This document provides:

— definitions of mobile technology and mobile learning appropriate for all sectors in learning, education and training;

— a description of the learner information model for mobile learning;

— specific learner information that supports learners engaged in mobile learning activities in learning, education and training environments.

— a description of the learner interaction model with mobile systems;

— consideration of learner interactions specific to nomadic learners who move from place to place;

— initial guidance regarding the issue of privacy.

This document does not include:

— in-depth technical review of issues related to adaptability to culture, language and individual needs;

— broad or in-depth technical interoperability issues of mobile computing domains;

— security, authentication or accessibility considerations;

— in-depth details regarding privacy;

— detailed information regarding complementary work within other organizations that might be relevant.

ISO/IEC TS 29140-2:2011 provides

• a definition of mobile learning that is appropriate for all sectors in LET,
• the description of the learner information model for mobile learning,
• specific learner information that supports learners engaged in mobile learning activities in LET environments.

In addition, ISO/IEC TS 29140-2:2011 provides some initial guidance regarding the issue of privacy. This includes ensuring that ISO/IEC TS 29140-2:2011 does not contravene any privacy requirements.

• a definition of nomadicity within LET,
• a nomadicity reference model indicating the elements required to support learners engaged in activities within LET environments that involve nomadicity,
• a description of the elements and relationships between the elements, and
• an introduction to the characteristics of nomadicity that impact on LET activities.

ISO/IEC TS 29140-1:2011 also identifies ITLET standards and fields of standardization within ITLET impacted by nomadicity and may be used as a basis for further standardization work and harmonization efforts.

ISO/IEC TS 29140-1:2011 is intended to support interoperability by providing a nomadicity reference model that can be used by developers, implementers, instructional designers, and others. ISO/IEC TS 29140-2 provides a learner information model specific to mobile learning that can be used as a reference by software developers, implementers, instructional designers, teachers, instructors, and others to ensure that LET environments reflect the specific needs of mobile learners.

It is essential to differentiate between nomadicity and mobile learning approaches because the former is considered to be independent of the ICT involved. A concise view and understanding is needed of how nomadic learners' needs and requirements can be met using standardization efforts. The focus of ISO/IEC TS 29140-1:2011 is to ensure that not only is the concept of "nomadicity" understood, but that the user needs and requirements have been addressed.

— a data format (in JSON) for the exchange of registry entries (AfA concept records) between registry servers;

— a set of RESTful operations for AfA registry servers to allow for the manipulation of AfA concept registry entries by external clients other than server-internal web interfaces.

The reference framework identifies content and functional components that support e-Portfolio systems and interoperability issues that need to be addressed in data exchange between these components and interoperability issues that need to be addressed in data exchange between the two component types (content and functional) and among the various categories.

ISO/IEC/TS 20013:2015: provides an e-Portfolio reference framework; provides descriptions of e-Portfolios in terms of components, categories, and elements; provides descriptions of e-Portfolios in terms of component types (content or functional), categories, elements, and items; identifies commonalities of current implementations of e-Portfolios; and represents the needs of stakeholders (e.g. learners, instructors, etc.).

The scope of ISO/IECTS 20013:2015 does not include: in-depth technical review of issues related to adaptability to culture, language, and human functions; security techniques related to the protection of privacy information; authentication of the identity of an IT or ITLET system user; how e-Portfolios might integrate with ITLET systems; and specific requirements of e-Portfolios or e-Portfolio systems to meet jurisdictional domain requirements.

ISO/IEC/TS 20013:2015 currently does not address: aspects of accessibility; the elements required of learner and instructor; best practices of e-portfolio use cases in the fields on K-12 education, higher education and training; guides to support the use of e-Portfolios in learning, education, and training environments; and detailed technical information regarding specific types of e-portfolios (e.g. learning, teaching, assessment, presentation, personal development, career, course, program, institutional, or other).

It is anticipated that some or all of these requirements may be addressed in future editions of ISO/IEC/TS 20013, or in companion International Standards or Technical Reports.

ISO/IEC TR 29163-4:2009 covers the essential Learning Management System (LMS) responsibilities for sequencing content objects (Sharable Content Objects [SCOs] or Assets) during run-time and allowing SCOs to indicate navigation requests. In addition, guidance is offered for providing navigation controls to learners. General subjects discussed include the following:

• Sequencing Concepts and Terminology (e.g., Learning Activities, Activity Trees, Clusters);
• Sequencing Definition Model (i.e., detailed descriptions and requirements of the sequencing information that can be applied to learning activities);
• Sequencing Behavior Model (i.e., detailed descriptions of LMS behaviors to prescribed sequencing information and learner's experience with learning content);
• Navigation Controls and Requirements;
• Navigation Data Model.

Communication between content and LMSs facilitates use of SCORM® Sequencing and Navigation to present content to learners based on learner choices and performance at run-time. This communication also enables LMSs to track learner completion and progress while content is presented to the learner. ISO/IEC TR 29163-4:2009 describes in detail how sequencing behaviors are applied to track learner progress.

ISO/IEC TR 29163-3:2009 covers the essential LMS responsibilities for sequencing content objects (SCOs or Assets) during run-time and allowing SCOs to indicate navigation requests. In addition, guidance is offered for providing navigation controls to learners. General subjects discussed include the following:

• RTE Management: Launching of content objects – SCOs and Assets, Management of communications with a SCO, Run-time environment data model management;
• Application Programming Interface (API): LMS API requirements, SCORM® communication requirements, communication error conditions;
• SCORM® Run-Time Environment Data Model: Data model management and behavior requirements, Data type requirements.