IWA 9:2011 can also be used to compare or assess the performance of business districts regarding the provisions described within it.

IWA 9:2011 does not set benchmarks or expected levels of performance regarding the impacts of business districts.

IWA 9:2011 is intended to be used in conjunction with, and in accordance with the principles set out in, ISO 15392, ISO 26000 and the standards on environmental management prepared by ISO/TC 207.

ISO/TS 13811:2015 does not apply to campsites.

This document gives recommendations for three steps necessary for the standardization of methods towards harmonized procedures for sampling, sample preparation and analysis.

This document does not apply indoor and health related aspects.

NOTE The collection of plastics or microplastics in the environment by citizen social monitoring projects is not in the scope of this document. Although such projects can help sensitize the society to environmental problems and can even reduce the entry and presence of plastics in the environment, this monitoring concept is not considered suitable for a robustly representative and scientific analysis of microplastics in the environment via standardization.

The case studies are presented to facilitate the application of ISO 14055-1 across a wide of range of geographical and local conditions.

NOTE       The cases studies are presented as different ways of applying good practice and do not preclude alternative ways of applying good practices in accordance with ISO 14055-1.

It outlines a methodology that ISO standards writers can use to develop their own approach to addressing sustainability on a subject-specific basis.

It also provides methodologies and procedures for

• determining the amount and minimization of substances or mixtures hazardous to the environment, and
• determining the amount of four heavy metals (lead, cadmium, mercury, hexavalent chromium) in packaging.

The process for packaging design, including material selection, is not part of ISO 18602:2013.

The procedure for applying ISO 18602:2013 is contained in ISO 18601.

It is applicable to a supplier responsible for placing packaging or packaged goods on the market.

The guidance provided by this document is intended primarily for use by standards writers. Over and above its primary purpose, however, this document provides guidance of value to those involved in design work and other activities where environmental aspects of plastics are being considered.

NOTE This document is intended to promote the following practices:

a) the use of techniques for identifying and assessing the environmental impact of technical provisions in standards, and for minimizing their adverse effects;

b) the adoption of good practices such as:

1) procedures for pollution avoidance, e.g. through end-of-life options and its proper management;

2) material and energy conservation in the light of the intended use (and foreseeable misuse) of the product;

3) safe use of hazardous substances;

4) avoidance of technically unjustifiable restrictive practices;

5) promotion of performance criteria rather than exclusion clauses such as are based, for example, only on chemical composition criteria;

6) use of renewable resources and minimization of the use of non-renewable resources, if the life cycle assessment shows favourable;

c) the adoption of a balanced approach in standards development to issues such as environmental impact, product function and performance, health and safety, and other regulatory requirements;

d) the regular review and revision of existing standards in the light of technical innovations, permitting improvement in the environmental impact of products and processes;

e) the application of life cycle analytical approaches wherever applicable and technically justifiable.

The guidance provided by this International Standard is intended primarily for use by standards writers. Over and above its primary purpose, however, the standard provides guidance of value to those involved in design work and other activities where environmental aspects of plastics are being considered.

NOTE This International Standard is intended to promote the following practices:

1. the use of techniques for identifying and assessing the environmental impact of technical provisions in standards, and for minimizing their adverse effects;
2. the adoption of good practices such as:
   1. procedures for pollution avoidance,
   2. material and energy conservation in the light of the intended use (and foreseeable misuse) of the product,
   3. safe use of hazardous substances,
   4. avoidance of technically unjustifiable restrictive practices,
   5. promotion of performance criteria rather than exclusion clauses such as are based, for example, only on chemical composition criteria;
3. the adoption of a balanced approach in standards development to issues such as environmental impact, product function and performance, health and safety, and other regulatory requirements;
4. the regular review and revision of existing standards in the light of technical innovations, permitting improvement in the environmental impact of products and processes;
5. the application of life cycle analytical approaches wherever applicable and technically justifiable.