 NFPA 921 guides fire investigators through a complex process. Updated based on recent court cases, scientific data, and trends, the 2011 edition of NFPA 921: Guide for Fire & Explosion Investigations presents the information you need for reliable field work and conclusions that hold up in a court of law. Major revisions give fire investigators, litigators, and insurance professionals more comprehensive and effective guidance for today’s world. Major revisions in NFPA 921 help you render opinions that stand up to scrutiny: * An all-new section on Report Review Procedure in Chapter 4 outlines the review process in fire investigation and discusses peer vs. technical review. * Rewritten Chapter 18, Cause helps ensure fire investigators use scientific methodology when developing hypotheses, to avoid Daubert challenges resulting from the absence of supportive evidence, commonly known as “negative corpus.” * Revised Chapter 21, Explosions includes a critical update of the science and technology affiliated with explosions, along with new illustrations and photos. * Rewritten Chapter 23, Fire Deaths and Injuries explains how medical reports such as blood tests and tissue samples can help investigators determine fire origin and cause. Learn when to request toxicology reports and how to interpret findings. * Chapter 25, Motor Vehicle Fires introduces expanded sections covering recreational vehicles and agricultural equipment. Only the 2011 NFPA 921 includes complete data on all types of vehicles, including electric/hybrids. * Revised Chapter 26, Wildfires has new visuals to assist personnel charged with investigations involving this growing fire problem. * Updated Chapter 12, Safety explores major risks and covers PPE and other safety protocols that protect fire investigators on the job. Use the 2011 NFPA 921’s total system for safe and accurate fire investigations. The 2011 NFPA 921 addresses everything from basic methodology to collecting evidence to failure analysis. Guidelines cover all types of incidents from residential fires to management of complex investigations such as high-rise fires and industrial plant explosions. The latest edition is essential for fire service members, bomb/arson and forensic specialists, insurance professionals, attorneys, and trainers.
PDF Catalog
PDF Pages | PDF Title |
---|---|
2 | Important Notices and Disclaimers |
3 | Additional Notices and Disclaimers |
4 | 2.1 General 2.2 NFPA Publications |
11 | Chapter 1 Administration 1.1 Scope. 1.2 Purpose 1.3 Application 1.4 Units of Measure |
12 | Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 2.3 Other Publications |
15 | 2.4 References for Extracts in Advisory Sections Chapter 3 Definitions 3.1 General 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions 3.3 General Definitions |
20 | Chapter 4 Basic Methodology 4.1 Nature of Fire Investigations. 4.2 Systematic Approach 4.3 Relating Fire Investigation to the Scientific Method |
21 | 4.4 Basic Method of a Fire Investigation |
22 | 4.5 Level of Certainty 4.6 Review Procedure |
23 | 4.7 Reporting Procedure Chapter 5 Basic Fire Science 5.1 Introduction |
24 | 5.2 Fire Chemistry |
25 | 5.3 Products of Combustion 5.4 Fluid Flows 5.5 Heat Transfer |
27 | 5.6 Fuel Load, Fuel Packages, and Properties of Flames |
32 | 5.7 Ignition |
38 | 5.8 Flame Spread |
41 | 5.9 Fire Spread in a Compartment 5.10 Compartment Fire Development |
45 | 5.11 Fire Spread Between Compartments |
46 | 5.12 Paths of Smoke Spread in Buildings Chapter 6 Fire Patterns 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Fire Effects |
55 | 6.3 Fire Patterns |
66 | 6.4 Fire Pattern Analysis |
67 | Chapter 7 Building Systems 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Features of Design, Construction, and Structural Elements in Evaluating Fire Development |
69 | 7.3 Types of Construction |
72 | 7.4 Construction Assemblies |
73 | Chapter 8 Electricity and Fire 8.1 Introduction |
74 | 8.2 Basic Electricity |
78 | 8.3 Building Electrical Systems |
79 | 8.4 Service Equipment 8.5 Grounding |
80 | 8.6 Overcurrent Protection |
84 | 8.7 Branch Circuits |
86 | 8.8 Outlets and Devices 8.9 Ignition by Electrical Energy |
88 | 8.10 Interpreting Damage to Electrical Systems |
93 | 8.11 Identification of Arc Melting of Electrical Conductors |
94 | 8.12 Static Electricity |
97 | Chapter 9 Building Fuel Gas Systems 9.1 Introduction. |
98 | 9.2 Fuel Gases. |
99 | 9.3 Natural Gas Systems 9.4 LP-Gas Systems |
100 | 9.5 Common Fuel Gas System Components |
101 | 9.6 Common Piping in Buildings |
102 | 9.7 Common Appliance and Equipment Requirements 9.8 Common Fuel Gas Utilization Equipment |
103 | 9.9 Investigating Fuel Gas Systems Incidents |
107 | Chapter 10 Fire-Related Human Behavior 10.1 Introduction 10.2 History of Research |
108 | 10.3 General Considerations of Human Responses to Fires |
109 | 10.4 Factors Related to Fire Initiation |
111 | 10.5 Children and Fire 10.6 Incendiary Fires 10.7 Human Factors Related to Fire Spread 10.8 Recognition and Response to Fires Chapter 11 Legal Considerations 11.1 Introduction |
112 | 11.2 Constitutional Considerations 11.3 Legal Considerations During the Investigation |
114 | 11.4 Pretrial Legal Considerations |
115 | 11.5 Trials |
119 | Chapter 12 Safety 12.1 General |
121 | 12.2 General Fire Scene Safety |
122 | 12.3 Fire Scene Hazards |
124 | 12.4 Safety Plans. |
125 | 12.5 Chemical and Contaminant Exposure |
126 | 12.6 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) |
127 | 12.7 Emergency Action Plans 12.8 Post-Scene Safety Activities 12.9 Safety in Off-Scene Investigation Activities |
128 | 12.10 Special Hazards 12.11 Factors Influencing Scene Safety |
129 | Chapter 13 Sources of Information 13.1 General 13.2 Legal Considerations 13.3 Forms of Information 13.4 Interviews |
130 | 13.5 Governmental Sources of Information |
133 | 13.6 Private Sources of Information |
134 | 13.7 Conclusion Chapter 14 Planning the Investigation 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Basic Incident Information |
135 | 14.3 Organizing the Investigation Functions 14.4 Pre-Investigation Team Meeting |
136 | 14.5 Specialized Personnel and Technical Consultants |
137 | 14.6 Case Management Chapter 15 Documentation of the Investigation 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Photography |
143 | 15.3 Note Taking |
144 | 15.4 Diagrams and Drawings |
149 | 15.5 Reports |
150 | Chapter 16 Physical Evidence 16.1 General 16.2 Physical Evidence 16.3 Preservation of the Fire Scene and Physical Evidence |
151 | 16.4 Contamination of Physical Evidence |
152 | 16.5 Methods of Collection |
154 | 16.6 Evidence Containers |
155 | 16.7 Identification of Physical Evidence |
156 | 16.8 Transportation and Storage of Physical Evidence 16.9 Chain of Custody of Physical Evidence 16.10 Examination and Testing of Physical Evidence |
160 | 16.11 Evidence Disposition Chapter 17 Origin Determination 17.1 Introduction. 17.2 Overall Methodology |
162 | 17.3 Data Collection for Origin Determination |
166 | 17.4 Analyze the Data |
170 | 17.5 Developing an Origin Hypothesis |
171 | 17.6 Testing of Origin Hypotheses 17.7 Selecting the Final Hypothesis |
172 | 17.8 Origin Insufficiently Defined Chapter 18 Fire Cause Determination 18.1 Introduction 18.2 Overall Methodology |
173 | 18.3 Data Collection for Fire Cause Determination |
174 | 18.4 Analyze the Data |
176 | 18.5 Developing a Cause Hypothesis 18.6 Testing the Cause Hypothesis |
177 | 18.7 Selecting the Final Hypothesis Chapter 19 Analyzing the Incident for Cause and Responsibility 19.1 General 19.2 The Cause of the Fire or Explosion |
178 | 19.3 The Cause of Damage to Property Resulting from the Incident 19.4 The Cause of Bodily Injury or Loss of Life |
179 | 19.5 Determining Responsibility Chapter 20 Failure Analysis and Analytical Tools 20.1 Introduction 20.2 Time Lines |
181 | 20.3 Systems Analysis |
184 | 20.4 Mathematical Modeling |
186 | 20.5 Fire Testing |
187 | 20.6 Data Required for Modeling and Testing Chapter 21 Explosions 21.1 General |
188 | 21.2 Types of Explosions |
189 | 21.3 Characterization of Explosion Damage |
190 | 21.4 Effects of Explosions |
193 | 21.5 Factors Controlling Explosion Effects |
194 | 21.6 Seated Explosions |
195 | 21.7 Nonseated Explosions 21.8 Gas/Vapor Combustion Explosions |
201 | 21.9 Dust Explosions 21.10 Backdraft (Smoke Explosions) |
202 | 21.11 Outdoor Vapor Cloud Explosions 21.12 Explosives 21.13 Investigation of Explosive Incidents 21.14 Investigating the Explosion Scene |
208 | 21.15 Analyze Origin (Epicenter) 21.16 Analyze Fuel Source |
209 | 21.17 Analyze Ignition Source 21.18 Analyze to Establish Cause |
210 | Chapter 22 Incendiary Fires 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Incendiary Fire Indicators |
212 | 22.3 Potential Indicators Not Directly Related to Combustion |
213 | 22.4 Other Evidentiary Factors |
216 | Chapter 23 Fire and Explosion Deaths and Injuries 23.1 General 23.2 Mechanisms of Death and Injury |
219 | 23.3 Consumption of the Body by Fire |
220 | 23.4 Postmortem Changes 23.5 Investigating Fire Scenes with Fatalities |
222 | 23.6 Investigating Fire Scenes with Injuries |
223 | 23.7 Explosion Deaths and Injuries 23.8 Post Scene Investigation of Injuries |
224 | 23.9 Fire Death Pathological and Toxicological Examination |
226 | 23.10 Analysis of Data |
227 | Chapter 24 Appliances 24.1 Scope |
228 | 24.2 Appliance Scene Recording 24.3 Origin Analysis Involving Appliances |
229 | 24.4 Cause Analysis Involving Appliances 24.5 Appliance Components |
235 | 24.6 Common Residential Appliances |
236 | Chapter 25 Motor Vehicle Fires 25.1 Introduction |
237 | 25.2 Vehicle Investigation Safety 25.3 Fuels in Vehicle Fires |
239 | 25.4 Ignition Sources |
242 | 25.5 System Identification and Function |
246 | 25.6 Body Systems 25.7 Recording Motor Vehicle Fire Scenes |
247 | 25.8 Motor Vehicle Examinations |
249 | 25.9 Total Burns 25.10 Special Considerations for Incendiary Vehicle Fires 25.11 Vehicles in Structures |
250 | 25.12 Recreational Vehicles |
253 | 25.13 Heavy Equipment |
254 | 25.14 Agricultural Equipment and Implements Introduction |
260 | 25.15 Hybrid Vehicles 25.16 Towing Considerations |
261 | 25.17 Hydrogen-Fueled Vehicles Chapter 26 Wildfire Investigations 26.1 Introduction 26.2 Wildfire Fuels |
263 | 26.3 Weather |
264 | 26.4 Topography 26.5 Fire Shape |
265 | 26.6 Indicators |
269 | 26.7 Origin Investigation |
272 | 26.8 Fire Cause Determination |
274 | 26.9 Evidence 26.10 Special Safety Considerations 26.11 Sources of Information Chapter 27 Management of Complex Investigations 27.1 Scope |
275 | 27.2 Basic Information and Documents 27.3 Communications Among Interested Parties |
276 | 27.4 Understandings and Agreements |
277 | 27.5 Management of the Investigation |
278 | 27.6 Evidence 27.7 Logistics |
279 | 27.8 Site and Scene Safety Chapter 28 Marine Fire Investigations 28.1 Introduction 28.2 Powerboat and Sailboat Terminology |
281 | 28.3 Boat Investigation Safety |
282 | 28.4 System Identification and Function |
284 | 28.5 Exterior 28.6 Interior |
285 | 28.7 Propulsion Systems |
286 | 28.8 Ignition Sources |
288 | 28.9 Documenting Boat Fire Scenes |
290 | 28.10 Boat Examination 28.11 Boats in Structures |
291 | 28.12 Legal Considerations Annex A Explanatory Material |
324 | Annex B Bibliography |
326 | Annex C Informational References |
327 | Index |